| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Deiters, Wolfgang, et al.
(författare)
-
ILOG 2010 Workshop Chairs’ Message
- 2010
-
Ingår i: BIS 2010 International Workshops, Berlin, Germany, May 3-5, 2010. Revised Papers. - New York : Springer. - 3642154018 - 9783642154010 ; , s. 156-157
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- For many enterprises, it is of decisive strategic importance to optimize the internal information flow and to implement an efficient reuse of existing knowledge. Especially in knowledge-intensive industry and service sectors, information is a major factor in production processes, and knowledge reflects an important asset of the enterprise. Similarly, public organizations and governmental bodies are dependent on accurate and timely information supply for efficient and high quality processes and services. Intelligent information supply has become an important issue that is characterized by just-in-time, demand-oriented and context-sensitive information.
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| 3. |
- Eberhagen, Niclas
(författare)
-
Understanding the Designing of Knowledge Work Support Tools as a Situated Practice
- 2011
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the thesis is twofold. First, a need is exposed for adopting a situated design perspective in designing computer-based tools that support knowledge work. Second, an examination is made of what this perspective may reveal concerning the nature of processes and relations within the design situation. This is done to understand better what it means for users and developers, as well as other stakeholders, to approach and capture the tacit knowing within the work context.The argument for adopting a situated design perspective is based on experience drawn from development projects, as well as literature reviews. In these projects, the design situations encountered are best characterized as explorative and iteratively interpreted. Here, approaching and understanding the work context, together with the users, has at best been a pursuit of the vision of the future system guided by local circumstances, and where the users had difficulties in expressing and understanding what it is they want and how they want it. This implies that formal engineering methods, where the development work is reduced to an engineering endeavor based on a rationalistic perspective, are not sufficient.The situated design perspective is presented in this thesis as a conceptual model of the design practice, highlighting its constituent worlds, processes, and relations. The model depicts designing as an explorative and sense-making process, navigating between what is wanted or envisioned and what may be negotiated and discovered. It emphasizes the importance of the artifact being designed as a means to capture, communicate, and discover what is possible in the work context. The model makes clear that the design process is highly situated, and that it cannot take place outside the work context because of interdependent relationships. It is designing within the living work context, not design for an objectified one. Thus, it cannot be planned as a pure engineering endeavor, but needs to be viewed as a situated practice.
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| 4. |
- Haftor, Darek, et al.
(författare)
-
An Information Logistics Research Program
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Information Management and Evaluation. - : Reading Academic Publishing Limited. - 9781906638733
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our human and social affairs operate inherently various modes of information sharing; in this we frequently encounter instances where the needed information is not provided to the needing actor, at the right time and cost, and in the right format. To this end, an Information Logistics Research Program has been formulated, grounded both in current research findings and in the actual needs and opportunities of organizations and individuals. The aim of the program is to guide a long term and comprehensive research efforts by indicating the key research domains to be addressed. The formulated research program proposes the following four key research frontiers for Information Logistics: the Information Logistics Operational Models, the Information Logistics Business Models, the Information Needing Actor, and the Information Logistics Foundations. The proposed Research Program also provides suggestions for how to research the defined frontiers.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Haftor, Darek, et al.
(författare)
-
In Search for Unity within the Diversity of Information Societies
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Information and Communication Technologies, Society and Human Beings: Theory and Framework (Festschrift in honor of Gunilla Bradley). - Hershey, New York : IGI Global. - 9781609600570 - 1609600576 ; , s. 540-546
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This final Chapter represents the responsibility, the privilege but also the aspiration of the two editors of this Gunilla Bradley Festschrift. The aspiration here is no less than to identify a key message that emerges out of the contributions in this volume considered as a whole. In other words, the question here is: what do all this research and reasoning say to us? Of course, each reader of this Volume will derive her or his own interpretation and thus also a key message, which we only see as the richness offered by this Festschrift. Therefore, the key message presented here must be regarded only as one possible message that is formed by the two editors’ own predispositions: intellectual, cultural, motivational, and other.
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| 7. |
- Haftor, Darek, et al.
(författare)
-
Information Logistics as a Guide for
Research and Practice of e-Maintenance Operations
- 2011
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Performability Engineering. - 0973-1318. ; 7:6, s. 593-603
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the development of e-maintenance operations is understood to offer promising opportunities, it seems to be mainly driven by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) applications development. This is unfortunate, as ICT has no value in itself; rather its benefit comes from the way in which it is utilized within its particular context. Thus, a conceptual framework is proposed to guide both the practice and the research of e-maintenance operations. The framework combines an Industrial Value Chain with a Buyer- Consumer Value Chain, where their intersections articulated in terms of categories derived from Information Logistics. This provides a structure for the conception of e-maintenance that needs to be populated with published research and current e-maintenance practice. This may uncover white spaces where research efforts deserve particular attention and are driven by value generation – for instance, economic. A brief case study, from a leading European truck- manufacturer, illustrates the proposed conceptual framework in application.
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| 8. |
- Haftor, Darek M., et al.
(författare)
-
A Review of Information Logistics Research Publications
- 2011. - 1
-
Ingår i: Business Information Systems Workshops. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 1865-1348 .- 1865-1356. - 9783642253690 - 9783642253706 ; , s. 244-255
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- ‘Information Logistics’ has presented itself as an intellectual and professional domain addressing the question of timely providence of the right information. A question that emerges then is: What is Information Logistics? To answer this question, a comprehensive review of research publications was conducted, where ‘Information Logistics’ was featured in the publication title. A detailed analysis of the content of these publications identified eleven different research directions, where five are currently active, all in Europe. Among various findings, the results show that these research directions have been pursued independently of each other, addressing different kinds of research questions and contexts, utilising different research approaches, and therefore generating a variety of unrelated research results. All the reviewed research here shows that there are numerous unmet empirical needs in our human and social affairs, as well as a need for intra-disciplinary developments, which calls for a joint mobilisation of the research efforts.
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| 9. |
- Haftor, Darek, M., 1969-, et al.
(författare)
-
Information and Communication Technologies, Society and Human Beings: Theory and Framework
- 2010. - 1
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a real need for an enlightening new volume to explore the recent developments and topical analyses of the psychological and social effects of ICT.Information and Communication Technologies, Society and Human Beings: Theory and Framework addresses the extensive area of effects of ICT on human beings and the interaction between ICT, individuals, organizations, and society. This premier reference source features contributions from over 45 distinguished researchers from around the world, each presenting high quality research on social informatics, human computer interaction, organizational behavior, and macro-ergonomics. This unique publication is perfect for students, teachers, researchers, engineers, practitioners, managers, policy-makers, and media alike.
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| 10. |
- Haftor, Darek, et al.
(författare)
-
Research and Practice Agenda of Industrial e-Maintenance: Information Logistics as a Driver for Development
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the <em>1st International Congress on eMaintenance</em>. - Luleå. - 9789174391206 ; , s. 56-61
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an inquiry into the domain of e-maintenance, particularly of industrial entities. As a domain of research and practice, e-maintenance is understood to offer great opportunities, however it seems to be driven by the development of applications of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This ICT-driven approach is unfortunate, as ICT has no value in itself, rather its benefit comes for how it processes information, and more broadly how it forms its contextual activities. To remedy this situation, a conceptual framework is proposed, to guide both the practice and the research of e-maintenance operations. This framework combines the seminal Industrial Value Chain framework and then the Buyer-Consumer Value Chain, and articulates their intersection with a set of defined categories derived from Information Logistics. This provides one possible structure for the conception of e-maintenance, which needs to be populated with the published research and practice results. This, in turn, may uncover white spaces where research efforts deserve particular attention and are driven by value generation – whether economic or other – instead of experimental ICT application developments. The presentation of this framework is accompanied with a brief example that contrasts an event-driven versus a plan-driven approach to e-maintenance.
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| 11. |
-
Information and Communication Technologies, Society and Human Beings: Theory and Framework (Festschrift in honor of Gunilla Bradley)
- 2011
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information and Communication Technologies, Society and Human Beings: Theory and Framework addresses the extensive area of effects of ICT on human beings and the interaction between ICT, individuals, organizations, and society. This premier reference source features contributions from over 45 distinguished researchers from around the world, each presenting high quality research on social informatics, human computer interaction, organizational behavior, and macro-ergonomics. This unique publication is perfect for students, teachers, researchers, engineers, practitioners, managers, policy-makers, and media alike.
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| 12. |
- Jansson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Participatory Design : in Need of Angels
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Travelling Thoughtfulness. - Umeå, Sweden : Umeå University. - 9789174590944 ; , s. 115-134
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a sentence by Bob Dylan – the times they are a-changin’. This is true also for participatory design (PD) – today design projects are distributed between sites and people, and extended in time. PD is now diverse and multi-directional and in need of re-thinking designer responsibility. How to change our methods in line with concerned personnel’s abilities and ways of expressing themselves? Yet, still it is needed someone that overlooks and ensure the PD process. This is especially important when a PD project results in new experiences for people. We suggest that systems designers’ shoulder the responsibility as an angel, which we use as a metaphor for a person with the overall responsibility for the PD process. As part of this we suggest that systems designers would gain by adapting the PD process in line with the PAR methodology and by the use of Soft Systems Methodology’s Rich Picture building.
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| 13. |
- Kajko-Mattsson, Mira, et al.
(författare)
-
Essential components of e-maintenance
- 2011
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Performability Engineering. - 0973-1318. ; 7:6, s. 555-571
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many intellectual, societal, business and technological forces are continuously pushing forward the frontiers of science. When combined, they provide an umbrella for generating new fields and exploring new grounds. One such a new field is e-Maintenance. e-Maintenance addresses new needs and provides various benefits in form of increased availability, reduced lifecycle cost and increased customer value. However, it suffers from lack of a commonly defined basis supporting the existence of e-Maintenance and determining the essential components inherent in the e-Maintenance domain. In this paper, we suggest an initial set of components that serve as the groundwork of the e-Maintenance universe. The set outlines ten initial components. These are definition, business,organization, product,service,methodology,technology,information,customer,and education and training. The paper also suggests a definition of e-Maintenance, places eMaintenance in the context of other e-Domains, and elicits e-Maintenance intellectual opportunities and challenges to be met by both the academia and industry.
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| 14. |
- Kajko-Mattsson, Mira, et al.
(författare)
-
Fundamentals of the eMaintenance Concept
- 2010
-
Ingår i: <em>Proceedings of the 1st International Congress on eMaintenance</em>. - Luleå, Sweden : Luleå University of Technology. - 9789174391206 ; , s. 147-154
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many intellectual, societal, business and technological forces are continuously pushing forward the frontiers of science. When being effectively combined, they may provide an umbrella for generating new fields and exploring new grounds. One such emerging field is eMaintenance. It is based on the fields from operation & maintenance engineering, software engineering, information systems, business management, and many other strongly varying fields related to the application domains of eMaintenance. As a novel field, eMaintenance addresses new needs and provides various benefits in form of increased availability, reduced lifecycle cost and increased customer-value. On the other hand, being in a continuous flux, it suffers from many infant illnesses in form of lack of or fuzzy definitions and theoretical foundations. This paper constitutes the first call to the eMaintenance community to gather their forces and commonly define the eMaintenance concept. As an initial step, it outlines its ten essential components. These are (1) Definition, (2) Business, (3) Organization, (4) Product, (5) Service, (6) Methodology, (7) Technology, (8) Information, (9) Customer, and (10) Education and Training. The paper also suggests a timeless definition of eMaintenance, it places eMaintenance in the context of other eDomains, and it elicits eMaintenance intellectual opportunities and challenges to be met by both the academia and industry when researching on or transitioning to the eMaintenance mode.
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| 15. |
- Kajko-Mattsson, Mira, et al.
(författare)
-
Fundamentals of the eMaintenance concept
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 1st international workshop and congress on eMaintenance. - : Luleå tekniska universitet. - 9789174391206 ; , s. 147-154
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many intellectual, societal, business and technological forces are continuously pushing forward the frontiers of science. When being combined effectively, they may provide an umbrella for generating new fields and exploring new grounds. One such emerging field is eMaintenance. It is based on the fields from operation & maintenance engineering, software engineering, information systems, business management, and a myriad of strongly varying fields related to the application domains of eMaintenance. As a novel field, eMaintenance addresses new needs and provides various benefits in form of increased availability, reduced lifecycle cost and increased customer-value. On the other hand, being in a continuous flux, it suffers from many infant illnesses in form of lack of or fuzzy definitions and theoretical foundations. This paper explores the domain of eMaintenance. In striving toward that end, it defines the eMaintenance concept by identifying its essential constituents and characteristics, mapping out its application domains and by eliciting its intellectual opportunities and challenges. Finally, the paper reasons about the future of eMaintenance as an emerging field and identifies research questions that may serve as the impetus for defining future research strategies. Last but not least, it lists challenges to be met by the organizations transferring to eMainteannce and advocates to the eMaintenance community to further elaborate and improve the eMaintenance concept.
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| 16. |
- Kajtazi, Miranda, 1983-
(författare)
-
An Exploration of Information Inadequacy: Instances that Cause the Lack of Needed Information
- 2011
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information is one of the most essential resources in our contemporary societies, as it guideshuman thinking, planning and subsequent actions, which in turn generates consequencesthat are desired or not. The Lehman Brothers bankruptcy in 2008, the tsunami in Indonesiain 2004, the Space Shuttle Challenger destruction in 1986 are just three instances ofdramatic situations, emerging continuously, where information plays a crucial role. Thisstudy investigates the phenomenon of the lack of needed information, predominantlyexperienced with difficulties in human, social and industrial affairs. Consequently, thechallenge is to understand why such situations emerge. Two approaches are utilized toexplore this challenge using an interpretivist tradition. The first is a hermeneutic approach,the second a grounded theory approach. The first approach – theoretically oriented –investigates numerous theoretical bodies, selected with the assumption that they can explainthe addressed challenge. The results show that there are no comprehensive theoreticalbodies that can fully account for the phenomenon of the lack of needed information.Furthermore, there is no consensus on what “information” is – the very core of thechallenge, which gave the foundations for a formulation of an alternative notion ofinformation and is instrumental for the present investigation. Thus, no a priori theory isused to guide the empirical investigation. The second approach – empirically oriented –investigates fifty empirical cases, where the lack of needed information is clearly manifested.The results present an initial outline for a possible future theory of information inadequacy,constituted by the dichotomy of information-lack and information-overflow. Informationlackis dominated by: “information is non-existent”, “information is insufficient”, “information is censored” and “information is undelivered”. Whereas, information-overflow isdominated by: “information is ambiguous”, “information is redundant”, “information isirrelevant” and “information is undervalued”. The two main dichotomous characteristics andtheir interrelations result in patterns of various information inadequacies. The keyconclusion of the present study is that while dramatic situations are increasing everyday,there is as yet no theoretical body designed to comprehensively account for the phenomenonin context; only partial accounts are found. Thus, the empirical investigation suggests thatthe phenomenon of the lack of needed information seems to emerge because of diversefactors, ranging from political and cultural structures, through human individualcapabilities, and ending with procedural and technological artefacts. This study advocatesthat further research is needed to fully account for and explain instances of the lack ofneeded information, and that such an account requires an innovative and interdisciplinary focus.
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| 17. |
- Kajtazi, Miranda, 1983-
(författare)
-
Assessing Escalation of Commitment as an Antecedent of Noncompliance with Information Security Policy
- 2013
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- For organizations, emphasizing investments in security technology has become the norm. Trending security technologies are important for an organization’s information security strategy. Organizations commonly use such technologies to enforce information security policy (ISP) compliance on the part of their employees, to ensure the security of their information resources. Yet, it seems that employees frequently establish rules of their own for complying with the ISP. Questioning this concern, the present dissertation addresses employees’ violation of information security rules and regulations. The motivation is based on the concern that information security policy noncompliance is largely influenced by escalation of commitment. Escalation is a phenomenon that explains how employees in organizations often get involved in nonperforming tasks, commonly reflecting the tendency of persistence, when investments of resources have been initiated. This dissertation develops an integrated model based on Self-Justification theory, Prospect theory, and Approach Avoidance theory, that centres on two main factors of noncompliance, namely self-justification and sunk costs. These factors act as mediating mechanisms to explain the dependent factor of the willingness to engage in noncompliant behaviour. The theoretical model is empirically tested with a data set that represents responses from 639 respondents across 27 organizations using the scenario-based survey approach. The results of this dissertation present a dual outcome. For theory, our theoretical framework not only enriches the literature on information security by proving that escalation behaviour is an antecedent of noncompliance, but also generates new insights about the escalation of commitment literature. The findings suggest that employees’ cognitive traits are escalation’s main antecedents that present the necessary stimulation to violate an ISP, while employees’ emotional traits do not influence such stimulation when overpowered by cognitive traits. Our results also suggest that employees engaged in nonperforming tasks often become noncompliant, even though they were complying before. In principle, the findings show that employees prioritize the completion of their tasks, rather than their commitment to comply with the ISP, and thus become noncompliant. In practice, our results show that employees’ willingness to engage in noncompliant behaviour is largely influenced by self-justification and sunk costs. The main results suggest that (a) self-justification is largely driven by the benefits of noncompliance outweighing the costs of compliance; (b) sunk costs are largely driven by the completion effect; (c) the benefit of noncompliance is a significant factor in self-justification, partially mediated by its influence on the willingness to engage in noncompliance; and (d) the completion effect is a significant factor in the sunk costs, fully mediated by its influence on the willingness to engage in noncompliance. This dissertation advocates that further research is needed to account for and explain noncompliant behaviour by utilizing escalation theories in more depth, and that such an account requires an innovative and empirically driven effort.
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| 18. |
- Kajtazi, Miranda, et al.
(författare)
-
Information Inadequacy : Some Causes of Failures in Human and Social Affairs
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Electronic Journal of Information Systems Evaluation. - Reading, UK : Academic Publishing Limited. - 1566-6379. - 9781906638733 ; 14:1, s. 63-72
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper takes initial steps in facilitating researchers and practitioners to increase the relevance of information for their contexts. Our focus is on forging new possibilities to understand and improve the contemporary dilemma of information inadequacy. We define information inadequacy as vulnerable and inadequate information, composed by the dichotomy of information lack and/or of information overflow, which impose complexities and unexpected behaviour in human and social affairs. By exploring the lack of needed information in human and social affairs, we conducted an inquiry of different empirical and research objects that relate to information inadequacy (for example, empirical situations, theories, or other theoretically and practically based artifacts). The question that emerges then is: How to secure that the needed information is provided to the recipient at the right time, reducing the cause of unpredictable failures and fatalities in our global society? To answer this question, our paper presents initial guiding with a systematic approach that focuses on evaluating and further improving research and practice for information relevance. The empirical cases are mostly based on situations, such as: the financial failures of the Lehman Brothers Bankruptcy 2008, and the Enron bankruptcy 2001; or the disasters of the Space Shuttle Columbia 2003, and Space Shuttle Challenger 1986. The analyses are examined using theories of information behaviour that influence communication processes, from where two or more different actors are necessary to engage in activities of information exchange. The results include the identification of four information exchange patterns: influenced, intentional, hindered, unawares. Furthermore, we discuss implications of the model for practices with information. The paper concludes by challenging the role of information inadequacy in all economic, social and political affairs that remains problematic.
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| 19. |
- Koczkas, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Integrating Viable Systems Model and Knowledge Creation Systems
- 2014
-
Ingår i: OLKC, Theme: Circuits of knowledge, 22-24 April 2014, Oslo. - Oslo, Norway : BI Norwegian Business School.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the different logics of learning organization and a traditional command a control organization. A system that targets a learning process will also have to fit into the broader situation of that organization. The approach to this analysis is to compare the models for the different fields, in this case a VSM model of effective organizational maintain and control with the theory of “the knowledge creating company”. The outcome of this analysis outlines a number of perspectives where these two logics interacts and sometime collide. The conclusion is that a KM support tool/process not only have to fit into the learning and change process but also into the broader maintain and control systems of a company.
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| 20. |
- Mansour, Osama, 1983-
(författare)
-
Share with Social Media : The Case of a Wiki
- 2011
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Traditional approaches to knowledge collaboration and sharing have proven to be limited in the sense of addressing organizational needs of dynamic and distributed knowledge. More recently, the emergence of social media and the second generation of web technologies have introduced new ways and possibilities for sharing knowledge in organizations. In particular, the wiki technology, as one type of social media, is argued to mark a shift in the way people collaborate and share knowledge with each other on the web. It represents a new, open style of knowledge collaboration and sharing which allows anyone to freely and openly create and shape knowledge. In this respect, organizations have been attracted by this new dynamic approach which is based on open collaboration and flexible participation. More organizations are using wikis in order to effectively leverage distributed knowledge and improve their competitive edge. Against this backdrop, this research is concerned with examining how such organizations use social media, the wiki technology in particular, for sharing knowledge among individuals and groups. The aim is twofold: to develop an understanding of the ways by which these individuals and groups exchange and share knowledge with each other and to identify different factors that influence knowledge collaboration and sharing using a wiki in an organizational setting. The research is based on three published research papers which provide both theoretical and empirical accounts of knowledge collaboration and sharing using wikis. To these ends of this research, an interpretive case study was used as an empirical research method with interviews as primary sources of data. Several other data sources have been triangulated during the empirical inquiry including field visits, observations, and documents. The case took place at a large multinational organization that used a wiki as a collaborative platform to support knowledge sharing among members of several professional communities of practice. Eventually, the outcome of the research is a thorough understanding that describes knowledge collaboration and sharing using a wiki as a dynamic social process involving recursive and dynamic social interactions among members of communities of practice through which knowledge is collaboratively constructed and reconstructed and thus shared. It also presents a dual impact of wiki openness on knowledge collaboration and sharing within organizations.
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| 21. |
- Mansour, Osama, 1983-
(författare)
-
The Bureaucracy of Social Media - An Empirical Account in Organizations
- 2013
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis examines organizational use of social media. It focuses on developing an understanding of the ways by which social media are used within formal organizational settings. From the vantage point of this thesis such an understanding can be achieved by looking at tensions and incompatibilities that might potentially exist between social media and organization because of their distinct characteristics. It is argued that the distinct characteristics of social media (e.g. openness, transparency, flexibility, etc.) and organization (e.g., hierarchy, formal relationships, standard procedures, etc.) may engender tensions and incompatibilities that affect the ways of using social media and their potential in organizations. The main premise here is that the possibilities, behaviors, and practices afforded by social media are recognizably different in nature from common and established organizational practices, behaviors, norms, and routines.Through a structurational understanding of organizational use of social media, influenced by Giddens’ theory of structuration and Orlikowski’s practice lens for studying technology use, this thesis offers the perspective of immiscibility to capture tensions and incompatibilities driven by the distinctive characteristics of social media and organization. It basically offers a way of seeing social media use in organizations as a dynamic, in- practice interplay between social media and organization characteristics. One key argument in this thesis is that the immiscible interplay of social media and organization, produces, at least in transition, ‘a bureaucracy of social media’. Social media, it is argued, are used in ways that are essentially bureaucratic, reflecting and also reinforcing established characteristics of formal organizations through the production and reproduction of structures which are driven by the immiscible interplay.The development of such an understanding was achieved through multiple research studies focusing on the use of the wiki technology for knowledge collaboration and sharing in two large, multinational organizations: CCC and IBM. A number of qualitative methods were used in these studies to collect empirical evidence from the two organizations including interviews, field visits, observations, and document analysis. The overarching contribution of this thesis centers on offering a unique way of understanding organizational use of social media by putting forward tensions and incompatibilities between social media and organization and also by providing an understanding of how such tensions and incompatibilities affect the potential for change by social media.
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| 22. |
- Mirijamdotter, Anita, et al.
(författare)
-
An Interactive and Iterative Evaluation Approach for Creating Collaborative Learning Environments
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Leading Issues in ICT Evaluation. - Reading, U.K : Academic Publishing International. - 9781906638900 ; , s. 60-81
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inspired by a three-year Creative University ‘arena' initiative at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden, an international team of faculty researchers conducted an exploratory study in 2005, which aimed to investigate the efficacy of an interactive design and evaluation process for technology-enabled collaborative learning environments. This applied research approach was designed as a collaborative evaluation process for co-creation of technology-enabled, learningfocused physical and virtual ‘learning commons.' Faculty researchers from Sweden and the United States used Soft Systems Methodology tools, including the Process for Organisational Meanings (POM) model, to guide sixty-two students' participatory co-design and evaluation activities. In this paper, the POM evaluation model is explained and related to the Japanese concept Ba. Application of the models is illustrated within the context of student learning through boundary crossing information exchange and knowledge creation. As evidenced in their iterative and interactive evaluative recommendations, students' learning outcomes included development of improved capabilities for identifying socio-technical elements of distributed learning environments, suggesting that student beneficiaries can successfully reflect upon their experiences and provide valuable evaluation insights. In addition, when this evaluation is iterative, students' insights into project management, software needs, and services design can improve their technology-enabled learning experiences. Concluding comments explore the efficacy of the POM model implementation for guiding other learning-focused, user-centric initiatives, which aim to promote interdisciplinary, or boundary crossing, exchanges concurrent with advancing team-based knowledge creation proficiencies among project participants.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Mirijamdotter, Anita, et al.
(författare)
-
Collaborative Design : An SSM-Enabled Organizational Learning Approach
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Collaborative Technologies and Applications for Interactive Information Design<em> </em>. - : IGI Global. - 9781605667270 ; , s. 202-221
-
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Within the context of a three year applied research project conducted from 2003-2006 in a North American university library, staff were encouraged to reconsider organizational assumptions and design processes. The project involved an organizational leader and an external consultant who introduced and collaboratively applied Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) practice. Project results suggest the efficacy of using ‘soft’ systems thinking to guide interaction (re)design of technology-enabled environments, systems, and tools. In addition, participants attained insights into their new roles and responsibilities within a dynamically changing higher education environment. Project participants also applied SSM to redesign ‘in house’ information systems. The process of employing systems thinking practices to activate and advance organizational (re)learning, and initiating and elaborating user-centered interaction (re) design practices, culminated in a collaborative design (co-design) approach that readied participants for nimble responsiveness to continuous changes in the dynamic external environment.
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| 25. |
- Mirijamdotter, Anita, et al.
(författare)
-
Dilemmas: Leadership in Public Services : Bridging the Management Gap
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developments in information technology have produced enormous changes for many professions. This leads to dilemmas, i.e., situations where professionals have to make difficult choices. Difficulties often arise because information technology implementations both require and enable new ways of acting. Such changes may be neither desired nor welcomed.Organizational dilemmas are now commonplace in academic libraries worldwide. Traditional library roles have been irreversibly altered by technology-enabled information search and retrieval systems. Coincidental with the evolution of the Internet and Google, these systems have transformed both library services and user workflows.These contemporary leadership dilemmas have been addressed for over a decade in three North American academic libraries. In response, an inclusive and systemic leadership model, the Informed Systems Methodology, places an explicit emphasis on using information to learn within the workplace. The methodology incorporates ‘soft’ systems design tools to guide co-creation of communication systems and professional practices that enable information sharing and knowledge creation among co-workers.The Informed Systems Methodology fosters principles of systems thinking and Informed Learning which catalyst holistic learning processes. In combination, co-designed systems, processes, and practices are co-created to engage individuals and groups in raising awareness, furthering collective understanding, promoting shared vision, and realizing shared leadership opportunities.
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| 26. |
- Mirijamdotter, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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From Vision to Action : a Collaborative Organizational Informatics Initiative
- 2011
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Ingår i: Social Technologies '11. - 9789955193784 ; , s. 31-32
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since July 2008, North American workers in a complex public/government organization have collaboratively re-invented their organizational structures and communication systems. The new workplace culture is characterized by shared leadership, appreciative inquiry, informed learning, and action research principles and practices. Illustrative of the potential of collaborative workplace design, a wiki intranet initiative was begun in March 2009, employing Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) tools. This paper will describe and illustrate transferable research tools which convene stakeholders and beneficiaries to co-create transformative ICT systems.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Mirijamdotter, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Information: The ‘I’ in 21st Century Organizational IT Systems : An Informed Systems Methodology
- 2014
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Ingår i: Social Change in Our Technology-Based World. - Amsterdam : Rozenberg Publishers. - 9789036104203 ; , s. 125-136
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In development for over a decade in three North American academic libraries, the Informed Systems Methodology offers a transferable organizational development model for fostering workplace learning enabled by catalytic relationships among information, technology, and people. With an explicit emphasis on using information to learn, ‘soft’ systems design tools enable co-creation of communication systems and professional practices that enable information sharing and knowledge creation processes. When contextualized by local values, experiences, and purposes, the Informed Systems Methodology fosters organizational transformation and creative innovation.With the aim to initiate and sustain workplace learning, the Informed Systems Methodology employs four complementary theories that enable and enliven workplace possibilities. Christine Bruce’s Informed Learning theory catalyzes experiences of ‘using information to learn’ as applied through intentional co-design processes and professional practices. Peter Checkland’s Soft Systems Methodology guides ‘collaborative design’ (co-design) of multi-level communication, decision-making, and planning systems and associated practices for purposeful workplace activities that inform ‘action to improve’. Ikujiro Nonaka’s framework of socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization (SECI) offers an explanation for individual learning processes. Nonaka also offers the conceptual notion of ba, a physical and virtual workplace environment wherein tacit information is transformed into explicit knowledge. Finally, Mary Crossan’s 4i framework of intuiting, interpreting, integrating, and institutionalizing elaborates necessary elements for multi-level organizational learning.The capacity building Informed Systems Methodology offers a theory-based framework for application of proven ‘soft’ systems design methods that make possible new ways of seeing, being, and knowing in 21st Century organization amidst persistent and uncertain environmental changes. Generative organizational systems and associated professional practices, harnessed to produce holistic worker insights and new creative abilities through iterative evaluation and continuous improvement, enable this information experience-based approach.By fostering principles of systems thinking and informed learning though an inclusive, participatory design process that advances information exchange, reflective dialogue, and knowledge creation, the Informed Systems Methodology promotes conceptual change in workplace organizations. It also furthers expression of collaborative information practices that enrich information experiences by simultaneously advancing both situated domain knowledge and transferable learning capacity. Design activities well integrated into the workplace culture and expressed through ‘habits of mind’ support participants’ developing awareness of the conceptions of information experience and informed learning, in a cyclical and iterative fashion that promotes and sustains continuous learning. A shared learning focus evolves through intentional use of information to learn, including collective reflection on information sources, collaborative practices, and systems functionalities, which further transferable topical understandings and enrich information experiences. In addition, action oriented intention and inclusive participatory disposition ensure improvements of real world situations.
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| 29. |
- Mirijamdotter, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Panel Discussion : ICT and Diversity of Information Societies
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference ICT, Society and Human Beings 2011. - 9789728939366
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The panel focuses on ICT and the diversity of information societies. It is a follow up on the seminar held to honor professor emerita Gunilla Bradley at the Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden, in August 2010.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Mirijamdotter, Anita, 1955-
(författare)
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Toward Collaborative Evidence Based Information Practices : Organisation and Leaderhip Essentials
- 2010
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Ingår i: Evidence Based Library and Information Practice. - 1715-720X. ; 5:1, s. 17-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This commentary is based on my key note for the EBLIP conference held in 2009 in Stockholm, Sweden. The title was: Bridging the gap between users and systems – the potential contribution of Social Informatics to Evidence Based Library and Information Practice. In the following commentary, I focus on the application of social informatics principles to develop a collaborative evidence based approach grounded in shared workplace leadership. My remarks highlight some main contributions from the field of library and information science and social informatics and conclude with implications for practice, including further research.
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| 32. |
- Rouis, Sana
(författare)
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Impacts of Facebook hedonic usage on students’ academic achievement : the role of culture and personality characteristics
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The largest online social network in the world, Facebook continues to prompt debate about users’ behaviors. The effects of online activities on themselves and their interactions with others have been discussed extensively. In particular, students are a main class of Facebook users who spend long hours on the social network, which has worried parents and educational authorities about their academic performance. The students themselves argue that their presence on Facebook, as a leisure activity, does not hinder their academic efforts, though some evidence suggests that their grades decline after they join Facebook.To address these questions, I have designed five separate, complementary studies, supported by a conceptual research model derived from flow theory, capacity theory, and the “very rich” model of information system usage. These studies measure actual and perceived impacts and compare them, both in a single cultural context and across widely divergent cultures. Specifically, the first study assessed actual impacts in Tunisia; the second measured the perceived impacts in Sweden. In a third study, I analyzed differences between perceived and actual impacts among undergraduate students from the United States. Finally, I performed two comparative studies to investigate the role of culture in moderating perceptions of the effect of time spent and cognitive immersion on Facebook (Sweden and the United States) and then regulating the actual effect of such usage (Tunisia and the United States), in consideration of the level of conscientiousness and extroversion of students from each country.The results show that students’ presence on and cognitive absorption in Facebook does not immediately threaten their academic performance. Their cultural background affects perceptions and thus behaviors. Personality characteristics, such as personality traits, trust in people, self-regulation, and multitasking skills, also significantly moderate the effects. A student’s interest in school and his performance goal orientation represent strong determinants of academic achievement. Finally, satisfaction with life is a key difference between cultures; it reflects various aspects of a person’s life. Thus, it was perceived differently between Swedes and U.S. students; it emerges as a key concept to consider in analyzing the effects of a leisure activity, such as Facebook, on individuals and their performance.
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| 33. |
- Runardotter, Mari, et al.
(författare)
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The Changing Nature of Archives : Whose Responsibility?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Electronic Journal of e-Government. - 1479-439X. ; 9:1, s. 68-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The implementation of eGovernment and the increasing amount of e-services leads to the production of huge amounts of digitally recorded information. In turn, this raises a demand for well-functioning e-archives, considering the laws and regulations of public and citizens‟ rights and obligations. However, we find that there are difficulties in public organisations in dealing with the complex and challenging issue of digital preservation. Not only does eGovernment transformation change productivity, governance and governmental coordination and collaboration, it also transforms the everyday work practices of many public sector employees. A vivid example is archivists and archival work. The matter of e-archives is often left to the archivists, who have limited power and influence to be able to deal with digital preservation to the extent needed. The research question we address is therefore: who should be held responsible for the changing nature of archives and digital preservation in an organization? Our aim in this paper is to analyse and discuss plans for, and layers of, responsibility for digital preservation as configured and reconfigured in archivists‟ stories and Swedish national policy documents. We use a model that covers three arenas: political, organizational, and practical (or individual). Our findings suggest that to conduct good governance and create properly-functioning e-archives there is a need to spread the responsibility for these e-archives and to plan for cooperation, coordination, and communication around digital preservation. This should happen in interplay between the various actors which hold the practical responsibility, technological responsibility and strategic responsibility. Additionally we note that the view of archivists as keepers of information is moving towards the role of facilitators, who support access to information rather than merely keeping it intact for future. Moreover, as a result of technological developments we find that issues to address in further studies are the present laws and regulations that govern archives, change of work practices and ways of dealing with digital preservation.
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| 34. |
- Runardotter, Mari, et al.
(författare)
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The changing nature of archives - whose responsibility?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Electronic Journal of e-Government. - 1479-439X. ; 9:1, s. 68-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In line with the increase of e-services, many employees in the public sector get their working conditions changed. Their involvement in the building of e-government transforms their everyday work practices. A vivid example of such a transformation includes archivists and archival work. The use of information technologies produces huge amounts of digitally recorded information. Considering the laws and regulations of public and citizens' rights and obligations, this leads to an increased need for well-functioning e-archives. However, we find that there is little awareness in public organisations for how to deal with this complex and challenging issue. Rather the matter is left to the archivists alone, who have limited agency and influence to be able to deal with digital preservation to the extent needed. In this paper we analyse and discuss plans for, and layers of, responsibility for digital preservation as configured and reconfigured in archivists' stories and Swedish national policy documents. We use a model that covers three arenas: political, organizational, and practical (or individual). Our findings suggest that to conduct good governance there is a need to spread the responsibility for digital preservation and plan for cooperation, coordination, and communication around the same. This should happen in interplay between various actors which hold the practical responsibility, technological responsibility and strategic responsibility. Additionally we note that the view of archivists as keepers of information is moving towards the role of facilitators, which supports access to information rather than merely keeping it intact for future. Moreover, due to technological development's we find that issues to address in further studies are; present laws and regulations that governs archives, change of work practices and ways of dealing with digital preservation.
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| 35. |
- Salavati, Sadaf, 1985-
(författare)
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Novel Use of Mobile and Ubiquitous Technologies in Everyday Teaching and Learning Practices : A Complex Picture
- 2013
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As of autumn 2011, all schools in Sweden have adopted and applied the latest curriculum for the compulsory school system. The following is written in concern to technology:"The school is responsible for ensuring that each pupil on completing compulsory school: [...] can use modern technology as a tool in the search for knowledge, communication, creativity and learning." (Skolverket, 2011, pp.13-14)With this said, there are no guidelines or manuals on how this is to be conducted. In a report from the Swedish Schools Inspectorate it was concluded that the investment in technology is not being used for school education. The education systems keep investing in technology in the belief that schools and teachers will sooner or later adopt and benefit from the use of mobile and ubiquitous technologies.The aim of this study is to “create an understanding of the aspects that have an impact on adopting novel use of mobile and ubiquitous technologies in everyday teaching and learning practices in compulsory schools.”The empirical foundation will be based upon three projects: Geometry Mobile (GeM); Learning Ecology with Technologies from Science for Global Outcomes (LETS GO); and Collaborative Learning Using Digital Pens and Interactive Whiteboards (Collboard). All were conducted at local compulsory schools in Växjö municipality, Sweden, in collaboration with teachers, students and fellow researchers from the CeLeKT research group at Linnaeus University.Two Thematic Analyses have been conducted: the first, an inductive analysis exploring the Students’ and Teachers’ Experience of using Mobile and Ubiquitous Technologies in their learning and teaching environment. The second analysis is deductive and uses themes from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology models with the aim of understanding the Perception and Acceptance of Teachers’ use of Mobile and Ubiquitous Technologies. In the results from the two analyses there are clear indicators on the added value that mobile and ubiquitous technology brings to the classrooms: students are able to actively participate, collaborate and discuss in different learning settings, which enhances their understanding of the subject at hand. The challenges are mainly to be found in the lack of training and education in use of the technology as a supporting tool for teaching and learning. Further factors influencing the teachers and the students are ease of use and reliability of the technology and societal changes.The results of the analysis and the theoretical base of Technology Enhanced Learning have been illustrated with Soft Systems Methodologies Rich Picture, providing a holistic view of the problematic situation and making it possible to discuss the various parts as well as the situation as a whole. This study indicates that there are several factors influencing the adoption of the novel use of mobile and ubiquitous technologies in everyday teaching and learning within a complex situation on different levels.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Somerville, Mary M., et al.
(författare)
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Information experiences in the workplace : Foundations for an Informed Systems Approach
- 2014
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Ingår i: Information Experience. - Bingley, United Kingdom : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 9781783508150 ; , s. 203-220
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Informed learning can be enlivened through explicit and persistent attention to using information to learn during collaborative design activities. The resulting information experiences and accompanying information practices in the workplace, when combined with systems principles, can produce transferable individual and group (and, ultimately, organizational) capacity to advance knowledge in ever expanding professional contexts.In development in North America since 2003, the Informed Systems Approach incorporates principles of systems thinking and informed learning though an inclusive, participatory design process that fosters information exchange, reflective dialogue, knowledge creation, and conceptual change in workplace organizations. It also furthers expression of collaborative information practices that enrich information experiences by simultaneously advancing both situated domain knowledge and transferable learning capacity. Integrated design activities support participants’ developing awareness of the conceptions of information experience and informed learning, in a cyclical and iterative fashion that promotes and sustains continuous learning.A shared learning focus evolves through intentional use of information to learn, including collective reflection on information sources, collaborative practices, and systems functionalities, which further participants’ topical understandings and enrich their information experiences. In addition, an action oriented intention and inclusive participatory disposition ensures improvements of real world situations.
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| 38. |
- Somerville, Mary M., et al.
(författare)
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Informed Systems Approach : New Directions for Organizational Learning
- 2014
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Ingår i: OLKC 22-24 April 2014. - Oslo, Norway : BI Norwegian Business School.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Informed Systems Approach offers models for advancing workplace learning within collaboratively designed systems that promote using information to learn through collegial exchange and reflective dialogue. This systemic approach integrates theoretical antecedents and process models, including the learning theories of Peter Checkland (Soft Systems Methodology), which advance systems design and informed action, and Christine Bruce (informed learning), which generate information experiences and professional practices. Ikujiro Nonaka’s systems ideas (SECI model) and Mary Crossan’s learning framework (4i framework) further animate workplace knowledge creation through learning relationships engaging individuals with ideas.
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