| 1. |
- Gustafson, Elisabet K., et al.
(författare)
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The Instant Blood-Mediated Inflammatory Reaction Characterized in Hepatocyte Transplantation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Transplantation. - 0041-1337 .- 1534-6080. ; 91:6, s. 632-638
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Hepatocyte transplantation (HcTx) has proven to be a safe procedure, although the functional results have been unsatisfactory, probably due to insufficient engraftment or a loss of transplanted mass or function. In this study, we investigate whether hepatocytes in contact with blood induce an inflammatory reaction leading to, similar to what happens in clinical islet transplantation, an instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) resulting in an early loss of transplanted cells. Methods. By using an experimental model that mimics the portal vein blood flow, we could study different parameters reflecting the effects on the innate immunity elicited by hepatocytes in contact with ABO-matched human blood. Results. We report that all aspects of the IBMIR such as platelet and granulocyte consumption, coagulation, and complement activation were demonstrated. Addition of various specific inhibitors of coagulation allowed us to clearly delineate the various stages of the hepatocyte-triggered IBMIR and show that the reaction was triggered by tissue factor. Analysis of a case of clinical HcTx showed that hepatocyte-induced IBMIR also occurs in vivo. Both the inflammatory and the coagulation aspects were controlled by low-molecular-weight dextran sulfate. Conclusion. Isolated hepatocytes in contact with blood induce the IBMIR in vitro, and there are indications that these events are also relevant in vivo. According to these findings, HcTx would benefit from controlling a wider range of signals from the innate immune system.
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| 2. |
- Hammarqvist, Folke, et al.
(författare)
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Age-related changes of muscle and plasma amino acids in healthy children
- 2010
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Ingår i: Amino Acids. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0939-4451 .- 1438-2199. ; 39:2, s. 359-366
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to explore if changes in muscle and plasma amino acid concentrations developed during growth and differed from levels seen in adults. The gradient and concentrations of free amino acids in muscle and plasma were investigated in relation to age in metabolic healthy children. Plasma and specimens from the abdominal muscle were obtained during elective surgery. The children were grouped into three groups (group 1: < 1 year, n = 8; group 2: 1-4 years, n = 13 and group 3: 5-15 years, n = 15). A reference group of healthy adults (21-38 years, n = 22) was included in their comparisons and reflected specific differences between children and adults. In muscle the concentrations of 8 out of 19 amino acids analysed increased with age, namely taurine, aspartate, threonine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, histidine, as well as the total sums of branched chain amino acids (BCAA), basic amino acids (BAA) and total sum of amino acids (P < 0.05). In plasma the concentrations of threonine, glutamine, valine, cysteine, methionine, leucine, lysine, tryptophane, arginine, BCAA, BAA and the essential amino acids correlated with age (P < 0.05). These results indicate that there is an age dependency of the amino acid pattern in skeletal muscle and plasma during growth.
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| 3. |
- Högberg, Niclas, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal ischemia measured by intraluminal microdialysis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 72:1, s. 59-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To evaluate the possibility of detecting intestinal ischemia by intraluminal microdialysis and comparing the ileum and colon. Methods. The studies were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats. In the fi rst part of the study, microdialysis catheters were placed in the sigmoid part of the colon and in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. In the second part of the study, microdialysis catheters were placed in the lumen of the ileum and the colon. The infrarenal aorta was clamped proximal to the cranial mesenteric artery. Microdialysate levels of glucose, lactate, pyruvate and glycerol were measured. Intestinal specimens were removed at the end of the ischemic period for microscopic evaluation. Results. Intraluminal microdialysis could detect early signs of ischemic injury in the ileum, as well as in the colon, with a marked increase of lactate, lactate/pyruvate ratio and glycerol. The increased levels of intraluminal glycerol showed a positive correlation to prolonged ischemia and to higher degrees of intestinal damage. Conclusion. Intraluminal measurement of glycerol is a good marker for intestinal ischemia. Intraluminal microdialysis in the colon is easily accessible through the rectum, and ay prove to be a valuable clinical tool for diagnosing intestinal ischemia.
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