| 1. |
- Fahlander, Claes, et al.
(author)
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Excited States in 103Sn: Neutron Single-particle Energies with Respect to 100Sn
- 2001
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In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 63:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Gamma-ray lines from Sn-103 have been identified for the first time using EUROBALL and ancillary detectors. The level scheme of Sn-103 has been established by means of particle-gated gamma gamma coincidences. The energy spacing between the g(7/2) and d(5/2) neutron single-particle orbitals is determined from the excited states in Sn-103.
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| 2. |
- Palacz, M., et al.
(author)
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Investigations of Neutron Deficient Nuclei Close to 100Sn with EUROBALL
- 2001
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In: Acta Physica Polonica. Series B: Elementary Particle Physics, Nuclear Physics, Statistical Physics, Theory of Relativity, Field Theory. - 0587-4254 .- 1509-5770. ; 32, s. 999-1003
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Excited states of nuclei in the vicinity of Sn-100 have been studied using: the EUROBALL detector array. Gamma-ray lines from Sn-103 have been identified for the first time, and a level scheme of low-lying excited states of Sn-103 has been established. New constraints on energies of single particle orbitals with respect to the Sn-100 core are obtained.
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| 3. |
- Sohler, D, et al.
(author)
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Neutron Excitations Across the N=50 Shell Gap in 102In
- 2002
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In: Nuclear Physics, Section A. - : Elsevier. - 0375-9474 .- 1873-1554. ; 708:3-4, s. 181-189
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The structure of In-102 has been investigated by in-beam gamma-spectroscopic methods. Knowledge on the excited states of this nucleus has significantly been extended. Three cascades of transitions were observed to exceed the spin-energy domain spanned by the pig(9/2)(-1)v(d(5/2),g(7/2))(3) configurations. The new high spin states at similar to 4 MeV excitation energy could be assigned to the pig(9/2)(-1)v(d(5/2), g(7/2))(2)h (11/2) configuration, while at least those at 4.733, 5.192 and 5.853 MeV most likely arise from the vg(9/2) --> vd(5/2), g(7/2) one-particle-one-hole excitation across the N = 50 shell closure.
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| 4. |
- Pausch, G., et al.
(author)
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RoSiB - a 4 pi silicon ball for charged-particle detection in EUROBALL
- 2000
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In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 443:03-feb, s. 304-318
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A 4 pi silicon bail for detection and identification of light charged particles in large multidetector gamma-arrays as EUROBALL is presented. The design is based on a N = 42 ball with 12 pentagons and 30 hexagons as used in the GASP array. The absorptive material for gamma-rays is minimized to the detector thickness of 300 or 500 mu m and a 0.63 mm ceramic backing. The geometrical coverage is designed for about 90% of 4 pi. A pulse shape discrimination method with totally depleted detectors working in the reverse mount allows identifying protons and alpha-particles above an energy threshold of about 2 MeV. The performances of the ball were rested at the tandem - booster accelerator combination of the MPI Heidelberg in two experiments using the high-recoil reaction of 228 MeV Ni-58 + Ti-46 and the low-recoil reaction of 95 MeV O-16 + Ni-58. The two-dimensional spectra of zero-crossing (ZC) versus energy confirmed an excellent discrimination of protons and alpha-particles in all the detectors at different angles. The energy spectra of protons and alpha-particles measured in the experiments are presented. too. The gamma-spectra measured in coincidence with various combinations of emitted particles showed a high selectivity of the ball. The reduced total efficiency for protons of 59% and 55% and alpha-particles of 44% and 32% measured in a nuclear spectroscopy application is analyzed in a Monte-Carlo simulation (GEANT). It is due to a combined influence of a thick target needed to stop the recoiling residual nuclei and thick absorbers needed to protect the Si-detectors from scattered beam. The results along with the GEANT extrapolation to optimum experimental conditions confirm that RoSiB is a highly efficient and selective device for identification of rare reaction channels with heavy ions.
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| 5. |
- Balcerzyk, M., et al.
(author)
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Energy resolution and light yield non-proportionality of ZnSe : Te scintillator studied by large area avalanche photodiodes and photomultipliers
- 2002
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In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 482:3, s. 720-727
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ZnSe: Te scintillator has been studied by means of a photomultiplier with an extended bialkali photocathode, a large area avalanche photodiode (LAAPD) and a PIN photodiode. The light output was determined to be 28 300+/-1700 photons/MeV. Results indicate good proportionality for light output versus gamma-ray energy. Measurements of the 662 keV gamma-ray energy spectrum recorded using a LAAPD resulted in an energy resolution of 5.4+/-0.3%. Based on these results, an intrinsic energy resolution of 3.3+/-0.7% has been calculated.
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| 6. |
- Moszynski, M., et al.
(author)
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Study of pure NaI at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures
- 2003
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In: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. - 0018-9499 .- 1558-1578. ; 50:4, s. 767-773
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Three pure NaI crystals grown in different batches by Scionix (The Netherlands) were studied at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures. The room temperature studies performed with photomultiplier readout covered measurements of emission spectra, photoelectrons yield and energy resolution. Moreover, the scintillation light poises were measured by single photon method. Two crystals showed the photoelectron yield of about 1000 phe/MeV measured at room temperature with an XP2020Q photomultiplier. The energy resolution of the 662 keV photopeak was measured to, be about 16% and was limited mainly by a low number of photoelectrons and a large nonproportionality of the light yield. The fast light pulse had the main decay time components of 1 and 5 ns. The high initial photon intensity of the tested NaI crystals revealed a good timing. resolution of about 140 ps obtained for Co-60 gamma-rays. At. liquid nitrogen temperatures the measurements of light yield and energy resolution were performed using An Advanced Photonix, Inc. avalanche photodiode readout A high light output above 80 000 ph/MeV was measured for the best of the tested crystals. The energy resolutions of the 662 kAV photopeak of the three crystals differ a lot, varying from an excellent value of 3.8% to 6.2%. This suggests that the measured, pies energy resolutions depend on the purity of the scintillator samples reflected in the emission spectral The studies that were performed demonstrate the attractive properties of pure NaI at both room and LN2 temperature.
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| 7. |
- Pausch, G, et al.
(author)
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RoSiB - a 4 pi silicon ball for charged-particle detection in EUROBALL
- 2000
-
In: NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, AMSTERDAM. - 0168-9002. ; 443:2-3, s. 304-318
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A 4 pi silicon bail for detection and identification of light charged particles in large multidetector gamma-arrays as EUROBALL is presented. The design is based on a N = 42 ball with 12 pentagons and 30 hexagons as used in the GASP array. The absorptive
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| 8. |
- Kapusta, M., et al.
(author)
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Comparison of the scintillation properties of LSO : Ce manufactured by different laboratories and of LGSO : Ce
- 2000
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In: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9499 .- 1558-1578. ; 47:4, s. 1341-1345
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We measured photoelectron yield, light output, decay times of the light pulses, cerium concentration, energy resolution and time resolution of LSO:Ce manufactured by different laboratories and LGSO:Ce. The LSO samples show excellent scintillation properties: high light output, close to 30,000 ph/MeV and good energy resolution of 7.3% FWHM for Cs-137 gamma-source full energy peak. Time resolution measured in geometry fulfilling the PET scanners requirements is equal to 450 ps. We also present results fi om the measurements with LGSO:Ce by Hitachi Chemical Co., which is of similar chemical composition to LSO. LGSO, at present stage of development, shows about 20% lower light output than LSO and energy resolution of 12.4% FWHM for 662 keV gamma-rays. LSO crystals used in our studies posses similar in scintillation properties, although we suppose that the details of the productions method are different due to the differences in Ce concentration. LGSO is a new and very promising scintillator due to lower background radiation in comparison to LSO, but it features worse energy resolution and smaller number of photoelectrons.
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| 9. |
- Klamra, Wlodzimierz, et al.
(author)
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Studies of scintillation light nonproportionality of ZnSe(Te), CsI(Tl) and YAP(Ce) crystals using heavy ions
- 2002
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In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 484:03-jan, s. 327-332
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The scintillation light yield for ZnSe(Te), CsI(T1) and YAP(Ce) crystals have been studied with alpha particles, C-12 and Br-81 in the energy region 2.8-42.2 MeV. A nonproportional behavior was observed, mostly pronounced for alpha particles on YAP(Ce). The results are understood in terms of delta-rays effect.
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| 10. |
- Moszynski, M., et al.
(author)
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Application of large area avalanche photodiodes to study scintillators at liquid nitrogen temperatures
- 2003
-
In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 504:03-jan, s. 307-312
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Properties of Large Area Avalanche Photodiodes (LAAPDs) at liquid nitrogen (LN2) temperatures in application to study pure NaI, CsI and BGO scintillators are presented. All the tested crystals exhibited excellent performance at LN2 temperatures reflected by a high light output and very good energy resolution. The study showed that the LAAPD operating at LN2 temperatures is an excellent light readout device for testing different scintillators at low temperatures.
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| 11. |
- Moszynski, M., et al.
(author)
-
Energy resolution and light yield non-proportionality of pure NaI scintillator studied with large area avalanche photodiodes at liquid nitrogen temperatures
- 2002
-
In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 486:02-jan, s. 13-17
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The pure NaI crystal has been studied using a Large Area Avalanche Photodiode (LAAPD) at near liquid nitrogen (LN2) temperatures. The study showed a high light output of 44000+/-4000 photons/MeV (ph/MeV), the energy resolution of 5.9 +/- 0.2% for 661.6 keV gamma-rays from a Cs-137 source and a good proportionality of the light yield versus gamma-ray energy. It has been shown also that a cooled LAAPD is an excellent photodetector to study scintillators at near LN2 temperatures.
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| 12. |
- Moszynski, M., et al.
(author)
-
Intrinsic energy resolution of pure NaI studied with large area avalanche photodiodes at liquid nitrogen temperatures
- 2003
-
In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 505:02-jan, s. 63-67
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The energy resolution and non-proportionality of the light yield vs gamma-ray energy of pure NaI scintillators directly coupled to Large Area Avalanche Photodiodes (LAAPDs) and cooled down to the liquid nitrogen temperatures have been studied. Large improvements of energy resolution and nearly proportional light yield response have been obtained at very long shaping time constants. Energy resolution of 3.8+/-0.1% for 662 keV gamma-rays from a Cs-137 source was recorded at 50 mus integration time. The intrinsic resolution of the crystal vs energy of gamma-rays has been estimated by measurements of the number of primary electron-hole pairs generated in LAAPD by scintillation light.
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| 13. |
- Klamra, Wlodzimierz, et al.
(author)
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Response of BaF2 and YAP : Ce to heavy ions
- 2000
-
In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 444:3, s. 626-630
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The light output and energy resolution for BaF2 and YAP:Ce have been measured with O-16, Cl-35 and Br-79 in the energy region 8.5-34 MeV. Both crystals show a nonproportional light yield response, mostly pronounced for the lighter ions.
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