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- Lingfors, David, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Maximizing PV hosting capacity by smart allocation of PV : A case study on a Swedish distribution grid
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of ASES Solar 2015, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, USA, July 28-30, 2015.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detailed simulations of large amounts of PV production in Swedish rural power grids show that as module and system prices keep declining and thus increasing the profitability and demand for solar power, current grid performance will limit the potential. Simulations have been made on a case distribution grid (10 kV) with actual hourly load data for 2014 and calculated hourly production with respect to building roof area, tilt and azimuth together with irradiation data. At high production, especially voltage rises along cables in the outer part of the grid is problematic, but also currents in cables close to transformer buses increases substantially at these conditions. Resulting hosting capacity for the case grid is 32%, as of annual production compared to annual demand. What is limiting the hosting capacity is the tolerated voltage rise, which is set to 5% of nominal grid voltage. Through smart allocation of PV systems to the strongest nodes in the grid the hosting capacity of the same grid can be increased to 74%.
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| 2. |
- Lingfors, David, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Photovoltaics in Swedish agriculture : Technical potential, grid integration and profitability
- 2015
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Ingår i: ISES Solar World Congress 2015, Conference Proceedings. - Freiburg, Germany : International Solar Energy Society. - 9783981465952 ; , s. 259-267
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the realizable potential for photovoltaic (PV) systems in Swedish agriculture. Marginal lands and available building areas for PV systems are quantified, and factors limiting the potential are analyzed. It is shown that the potential for PV in Swedish agriculture is high, but what is fully realizable is limited by the capacity of the rural power grid. A case study in the rural municipality of Herrljunga was conducted and scaled to national level. The study shows that the risk of surges in the medium voltage grid (10 kV) in rural areas are small in case where all roof surfaces with an annual solar irradiance of over 950 kWh/m2 are used for solar power. The total electricity production from the Swedish agriculture, if all roof areas with this irradiance level were used, is estimated to 4 TWh annually. With solar power on all roof surfaces with an annual irradiance of at least 900 kWh per m2 problems with voltage rise and overloads in the electricity grid might occur. The electrical grid capacities thus substantially limit how much solar power can be installed. Our results also show that the profitability limits the potential to 0.2 TWh on a national level, but that it could increase if more optimistic economic conditions are assumed.
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