| 1. |
- Backlund, Ingegerd, et al.
(författare)
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Biorefinery product potentials using tree biomass as feedstock - A survey on opportunities and threats to the new wood products industry
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biomass and Bioenergy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0961-9534 .- 1873-2909. ; 70, s. 207-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A questionnaire survey on the potential of biorefinery products was carried out along with an analysis of energy prices and wood assortments. Electricity production was considered to have the potential for the highest investment return over ten years, followed by solid wood products, bioenergy assortments and textiles. Only pulp and paper were perceived as returning lower potential investment values over the next ten years than over the next five. Of the survey respondents, 95% believed that the value of woody biomass will increase over the next ten years, mainly through its replacement of oil-based products, although there will be problems due to lack of suitable raw material. A wide range of chemical products were described but a greater confidence in more traditional solid fuel products still prevails. Stemwood is the most favored part of the tree with only a few respondents saying that they wanted specific chemicals extracted. The electricity price and wood fuel price were found to be strongly correlated and 91% of respondents said their products would be affected by the electricity price. Electricity prices within OECD countries are expected to increase by 15% from 2011 to 2035, with wood fuel prices increasing by roughly 10% during the same period. Therefore, the electricity price could become a decisive factor in the future use of biomass in biorefineries. Our results suggest that large-scale commercial biorefinery production will soon be possible but new wood assortment classifications are needed that include both fiber properties and chemical properties such as extractive content.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Boman, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Moose Hunting Values in Sweden Now and Two Decades Ago : The Swedish Hunters Revisited
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environmental and Resource Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0924-6460 .- 1573-1502. ; 50:4, s. 515-530
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is based on two national contingent valuation studies dealing with the extent and economic values of hunting in Sweden. The first valuation study was conducted in 1987 and the second in 2006. Both the game resource and the hunter community have undergone changes in the two decades covered by the surveys. An important purpose of the latter survey was to repeat relevant parts of the former one, which created a rare opportunity to compare valuations covering a very long time span. Moose hunting value and its determinants were compared between the two studies, showing that significant changes have taken place. Our analysis suggests caution in using results from old contingent valuation studies for e.g. benefits transfer exercises.
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| 5. |
- Boman, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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The hunting value of game in Sweden: Have changes occurred over recent decades?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 27, s. 669-674
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This short communication deals with the hunting value of all game in Sweden, specifically changes over time in value and value components, and differences between the northern and southern parts of the country. The investigation was based on two mail surveys, one conducted in 1987 and the other in 2006. The results suggested that the gross hunting value and the hunting cost share of this value increased over the two decades. The consumer surplus (net value) share decreased correspondingly, while the recreation share and the meat share of the hunting value were more stable over time. It appeared that in 1987 as well as in 2006 the southern Swedish hunters tended to value their hunting higher than the hunters in northern Sweden, especially when it came to the recreation. The results should be relevant in the context of game management, adaptive game management in particular.
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| 6. |
- Carlsson, Daniel O., et al.
(författare)
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Cooxidant-free TEMPO-mediated oxidation of highly crystalline nanocellulose in water
- 2014
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Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2046-2069. ; 4:94, s. 52289-52298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Selective oxidation of C6 hydroxyls to carboxyls through 2,2,6,6,-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation, where the oxidizing species (TEMPO+) is generated by cooxidants, such as NaBrO, NaClO or NaClO2, has become a popular way to modify the surfaces of nanocellulose fibrils in aqueous solutions. Employing highly crystalline nanocellulose from Cladophora sp. algae we demonstrate that the same degree of oxidation (D.O.) can be achieved within approximately the same time by replacing the cooxidants with electrogeneration of TEMPO+ in a bulk electrolysis setup. The D.O. is controlled by the oxidation time and the maximum D.O. achieved (D.O. 9.8%, 0.60 mmol g-1 of carboxylic acids and 0 mmol g-1 aldehydes) corresponds to complete oxidation of the surface-confined C6. This shows that TEMPO+ is not sterically hindered from completely oxidizing the fibril surface of Cladophora nanocellulose, in contrast to earlier hypotheses that were based on results with wood-derived nanocellulose. The oxidation does not significantly affect the morphology, the specific surface area (>115 m2 g-1) or the pore characteristics of the water-insoluble fibrous particles that were obtained after drying, but depolymerization corresponding to ∼20% was observed. For extensive oxidation times, the product recovery of water-insoluble fibrils decreased significantly while significant amounts of charge passed through the system. This could indicate that the oxidation proceeds beyond the fibril surface, in contrast to the current view that TEMPO-mediated oxidation is confined only to the surface.
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| 7. |
- Carlsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptiv förvaltning
- 2010
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Ingår i: Vilt, människa, samhälle. - Stockholm : Liber. - 9789147094189 ; , s. 227-239
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Ericsson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Viltet och människan
- 2010
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Ingår i: Vilt, människa, samhälle. - 9789147094189 ; , s. 169-182
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 9. |
- Ezebilo, Eugene Ejike, et al.
(författare)
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Contribution of non-timber forest products to livelihoods of communities in southeast Nigeria
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1350-4509 .- 1745-2627. ; 17, s. 231-235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the value of non-timber forest products (NTFP) and their determinants in communities in the vicinity of the Okwangwo Division of the Cross River National Park, Nigeria. The data for this study were generated from personal interviews conducted in three villages located near the buffer area of the national park. The study showed that income from NTFP was almost 13% of the total annual income of the respondents. Income from NTFP was influenced by factors such as income from non-traditional employment, the distance of respondents' residences to the park, income from farming and age. The results suggest that a shift from primarily subsistence to a more of cash economy may lead to unsustainable exploitation of NTFP.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Ezebilo, Eugene Ejike, et al.
(författare)
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Socio-economic benefits of protected areas as perceived by local people around Cross River National Park, Nigeria
- 2010
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Ingår i: Forest Policy and Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1389-9341 .- 1872-7050. ; 12, s. 189-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main objectives of a national park are environmental and biodiversity conservation. However, in most developing nations local people who reside at the vicinity of the park expect that it should also contribute to the social and economic well-being of the people. This paper examines the contribution of the Okwangwo Division of the Cross River National Park, Nigeria, to the provision of various types of infrastructure and income from tourism. Personal interviews were conducted in 150 households in three villages around the park. The study showed that the park has contributed to the provision of infrastructure. Some of the projects, undertaken by the park management, appear to be capital intensive both in the short and long term, thus, risking to make them unsustainable. The results revealed that only one of the villages in the study area benefits from the income from tourism. We suggest that simple, non-capital intensive and sustainable developmental projects should be undertaken. The tourism sector of the local economy should be developed to make income from tourism attractive for more of the local people. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Fredman, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Economic values in the Swedish nature-based recreation sector : a synthesis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Tourism Economics. - London : IP Publishing. - 1354-8166 .- 2044-0375. ; 18:4, s. 903-910
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research synthesis reports the main findings from a review of economic values associated with nature-based recreation in Sweden. The purpose of the work was to support policy and to identify areas for future research. Data came from over 150 scientific publications and other public sources. The authors find inter alia a lack of systematic data for several recreation activities (including naturebased tourism), a significant growth in the outdoor equipment industry and a relatively modest economic involvement by the public sector. The information is structured under different categories to illustrate the significance and range of different economic values. The authors conclude that there is a need for more comprehensive and systematically collected data, methodological development and interdisciplinary research.
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| 15. |
- Helldin, Jan Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Viltet i samhället
- 2010
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Ingår i: Vilt, människa, samhälle. - 9789147094189 ; , s. 135-168
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Mattsson, Erik, 1980-
(författare)
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Rättens iscensättning : rum, framträdanden, gränser
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation studies legal practice and representation from the perspective of Theatre- and Performance Studies. It aims to describe and analyse the theatrical, ritualistic and spatial aspects of law, its practices, representations and buildings. More specifically, the dissertation explores the trial as a performance.Cultural as well as artistic performances are explicitly structured. Trials, theatre performances, religious rituals, military parades and political demonstrations all raise a boundary that shuts out what is not part of the performance ("life", "the everyday"). Performances also depend on and create an inner order; they structure the social and material space and produce roles and hierarchies among the participants. The dissertation analyses the ways in which the trial in the lower level court in Sweden produces and maintains these outer and inner boundaries. How does law and legal practice produce frames, boundaries and spaces? How, when and as what does law appear? And what is made to appear in front of or under the law? By approaching the legal practice with a theatrical and performative terminology, the trial comes forth as more than a legal process; it appears as a performative, cultural and social event. The study focuses on the courtroom as a space where power is exercised and produced. It is not only the legal power of the judgment that is exercised, but also other forms of power. The court creates, communicates and sustains its authority in the courtroom by using performative, theatrical and ritual techniques of power. In making these different kinds of power techniques visible, the dissertation exemplifies the strength of a performance perspective. By using a terminology and a way of thinking from the study of performing arts, new knowledge of the trial as a performance is produced.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Mattsson, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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More or less moose: how is the hunting value affected?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 29, s. 170-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, management of moose is important due to considerable values as well as costs associated with this game species. An overarching question is how much moose Sweden should have. This short communication is delimited to the question of what the hunting value of moose is and what the hunting value would be given alternative levels of moose population density and allowed harvest. It is based on data from a mail contingent valuation survey that involved randomly selected hunters from a national register. The results showed that moose was the economically most important game species in Swedish hunting. The results also suggested that the hunting value would increase, but at a decreasing rate, if the moose population density and allowed harvest were increased - and vice versa. The findings should be of considerable interest in the context of adaptive moose management.
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| 20. |
- Mattsson, Magnus, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Fan pressurization method for measuring air leakage in churches – wind and stack induced uncertainties
- 2013
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Ingår i: Conference proceedings: Cultural heritage preservation – 3rd European Workshop on Cultural Heritage Preservation. - 9788888307268 ; , s. 63-68
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The air leakage of the building envelope of ancient churches and other historical and monumental buildings has impact on energy consumption, thermal comfort, humidity and indoor surface soiling. To measure the air leakage in such large and naturally ventilated single-zone buildings is however challenging, especially due to wind and buoyancy (stack) induced disturbances. This study describes experiences in this regard, attainedat field tests where the fan pressurization technique (“Blower door”) was employed. Reference is made to the European test standard EN 13829. Also results of wind-tunnel tests are utilized. It is shown that both buoyancy and wind at commonly occurring conditions can cause significant uncertainty in fan pressurization tests, and that some of the directions in the standard might need to be strengthened or amended. While the uncertainty in measured air leakage rate at the standard (high) pressure of 50 Pa may be small, the predictions of the air leakage rate occurring at realistically (low) indoor-outdoor pressures tend to suffer from significant uncertainty. That uncertainty is then conveyed to later utilizations of the test results, e.g. building energy modeling and prediction. It is also shown that the wind induced pressure at buildings like churches extends a considerable way out into the surroundings of the building; in the order of two times the building height. This has particular importance when choosing a reference point for outdoorpressure measurement.
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| 21. |
- Mattsson, Magnus, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Ventilation filter efficiency for birch pollen allergens : experimental data from one pollen season
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings from Roomvent 2011. - Trondheim : Tapir Akademisk Forlag. - 9788251928120
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an experimental study, ventilation filters of high quality (F7 & F9) were tested regarding their efficiency in collecting birch pollen allergens in outdoor air. The birch pollen grain concentration in outdoor air was measured at the same time as pollen allergen and particle number concentrations were measured before and after the tested ventilation filters, thus enabling collection efficiency calculations. Simultaneously, the size distribution of birch pollen allergens was measured in outdoor air using a cascade impactor. The study confirms previous indications that pollen allergens may occur in outdoor air in particles much smaller than pollen grains, and can penetrate ventilation filters to a larger extent than might be expected. This entails that although the high quality filters collect most of outdoor air pollen allergens, a significant exposure dose to these allergens can occur in the indoor environment, especially when considering the fact most people stay much more indoors than outdoors. The study also confirms previous similar indications attained with grass pollen allergens, in that the allergenic particles tend to penetrate ventilation filters to a greater extent than other airborne particles.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Norman Haldén, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Retention and maternal transfer of brominated dioxins in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and effects on reproduction, aryl hydrocarbon receptor-regulated genes, and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity
- 2011
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Ingår i: Aquatic Toxicology. - Oxford : Elsevier. - 0166-445X .- 1879-1514. ; 102:3-4, s. 150-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Brominated dioxins have recently been detected in Baltic Sea biota. Due to their similarities to the highly toxic chlorinated dioxins, concern has been raised about their potential biological effects. The present study investigated retention and effects of brominated dioxins in adult zebrafish, as well as maternal transfer and effects on offspring. We exposed adult zebrafish for nine weeks via feed to 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzo-p-dioxin (TBDD) or to a mixture of brominated dioxins (Baltic Sea mixture), which was designed to reflect relative concentrations found in Baltic Sea biota. We studied spawning success, gonad morphology, hepatic vitellogenin gene expression, and offspring early life-stage development to investigate effects on zebrafish reproduction. Hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity and hepatic expression of a number of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-regulated genes were studied to investigate if the brominated dioxins can activate gene transcription through the AHR pathway in zebrafish. In addition, glutathione reductase activity and expression of genes involved in adaptive responses to intracellular stress were studied to investigate potential stress effects of brominated dioxins. After nine weeks of exposure, all brominated dioxins spiked to the feed were detected in female fish and transferred to eggs. Exposure to the Baltic Sea mixture and TBDD clearly induced AHR-regulated genes and EROD activity. Exposure to TBDD reduced spawning success, altered ovarian morphology and reduced hepatic vitellogenin gene expression, which implies that TBDD has a similar effect pattern as the chlorinated analogue. Overall, our results show that dietary exposure to sublethal concentrations of brominated dioxins may impair reproductive physiology in fish and induce AHR-regulated genes. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 24. |
- Norman, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of outdoor recreation on self-rated human health: comparing three categories of Swedish recreationists
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 25, s. 234-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the relationship between self-rated human health and outdoor recreation, comparing three categories of Swedish outdoor recreationists. Data were obtained from three different surveys, concerning outdoor recreation in all of Sweden, outdoor recreation in southern Swedish forests and hunting in all of Sweden. The influence of outdoor recreation on health was measured by comparing self-rated health in the current situation with a hypothetical situation where the possibility for outdoor recreation was suggested to be removed. The removal resulted in a reduction of average self-rated health in all three samples. The average reduction was significantly different between the samples. The results in this paper suggest that methods usually used in medical research can also be useful in the context of measuring the influence of outdoor recreation on human health.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Sandberg, Mats, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Wind tunnel measurements of pressure distribution on the façade and surrounding ground of a church
- 2011
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Ingår i: Roomvent 2011. - Trondheim, Norge : Tapir Akademisk Forlag. - 9788251928120
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elderly churches have a unique shape with their high towers and long naves. There seems to be few if any reported measurement of pressure distribution on churches. Churches are naturally ventilated buildings and therefore when the wind speed is high the wind becomes an important driving force for ventilation.A model in scale 1:200 was built of a 19th century Swedish church provided with a crawl space. The pressure on the façade of the model was recorded in 42 points. With the aim of studying the ventilation of the church dedicated measuring points were located on windows, doors and in the positions corresponding to the location of the openings in the crawl space. Some field trials were undertaken with the scope of measuring the time history of the static pressure on the façade in some positions corresponding to measuring points on the wind tunnel model. Examples of these measurements are reported in the paper.With the aim of measuring the “region of influence” on the ground caused by the church, also the static pressure on the ground was recorded in the wind tunnel tests. The static pressure on ground was recorded with a pressure plate provided with 400 pressure taps arranged in a quadratic pattern.
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| 28. |
- Sandberg, Mats, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Wind tunnel measurements of pressure distribution on the facade of a church
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proc. EEHB 2011. - Visby : Gotland University Press. - 9789186343118
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elderly churches have a unique shape with their high towers and long naves. There seems to be few if any reported measurement of pressure distribution on churches. Churches are naturally ventilated buildings and therefore when the wind speed is high the wind becomes an important driving force for ventilation. A model in scale 1: 200 was built of a 19th century Swedish church provided with a crawl space.The pressure on the façade of the model was recorded in 42 points. With the aim of studying the ventilation of the church, dedicated measuring points were located on windows, doors and in the positions corresponding to the location of the openings in the crawl space. Some field trials were undertaken with the scope of measuring the time history of the static pressure on the façade in some positions corresponding to measuring points on the wind tunnel model. Examples of these measurements are reported in the paper. With the aim of measuring the “region of influence” on the ground caused by the church, also the static pressure on the ground was recorded in the wind tunnel tests. The static pressure on ground was recorded with a pressure plate provided with 400 pressure taps arranged in a quadratic pattern.
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| 29. |
- van den Bosch, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
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Finding stress relief in a forest
- 2010
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Ingår i: Broadleaved Forests in Southern Sweden: Management for Multiple Goals. - 9781405188869 ; 53:53, s. 33-42
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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