| 1. |
- Afsun, Donya, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of a film-based parental intervention on vocabulary development in toddlers aged 18-21 months
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Proceedings from Fonetik 2011. - Stockholm. ; , s. 105-108
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SPRINT is a language intervention project aimed to study the outcome of a parental home training program on children’s language development and future reading and writing skills. This study, which derives data from the SPRINT project, intended to examine the possible effects of a parental-based film intervention. It was conducted on toddlers aged 18-21 months from the Stockholm area with at least one parent who has Swedish as a first language. Parents of 78 children participated in the study and filled in 3 SECDI-w&s questionnaires rating their children's productive vocabulary. Children were randomized to either the intervention or the control group. Results indicated that the interventiongroup demonstrated significantly higher scores over time, F (2,78) = 5,192, p < .007. In the light of previous research it is concluded that this intervention contributes to an increase in productive vocabulary. However, the scores of the intervention group did not exceed the average range for Swedish children in the same age span. Furthermore the possible impact of parental education and thepresence of siblings on productive vocabulary was discussed.
|
|
| 2. |
- Andersson, Ida, et al.
(författare)
-
Productive vocabulary size development in children aged 18-24 months - gender differences
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Proceedings from Fonetik 2011. - Stockholm. ; , s. 109-112
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Several studies have shown slight differences in language skills between genders, favouring females. In order to investigate gender differences in speech production for Swedish children, the productive vocabulary size of 295 children, aged 18-24 months, was measured by the validated instrument SECDI-2. The size of the productive vocabulary was found to grow rapidly during this age. Significant gender differences were found at 21 and 24 months, but not at 18 months. The girls’ mean scores were higher.
|
|
| 3. |
- Marklund, Linda, 2011-
(författare)
-
Ett brott - två processer : Medling vid brott och unga lagöverträdare i straffprocessen
- 2011
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A crime and the two processes meeting the young offender is the core of this work. The aim has been to analyze the areas that seem problematic when mediation (restorative justice) and criminal procedure for young people have to interact. The main questions have been: · Which restorative process is used and what is its purpose? · What is the legal status of restorative justice/mediation? · What are the roles of the parties and of the mediator? The method used in this work has been a traditional legal method in combination with participant observation. Additionally, a case study of mediation has been used to illustrate the mediation process. The restorative justice process that is used in Sweden is the victim offender mediation and it is organized as a semi independent service. According to the Mediation Act, the purpose of the process is: a) for the offender to gain further insight on the impact of the crime, and b) for victims to have the opportunity to process their experiences and resolve potential issues. Mediation has the ability to provide the parties to a conflict with closure and thus the possibility to move forward. As such, mediation serves as a complement as well as an alternative to the legal process. The results show that the Swedish mediation service needs more explicit support and education at all levels, and that there is a need for more well-defined rules and guidelines. The legal rules and guidelines must, however, not impede on the uniqueness of the mediation process; the voluntaries, the confidentiality, the equality, the reconciliation and the facilitation. If it does, the mediation process will end up as a pale copy of the law, and the mediators the new professionals who steal the conflict from those who really own it.
|
|
| 4. |
- Näsman, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Absent/weak CD44 intensity and positive human papillomavirus (HPV) status in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma indicates a very high survival
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Cancer Medicine. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2045-7634. ; 2:4, s. 507-18
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with human papillomavirus DNA positive (HPVDNA+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have better clinical outcome than those with HPV DNA negative (HPVDNA-) OSCC upon intensive oncological treatment. All HPVDNA+ OSCC patients may not require intensive treatment, however, but before potentially deintensifying treatment, additional predictive markers are needed. Here, we examined HPV, p16(INK4a), and CD44 in OSCC in correlation to clinical outcome. Pretreatment tumors from 290 OSCC patients, the majority not receiving chemotherapy, were analyzed for HPV DNA by Luminex and for p16(INK4a) and CD44 by immunohistochemistry. 225/290 (78%) tumors were HPVDNA+ and 211/290 (73%) overexpressed p16(INK4a), which correlated to presence of HPV (P < 0.0001). Presence of HPV DNA, absent/weak CD44 intensity staining correlated to favorable 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) by univariate and multivariate analysis, and likewise for p16(INK4a) by univariate analysis. Upon stratification for HPV, HPVDNA+ OSCC with absent/weak CD44 intensity presented the significantly best 3-year DFS and OS, with >95% 3-year DFS and OS. Furthermore, in HPVDNA+ OSCC, p16(INK4a)+ overexpression correlated to a favorable 3-year OS. In conclusion, patients with HPVDNA+ and absent/weak CD44 intensity OSCC presented the best survival and this marker combination could possibly be used for selecting patients for tailored deintensified treatment in prospective clinical trials. Absence of/weak CD44 or presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was shown as a favorable prognostic factors in tonsillar and tongue base cancer. Moreover, patients with the combination of absence of/weak CD44 and presence of HPV DNA presented a very favorable outcome. Therefore, we suggest that this marker combination could potentially be used to single out patients with a high survival that could benefit from a de-escalated oncological treatment.
|
|
| 5. |
- Stenfors, Cecilia U. D., et al.
(författare)
-
Subjective Cognitive Complaints and the Role of Executive Cognitive Functioning in the Working Population : A Case-Control Study
- 2013
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:12, s. UNSP e83351-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Cognitive functioning is important for managing work and life in general. However, subjective cognitive complaints (SCC), involving perceived difficulties with concentration, memory, decision making, and clear thinking are common in the general and working population and can be coupled with both lowered well-being and work ability. However, the relation between SCC and cognitive functioning across the adult age-span, and in the work force, is not clear as few population-based studies have been conducted on non-elderly adults. Thus, the present study aimed to test the relation between SCC and executive cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of employees. Methods: Participants were 233 employees with either high (cases) or low (controls) levels of SCC. Group differences in neuropsychological test performance on three common executive cognitive tests were analysed through a set of analyses of covariance tests, including relevant covariates. Results & Conclusions: In line with the a priori hypotheses, a high level of SCC was associated with significantly poorer executive cognitive performance on all three executive cognitive tests used, compared to controls with little SCC. Additionally, symptoms of depression, chronic stress and sleeping problems were found to play a role in the relations between SCC and executive cognitive functioning. No significant associations remained after adjusting for all these factors. The current findings contribute to an increased understanding of what characterizes SCC in the work force and may be used at different levels of prevention of- and intervention for SCC and related problems with executive cognitive functioning.
|
|
