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Numrering	Referens	Omslagsbild	Hitta
1.	2019: Proceedings of the 1st Linnaeus Student Conference on Information Technology : Digital Transformation in the Contemporary World 2019 Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract The 1st Linnaeus Student Conference on Information Technology (LSCIT) was held for two days between September 26 and September 27, 2019 in the Växjö campus of Linnaeus University. There were also online participants from different countries as well as different parts of Sweden.
2.	Bruce, Christine S., et al. (författare) Information literacy and informed learning : conceptual innovations for IL research and practice futures 2017 Ingår i: Journal of Information Literacy. - : CILIP Information Literacy Group. - 1750-5968. ; 11:1, s. 4-22 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Our paper draws together conceptual innovations emerging from the work of a group of researchers focussed on the relational approach to information literacy, more recently labelled ‘informed learning’. Team members have been working together in various configurations for periods ranging from seven to seventeen years. Our collaborative approach continues to yield new concepts and constructs which we believe to be of value to ongoing research and practice. Some of the ideas discussed have been previouly published, while others are being put forward for the first time. All are significant in that they together form new constructs that have emerged from a focus on the relational approach to information literacy. In this paper, Christine Bruce introduces the background to this work and the contributing researchers. Then the individual authors present the key directions which they have developed and are leading, typically working with one or more of the wider network. The key ideas presented are: The expressive window for information literacy (Mandy Lupton); information experience design (Elham Sayyad Abdi); cross-contextuality and experienced identity (Andrew Demasson); informed learning design (Clarence Maybee); spaces for inclusive informed learning (Hilary Hughes); and informed systems (Mary Somerville and Anita Mirjamdotter). In each piece, authors reflect on what the idea is about, where it came from and what it might mean for research and practice.
3.	Chatzipanagiotou, Niki, et al. (författare) Library Managers’ Use of Digital Technologies in Everyday Work Practices : An Application of Human Activity Systems Modeling 2018 Ingår i: OR60 Annual Conference, 11-13 Sept. 2018, Lancaster University, Birmingham. ; , s. 153-153 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract As has been argued by systems thinking scholars, science and scientific thinking can be seen as socially constructed systems of institutionalized sets of activities through which systems thinking emerged. In this paper, the development of systems approaches is discussed to argue for the research approach adopted. Further, main concepts of systems thinking such as complexity, worldview, and human activity systems are discussed and applied to empirical data on academic library managers’ use of digital technologies in their everyday work practices. Recognizing that the use of digital technologies has changed the way we live, work and communicate, we explore in depth library managers’ everyday work practices with a focus on the way they use information for managing their organization. Practices refer to what library managers do when they do their job using digital technologies. Their work practices are presented as a complex reality where different managers have different, although interconnected, perspectives and see different priorities. The use of digital technologies is part of library managers’ everyday work practices. However not all managers have the same perspectives on the use of digital technologies. The various interacting perceptions of reality can be explored as different managers have different worldviews that affect their respective approach of managing and of using the technology for that purpose. The Library organization is conceptualized as an information-intensive ecosystem consisting of complex interplays among academic library managers, everyday work practices, digital technologies and content. Within the library system, several human activity systems constructed by managers exist. By the use of Soft Systems Methodology modelling we illustrate some of these existing human activity systems and relate these to purpose and function within the overall organization. Our focus is on information created and mediated within these human activity systems and discuss the means of technology to facilitate managers’ everyday work practices.
4.	Chronéer, Diana, et al. (författare) The Missing Chart and Compass to Open Governance : Research in progress 2018 Ingår i: Presented at SWEG 2018. The 15th Scandinavian Workshop on E-Government. - Copenhagen. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Today’s society is facing a number of pervasive societal trends such as increased globalization, accelerating urbanisation, a growing knowledge society, stronger individualization, as well as increased variety and pluralism (SOU 2016:89). These phenomena are driven and enabled by the data driven digitalization and new technologies, and taken together they indicate that a digital transformation is ongoing. In the end the digital transformation of the society will influence all, from individuals to nations and globally. It is plausible to say that the digital transformation is unescapable and Janowski (2015) claims that it is clear that governments and policymakers must pay attention to and be ready to govern the digital space since many of the cultural, political, economical and other human activities now occur in the digital space. Sweden aims high, in 2012 the Swedish government appointed Digitaliseringskommissionen the mission to realize the IT policy goal; to become supreme in making use of all the possibilities that digitalization brings along. Digitaliseringskommissionen states that Sweden is strong in areas such as infrastructure, human capital and use of the Internet, and have many ICT specialists, but Sweden is weak when it comes to digitalizing the public sphere; there is lack of co-ordination of administrations (finding common solutions) and open data (SOU 2016:89).
5.	Dilemmas 2015 Papers from the 18th Annual International Conference Dilemmas for Human Services : Organizing, Designing and Managing 2017 Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract The 18th annual International Research Conference ‘Dilemmas for Human Services’ and the preliminary Doctoral Consortium took place at Linnaeus University and Teleborg castle in Växjo, Sweden, during September 9th–11th 2015. The conference was organized as a joint effort between Linnaeus University, Växjö, and University of Linköping.The Dilemmas conference dates back to 1995. It was formed, and is maintained, by scholars at Staffordshire University, University of East London, and Luleå University of Technology. Generally, Dilemmas stimulates critical analysis and reflections, and encourages more careful considerations about dominant ideas and notions relevant for human services. With this, Dilemmas nurtures meetings between established and new coming scholars where policy, organizational, management and sociological issues relating to human services can be considered. The research topics relevant to such span areas of e.g. health, social services, housing and education.
6.	Elm, Patrik, 1972-, et al. (författare) Exploring threshold concept when teaching Systems Thinking and Soft Systems Methodology 2018 Ingår i: OR60 Annual Conference, 11-13 Sept. 2018, Lancaster University, Birmingham. - Birmingham, UK : The Operational Research Society. ; , s. 202-202 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract It has been argued that the threshold concepts of a discipline are the gateways to a deeper understanding of disciplinary knowledge. These are also keys to improving student learning outcomes and progressive learning. Research has been done on systems as a threshold concept for understanding other disciplinary issues, like sustainability. However, we explore the threshold concepts of understanding systems itself, that is, in this case the disciplinary framework of systems thinking and Soft Systems Methodology. The term threshold concept is stated as having emerged from the UK project Enhancing Teaching and Learning Environments in Undergraduate Courses. It is argued to be a means leading to a transformed way of understanding or learning. Five key characteristics of threshold concepts have been identified in previous research. These are troublesome knowledge, transformation, irreversibility, integration, and boundedness. Later on, reconstitution, discourse and liminality were added.We have explored threshold concepts for teaching systems thinking and Soft Systems Methodology in a mixed knowledge environment, including students from different disciplines, in a developing country. The students were presented with an issue related to their everyday life as university students and with the aim of applying systems thinking ideas and techniques for the betterment of their university and, in the long run, their society. They were also asked to write a reflection paper related to the learning objectives of the course and on what they have learnt about Soft Systems Methodology (theory) and when applied to the specific case. We report on which pertinent threshold concepts we have identified, both of our own experience as teachers and of the students’ reflection papers.
7.	Gibney, Michele, et al. (författare) Evolution of a Course : Instructional Design Elements and Impacts 2018 Ingår i: UBT International Conference. - Pristina, Kosovo : UBT Knowledge Center. - 9789951437691 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract During the 2017 Spring semester, international educators from Sweden and the United States collaborated on delivery of an Information Systems, Analysis, Design and Modeling graduate course at the University for Business and Technology (UBT) in Kosovo. In the Spring of 2018, the team taught course was offered a second time, with both graduate and undergraduate students. In the first year, student work focused on the conceptual design of a UBT Knowledge Center ecosystem, using Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) co-design tools. The Spring 2018 course built upon and expanded this work through more granular exploration of possible local systems designs for making local knowledge discoverable, employing SSM and emphasizing Informed Learning to foster an enriched exploration of the topic. Differences between the pedagogical course design and student experience reflections will be explored in this paper to highlight the impact of ‘flipped classroom’ teaching and cross- disciplinary/cross-degree group work, within the larger context of systems thinking educational efficacy.
8.	Golshan, Behrooz, 1979- (författare) Digital Capability and Business Model Reconfiguration : a co-evolutionary perspective 2018 Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract While IT-enabled innovations continue to disrupt long-lasting industries, emerging concepts and theories seek to explain implications of digitalisation on its value, competition and organisation. Over the past two decades, the notions of digital capability and business model reconfiguration as antecedents of organisational performance have become increasingly influential in the Information Systems literature. Appreciation of the role of strategic agility, external resources and interorganisational collaborations on IT-enabled value propositions has shaped the core logic and fundamental assumptions of the two aforementioned concepts. Nevertheless, the relationship between digital capability and business model reconfiguration remains underinvested and largely elusive. In order to reconcile such fragmented literature, the aim of this study is to investigate the coevolutionary dynamics of digital capability and business model reconfigurations.Digital capability reflects on the organisational ability to identify IT-enabled opportunities and deploy IS/IT to mobilise resources and structures in order to exploit those opportunities. Business model reconfiguration encapsulates management agenda to elevate value propositions for customers, partners and other stakeholders in order to create and capture value. It entails altering organisational resources and processes to enable such value propositions.Empirical data that is used in this thesis is gathered from an insurance company and contains information about the internal and external contexts, decisions, actions and performance between 2008 and 2016. There are four major phases during this time period. As identified, during each, the company revised its strategic intentions, invested in new IS/IT and human resources and reconfigured its business model.Results of this study illustrate that organisational digital capability drives strategic intentions for co-exploration and co-exploitation of value with partners. Such emerging strategies shape the configuration of the firm’s business model, which in turn leads to investments for generating the required IS competencies. This process increases the organisational digital capability, which affects the future cycles.Development of each IS competency is a result of co- exploration strategies. It is likely that such IS competencies are leveraged for co-exploitation in the future phases. In addition, Business-to-Business (B2B) IS competencies are instrumental in operationalising business models: however, as the number of partners grow and configuration of business models change, dyadic connections are likely to be replaced by standard ones. Strategies of co-exploration and co-exploitation could lead to innovative, adoptive or evolutionary business model reconfigurations. However, for incumbent organisations, business model innovation seems to follow several business model adaptations and evolutions. That is, a great deal of organisational learning and tinkering with business models, strategic intentions and technological backbone is needed to innovate business models.The final contribution of this research is the analytical model devised for exploring the essence of strategic decision making in dynamic environments. Based on the Appreciative Systems Model, the model illustrates how the perception of the constant flux of events and ideas leads to strategic intentions based on value and reality judgments, which in turn triggers action to operationalise those understandings. Both formulating the intentions and executing them will change future events, perceived ideas and emerging intentions based on evolving values and standards.
9.	Golshan, Behrooz, et al. (författare) Digital Capability for Practice : Implications of Appreciative Systems Model on Analysing Organisational Strategies 2018 Ingår i: OR60 Annual Conference, 11-13 Sept. 2018, Lancaster University. - Birmingham : The Operational Research Society. ; , s. 215-215 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract IT-enabled innovations continually disrupt logics of value, competition and organisation in a growing number of industries. Increasingly, value is created, delivered and captured in complex cross-industry value networks through which external resources and capabilities are accessed. Accordingly, strategic intentions for interorganisational collaborations have become an integral part of the overall strategic framework for firms operating in such environments.Driving from the Appreciative Systems Model, Digital capability and Strategy as Practice perspectives, the proposed model illustrates how and why strategic decisions are made and sustained in complex digitalised environments. That is, events and ideas such as technological change, competition, business trends or internal shortcomings leads to formulation of strategic intentions that are validated by the organisational digital capability. The action phase that follows might involve business model reconfiguration and investments in new IS competencies. Lessons learnt during such cycle adding to the newly acquired IS competencies reinforces the organisational digital capability, which elevates the standards used for formulating future appreciations. In line with the emerging literature on the concept of digital capability, the proposed framework accounts for the two-way relationship between IS/IT and organisational strategies. That is, previous investments in IS/IT functions affect standards and perceptions of events and ideas, which lead to changed appreciations. The action phase that follows might include investments in new IS/IT functions which in turn affect the future cycles. The concepts of appreciation and action also comply with the notions of strategy as intended (appreciation) verses strategy as executed (action), and how both of them affect future cycles.
10.	Golshan, Behrooz, et al. (författare) Methodological Inefficiencies for Investigating Digital Strategy : Application of Appreciative Systems Models for Longitudinal Studies 2019 Ingår i: The OR Society Annual Conference OR61, 3-5 September 2019, Sibson Building, Kent University. - : The Operational Research Society. ; , s. 157-158 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Strategic Information Systems research has faced a significant methodological shortcoming in the recent decades. That is, while scholars appreciate the systemic nature of implications of digital technologies on operational and competitive environments, and the two-way relationship between investments in digital technologies and strategic moves, mainstream analytical approaches fail to grasp such systemic and bidirectional relationships. Consequently, cumulative research does not provide comprehensive contextualising and theorising the implications of emerging digital technologies on digital transformation of organizations, markets and industries. Investigating the process of digital transformation in an insurance company through the lenses of the Appreciative Systems Models for over eight years, we believe that the model can serve as the philosophical underpinning to devise new analytical models for investigating strategic information systems in a holistic perspective.The model starts with two stranded ropes that depict the constant flux of events and ideas in the day-to-day life. Actors perceptions of such events and ideas could lead to interventions, or actions, that are justified through judgments and standers. The key point here is that both appreciations and actions affect not only the future flux of events and ideas, but also standards and values that future appreciations would be judged against. In the contexts of digital transformation, the flux of events and ideas represents technological innovations, disruptions and other emerging factors that shape the operational and competitive environments. Appreciations represent strategic intents that are formed by the managements perceptions and judged by the firms experience in acquiring and levering digital technologies. Actions represent business model reconfigurations in order to execute strategic intents. Using this model to develop a timeline based on each time that the organization undergo a change process, could help scholars, and practitioners alike, better understand emerging strategic intentions against the organizational technological and strategic know-how.
11.	Guo, Yang (författare) Heterogeneous Knowledge Sharing in eHealth : Modeling, Validation and Application 2019 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Knowledge sharing has become an important issue in the eHealth field for improving the quality of healthcare service. However, since eHealth subject is a multidisciplinary and cross-organizational area, knowledge sharing is a serious challenge when it comes to developing eHealth systems. Thus, this thesis studies the heterogeneous knowledge sharing in eHealth and proposes a knowledge sharing ontology. The study consists of three main parts: modeling, validation and application.In the modeling part, knowledge sharing in eHealth is studied from two main aspects: the first aspect is the heterogeneous knowledge of different healthcare actors, and the second aspect is the interactivities among various healthcare actors. In this part, the contribution is to propose an Activity Theory based Ontology (ATO) model to highlight and represent these two aspects of eHealth knowledge sharing, which is helpful for designing efficient eHealth systems.In the validation part, a questionnaire based survey is conducted to practically validate the feasibility of the proposed ATO model. The survey results are analyzed to explore the effectiveness of the proposed model for designing efficient knowledge sharing in eHealth. Further, a web based software prototype is constructed to validate the applicability of the ATO model for practical eHealth systems. In this part, the contribution is to explore and show how the proposed ATO model can be validated.In the application part, the importance and usefulness of applying the proposed ATO model to solve two real problems are addressed. These two problems are healthcare decision making and appointment scheduling. There is a similar basic challenge in both these problems: a healthcare provider (e.g., a doctor) needs to provide optimal healthcare service (e.g., suitable medicine or fast treatment) to a healthcare receiver (e.g., a patient). Here, the optimization of the healthcare service needs to be achieved in accordance with eHealth knowledge which is distributed in the system and needs to be shared, such as the doctor’s competence, the patient’s health status, and priority control on patients’ diseases. In this part, the contribution is to propose a smart system called eHealth Appointment Scheduling System (eHASS) based on ATO model.This research work has been presented in eight conference and journal papers, which, along with an introductory chapter, are included in this compilation thesis.
12.	Hajrizi, Edmond, et al. (författare) The UBT Knowledge Center : A Collaborative Design Approach 2017 Ingår i: Proceedings UBT 6th Annual International Conference 27-29 october, 2017. - : UBT Higher Education Institution. - 9789951437547 ; , s. 5-11 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract In setting the institutional vision for University for Business and Technology in 2001,founder Dr. Edmond Hajrizi sought to educate Kosovo students to become active contributors tothe society and in the workplace, within the country, the Balkans region, and beyond. The UBTKnowledge Center initiative extends the founding vision of national development through highereducation. Since local knowledge, identity, and learning are necessarily situated, Kosovarstudents, faculty, staff, and administrators serve as topical experts and international educatorsfrom Sweden and the United States serve as design facilitators for this collaborative project. Thispaper presents the vision for and concept of the Knowledge Center, followed by reflections onthe process so far and anticipated future actions.
13.	Hajrizi, Edmond, et al. (författare) The UBT Knowledge Center : A Collaborative Design Approach 2017 Ingår i: International Journal of Business and Technology. - : UBT Knowledge Center. - 2223-8387. ; 6:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In setting the institutional vision for University for Business and Technology in 2001, founder Dr. Edmond Hajrizi sought to educate Kosovo students to become active contributors to the society and in the workplace, within the country, the Balkans region, and beyond. The UBT Knowledge Center initiative extends the founding vision of national development through higher education. Since local knowledge, identity, and learning are necessarily situated, Kosovar students, faculty, staff, and administrators serve as topical experts and international educators from Sweden and the United States serve as design facilitators. Participatory design commenced in April 2017 when international faculty from Sweden and the United States co-taught a graduate level course, Information Systems Analysis, Design, and Modelling, at the Pristina campus. Working with UBT administrators, directors, managers, and librarians, students worked in teams to co-design three essential parts of a holistic Knowledge Center ecosystem: a digital environment to advance local knowledge visibility, an organizational environment to enhance boundary crossing collaboration, and a digital academic library environment to enable discovery of and access to published academic scholarship. Following these ‘learn by doing’ instructional activities, exploratory knowledge management discussions produced a Knowledge Center concept paper in July 2017, with funding from the Fulbright Specialist Program. The white paper recognizes the social context of learning – that knowledge is acquired and understood through action, interaction, and sharing with others. It thereby anticipates the social relationships necessary for information exchange and knowledge creation, oftentimes enabled by technology, for knowledge incubation in the university and beyond. This collaborative design approach anticipates continuing to convene multidisciplinary conversations and to integrate interdisciplinary coursework into realization of the University’s founding knowledge vision which recognizes the critical importance of developing new and more complex ways for connecting people, information, and technology in the university and with the society. In response, the UBT Knowledge Center aims to foster knowledge creation which curates and preserves intellectual, cultural, national, and regional resources for future generations.
14.	Hajrizi, Edmond, et al. (författare) University for Business and Technology University Libraries and Knowledge Center : A Concept Paper 2017 Ingår i: 8th International Conference Information Systems and Technology Innovations, Tirana, Albania, June 23-24, 2017.. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The most significant innovation enables the realization of far greater human potential. The catalyst of such creativity in higher education is the acquisition of new knowledge and the living of new experiences. Then, within innovation and incubation environments, new thinking enriches knowledge handed down from previous generations, enlivens contemporary lives and informs future growth. Emergent knowledge encourages recognition of the limitations of traditional academic disciplines, exploration of new interdisciplinary frontiers, and, from this, novel transdisciplinary insights that unlock human potential and improve human conditions.In response, the University for Business and Technology intends to build collaboration environments to enable discovery and access, interpretation and analysis, creation and sharing of knowledge. These aspirations recognize the synergies possible when individual discovery is reinforced by collective inquiry with the shared purpose of using information to learn to create knowledge together. Further, this UBT planning initiative acknowledges that societal progress, whether local or global, ultimately depends on catalyzing, fortifying, and affirming human inquiry. So enabling environments will place humans at the center of the knowledge creation spaces and places that aim to advance participant capabilities to meet the demands of working in a global marketplace and living in a global society.
15.	Hattinger, Monika, 1969- (författare) Co-constructing Expertise : Competence Development through Work-Integrated e-Learning in joint Industry-University Collaboration 2018 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract This thesis is inter-disciplinary and proceed from the ongoing challenges of the increased digitalization, automation and robotization that impact the manufacturing industry's emergent need of high-qualified practitioners. Digitalization also challenges universities to open up to external collaboration and to design blended e-learning targeting industry knowledge needs. The studies take up on such challenges and explore inter-organizational collaborations and forms of knowledge construction to strengthen engineering competences integrated inwork in a way that enables manufacturing companies to remain effective and to be prepared for future industrial transformations. The objective is to explore how mutual construction of knowledge emerge through learning activities between multiple actors in a joint industry-university collaborative e-learning practice. The empirical setting is a new type of collaborative course concept developed within the project ProdEx. The project comprise a network of industries and one university in a longitudinal design and implementation process of blended and work-integrated e-learning. This initiative was explored with a collaborative action research approach integrated with five studies, from four perspectives, the industry managers, the practitioners, the research teachers and the course unit. Negotiated knotworking, from cultural-historical activity theory, became a central theoretical concept and a working tool to examine how managers, practitioners and research teachers together negotiated production technology knowledge content and e-learning design towards future workplace transformations. This concept was used to further understand how co-construction of knowledge was developing over time into a richer concept. The results contributes to a wider understanding of how co-construction of knowledge in an e-learning design practice was developing into stronger relations between actors and into more stable courses. Real learning cases and digital labs support theory-practical intertwining of mutual learning of active participation between practitioners and ix research teachers. Initial e-learning technology failures and pedagogical mistakes in the courses were easier to overcome, than issues concerning continuous company support for course participation. Matching industry competence needs with university research fields is continuously challenging. Practitioners' aiming for personal continuous competence development on university level created critical and high-qualitative performances and valuable engagement throughout the process of co-construction of knowledge. The knowledge co-construction became a two-way development, pushing research teachers to active involve and consider practitioners' industry experiences concerning learning content, pedagogical strategies and e-learning forms. While earlier research has discussed the problems of crossing boundaries between industry and university, overall findings show that industry and university actors are crossing boundaries when they mutually co-construct knowledge in an elearningpractice. Co-construction of knowledge entail mutual trust, sideways and interactive learning in a collaborative context. The main contribution suggested in the thesis is that co-constructing expertise entail three levels of activities among actors; to have insight into the purposes and practices of others (relational expertise), the capacity to transform the problems of a practice and together build common knowledge (distributed expertise), and finally the capacity of mutually co-construct knowledge acted upon in practice towards work-integrated transformations (co-constructing expertise).
16.	Kurti, Erdelina, et al. (författare) Can Kuhn’s conception of paradigm shift explain the digital transformation of business models? 2016 Ingår i: Information Systems and Technology Innovations: the New Paradigm for a Smarter Economy. - : Department of Statistics and Applied Informatics Faculty of Economy, University of Tirana. - 9789928148568 ; , s. 91-92 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract In this paper, we adopt Thomas Kuhn’s perspective of scientific progress, to discuss whether digitalization and specifically digital transformation of business models represents a shift to a new paradigm. We argue that digital operations and artefacts manifest some inherent characteristics, that significantly differ from traditional business models. Whereas the latter logics operates according to the conventional economic rules, the digital realm function according to the economics of digital information that involves some inherent unique features such as the importance of network effects, negligible marginal costs, different pricing mechanisms, reduction of transaction costs and different revenue models. These features make digital information products difficult to translate and address in economic terms. Thus, a new set of assumptions is required, because the production, distribution and consumption of digital information products encompasses a distinct inherent logic.
17.	Magnusson, Lars, 1952-, et al. (författare) On System Thinking and Information Security 2019 Ingår i: The OR Society Annual Conference OR61, 3-5 September 2019, Sibson Building, Kent University. - : The Operational Research Society. ; , s. 161-162 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Security problems we have to deal with today regarding Internet are created by ourselves. Internet, initially created to handle US Government data traffic, evolved to become communication between different research institutes. The protocols that were used had no security at all. Today we still use this network to almost everything and the complexity has grown tremendously. Compared to when the network initially was created, we now try to protect assets rather than just communicate, divide users according to permission and accessibility, and deal with privacy issues. Basically, everything is depending on the network that initially was created with no security.Privacy has been a critical security aspect for the EU, but with the event of the GDPR privacy is both a legal aspect and an auditable ICT concept. GDPR includes topics like: owning your own data, independent of who collected it and where it is stored, and; the right to be forgotten. Each data collector also needs to have a complete data-flow map, describing any privacy data sets in a flow, to make these traceable and ready for audit inspection. Any organization handling EU residents’ data, needs to adhere to proactive Information Security processes. GDPR is based on the principles of Governance, Risk, and Compliance. It is not a purely legal construct; it is a management and strategy issue, not an IT issue. Further examples relate to cloud services with distributed resources, which illustrate the complex problem situation.There is a need for a new perspective, moving from systems management to data flow management. We propose a systemic model which illustrate processes and flows within a fractal structure; we build on Beer’s Viable System Model. Such a model enables mapping of complexity and data flows and provide a tool for auditing and, thus, enable meeting the requirements of GDPR.
18.	Magnusson, Lars, 1952-, et al. (författare) Searching for a Governance Model to manage and secure the data flow in organizations, as required by GDPR 2018 Ingår i: Information System Research Seminar in Scandinavia, Aarhus University in Odder, Denmark, August 5th - 8th 2018. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Since the end of the 1980s, there have been several initiatives to control and manage enterprise IT environments. ITIL is one of the more successful models, COBIT another, accompanied by others as British Petroleum’s OBASHI model. However, thanks to the IP protocol and Internet, since mid-2000 the world has seen a veritable data explosion, affecting IS governance, singular IS systems now integrated. Some recent predictions expect current data volumes to grow more than 10 times till 2020, with serious implications both on governance and IT security. Additionally, we see some new EU regulations, i.e., primarily the new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), implemented in May 2018. Something that directly affects the scope of IS governance within the European Union and for non-European entities handling EU Citizens’ personal data; with substantial fines if not complying. The regulation forces anyone handling personal data to consider information strategies that include big data management, IS governance, and information security as a convoluted context, not by themselves, a governance package. This creates a need for a paradigm shift to remediate/mitigate identified limitations in today’s traditional governance models. This paper discusses governance from a holistic and agile perspective, based on the overall data flow, as per the requirements of GDPR. Issues that were not envisioned when today’s IS governance models were designed or not even in their latest releases.
19.	Magnusson, Lars, et al. (författare) Towards Secure Data Flow Oriented Multi-Vendor IT Governance Models 2017 Ingår i: UBT 6th Annual International Conference 2017. - 9789951437547 ; , s. 163-163 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Today, still, ICT Governance is being regarded as a departmental concern, not an overall organizational concern. History has shown us that implementation strategies, which are based on departments, results in fractional implementations leading to ad hoc solutions with no central control and stagnation for the in-house ICT strategy. Further, this recently has created an opinion trend; many are talking about the ICT department as being redundant, a dying out breed, which should be replaced by on-demand specialized external services. Clearly, the evermore changing surroundings do force organizations to accelerate the pace of new adaptations within their ICTplans, more vivacious than most organizations currently is able to. This leads to that ICT departments tend to be reactive rather than acting proactively and take the lead in the increased transformation pace in which organizations find themselves. Simultaneously, the monolithic systems of the 1980ies/1990ies is often very dominating in an organization, consume too much of the yearly IT budget, leaving healthy system development behind. These systems were designed before data became an organizational all-encompassing resource; the systems were designed more or less in isolation in regards to the surrounding environment. These solutions make data sharing costly and not at all optimal. Additionally, in strives to adapt to the organization’s evolution, the initial architecture has become disrupted and built up in shreds. Adding to this, on May 25, 2018, an upgraded EU Privacy Regulation on General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) will be activated. This upgraded privacy regulation includes a substantial strengthening of 1994’s data privacy regulation, which will profoundly affect EU organizations. This regulation will, among other things, limit the right to collect and process personal data and will give the data subject all rights to his/her data sets, independentof where this data is/has been collected and by whom. Such regulation force data collecting and processingorganizations to have total control over any personal data collected and processed. This includes detailedunderstanding of data flows, including who did what and when and under who’s authorization, and how data istransported and stored. Concerning data/information flows, maps are a mandatory part of the system documentation. Thisencompasses all systems, including outsourced such as cloud services.Hence, individual departments cannot any longer claim they “own” data. Further, since mid-2000, we have seen aglobal inter-organizational data integration, independent of organizations, public or private. If this integration ceasesto exist, the result will be a threat to the survival of the organization. Additionally, if the organization fails to providea transparent documentation according to the GDPR, substantial economic risk is at stake. So, the discussion aboutthe ICT departments’ demise is inapt. Anyorganizational change will require costly and time-consuming ICTdevelopment efforts to adapt to the legislation of today’s situation. Further, since data nowadays is interconnectedand transformed at all levels, interacting at multiple intersections all over the organization, and becoming a unifiedbase of all operative decisions, an ICT governance model for the organization is require
20.	Magnusson, Lars, et al. (författare) Towards secure data flow oriented multi-vendor IT governance models 2018 Ingår i: International Journal of Business and Technology. - : UBT. - 2223-8387. ; 6:3, s. 1-9 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Today, still, ICT Governance is being regarded as a departmental concern, not an overall organizational concern. History has shown us that implementation strategies, which are based on departments, results in fractional implementations leading to ad hoc solutions with no central control and stagnation for the in-house ICT strategy. Further, this recently has created an opinion trend; many are talking about the ICT department as being redundant, a dying out breed, which should be replaced by on-demand specialized external services. Clearly, the evermore changing surroundings do force organizations to accelerate the pace of new adaptations within their ICT plans, more vivacious than most organizations currently is able to. This leads to that ICT departments tend to be reactive rather than acting proactively and take the lead in the increased transformation pace in which organizations find themselves. Simultaneously, the monolithic systems of the 1980ies/1990ies is often very dominating in an organization, consume too much of the yearly IT budget, leaving healthy system development behind. These systems were designed before data became an organizational all-encompassing resource; the systems were designed more or less in isolation in regards to the surrounding environment. These solutions make data sharing costly and not at all optimal. Additionally, in strives to adapt to the organization’s evolution, the initial architecture has become disrupted and built up in shreds. Adding to this, on May 25, 2018, an upgraded EU Privacy Regulation on General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) will be activated. This upgraded privacy regulation includes a substantial strengthening of 1994’s data privacy regulation, which will profoundly affect EU organizations. This regulation will, among other things, limit the right to collect and process personal data and will give the data subject all rights to his/her data sets, independentof where this data is/has been collected and by whom. Such regulation force data collecting and processingorganizations to have total control over any personal data collected and processed. This includes detailedunderstanding of data flows, including who did what and when and under who’s authorization, and how data istransported and stored. Concerning data/information flows, maps are a mandatory part of the system documentation. This encompasses all systems, including outsourced such as cloud services. Hence, individual departments cannot any longer claim they “own” data. Further, since mid-2000, we have seen aglobal inter-organizational data integration, independent of organizations, public or private. If this integration ceasesto exist, the result will be a threat to the survival of the organization. Additionally, if the organization fails to providea transparent documentation according to the GDPR, substantial economic risk is at stake. So, the discussion aboutthe ICT departments’ demise is inapt. Any organizational change will require costly and time-consuming ICTdevelopment efforts to adapt to the legislation of today’s situation. Further, since data nowadays is interconnectedand transformed at all levels, interacting at multiple intersections all over the organization, and becoming a unifiedbase of all operative decisions, an ICT governance model for the organization is required.
21.	Mirijamdotter, Anita, 1955- (författare) IS Analysis, Design and Modeling : Information Systems Master Program, Academic Year 2016/2017 2017 Annan publikation
22.	Mirijamdotter, Anita, 1955-, et al. (författare) Making Local Knowledge Visible : The Case of the University for Business and Technology in Kosovo 2018 Ingår i: Systems research and behavioral science. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1092-7026 .- 1099-1743. ; 35:5, s. 588-597 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A vision to further national development through higher education now informs planning for the University for Business and Technology Knowledge Center. At its essence, the Center aims to make local knowledge visible through furthering discovery of and access to research content produced by academic students and university professors on institu- tional, local and international levels. This paper reports on conceptual exploration of this in- stitutional idea during spring semester 2017 in a graduate course on systems thinking and methodology. Using active learning pedagogy to improve local situations, an international teaching team facilitated student and stakeholder engagement in participatory design activ- ities using soft systems methodology tools and techniques. Course evaluation outcomes re- vealed students’ improved levels of knowledge and development of insights. In addition, their course work demonstrated their advanced understanding of systems thinking and its application. Furthermore, students expressed high motivation to learn more about other human-centred theories and participatory design tools. In considering the value of the University’s knowledge vision, they were especially enthusiastic about its implications for furthering national democratic development in Kosovo and regional economic growth in south-eastern Europe.
23.	Mirijamdotter, Anita, 1955- (författare) Managing the complexity – systems thinking 2018 Ingår i: Presented at IC-ISS2018, 7th International Conference on Information Systems and Security, Pristina, Kosovo, October 26-28, 2018. - 9789951437691 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
24.	Mirijamdotter, Anita, 1955-, et al. (författare) The development and implementation of a PhD Program in ICT for the Kosovo Education System 2019 Ingår i: 9th International Conference Information Systems and Technology Innovation: Smart economy and digital transformation, Tirana, Albania, May 17-18, 2019. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Despite ever accelerating workplace changes, including rapidly expanding technological access and fast improving information and communication systems, the education system in Kosovo is not fully developed enough to provide a high-quality research-based education in Information and Communication Technology. Coping simultaneously with varied national priorities, Kosovo – a small country with 2 million inhabitants and a national budget of only 2.3 billion – lacks the needed investments to fundamentally transform the quality of the education system. A funded ICT doctoral program would address today’s workforce priorities and requirements. The design and delivery of a national PhD program in ICT is crucial for Kosovo in order to ensure competitive readiness within the regional education systems and national economies of the West Balkans - and beyond. This paper argues the need for PhD programs and offers insights into a proposed project, the aim of which is to put Kosovo on the map by offering a PhD in the ICT field.
25.	Mirijamdotter, Anita, 1955-, et al. (författare) University for Business and Technology Knowledge Center : Making Local Knowledge Visible 2017 Ingår i: Paper presented at the Vienna 2017 International Society for System Sciences, The 61st ISSS World Conference, Vienna, July 9-14, 2017. - : International Society for the Systems Sciences. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Our paper draws together conceptual innovations emerging from the work of a group of researchers focussed on the relational approach to information literacy, more recently labelled ‘informed learning’. Team members have been working together in various configurations for periods ranging from seven to seventeen years. Our collaborative approach continues to yield new concepts and constructs which we believe to be of value to ongoing research and practice. Some of the ideas discussed have been previouly published, while others are being put forward for the first time. All are significant in that they together form new constructs that have emerged from a focus on the relational approach to information literacy. In this paper, Christine Bruce introduces the background to this work and the contributing researchers. Then the individual authors present the key directions which they have developed and are leading, typically working with one or more of the wider network. The key ideas presented are: The expressive window for information literacy (Mandy Lupton); information experience design (Elham Sayyad Abdi); cross-contextuality and experienced identity (Andrew Demasson); informed learning design (Clarence Maybee); spaces for inclusive informed learning (Hilary Hughes); and informed systems (Mary Somerville and Anita Mirjamdotter). In each piece, authors reflect on what the idea is about, where it came from and what it might mean for research and practice.
26.	Runardotter, Mari, et al. (författare) Digital transformation in public agencies : Oh roadmap, where art thou? 2018 Ingår i: OR60 Annual Conference, 11-13 Sept. 2018, Lancaster University, Birmingham. - Birmingham : The Operational Research Society. ; , s. 200-201 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Swedish public agencies are struggling with how to accomplish digital transformation throughout their organisations. The reason for their efforts rests with the highly set IT-goal; Sweden should be superior in seizing the opportunities that digitalization brings along. Our research shows that public agencies are clear over what is expected, but for most of them, it is not obvious how to tackle this challenge.Digital transformation aims at changing the way of working, roles, and business offerings enabled by adoption of digital technologies in an organization. As such, it requires changes at various levels from operational, via organizational and managerial to societal levels. We reason that public agencies are in need of systems thinking – when the challenges around developing organizational preconditions and processes for digital transformation are as diverse as, e.g., digital capability, innovative capability, create open engagement between stakeholders (external and internal), and new ways to manage it all; a change of mindset is required. Only with new ways of looking at and doing things, public agencies will reach the policies on openness, transparency and collaboration, which are expected outcomes of digital transformation.We aim to explore what strategies, plans and activities are needed, in order to ensure that digital transformation actually happens in public agencies. In addition, we argue that approaches and methods for user involvement must be applied among various involved stakeholders – we focus especially on issues of participation and user involvement. Thus, our intention is to explore using Soft Systems Methodology for guiding two involved public agencies in this project, in search for a, so called, digital transformation roadmap. Moreover, we also aim to include the Viable System Model to guide accurate diagnoses of the systems, thereby being capable of suggesting viable ways forward.
27.	Salavati, Sadaf, 1985-, et al. (författare) Soft Systems Methodology and Cognitive Mapping : A Linkage between the Initial Phases of SSM 2017 Ingår i: Paper presented at the Vienna 2017 International Society for System Sciences, The 61st ISSS World Conference, Vienna, July 9-14, 2017. - : International Society for the Systems Sciences. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Systems Thinking enables to simplify our thinking about and management of complex realities and messes. Throughout the existence of the Systems Thinking philosophy several systems approaches have been developed with varying perspectives and purposes. This paper focus on the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) which emerged from the Hard Systems approaches, such as Systems Engineering. The aim was to use systems principles for unstructured, ill-defined problematical situations. The main system concepts that SSM build on are emerging properties, hierarchy, and feedback communication. Through its use the notion of worldview for meaningful actions has evolved as crucial. This paper builds on this notion and include Cognitive Mapping to make plain different worldviews and their relation to meaningful action in a hierarchical approach. Cognitive Mapping also has its roots in Systems Thinking approaches. Its origins in psychology and have been included in Operational Research applications with the aim of mapping and representing how a person thinks about a particular situation, issue or problem.The paper discusses the features of Soft Systems Methodology and Cognitive Mapping including the interrelation. The combination of these approaches is demonstrated in a case which investigates thecomplexity of compulsory school teachers’ use of digital technologies in their everyday practice. The research followed a focused ethnographic approach, based on observations and interviews, which allowed the researcher to collect rich empirical data that related to various stakeholder perspectives. These perspectives affect the everyday practice of the school teachers and their possibilities to combine use of digital technology in education and own teaching philosophy.Through the combination of Cognitive Mapping and one of the SSM modelling techniques we demonstrate an approach that bridges the richness of the real-world situation and the analytical phase of SSM. This approach advanced the understanding of underlying factors that contribute to the complexity of this particular situation and enabled insights which, if transferred to appropriate actions, may lead to an improved situation for involved stakeholders.
28.	Salavati, Sadaf, 1985- (författare) Use of Digital Technologies in Education : The Complexity of Teachers' Everyday Practice 2016 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract In this dissertation the complex, dynamic, contextual and multi-dimensional practice of teachers’ use of digital technologies in their everyday work has been illustrated and presented. The research draws upon the experience of teachers and school leaders from two compulsory schools as well as representatives from the municipal Department of Education and IT-unit within a municipality in the south of Sweden.A focused ethnographic approach has been undertaken and applied observations and interviews. Systems Thinking, specifically Soft Systems Methodology in combination with Cognitive Mapping have been applied to analyze the empirical material.The theoretical foundation builds upon teachers’ worldview towards digital technologies, because it is noted that teachers more easily adopt and use innovations that are in accordance with their personal thoughts and beliefs about teaching and learning. Further, teachers’ attitude and perception towards use of digital technologies are addressed as well as the role of school leadership. Additionally, importance of context, teachers’ knowledge and pedagogics have been discussed referring to various frameworks.The dissertation aims to illuminate the complex nature of teachers’ everyday practice. To gain understanding of the situation as a whole, there is also need to shed light on various aspects and underlying perspectives. Thus, this research aims to illuminate and advance the understanding of the complexity of compulsory school teachers’ everyday work practices using digital technologies.The outcome of this dissertation illustrates the complexity of teachers’ everyday practices as well as additional issues adding to the complexity, and shows that these complex issues are worthy of further study. Among the issues emerged from this dissertation are differences in regard to how the complex situation is understood because different actors have multiple and sometimes conflicting worldviews. Ambiguities in core objectives and relevant concepts were found. Additionally, a pervasive lack of understanding about the realities of daily education and teaching practices, including variances in worldviews and mindsets was found adding to the complexity of teachers’ everyday practice using digital technologies.
29.	Somerville, Mary M., et al. (författare) From global theories to local practice and original knowledge : Learning the way through systems co-design 2018 Ingår i: Information Literacy: From Practice to Research and Back Again - Library Theory and Research with Information Literacy. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Information focused, learning centered, and systems enabled, Informed Systems (Somerville, United States) guides collaborative design (co-design) of the University for Business and Technology Knowledge Center in Pristina, Kosovo. Conceptual modeling activities since April 2017 engage students in integrating Informed Learning theory (Bruce, Australia) and Soft Systems Methodology (Checkland, England) to progress a shared vision to make local knowledge visible through co-created systems, services, and resources. Foundational Informed Learning categories, information and communication technologies, information sources, and information and knowledge generation -to progress information curation and knowledge management– illustrate the transformative potential of this theory-to-practice initiative, customized to local priorities and values.
30.	Somerville, Mary M., et al. (författare) Informed Systems : To Advance Organizational Capacity and Co-Worker Capability 2018 Ingår i: Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - Honolulu, HI 96822 : ScholarSpace, Hamilton Library, the University of Hawaii at Manoa. - 9780998133119 ; , s. 5327-5334 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Since its introduction at HICSS-39, Informed Systems has evolved both through and as a process of organizational design for -˜learning in action.’ Fortified by Bruce’s informed learning theory and fostered by Checkland’s soft systems methodology, the approach is catalysed by participatory design, elaborated by action research, and expressed as information experience. The aim throughout is information exchange for knowledge creation through -˜working together.’ Organizational capacity builds as colleagues use information to learn in ever expanding professional contexts. This paper explores aspects of the -˜bridge’ between individual and collective learning through enabling organizational systems and associated professional practices. An Informed Systems Capability Bridge Model and Information Curation and Knowledge Management Map detail processes and elements of a prototype system, generated from original research on co-workers’ information experience. Concluding reflections explore value added synergies from information-centered, action-oriented, technology-enabled, and learning-focused systems design.
31.	Somerville, Mary M., et al. (författare) Informed Systems : ‘Designing together’ for ‘learning together’ 2019 Ingår i: Journal of Library Administration. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0193-0826 .- 1540-3564. ; 59:1, s. 1-17 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Informed Systems promotes using information to learn during systems design and within designed systems, to advance co-worker capability and further organizational capacity. In this spirit, an Informed Systems Capacity Bridge Model is presented, which connects individual information use and collective workplace learning. The associated Information Curation and Knowledge Management Conceptual Map presents requisite elements of an information-focused and technology-enabled workplace ecosystem. Concluding reflections place information experience in the foreground to enhance ‘what works well’ for ‘learning together’ through ‘designing together’, to catalyze workplace learning, activate systems thinking, animate reflective dialogue, and catalyze organizational inquiry.
32.	Westrup, Ulrika, et al. (författare) Human Services and the Concept of Efficiency 2017 Ingår i: Dilemmas 2015 : Papers from the 18th Annual International Conference Dilemmas for Human Services: Organizing, Designing and Managing - Papers from the 18th Annual International Conference Dilemmas for Human Services: Organizing, Designing and Managing. - 9789187925740 ; , s. 1-9 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)

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