| 1. |
- Brunkwall, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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The Malmö Offspring Study (MOS) : design, methods and first results.
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Nature. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 36, s. 103-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As cardio metabolic disease manifestations tend to cluster in families there is a need to better understand the underlying mechanisms in order to further develop preventive strategies. In fact, genetic markers used in genetic risk scores, important as they are, will not be able alone to explain these family clusters. Therefore, the search goes on for the so called missing heritability to better explain these associations. Shared lifestyle and social conditions in families, but also early life influences may be of importance. Gene-environmental interactions should be explored. In recent years interest has grown for the role of diet-microbiota associations, as microbiota patterns may be shared by family members. In the Malmö Offspring Study that started in 2013, we have so far been able to examine about 4700 subjects (18-71 years) representing children and grandchildren of index subjects from the first generation, examined in the Malmö Diet Cancer Study during 1991 to 1996. This will provide rich data and opportunities to analyse family traits of chronic disease across three generations. We will provide extensive genotyping and phenotyping including cardiovascular and respiratory function, as well as markers of glucose metabolism. In addition, also cognitive function will be assessed. A 4-day online dietary recall will be conducted and gut as well as oral microbiota analysed. The ambition is to provide one of the first large-scale European family studies with individual data across three generations, which could deepen our knowledge about the role of family traits for chronic disease and its underlying mechanisms.
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| 2. |
- Jönsson, D., et al.
(författare)
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Periodontal disease is associated with carotid plaque area: the Malmö Offspring Dental Study (MODS).
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 287:3, s. 301-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Periodontal disease is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) but it is unknown if periodontal disease severity is associated with asymptomatic carotid plaque. The aim of the current population-based, observational study was to investigate if signs of periodontal disease are associated with the occurrence of carotid plaque and total plaque area (TPA). Methods: The Malmö Offspring Study (MOS) is a population-based study. MOS participants underwent a thorough cardiovascular phenotyping, including carotid ultrasonography. The Malmö Offspring Dental Study (MODS) invited participants of MOS for dental examination, including periodontal charting. Multivariable regression models were used to analyse the presence of carotid plaque and TPA in relation to periodontal parameters. Results: In all, 831 MODS participants were recruited, out of which 495 belonged to the children generation with mean age of 53 years, 63% had carotid plaque and 38% had moderate or severe periodontal disease. In models adjusted for CVD risk factors, the OR for having carotid plaque in subjects with vs without periodontal disease was 1.75 (95% CI: 1.11–2.78). In a linear model with TPA as dependent and number of periodontal pockets ≥ 4 mm as independent variable, the adjusted beta-coefficient was 0.34 mm2 (95% CI 0.16–0.52). Conclusion: Individuals within the highest quartile of periodontal pockets are expected to have 9 mm2 larger TPA compared to those without pockets. Our results suggest that intervention studies addressing periodontal disease could be useful for prevention of CVD.
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| 3. |
- Ottosson, Filip, et al.
(författare)
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The inverse association between a fish consumption biomarker and gingival inflammation and periodontitis : A population-based study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 49:4, s. 353-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The metabolite 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid (CMPF) is a fatty fish–intake biomarker. We investigated the association between plasma levels of CMPF in relation to gingival inflammation and periodontitis case definition, as well as the extent and severity variables. Materials and Methods: The Malmö Offspring Study is a population-based study, and the Malmö Offspring Dental Study (MODS) is its dental arm, including periodontal charting. Plasma CMPF was measured using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and studied in relation to periodontal diagnosis and parameters using multivariable linear or logistic regression modelling adjusting for age, sex, education, body mass index, fasting glucose, and smoking. Results: Metabolite data were available for 922 MODS participants. Higher CMPF levels were associated with less gingival inflammation (β = −2.12, p =.002) and lower odds of severe periodontitis (odds ratio [OR] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56 to 0.98). Higher CMPF levels were also associated with more teeth (β = 0.19, p =.001), lower number of periodontal pockets (≥4 mm) (β = −1.07, p =.007), and lower odds of having two or more periodontal pockets of ≥6 mm (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.98) in fully adjusted models. Conclusions: CMPF, a validated biomarker of fatty fish consumption, is associated with less periodontal inflammation and periodontitis. Residual confounding cannot be ruled out, and future studies are warranted.
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| 4. |
- Ottosson, Filip, et al.
(författare)
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The inverse association between a fish consumption biomarker with gingival inflammation and periodontitis : a population-based study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 49:4, s. 353-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The metabolite 3-Carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid (CMPF) is a fatty fish-intake biomarker. We investigated the association between plasma levels of CMPF in relation to gingival inflammation and periodontitis case definition, as well as extent and severity variables.METHODS: The Malmö Offspring Study (MOS) is a population-based study, and the Malmö Offspring Dental Study (MODS) is its dental arm, including periodontal charting. Plasma CMPF was measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and studied in relation to periodontal diagnosis and parameters using multivariable linear or logistic regression modelling adjusting for age, sex, education, BMI, fasting glucose and smoking.RESULTS: Metabolite data were available for 922 MODS participants. Higher CMPF levels were associated with less gingival inflammation (beta -2.12, p=0.002), and lower odds of severe periodontitis (OR 0.74, 95% CI=0.56-0.98). Higher CMPF levels were also associated with more teeth (beta 0.19, p=0.001), lower number of periodontal pockets (>4 mm) (beta -1.07, p=0.007) and lower odds of having two or more >6 mm periodontal pockets (OR 0.80, 95% CI=0.65-0.98) in fully adjusted models.CONCLUSION: CMPF, a validated biomarker of fatty fish consumption, is associated with less periodontal inflammation and periodontitis. Residual confounding cannot be ruled out and future studies are warranted. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Sayols-Baixeras, Sergi, et al.
(författare)
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Streptococcus Species Abundance in the Gut Is Linked to Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis in 8973 Participants From the SCAPIS Cohort
- 2023
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Ingår i: Circulation. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 148:6, s. 459-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Gut microbiota have been implicated in atherosclerotic disease, but their relation with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis is unclear. This study aimed to identify associations between the gut microbiome and computed tomography-based measures of coronary atherosclerosis and to explore relevant clinical correlates.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 8973 participants (50 to 65 years of age) without overt atherosclerotic disease from the population-based SCAPIS (Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study). Coronary atherosclerosis was measured using coronary artery calcium score and coronary computed tomography angiography. Gut microbiota species abundance and functional potential were assessed with shotgun metagenomics sequencing of stool, and associations with coronary atherosclerosis were evaluated with multivariable regression models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. Associated species were evaluated for association with inflammatory markers, metabolites, and corresponding species in saliva.Results: The mean age of the study sample was 57.4 years, and 53.7% were female. Coronary artery calcification was detected in 40.3%, and 5.4% had at least 1 stenosis with >50% occlusion. Sixty-four species were associated with coronary artery calcium score independent of cardiovascular risk factors, with the strongest associations observed for Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus oralis subsp oralis (P<1×10-5). Associations were largely similar across coronary computed tomography angiography-based measurements. Out of the 64 species, 19 species, including streptococci and other species commonly found in the oral cavity, were associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein plasma concentrations, and 16 with neutrophil counts. Gut microbial species that are commonly found in the oral cavity were negatively associated with plasma indole propionate and positively associated with plasma secondary bile acids and imidazole propionate. Five species, including 3 streptococci, correlated with the same species in saliva and were associated with worse dental health in the Malmö Offspring Dental Study. Microbial functional potential of dissimilatory nitrate reduction, anaerobic fatty acid β-oxidation, and amino acid degradation were associated with coronary artery calcium score.Conclusions: This study provides evidence of an association of a gut microbiota composition characterized by increased abundance of Streptococcus spp and other species commonly found in the oral cavity with coronary atherosclerosis and systemic inflammation markers. Further longitudinal and experimental studies are warranted to explore the potential implications of a bacterial component in atherogenesis.
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| 6. |
- Sayols-Baixeras, Sergi, et al.
(författare)
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Streptococcus Species Abundance in the Gut Is Linked to Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis in 8973 Participants From the SCAPIS Cohort
- 2023
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Ingår i: Circulation. - : American Heart Association. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 148:6, s. 459-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Gut microbiota have been implicated in atherosclerotic disease, but their relation with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis is unclear. This study aimed to identify associations between the gut microbiome and computed tomography–based measures of coronary atherosclerosis and to explore relevant clinical correlates.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 8973 participants (50 to 65 years of age) without overt atherosclerotic disease from the population-based SCAPIS (Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study). Coronary atherosclerosis was measured using coronary artery calcium score and coronary computed tomography angiography. Gut microbiota species abundance and functional potential were assessed with shotgun metagenomics sequencing of fecal samples, and associations with coronary atherosclerosis were evaluated with multivariable regression models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. Associated species were evaluated for association with inflammatory markers, metabolites, and corresponding species in saliva.RESULTS: The mean age of the study sample was 57.4 years, and 53.7% were female. Coronary artery calcification was detected in 40.3%, and 5.4% had at least 1 stenosis with >50% occlusion. Sixty-four species were associated with coronary artery calcium score independent of cardiovascular risk factors, with the strongest associations observed for Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus oralis subsp oralis (P<1×10–5). Associations were largely similar across coronary computed tomography angiography–based measurements. Out of the 64 species, 19 species, including streptococci and other species commonly found in the oral cavity, were associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein plasma concentrations, and 16 with neutrophil counts. Gut microbial species that are commonly found in the oral cavity were negatively associated with plasma indole propionate and positively associated with plasma secondary bile acids and imidazole propionate. Five species, including 3 streptococci, correlated with the same species in saliva and were associated with worse dental health in the Malmö Offspring Dental Study. Microbial functional potential of dissimilatory nitrate reduction, anaerobic fatty acid β-oxidation, and amino acid degradation were associated with coronary artery calcium score.CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence of an association of a gut microbiota composition characterized by increased abundance of Streptococcus spp and other species commonly found in the oral cavity with coronary atherosclerosis and systemic inflammation markers. Further longitudinal and experimental studies are warranted to explore the potential implications of a bacterial component in atherogenesis.
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| 7. |
- Baldanzi, Gabriel, et al.
(författare)
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OSA Is Associated With the Human Gut Microbiota Composition and Functional Potential in the Population-Based Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chest. - : Elsevier. - 0012-3692 .- 1931-3543. ; 164:2, s. 503-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-breathing disorder linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Intermittent hypoxia and intermittent airway obstruction, hallmarks of OSA, have been shown in animal models to induce substantial changes to the gut microbiota composition and subsequent transplantation of fecal matter to other animals induced changes in blood pressure and glucose metabolism.RESEARCH QUESTION: Does obstructive sleep apnea in adults associate with the composition and metabolic potential of the human gut microbiota?STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We used respiratory polygraphy data from up to 3,570 individuals aged 50-64 from the population-based Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study combined with deep shotgun metagenomics of fecal samples to identify cross-sectional associations between three OSA parameters covering apneas and hypopneas, cumulative sleep time in hypoxia and number of oxygen desaturation events with gut microbiota composition. Data collection about potential confounders was based on questionnaires, on-site anthropometric measurements, plasma metabolomics, and linkage with the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register.RESULTS: We found that all three OSA parameters were associated with lower diversity of species in the gut. Further, the OSA-related hypoxia parameters were in multivariable-adjusted analysis associated with the relative abundance of 128 gut bacterial species, including higher abundance of Blautia obeum and Collinsela aerofaciens. The latter species was also independently associated with increased systolic blood pressure. Further, the cumulative time in hypoxia during sleep was associated with the abundance of genes involved in nine gut microbiota metabolic pathways, including propionate production from lactate. Lastly, we observed two heterogeneous sets of plasma metabolites with opposite association with species positively and negatively associated with hypoxia parameters, respectively.INTERPRETATION: OSA-related hypoxia, but not the number of apneas/hypopneas, is associated with specific gut microbiota species and functions. Our findings lay the foundation for future research on the gut microbiota-mediated health effects of OSA.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Dekkers, Koen, et al.
(författare)
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An online atlas of human plasma metabolite signatures of gut microbiome composition.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human gut microbiota produce a variety of molecules, some of which enter the bloodstream and impact health. Conversely, dietary or pharmacological compounds may affect the microbiota before entering the circulation. Characterization of these interactions is an important step towards understanding the effects of the gut microbiota on health. In this cross-sectional study, we used deep metagenomic sequencing and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography linked to mass spectrometry for a detailed characterization of the gut microbiota and plasma metabolome, respectively, of 8583 participants invited at age 50 to 64 from the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study. Here, we find that the gut microbiota explain up to 58% of the variance of individual plasma metabolites and we present 997 associations between alpha diversity and plasma metabolites and 546,819 associations between specific gut metagenomic species and plasma metabolites in an online atlas ( https://gutsyatlas.serve.scilifelab.se/ ). We exemplify the potential of this resource by presenting novel associations between dietary factors and oral medication with the gut microbiome, and microbial species strongly associated with the uremic toxin p-cresol sulfate. This resource can be used as the basis for targeted studies of perturbation of specific metabolites and for identification of candidate plasma biomarkers of gut microbiota composition.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- DETTMER, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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The Choice of Antibiotic Prophylaxis Influences the Infection Reoperation Rate in Primary Shoulder Arthroplasty : Analysis From the Swedish Shoulder Arthroplasty Register
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0009-921X .- 1528-1132. ; 481:4, s. 728-734
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic joint infection is a serious complication and a major reason for revision surgery after primary shoulder arthroplasty. The prophylactic antibiotics for primary shoulder arthroplasty that have predominantly been used in Sweden are cloxacillin and clindamycin. To address Cutibacteriumacnes, benzylpenicillin has recently increasingly been added to cloxacillin, but it is unclear which antibiotic prophylaxis regimen is the most effective to prevent periprosthetic joint infection.QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: After controlling for baseline differences among patients such as age, gender, previous surgery, cement fixation, and arthroplasty type, was the risk of reoperation for infection higher in patients who received cloxacillin than in those who received clindamycin or the combination of benzylpenicillin and cloxacillin?METHODS: Data from the Swedish Shoulder Arthroplasty Register were used for this study. The inclusion criterion was registered antibiotic prophylaxis in primary arthroplasty. Between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2019, 22,470 primary shoulder arthroplasties, including total shoulder, hemiarthroplasty, and reverse shoulder arthroplasties, were entered into the Swedish Shoulder Arthroplasty Register. Reporting of antibiotic prophylaxis to the register was introduced on January 1, 2013. Since then, the completeness of information on the type of antibiotic prophylaxis in the reports has been 85.3%. Consequently, 10,706 arthroplasties were eligible and fulfilled the inclusion criterion of reported antibiotic prophylaxis. A further 129 were excluded because of unusual prophylaxis regimens, leaving 10,577 shoulder arthroplasties for analysis. The Swedish Shoulder Arthroplasty Register gathers information from all 60 hospitals performing shoulder arthroplasty in Sweden, and through a comparison with the National Patient Register, it has been estimated that more than 90% of all primary shoulder arthroplasties and shoulder reoperations are reported to the register. The age of the study population ranged between 16 and 98 years; the mean age at the primary surgery was 70 ± 10 years for the entire cohort, with a mean age of 67 ± 10 years and 72 ± 9 years for men and women, respectively. The mean observation period was 989 ± 669 days. From 2013 to 2019, there was a clear change in prophylaxis; in particular, the use of the combination of benzylpenicillin and cloxacillin increased dramatically and the use of cloxacillin alone decreased. Clindamycin prophylaxis increased moderately. The primary study endpoint was reported reoperation for infection. In the register, this is defined as repeat procedures of any kind, including biopsy, lavage of the joint, or revision, defined as secondary surgery in which a component was exchanged, removed, or added. To compare the reoperation rate in relation to the different antibiotics used, which changed over time, we controlled for age, gender, previous surgery, cement fixation, and arthroplasty type using a Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTS: When adjusting for age, gender, previous surgery, cement fixation, and arthroplasty type, cloxacillin prophylaxis was associated with an increased relative risk of reoperation for infection compared with the combination of cloxacillin and benzylpenicillin (hazard ratio [HR] 2.40 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35 to 4.25]; p = 0.003) and compared with clindamycin alone (HR 1.78 [95% CI 1.11 to 2.85]; p = 0.02). No difference was found between the cloxacillin and benzylpenicillin combination and clindamycin (HR 0.74 [95% CI 0.42 to 1.32]; p = 0.31).CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that prophylaxis against C. acnes may be warranted in shoulder arthroplasty. Because the absolute number of infections was low and infections could have been underreported to the register, our results should be interpreted with caution. There is no available information about the causative microorganisms. The study lays the groundwork for further investigations of antibiotic prophylaxis regimens in shoulder arthroplasty. Because large randomized controlled trials would be impractical to perform, prospective register-based randomized controlled studies might be a viable method.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level Ⅲ, therapeutic study.
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| 12. |
- Johansson, Maria, 1989-
(författare)
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I samtal med Kronofogden : Hur myndighetsservice görs i språkliga möten mellan inringare och kundservicehandläggare
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores the interaction between frontline service officials and clients in customer service calls to the Swedish Enforcement Authority (SEA), a national government agency working with debts. The aim is to shed light on these service calls as interactional, meaning-making encounters between callers and frontline service officials. A sub-aim is to gain an understanding of how the SEA’s mission and core values are interpreted, balanced and implemented in conversation. Drawing on the theoretical and methodological framework of Conversation Analysis (CA), the thesis investigates how communication between SEA frontline officials and clients unfolds, and how institutional regulations, norms and relationships are invoked and negotiated. The data consists of audio recordings of 113 naturally occurring phone calls to the SEA’s centralised customer service. The four analytical chapters explore different aspects of the interactional encounters. First, the openings of the encounters are analysed, focusing on how callers achieve service, and how the participants orient to serviceability and legitimacy. Secondly, the analysis addresses how factual information from the SEA’s institutional records is accessed, handled and responded to by the participants. In this way, the analysis illustrates how the participants display epistemic stances, and how the SEA’s mission to provide information, and to activate and educate clients, is translated into practice. Thirdly, frontline service officials’ explanations of a key SEA process are studied, revealing how the participants’ intersubjectivity is established, challenged and negotiated. Fourthly and finally, an analysis of how call takers recommend future courses of action to callers is presented, which demonstrates how the participants’ deontic rights to decide on future actions are allocated in the customer service calls. In sum, the thesis brings to light what happens in conversations between callers and frontline service officials at the SEA. More specifically, the thesis offers insights into how institutional remits shape frontline interaction, as well as how laws, guidelines and policies are talked into being. In addition to expanding our knowledge of language and social interaction in government agencies, the key findings of the thesis may have an impact on professional development within the SEA, thereby benefiting both frontline officials and clients.
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| 13. |
- Manderstedt, Eric, et al.
(författare)
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Classic Thrombophilias and Thrombotic Risk Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults : A Population-Based Cohort Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 2047-9980. ; 11:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Five classic thrombophilias have been recognized: factor V Leiden (rs6025), the prothrombin G20210A variant (rs1799963), and protein C, protein S, and antithrombin deficiencies. This study aimed to determine the thrombotic risk of classic thrombophilias in a cohort of middle-aged and older adults. METHODS AND RESULTS: Factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A and protein-coding variants in the PROC (protein C), PROS1 (protein S), and SERPINC1 (antithrombin) anticoagulant genes were determined in 29 387 subjects (born 1923–1950, 60% women) who participated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (1991–1996). The Human Gene Mutation Database was used to define 68 disease-causing mutations. Patients were followed up from baseline until the first event of venous thromboembolism (VTE), death, or Dec 31, 2018. Carriership (n=908, 3.1%) for disease-causing mutations in the PROC, PROS1, and SERPINC1 genes was associated with incident VTE: Hazard ratio (HR) was 1.6 (95% CI, 1.3–1.9). Variants not in Human Gene Mutation Database were not linked to VTE (HR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.8–1.5). Heterozygosity for rs6025 and rs1799963 was associated with incident VTE: HR, 1.8 (95% CI, 1.6–2.0) and HR, 1.6 (95% CI, 1.3–2.0), respectively. The HR for carrying 1 classical thrombophilia variant was 1.7 (95% CI, 1.6–1.9). HR was 3.9 (95% CI, 3.1–5.0) for carriers of ≥2 thrombophilia variants. CONCLUSIONS: The 5 classic thrombophilias are associated with a dose-graded risk of VTE in middle-aged and older adults. Disease-causing variants in the PROC, PROS1, and SERPINC1 genes were more common than the rs1799963 variant but the conferred genetic risk was comparable with the rs6025 and rs1799963 variants.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Melander, Björn, Professor, 1958-
(författare)
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"Inte antingen eller, utan mycket mer en mosaik av möjligheter" : Svenskan som EU-språk 20 år senare
- 2021
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Ingår i: Kungl. Humanistiska Vetenskaps-Samfundet i Uppsala. Årsbok. - Uppsala : Kungl. Humanistiska Vetenskaps-Samfundet i Uppsala. - 0349-0416. - 9789198240566 ; 2019-2020, s. 115-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sweden joined the European Union in 1995, and thus, in 2020, has been a member of the union for a quarter of a century. Entering the EU was a major political event in the history of Sweden, and it had consequences for many spheres of society, including linguistic matters. Membership meant that Swedish became one of the official languages of the EU, and hence a part of the union’s large translation and interpreting services. But did that mean that Swedish representatives could use Swedish when working in various EU bodies? And if not – what languages were used instead? Did English suffice, or could only polyglots represent Sweden in the EU? To answer such questions, in 1999 I conducted surveys with Swedish MEPs, with delegates of the Economic and Social Committee and of the Committee of the Regions and finally with civil servants working at the Swedish Government Offices, regarding their use of different languages in various settings.I have now repeated these surveys, in order to see what has happened during the two decades that have passed since I did my first inquiry. Many things have changed in the course of this time, both within Sweden and within the EU, and it is interesting to compare the situation now and then. This time around, I also supplemented the surveys with interviews with translators and interpreters working in various EU bodies in Brussels and Luxemburg.The results show that the use of English has generally increased. This holds for both reading and writing. When speaking, too, the Swedish delegates often employ English. Only in the most formal setting, i.e., the plenaries, is Swedish the most frequently used language. With respect to interpretation, however, I found a small upturn of the delegates’ choosing to listen to Swedish. The increased use of English in most settings in the EU institutions furthermore means that the difference between the politically elected representatives and the civil servants – where my earlier study showed a much higher usage of English in the latter group – has now disappeared.Especially in the interviews with the interpreters, it is suggested that the Swedish delegates today have a more strategic and pragmatic approach to the choice of language and in a more conscious way vary what language to employ according to the situation, as compared to the situation 20 years ago when there was more of an either-or attitude regarding this. The results of the surveys give some support for this, but this question should be investigated further. However, if true, this might be a reflection of a more common societal trend where switching and even mixing languages according to pragmatic considerations has become a less controversial phenomenon.
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| 16. |
- Melander, Björn, 1958-
(författare)
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Språkpolitik och språkvård
- 2024. - 3
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Ingår i: Sociolingvistik. - Stockholm : Liber. - 9789147149377 ; , s. 253-268
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Pitkäjärvi, Tiina, 1980-
(författare)
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Mer än bara vara rosa : Bröstcancertematiserande kampanjer i Sverige (2015–2016) som social praktik
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The thesis presents a study of how social engagement in breast cancer campaigns is realized in a media context in Sweden. The data collected in this qualitative study are from the years 2015–2016. The study has been led by the following research questions: How is the purpose of the analyzed practices constructed, interpreted and negotiated? How are the campaign practices legitimized? How is participation in them offered? The concept social practice, as formulated by van Leeuwen (2008) forms the basis for the study's theoretical and methodological framework. Aside from this social practice approach, the questions have been analyzed using van Leeuwen's (2008) legitimation strategies, which have been expanded with a performative perspective and by applying the concept affective practices (Wetherell 2012).The results of an initial analysis displayed heterogeneity in the purposes constructed and led the study further to three main themes, identified as Commodification of social participation and consumption, The individual's health and risk management and Norm criticism and image acts as emancipatory actions. The study shows that social engagement is often realized through the consumption of pink products, i.e., commodified. The fact that the researched practice is situated in a neoliberal market economy also provides an explanatory model for how the articulations of engagement in social issues regarding health are realized in the researched material. However, the possibility of being socially engaged is also enabled by the performative potential that participation evokes with the help of affective aspects. Representations of emotions are also a central component in how participation in the social practice is solicited. This suggests that the boundaries of representations of engagement and acts of engagement can often not be separated. The analyses of two private initiatives and at the same time medialized images show how actions with performative claims, aimed at de-dramatization and contributing to attempts to change norms, can be done visually.One overall result is that intertextuality appears to be central to how participation is facilitated in the campaign practices, e.g., by exploiting the connoted potential of certain social actors (companies) and their products. The analyses also show that there are material conditions for the socially engaging campaign practices and how they are made accessible.
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| 20. |
- Senter, Karin, 1982-
(författare)
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Att göra förort : Om språkliga resurser hos gymnasieungdomar med mångspråkig förortsbakgrund
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with positionality among adolescents from multilingual urban areas, and the construction of “suberbness”. Suburb, as in “suberbness”, refers to multilingual, socioeconomically disadvantaged areas in the outskirts of Swedish urban districts. The aim is to shed light on the positionality process, and linguistic practices are in focus. This inevitably raises the question of how language can be described without presenting it as a stable and fixed entity. The embodiment of the suburb, i.e. how one “becomes” the suburb, is discussed, also taking non-linguistic resources (e.g. clothing, music preference) in account. The thesis contributes to the field of linguistic ethnography. Nineteen adolescents, one school class, have been followed for one and a half years through fieldwork, mostly in, but also outside, school. The vast majority of them are self-identified girls. Even if linguistic ethnography emphasizes that language is elusive, fluid and ever-changing, the labels suburban slang and suburban Swedish are used in the description of the participants’ speech. The first label refers to slang-based linguistic practices associated with multilingual urban areas; the latter to a more standardized Swedish with a sound of suburbia, which can be described as a sociodialect. The labels are used to draw attention to nuances in suburban-indexed speech, ranging from informal to formal ways of speaking. The participants in the study mainly position themselves in relation to majority-background adolescents, who are portrayed as different in e.g. speech style, interests and religious beliefs. A main result of the study is that the participants “sound suburban” in all examined contexts, e.g. school presentations, a job interview and everyday small talk, i.e. they shift between informal suburban slang and the more formal suburban Swedish. Their linguistic practices associated with multilingual urban areas are important for their position as suburban-anchored youth.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Melander, Björn, 1958-
(författare)
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- 2020
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Ingår i: Folkmålsstudier. - Helsingfors. - 0356-1771. ; 18, s. 149-159
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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