| 1. |
- Titarenko, Yu. E., et al.
(författare)
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Cross sections for nuclide production in a Fe-56 target irradiated by 300, 500, 750, 1000, 1500, and 2600 MeV protons compared with data on a hydrogen target irradiated by 300, 500, 750, 1000, and 1500 MeV/nucleon Fe-56 ions
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 78:3, s. 034615-
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents the cross sections for radioactive nuclide production in Fe-56( p, x) reactions determined in six experiments using 300, 500, 750, 1000, 1500, and 2600 MeV protons of the external beam from the ITEP U-10 proton accelerator. In total, 221 independent and cumulative yields of radioactive residuals of half-lives from 6.6 min to 312 d have been obtained. The radioactive product nuclide yields were determined by direct gamma-spectrometry. The measured data have been compared with the experimental data obtained elsewhere by the direct and inverse kinematics methods and with calculation results of 15 different codes that simulated hadron-nucleus interactions: MCNPX (INCL, CEM2K, BERTINI, ISABEL), LAHET (BERTINI, ISABEL), CEM03 (.01,. G1,. S1), LAQGSM03 (.01,. G1,. S1), CASCADE-2004, LAHETO, and BRIEFF. Most of the data obtained here are in a good agreement with the inverse kinematics results and disprove the results of some earlier activation measurements that were quite different from the inverse kinematics measurements. The most significant calculation-to-experiment differences are observed in the yields of the A < 30 light nuclei, indicating that further improvements in nuclear reaction models are needed, and pointing out as well to a necessity of more complete experimental measurements of such reaction products.
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| 2. |
- Titarenko, Yu. E., et al.
(författare)
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High-energy threshold reaction rates on 0.8 GeV proton-irradiated thick Pb-target
- 2008
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR DATA FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 2, PROCEEDINGS. - Les Ulis, France : E D P SCIENCES. ; , s. 1209-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This works presents results of activation-aided determination of threshold reaction rates in 92 Bi-209, Pb-nat, Au-197, Ta-181, Tm-169, In-nat, Nb-93, Zn-64, Cu-65, Cu-63, Co-59, F-19, and C-12 samples and in 121 Al-27 samples. All the samples are aligned with the proton beam axis inside and outside the demountable 92-cm thick Pb target of 15-cm diameter assembled of 23 4-cm thick discs. The samples are placed on 12 target disks to reproduce the long axis distribution of protons and neutrons. In June 2006, the target was exposed for 18 hours to a 800-MeV proton beam extracted from the ITEP U-10 accelerator. The proton fluence and the proton beam shape were determined using the 27Al (p,X)7 Be monitor reaction. The total number of protons onto the target was (6.0 +/- 0.5). 10(15). The reaction rates were determined by the direct gamma-spectrometry techniques. The GC-2518 detectors of 1.8 keV resolution and the DGDK-60V detectors of 2.9 keV resolution at the 1332 keV gamma-line were used to take the measurements. In total, 1196 gamma-spectra have been measured, and about 1500 reaction rates determined. The measured reaction rates were simulated by the MCNPX code using the following databases: ENDF/B6 for neutrons below 20 MeV, MENDL2 for 20-100 MeV neutrons, and MENDL2P for proton cross sections up to 200 MeV. An acceptable agreement of simulations with experimental data has been found.
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| 3. |
- Titarenko, Yu. E., et al.
(författare)
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Residual nuclide formation in Pb-206,Pb-207,Pb-208,Pb-nat and Bi-209 induced by 0.04-2.6 GeV protons as well as in Fe-56 induced by 0.3-2.6 GeV protons
- 2008
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR DATA FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL 2, PROCEEDINGS. - Les Ulis, France : E D P SCIENCES. ; , s. 1099-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work is aimed at experimental determination of independent and cumulative yields of radioactive residual product nuclei in the intermediate energy proton-irradiated thin targets made of highly isotopic enriched and natural lead (Pb-206,Pb-207,Pb-208,Pb-nat), bismuth (Bi-209), and highly isotopic enriched iron (Fe-56). 5972 independent and cumulative yields of radioactive residuals nuclei have been measured in 55 thin Pb and Bi targets irradiated by 0.04, 0.07, 0.10, 0.15, 0.25, 0.6, 0.8, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, and 2.6 GeV protons. Besides, 219 yields have been measured in 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.6 GeV proton-irradiated Fe target. In both cases, the protons were extracted from the ITEP U-10 synchrotron. The measured data are compared with experimental results obtained elsewhere and with theoretical calculations by seven codes. The predictive power was found to be different for each of the codes tested, but was satisfactory on the whole in the case of spallation products. At the same time, none of the codes can describe well the product yields throughout the whole product mass range, and all codes must be further improved.
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