| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- de Jong, Marjanna
(författare)
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Rummets grammatik
- 2008
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Ingår i: Pedagogiska Magasinet. - : Lärarförbundet. - 1401-3320. ; :Nr 1, 2008, s. 28-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 4. |
- Hayes, Matthew, et al.
(författare)
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On the narrowband detection properties of high-redshift Lyman-alpha emitters
- 2006
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Ingår i: Astronomy & Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 460:3, s. 681-694
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Numerous surveys are currently underway or planned that aim to exploit the strengths of the Lyman-alpha emission line for cosmological purposes. Today, narrowband imaging surveys are frequently used as a probe of the distant universe.Aims: To investigate the reliability of the results of such high-z Lyα studies, and the validity of the conclusions that are based upon them. To determine whether reliable Lyα fluxes (FLyα) and equivalent widths (WLyα) can be estimated from narrowband imaging surveys and whether any observational biases may be present.Methods: We have developed software to simulate the observed line and continuum properties of synthetic Lyα galaxies in the distant universe by adopting various typical observational survey techniques. This was used to investigate how detected FLyα and WLyα vary with properties of the host galaxy or intergalactic medium: internal dust reddening; intervening Lyα absorption systems; the presence of underlying stellar populations.Results: None of the techniques studied are greatly susceptible to underlying stellar populations or the relative contribution of nebular gas. We find that techniques that use one off-line filter on the red side of Lyα result in highly inaccurate measurements of WLyα under all tests. Adopting two off-line filters to estimate continuum at Lyα is an improvement but is still unreliable when dust extinction is considered. Techniques that employ single narrow- and broad-band filters with the same central wavelength are not susceptible to internal dust, but Lyα absorption in the IGM can cause WLyα to be overestimated by factors of up to 2: at z=6, the median WLyα is overestimated by ~25%. The most robust approach is a SED fitting technique that fits EB-V and burst-age from synthetic models - broadband observations are needed that sample the UV continuum slope, 2175 Å dust feature, and the 4000 Å discontinuity. We also notice a redshift-dependent incompleteness that results from DLA systems close to the target LAEs, amounting to ˜ 10% at z=6.
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| 5. |
- Ivanov, Konstantin I, et al.
(författare)
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Phosphorylation of the potyvirus capsid protein by protein kinase CK2 and its relevance for virus infection.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Plant Cell. - 1040-4651. ; 15:9, s. 2124-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We reported previously that the capsid protein (CP) of Potato virus A (PVA) is phosphorylated both in virus-infected plants and in vitro. In this study, an enzyme that phosphorylates PVA CP was identified as the protein kinase CK2. The alpha-catalytic subunit of CK2 (CK2alpha) was purified from tobacco and characterized using in-gel kinase assays and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The tobacco CK2alpha gene was cloned and expressed in bacterial cells. Specific antibodies were raised against the recombinant enzyme and used to demonstrate the colocalization of PVA CP and CK2alpha in infected tobacco protoplasts. A major site of CK2 phosphorylation in PVA CP was identified by a combination of mass spectrometric analysis, radioactive phosphopeptide sequencing, and mutagenesis as Thr-242 within a CK2 consensus sequence. Amino acid substitutions that affect the CK2 consensus sequence in CP were introduced into a full-length infectious cDNA clone of PVA tagged with green fluorescent protein. Analysis of the mutant viruses showed that they were defective in cell-to-cell and long-distance movement. Using in vitro assays, we demonstrated that CK2 phosphorylation inhibited the binding of PVA CP to RNA, suggesting a molecular mechanism of CK2 action. These results suggest that the phosphorylation of PVA CP by CK2 plays an important regulatory role in virus infection.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Ivanov, Maxim A., et al.
(författare)
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Preparation and structural organisation of heteroleptic tetraphenylantimony(V) complexes comprising unidentately and bidentately coordinated O,O'-dialkyldithiophosphate groups : multinuclear (C-13 P-31) CP/MAS NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies
- 2007
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Ingår i: Inorganica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-1693 .- 1873-3255. ; 360:9, s. 2897-2904
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- O,O′-dipropyldithiophosphate and O,O′-di-iso-butyldithiophosphate (Dtph) tetraphenylantimony(V) complexes of the general formula [Sb(C6H5)4{S2P(OR)2}] (R = C3H7, i-C4H9) were prepared and studied by means of 13C, 31P CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Distorted octahedral and trigonal bipyramidal molecular structures have been established for prepared complexes. These unexpected structural distinctions between chemically related compounds are defined by the principally different coordination modes of O,O′-dipropyldithiophosphate and O,O′-di-iso-butyldithiophosphate ligands in their molecular structures (i.e., S,S′-bidentate chelating and S-unidentately coordinated, respectively). To characterise quantitatively phosphorus sites in both species of dithiophosphate ligands, 31P chemical shift anisotropy parameters (δaniso and η) were calculated from spinning sideband manifolds in MAS NMR spectra. The 31P chemical shift tensors for the bidentate chelating and unidentately coordinated dithiophosphate ligands display a profoundly rhombic and nearly axially symmetric characters, respectively.
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| 9. |
- Ivanov, M.A., et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis, structure, and 13C and 31P CP/MAS NMR of the tetraphenylantimony(V) di-iso-propyl phosphorodithioate complex [Sb(C6H5)4{S2P(O-iso-C3H7)2}] and its solvated form [Sb(C6H5)4{S2P(O-iso-C3H7)2}] · 1/2C6H6 : an example of the monodentate coordination of dithio ligands
- 2009
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Ingår i: Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. - 0036-0236 .- 1531-8613. ; 54:5, s. 708-716
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The crystalline tetraphenylantimony(V) O,O′-di-iso-propyl phosphorodithioate complex [Sb(C6H5)4{S2P(O-i-C3H7)2}](I) and its solvated form [Sb(C6H5)4{S2P(O-i-C3H7)2}] · 1/2C6H6(II) were synthesized. Solid compounds I and II were studied by MAS NMR (13C, 31P). The 31P NMR chemical shift anisotropy 31P δaniso = (δ zz - δiso) and asymmetry parameter η = (δ yy - δ xx )/(δ zz - δiso) were calculated using χ 2 plots constructed on the basis of the 31P MAS NMR data. The O,O′-di-iso-propyl phosphorodithioate ligands in both complexes are characterized by predominantly the axially symmetric 31P chemical shift tensor (for the case δ zz < δ xx ≈ δ yy ) with close values of anisotropy parameters (δaniso and η), which reflects their identical S-monodentate structural function. X-ray crystallography showed that II has a trigonal-bipyramidal molecular structure with the uncommon monodentate coordination of the Dtph ligands through an S atom in an axial position of the trigonal bipyramid and the benzene molecule in the outer sphere.
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| 10. |
- Ivanov, M.A., et al.
(författare)
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The diethyl dithiophosphate complex of tetraphenylantimony(V) and its solvated form, [Sb(C6H5)(4){S2P(OC2H5)(2)}] center dot 1/2 C6H6: Synthesis, crystal structure, and C-13, P-31 CP/MAS NMR study : an example of monodentate coordination of dithio ligands
- 2013
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Ingår i: Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. - 0036-0236 .- 1531-8613. ; 58:2, s. 197-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The O,O'-diethyl dithiophosphate complex of tetraphenylantimony(V) [Sb(C6H5)(4){S2P(OC2H5)(2)}] (I) and its benzene-solvated form I center dot 1/2C(6)H(6) (II) were synthesized and studied by high-resolution solid-state C-13 and P-31 NMR (MAS NMR). The diethyl dithiophosphate (Dtph) groups in I and II were quantitatively characterized by the P-31 chemical shift anisotropy (delta(aniso)), the asymmetry parameter (eta), and the principal values of chemical shift tensors (delta (xx) , delta (yy) , delta (zz) ). The calculation of the anisotropy parameters included construction of chi(2) statistic diagrams from full P-31 MAS NMR spectra. In both complexes, the Dtph groups were found to have mainly axially symmetric P-31 chemical shift tensors (for delta (zz) < delta (xx) a parts per thousand delta (yy) ) with similar anisotropy parameters (delta(aniso) and eta), which is due to their identical S-monodentate function. According to X-ray diffraction data, II has a trigonal bipyramidal (TBP) molecular structure with Smonodentate coordination of Dtph in the TBP axial position and outer-sphere position of the benzene molecule. The desorption of the outer-sphere benzene solvent molecules from structure II, which was noted in MAS NMR experiment, passes through the formation of three intermediate solvated forms with benzene content n < 1/2.
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| 11. |
- Ivanov, Mikhail, et al.
(författare)
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Atomistic Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Lipids Near TiO2 Nanosurfaces
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 125:29, s. 8048-8059
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding of interactions between inorganic nanomaterials and biomolecules, and particularly lipid bilayers, is crucial in many biotechnological and biomedical applications, as well as for the evaluation of possible toxic effects caused by nanoparticles. Here, we present a molecular dynamics study of adsorption of two important constituents of the cell membranes, 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (POPE), lipids to a number of titanium dioxide planar surfaces, and a spherical nanoparticle under physiological conditions. By constructing the number density profiles of the lipid headgroup atoms, we have identified several possible binding modes and calculated their relative prevalence in the simulated systems. Our estimates of the adsorption strength, based on the total fraction of adsorbed lipids, show that POPE binds to the selected titanium dioxide surfaces stronger than DMPC, due to the ethanolamine group forming hydrogen bonds with the surface. Moreover, while POPE shows a clear preference toward anatase surfaces over rutile, DMPC has a particularly high affinity to rutile(101) and a lower affinity to other surfaces. Finally, we study how lipid concentration, addition of cholesterol, as well as titanium dioxide surface curvature may affect overall adsorption.
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| 12. |
- Ivanov, Mikhail, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Broadcast coded slotted ALOHA: A finite frame length analysis
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Communications. - 0090-6778 .- 1558-0857. ; 65:2, s. 651-662
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose an uncoordinated medium access con- trol (MAC) protocol, called all-to-all broadcast coded slotted ALOHA (B-CSA) for reliable all-to-all broadcast with strict latency constraints. In B-CSA, each user acts as both transmitter and receiver in a half-duplex mode. The half-duplex mode gives rise to a double unequal error protection (DUEP) phenomenon: the more a user repeats its packet, the higher the probability that this packet is decoded by other users, but the lower the probability for this user to decode packets from others. We analyze the performance of B-CSA over the packet erasure channel for a finite frame length. In particular, we provide a general analysis of stopping sets for B-CSA and derive an analytical approximation of the performance in the error floor (EF) region, which captures the DUEP feature of B-CSA. Simulation results reveal that the proposed approximation predicts very well the performance of B-CSA in the EF region. Finally, we consider the application of B- CSA to vehicular communications and compare its performance with that of carrier sense multiple access (CSMA), the current MAC protocol in vehicular networks. The results show that B- CSA is able to support a much larger number of users than CSMA with the same reliability.
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| 13. |
- Ivanov, Mikhail, et al.
(författare)
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Coarse-Grained Modeling Using Neural Networks Trained on Structural Data
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation. - 1549-9618 .- 1549-9626. ; 19:19, s. 6704-6717
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a method of bottom-up coarse-graining, in which interactions within a coarse-grained model are determined by an artificial neural network trained on structural data obtained from multiple atomistic simulations. The method uses ideas of the inverse Monte Carlo approach, relating changes in the neural network weights with changes in average structural properties, such as radial distribution functions. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the method on a system interacting by a Lennard-Jones potential modeled by a simple linear network and a single-site coarse-grained model of methanol-water solutions. In the latter case, we implement a nonlinear neural network with intermediate layers trained by atomistic simulations carried out at different methanol concentrations. We show that such a network acts as a transferable potential at the coarse-grained resolution for a wide range of methanol concentrations, including those not included in the training set.
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| 14. |
- Ivanov, M., et al.
(författare)
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Controlled spin of a nonbirefringent droplet trapped in an optical vortex beam
- 2018
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Ingår i: Optics Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0030-4018. ; 427, s. 152-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The spin part of the angular momentum of light can cause a birefringent particle to spin around its axis, while having no effect on a nonbirefringent particle. The orbital part of light's angular momentum, on the other hand, can cause both birefringent and nonbirefringent particles to orbit around the axis of a light beam. In this paper, we demonstrate that nonbirefringent particles can also be made to spin around their axis when trapped in an optical vortex beam. The rotation of the particle depends on the ratio of the size of the particle and the diameter of the laser beam in which the particle is trapped. It can therefore be controlled by varying the position of the particle with respect to the focal point of the laser beam. The rotational frequency can also be controlled by changing the polarization state of the beam, since spin-orbit coupling affects the total angular momentum experienced by the trapped particle. The motion of the trapped particle is detected by a photodiode and a high-speed camera. Most microparticles found in nature are nonbirefringent, and the method presented in this paper will therefore open up new applications for optically induced rotations.
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| 15. |
- Ivanov, Mikhail, 1995-, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a bottom-up coarse-grained model for interactions of lipids with TiO2 nanoparticles
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Computational Chemistry. - 0192-8651 .- 1096-987X. ; 45:16, s. 1364-1379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding interactions of inorganic nanoparticles with biomolecules is important in many biotechnology, nanomedicine, and toxicological research, however, the size of typical nanoparticles makes their direct modeling by atomistic simulations unfeasible. Here, we present a bottom-up coarse-graining approach for modeling titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials in contact with phospholipids that uses the inverse Monte Carlo method to optimize the effective interactions from the structural data obtained in small-scale all-atom simulations of TiO2 surfaces with lipids in aqueous solution. The resulting coarse-grained models are able to accurately reproduce the structural details of lipid adsorption on different titania surfaces without the use of an explicit solvent, enabling significant computational resource savings and favorable scaling. Our coarse-grained simulations show that small spherical TiO2 nanoparticles (?=2 nm) can only be partially wrapped by a lipid bilayer with phosphoethanolamine headgroups, however, the lipid adsorption increases with the radius of the nanoparticle. The current approach can be used to study the effect of the size and shape of TiO2 nanoparticles on their interactions with cell membrane lipids, which can be a determining factor in membrane wrapping as well as the recently discovered phenomenon of nanoquarantining, which involves the formation of layered nanomaterial–lipid structures.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Ivanov, Mikhail F., et al.
(författare)
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Ignition of deflagration and detonation ahead of the flame due to radiative preheating of suspended micro particles
- 2015
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Ingår i: Combustion and Flame. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-2180 .- 1556-2921. ; 162:10, s. 3612-3621
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study a flame propagating in the gaseous combustible mixture with suspended inert solid micro particles. The gaseous mixture is assumed to be transparent for thermal radiation emitted by the hot combustion products, while particles absorb and reemit the radiation. Thermal radiation heats the particles, which in turn transfer the heat to the surrounding unburned gaseous mixture by means of thermal heat transfer, so that the gas phase temperature lags that of the particles. We consider different scenarios depending on the spatial distribution of the particles, their size and the number density. In the case of uniform spatial distribution of the particles the radiation causes a modest increase of the temperature ahead of the flame and corresponding modest increase of the combustion velocity. In the case of non-uniform distribution of the particles (layered dust cloud), such that the particles number density is relatively small in the region just ahead of the flame front and increases in the distant regions ahead of the flame, the preheating caused by the thermal radiation may trigger additional independent source of ignition. Far ahead of the flame, where number density of particles increases forming a dense cloud of particles, the radiative preheating results in the formation of a temperature gradient with the maximum temperature sufficient for ignition. Depending on the steepness of the temperature gradient formed in the unburned mixture, either deflagration or detonation can be initiated via the Zel'dovich's gradient mechanism. The ignition and the resulting combustion regimes depend on the number density profile and, correspondingly, on the temperature profile (temperature gradient), which is formed in effect of radiation absorption and gas-dynamic expansion. The effect of radiation preheating as stronger as smaller is the normal flame velocity. The effect of radiation heat transfer in the case of coal dust flames propagating in layered particle-gas deposits cloud can result in the spread of combustion wave with velocity up to 1000 m/s and it is a plausible explanation of the origin of dust explosion in coal mines.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Ivanov, Sergey A., et al.
(författare)
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Perovskite solid solutions La0.75Bi0.25Fe1-xCrxO3 : Preparation, structural, and magnetic properties
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Solid State Chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0022-4596 .- 1095-726X. ; 254, s. 166-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Solid solutions of La0.75Bi0.25Fe1−xCrxO3 (x = 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75) prepared by conventional solid state reaction have been studied by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), neutron powder diffraction (NPD) and magnetic measurements. The NPD and XRPD patterns indicate orthorhombic structure (space group Pnma) for all compositions in the whole temperature range investigated (4–900 K). The lattice parameters of La0.75Bi0.25Fe1−xCrxO3 were found to decrease with the Cr content. It was established that the Fe3+ and Cr3+ cations are randomly positioned at the B-site of the perovskite structure.All samples order antiferromagnetically below transition temperatures that decrease with increasing Cr content, from around 700 K for x = 0.1 to about 300 K for x = 0.75. The antiferromagnetic arrangement of the Fe3+/Cr3+ magnetic moments in the B-site is of G-type along the x-axis (Gx mode) with propagation vector k = (0,0,0) for all concentrations of Cr. Effects of the composition on several structural distortion parameters were investigated and an anomalous variation of the octahedral deformation with Cr content was found. Whilst the overall octahedral deformation varies irregularly with increasing Cr content, the octahedral tilting was found to decrease monotoneously.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Tell, Joakim, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Business Model Innovation in the Agri-food Sector
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development. - Hershey, PA : IGI Global. - 1947-8402. ; 7:2, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to deepen our understanding of what we know about business model innovation in the agri-food sector, both from a theoretical as well as a practical perspective. The methodological approach used in the paper is built on interviews, focus groups and observations of agricultural entrepreneurs and agricultural advisors in the agriculture sector and a review of over 500 peer-reviewed research papers for the period 1990-2014. The findings of the study indicate that entrepreneurs within the agri-food sector ought to shift focus from only a producer perspective to also include an entrepreneurial perspective, e.g. to focus on business model innovation. Based on this knowledge the authors present implications for research and practice. The research field is young and broad, but developing, and in need of stronger theoretical foundations. This article is based on a combination of a systematic literature review of a new emerging field as well as empirical in-depth interviews, focus groups and observations. © 2016, IGI Global.
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| 22. |
- Tsatsanis, Christos, et al.
(författare)
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Serum miR-155 as a potential biomarker of male fertility.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 30:4, s. 853-860
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Are serum levels of micro-RNAs miR-155 and miR-146a associated with male fertility, low-grade systemic inflammation (LGSI) and androgens?
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Review on Dimensionless Numbers Relevant for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
- 2016
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Ingår i: ECS Transactions. - : The Electrochemical Society. - 1938-6737 .- 1938-5862. ; 75:14, s. 547-552
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the concern about global warming, air pollution and energy security, the prospect of using polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) in future sustainable and renewable energy conversion systems has achieved substantial momentum. Dimensionless numbers can be determined before construction of a model is started, to make simple estimations on the transport processes, for example, within the porous PEFC GDL. Microstructural parameters, such as tortuosities and contact angles, are frequently treated as fitting parameters used in the respective governing equations, such that unrealistic values could be assumed or properties could not be representative of the corresponding microstructure. This treatment can be avoided if the origin of the expression is clearly clarified and if geometric properties are not used for fitting. Instead, it is recommended to, when needed, introduce parameters, without a geometrical meaning used only for fitting the model to experimental data, such as the pre-exponential factor in the advanced microstructural approach.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Andersson, Manne, et al.
(författare)
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Routine versus selective diagnostic imaging in patients with intermediate probability of acute appendicitis : A randomised controlled multicentre study
- 2015
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundDiagnostic imaging is increasingly used in patients with suspected appendicitis, with increased costs and concerns about exposure to ionising radiation. Indications suggest that routine imaging is associated with a higher detection rate and treatment of potentially resolving appendicitis. The efficiency of routine imaging compared with in-hospital observation and selective imaging is not well studied.MethodsThe proportions of negative appendectomy and treatments for appendicitis are studied in 1068 patients with intermediate suspicion of appendicitis, indicated by an Appendicitis Inflammatory Response (AIR) score sum of five to eight points, randomly allocated by opaque sealed envelopes to early routine diagnostic imaging (Imaging group, n=543) or re-assessment after 4–8 hours inhospital observation followed by selective diagnostic imaging (Observation group, n=525). Some 21 hospitals in Sweden participated in this multicentre study.FindingsThe Imaging and Observation groups had the same proportion of negative appendectomies (6·5% in both, difference 0·03%, CI –3·0%–3·1%, p=0·98) but routine imaging was associated with an increased proportion of patients treated for appendicitis (53·4% vs 46·3%, difference 7·1%, CI 1·0–13·2%, p=0·020). As secondary outcomes, the Imaging group had shorter time to surgery (median 13·7 hours vs 15·5 hours, p<0·01), but no difference in admissions, number of perforations or length of hospital stay.InterpretationPatients with suspected appendicitis and equivocal clinical findings do not benefit from early routine diagnostic imaging compared with re-assessment after observation and selective imaging. The latter is associated with fewer operations for non-perforated appendicitis which supports the hypothesis of resolving appendicitis.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Rural to urban long-distance commuting in Sweden : Trends, characteristics and pathways
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Rural Studies. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0743-0167 .- 1873-1392. ; 59, s. 67-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rise of ICT and the shift toward jobs with more flexibility in working hours and places of work sparked popular debates about potential for a ‘rural renaissance’. A key argument was that there are increasing possibilities to live in the countryside while being employed in large cities. This paper uses data spanning two decades to examine trends in and characteristics of employee–employer ties between rural and urban areas in Sweden. Our main results suggest that rural-to-urban long-distance commuting is rapidly increasing, but not as fast as commuting flows elsewhere. Compared to the rural population at large, rural residents working in large cities constitute a strongly selected group of workers who are well paid, have long educations, are young and also have advanced knowledge-intensive occupations. Only about 30 percent of those who become rural-to-urban long-distance commuters have moved from urban areas; the vast majority constitute those who already lived in rural areas before starting to commute to urban areas. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
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| 30. |
- Andersson, Måns Sverker, et al.
(författare)
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A partly coverable badge signalling avian virus resistance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Zoologica. ; :87, s. 71-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: We investigated whether the sexually selected forehead patch of the collared flycatcher Ficedula albicollis is an honest badge of status indicating quality expressed as immunological response. We used both manual measurements and digital measurements, the latter based on photographs. Badge-size data were collected during the mating period and during the nestling feeding period to capture trait plasticity. Concomitant with first sample collection, birds were inoculated with a novel antigen. Antibody response was strongly and positively correlated with badge expression during the mating period and with the increase in badge expression during the mating period as compared with outside this period. The results support the Hansen and Rohwer theory of coverable badges, are consistent with the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis and with the good genes model suggesting that, on a population level, the expression of secondary sexual traits should be an honest signal positively associated with traits that are beneficial for survival. The results also suggest that manual measurements of this type of secondary sexual trait are sufficiently exact.
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| 31. |
- Andersson, Magnus S.
(författare)
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Capillary electrophoresis methods for the separation of the basic compound lidocaine and its metabolites
- 2003
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- For the separation of the basic compound lidocaine and its metabolites a variety of capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods have been developed. This includes capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) and nonaqueous CE separations. The parameters affecting the separations were investigated and optimized.In CZE reproducible separations were obtained in both un-coated and polyacrylamide-coated fused silica capillaries using a TFA/TEA electrolyte at pH 2.5.The MEKC method: a low pH phosphate/Tris buffer containing the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was successfully validated in human plasma.A couple of nonaqueous methods were developed. One of the methods 70 mM ammonium formate and 2 M formic acid in acetonitrile/methanol (60:40 v/v) was used for capillary electrophoresis-electrospray mass spectrometry analysis. Reproducible determinations in human plasma were obtained. The sensitivity was improved compared to UV. The detection limits for lidocaine and the metabolites monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) and glycinexylidide (GX) were 69 nM, 130 nM and 337 nM respectively. Parameters such as sheath liquid composition, nebulizing gas pressure and drying gas temperature were considered.The results show that CE is a simple and powerful technique for the separation of basic compounds.
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| 32. |
- Andersson, Måns Sverker
(författare)
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Gendering animals : Representation, identification and the demise of simplicity
- 2006
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Ingår i: NIKK magasin. - 1502-1521. ; :3, s. 12-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Several of Darwins ideas about evolution have taken time permeate in to main stream biology. One of them was the idea about the sexually active female. During the last thirty years androcentrism and schematic thinking on sex has been challenged by gender perspectives and modern behavioral ecology but a lot remains to be done. There is much suggesting that in particular the study and transgression of the boundary between theories on gender and sexual selection might produce surprising counter knowledge.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Anikina, Ekaterina, et al.
(författare)
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High-capacity reversible hydrogen storage properties of metal-decorated nitrogenated holey graphenes
- 2022
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Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 47:19, s. 10654-10664
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motivated by the need for an effective way of storing hydrogen (H-2), a promising energy carrier, we have performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations with different van der Waals corrections coupled with the statistical thermodynamic analysis and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) on the light-metal decorated nitrogenated holey graphene (C2N) monolayers. We have found that the decoration by selected light metals (Na, Mg, Ca) improves the H2 adsorption on the C2N to the desired levels (> 150 meV/H-2). Moreover, the metal dopants strongly bonded with C2N even at higher doping concentrations, which invalidates the metal clusters formation. Among considered metals, Na and Mg resulted in H-2 storage capacities of 5.5 and 6.9 wt%, respectively, which exceed the target set by the U.S. Department of Energy's for 2025. Thermodynamic analysis and the AIMD simulations were employed to investigate the H-2 sorption at varied conditions of temperature and pressure for practical applications.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Barhoumi, Ahmad, et al.
(författare)
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Painlevé-III Monodromy Maps Under the D6 → D8 Confluence and Applications to the Large-Parameter Asymptotics of Rational Solutions
- 2024
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Ingår i: Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry. - : SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Application). - 1815-0659. ; 20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The third Painlevé equation in its generic form, often referred to as Painlevé-III(D6), is given by [Formula Presented] Starting from a generic initial solution u0 (x) corresponding to parameters α, β, denoted as the triple (u0 (x), α, β), we apply an explicit Bäcklund transformation to generate a family of solutions (un (x), α + 4n, β + 4n) indexed by n ∈ N. We study the large n behavior of the solutions (un (x), α + 4n, β + 4n) under the scaling x = z/n in two different ways: (a) analyzing the convergence properties of series solutions to the equation, and (b) using a Riemann–Hilbert representation of the solution un (z/n). Our main result is a proof that the limit of solutions un (z/n) exists and is given by a solution of the degenerate Painlevé-III equation, known as Painlevé-III(D8), [Formula Presented]. z A notable application of our result is to rational solutions of Painlevé-III(D6), which are constructed using the seed solution (1, 4m, −4m) where m ∈ C\(Z +12) and can be written as a particular ratio of Umemura polynomials. We identify the limiting solution in terms of both its initial condition at z = 0 when it is well defined, and by its monodromy data in the general case. Furthermore, as a consequence of our analysis, we deduce the asymptotic behavior of generic solutions of Painlevé-III, both D6 and D8 at z = 0. We also deduce the large n behavior of the Umemura polynomials in a neighborhood of z = 0.
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| 37. |
- Basile, Ivano, et al.
(författare)
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Shedding light on dark bubble cosmology
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : Springer. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; :2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dark bubble cosmology is an alternative paradigm to compactification, which can circumvent issues of moduli stabilization and scale separation. In this paper we investigate how electromagnetic fields can be incorporated in this framework. Worldvolume fields backreact on the ambient universe in which the bubble expands, which in turn affects the energy-momentum distribution and the effective gravity induced on the brane. We compute these effects, showing that the resulting four-dimensional cosmology consistently includes electromagnetic waves.
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| 38. |
- Beral, V, et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol, tobacco and breast cancer - collaborative reanalysis of individual data from 53 epidemiological studies, including 58515 women with breast cancer and 95067 women without the disease
- 2002
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1532-1827 .- 0007-0920. ; 87, s. 1234-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alcohol and tobacco consumption are closely correlated and published results on their association with breast cancer have not always allowed adequately for confounding between these exposures. Over 80% of the relevant information worldwide on alcohol and tobacco consumption and breast cancer were collated, checked and analysed centrally. Analyses included 58515 women with invasive breast cancer and 95067 controls from 53 studies. Relative risks of breast cancer were estimated, after stratifying by study, age, parity and, where appropriate, women's age when their first child was born and consumption of alcohol and tobacco. The average consumption of alcohol reported by controls from developed countries was 6.0 g per day, i.e. about half a unit/drink of alcohol per day, and was greater in ever-smokers than never-smokers, (8.4 g per day and 5.0 g per day, respectively). Compared with women who reported drinking no alcohol, the relative risk of breast cancer was 1.32 (1.19 - 1.45, P < 0.00001) for an intake of 35 - 44 g per day alcohol, and 1.46 (1.33 - 1.61, P < 0.00001) for greater than or equal to 45 g per day alcohol. The relative risk of breast cancer increased by 7.1% (95% CI 5.5-8.7%; P<0.00001) for each additional 10 g per day intake of alcohol, i.e. for each extra unit or drink of alcohol consumed on a daily basis. This increase was the same in ever-smokers and never-smokers (7.1 % per 10 g per day, P < 0.00001, in each group). By contrast, the relationship between smoking and breast cancer was substantially confounded by the effect of alcohol. When analyses were restricted to 22 255 women with breast cancer and 40 832 controls who reported drinking no alcohol, smoking was not associated with breast cancer (compared to never-smokers, relative risk for ever-smokers= 1.03, 95% CI 0.98 - 1.07, and for current smokers=0.99, 0.92 - 1.05). The results for alcohol and for tobacco did not vary substantially across studies, study designs, or according to 15 personal characteristics of the women; nor were the findings materially confounded by any of these factors. If the observed relationship for alcohol is causal, these results suggest that about 4% of the breast cancers in developed countries are attributable to alcohol. In developing countries, where alcohol consumption among controls averaged only 0.4 g per day, alcohol would have a negligible effect on the incidence of breast cancer. In conclusion, smoking has little or no independent effect on the risk of developing breast cancer; the effect of alcohol on breast cancer needs to be interpreted in the context of its beneficial effects, in moderation, on cardiovascular disease and its harmful effects on cirrhosis and cancers of the mouth, larynx, oesophagus and liver. (C) 2002 Cancer Research UK.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Broth, Mathias, 1965-
(författare)
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Sur l'analyse quantitative des actions sociales : le cas de 'prévenir'
- 2006
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Ingår i: Construction, acquisition et communication. - Stockholm : Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis. - 9185445495 ; , s. 273-291
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Le présent volume constitue un temoignage des fructueuses relations internationales établies à l'Université de Stockholm. Il contient quatorze articles écrits par des specialistes venant de Belgique, de France, de Norvège et de Suède. Ces articles portent sur une grande variété de paroles contemporaines et couvrent trois domaines des sciences du langage: ceux de la syntaxe et de la sémantique (1), de l'acquisition des langues (2) et de l'analyse du discours (3). Ainsi les articles réunis dans ce volume représentent-ils un vaste champ de recherches et soulèvent de nombreuses questions interessantes. La plupart se basent sur des matériaux écrits : des textes litteraires, scientifiques, joumalistiques et publicitaires, mais aussi sur quelques échantillons de la langue parlee: des enregistrements d'émissions télévisées, des interviews et des récits oraux. Grâce à ces matériaux, de langue française pour la plupart, et relevant aussi bien de la langue soutenue que de la langue informelle, les auteurs peuvent tirer des conclusions sur les caractéristiques linguistiques de différents genres textuels. Les auteurs mènent également d'importantes discussions théoriques et terminologiques et présentent des analyses de phénomènes langagiers observables à différents niveaux d'emploi de la langue écrite et de la langue parlée
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Chantzi, Efthymia, et al.
(författare)
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Exhaustive in vitro evaluation of the 9-drug cocktail CUSP9 for treatment of glioblastoma using COMBImageDL
-
Ingår i: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. - 1535-7163 .- 1538-8514.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The CUSP9 protocol (aprepitant, auranofin, captopril, celecoxib, disulfiram, itraconazole, minocycline, quetiapine, sertraline) is currently undergoing a clinical trial as add-on treatment to standard-of-care temozolomide for recurrent glioblastoma. Although the theoretical repurposing rationale of this 9-drug cocktail is well defined, there is no in vitro experimental data yet supporting its superiority over all its plausible subsets. Such an exhaustive in vitro evaluation may provide preliminary evidence of whether only a fraction of all 9 drugs is needed to achieve an equivalent or even higher effect. Such information could be further used to guide and optimize individualized glioblastoma therapy selection both in terms of efficacy and adverse effects.Here, we employed COMBImageDL, a deep learning improved version of our recently developed COMBImage2 framework, to design, perform and analyze an exhaustive in vitro experiment of the CUSP9 protocol. More specifically, all 511 plausible subsets were evaluated as add-on treatment to temozolomide on a drug resistant glioblastoma cell line (M059K), by combining endpoint cell viability analysis and quantitative live-cell imaging. The experiment was performed in quadruplicate (eight 384-well plates, > 100GB of image data). Fixed clinically achievable concentrations were used for all drugs.Our results suggest that only disulfiram from the CUSP9 cocktail is required, together with temozolomide, in order to induce major changes in cell viability, confluence and morphology. Only slightly increased effects were observed by a few unique higher-order subsets of the CUSP9 protocol, which also contained disulfiram. This finding indicates that for the particular glioblastoma cell line used, the whole CUSP9 protocol could in principle be replaced solely with disulfiram. Notably, it may be worth testing in vitro the few slightly more potent higher-order subsets on primary patient derived glioblastoma cells. This work demonstrates the feasibility and potential of performing exhaustive in vitro evaluation of higher-order drug cocktails prior to subsequent assessment for clinical use. Although the experimental in vitro disease models are not optimal, they can still pinpoint which among all plausible subsets should be further considered. From a personalized therapy selection perspective, in vitro sensitivity testing of primary patient derived tumor cells could thereby advance from the current practice based on single drugs and only cytotoxicity readouts to also include higher-order drug cocktails and quantitative live-cell imaging.
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| 47. |
- Chi, Jinshu
(författare)
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Estimating Biomass and Yield Using METRIC Evapotranspiration and Simple Growth Algorithms
- 2019
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Ingår i: Agronomy Journal. - : Wiley. - 0002-1962 .- 1435-0645. ; 111, s. 536-544
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Crop models are used to assess crop yield under prescribed scenarios and at scales varying from point to field to region and beyond. The use of models to evaluate the performance of agricultural systems, as they exist in the real world, can be challenging and plagued with constraints. This is due to the difficulty in characterizing the spatial variability across the landscape of crops, soils, weather, management, miscellaneous stress factors, and the initial state of the system. We propose the use of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) estimated from remote sensing images and simple crop growth-transpiration algorithms as an alternative to the use of standalone crop models for real-world yield assessment. In this study, we combined ETa estimates from METRIC (Mapping Evapotranspiration at High Resolution with Internalized Calibration) with simple crop growth algorithms extracted from the CropSyst model to estimate biomass production and yield at high resolution (30 by 30 m). We tested this approach in four dryland agriculture sites in eastern Washington State with contrasting annual precipitation. All sites were equipped with an eddy covariance flux tower for ground ETa estimation. The proposed approach was able to provide good estimates of ETa, seasonal change of aboveground biomass and yields at all sites when compared with observations for a 3-year period, collectively including five different annual crops. Because estimations are made at high resolution, they can be scaled up to field or regional scales. Advantages and limitations of the proposed approach are discussed.
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| 48. |
- Choudhry, Vikas, et al.
(författare)
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Patterns of alcohol consumption and risky sexual behavior: a cross-sectional study among Ugandan university students.
- 2014
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As reflected in elevated rates of sexually transmitted infections, there is a high prevalence of risky sexual behavior among Ugandan university students. It has been assumed that alcohol contributes to risky sexual behavior. However, perhaps owing to methodological issues, this relationship has found only mixed support in empirical research. The present study analyzes the association between alcohol use and risky sexual behavior at the global, situational, and event level among Uganda university students with sexual experience.
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| 49. |
- Choudhry, Vikas
(författare)
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Trading in sexual currency: Transactional sex, sexual coercion and sexual behaviours among young people in Uganda
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The growing incidence and prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among young people, particularly HIV, is a public health concern in Uganda. There is increasing evidence that Ugandan youth engage in risky sexual behaviors, transactional sex, and experience sexual coercion. Most research on sexual behaviors has been limited to inter- and intra-personal factors that influence sexual behaviors. Prior research on transactional sex has often concentrated only on young girls, their motivations for receiving gifts, money, or favors in exchange for sex along with unsafe sex and sexual coercion due to power differential in such relationships. The general aim of this thesis was to gain a detailed understanding of the range of ecological factors that influence HIV-related sexual risk behaviors among the youth in Uganda, with a special focus on transactional sex. The findings of this thesis can help inform evidence-based interventions that are locally relevant and culturally adaptable in order to prevent the spread of HIV among Ugandan youth. The thesis is based on a mixed-method approach that includes quantitative cross-sectional and qualitative studies. Data was obtained from a questionnaire study conducted in 2010 among university students in Uganda (Studies 1 and 2); qualitative focus group discussions with students at a Ugandan university in 2014 (Study 3); and a nationally representative population-based survey of HIV sero-status carried out in 2011 (Study 4). Logistic regression was used as the main tool for analysis in the cross-sectional studies, while grounded theory was used for analysis of qualitative data. Study 1 revealed that alcohol consumption in relation to sexual activity was associated with such risky sexual behaviors such as multiple sexual relationships and inconsistent condom use with new partners. The findings of Study 2 show that sexual coercion, physical violence, and mental health were associated to a statistically significant degree with transactional sex among university students in Uganda. The qualitative findings showed that macrosystems such as cultural sexual scripts, gendered sexual scripts, poverty, and globalization influence the contexts in which young people engage in sex, not excluding transactional sex among university students. Finally, Study 4 revealed that among young women, receiving something for sex, and among young men, paying something for sex was associated with multiple concurrent relationships. Moreover, HIV positive sero-status was significantly associated with paying for sex among young men. The findings of this thesis suggest that there is need for HIV interventions, which address the multiple factors that influence sexual behaviors and transactional sex. Both sexes are equally vulnerable to sexual coercion and HIV risks associated with transactional sex, and therefore both should be targeted in intervention programs. A nuanced and flexible approach is needed. Young people should be actively engaged in the design and implementation of interventions that incorporate gender transformative approaches by critically challenging the implicit assumptions about traditional gender norms and socio-cultural factors that promote and facilitate sexual risk behaviors and transactional sex.
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| 50. |
- De Temmerman, G., et al.
(författare)
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Interactions of diamond surfaces with fusion relevant plasmas
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physica scripta. T. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0281-1847 .- 0031-8949 .- 1402-4896. ; T138, s. 014013-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The outstanding thermal properties of diamond and its low reactivity towards hydrogen may make it an attractive plasma-facing material for fusion and calls for a proper evaluation of its behaviour under exposure to fusion-relevant plasma conditions. Micro and nanocrystalline diamond layers, deposited on Mo and Si substrates by hot filament chemical vapour deposition (CVD), have been exposed both in tokamaks and in linear plasma devices to measure the erosion rate of diamond and study the modification of the surface properties induced by particle bombardment. Experiments in Pilot-PSI and PISCES-B have shown that the sputtering yield of diamond (both physical and chemical) was a factor of 2 lower than that of graphite. Exposure to detached plasma conditions in the DIII-D tokamak have evidenced a strong resistance of diamond against erosion under those conditions.
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