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| 2. |
- Guo, J. -H, et al.
(författare)
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Electronic structure study of the bases in DNA duplexes by in situ photon-in/photon-out soft X-ray spectroscopy
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena. - : Elsevier BV. - 0368-2048 .- 1873-2526. ; 181:2-3, s. 197-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding protein functionality is of fundamental importance in biochemistry. Soft X-ray transitions, where the core-level vacancies are filled by the valence-orbital electrons, give direct information about the chemical bonding. Soft X-ray absorption and emission study of poly(dG) -poly(dC) in aqueous solutions can elucidate the relation between the structure and functionality of proteins. We report the N K-edge soft X-ray absorption (XAS) and resonant soft X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) to characterize the electronic structure near the Fermi level of DNA duplexes to specify the charge migration mechanism. Since N atoms are included in only bases in DNA duplexes, the XES spectra excited from N Is to unoccupied states purely extract the electronic orbital features of the bases in DNA. The fact that N atoms in different bonding environments form well-defined structure has been determined. The experimental findings provide the evidence for the charge-hopping and/or charge-transfer effects in understanding of electric conduction in DNA duplexes when electrons pass through the pi* states of DNA bases.
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| 3. |
- Bolte, S., et al.
(författare)
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The Roots of Autism and ADHD Twin Study in Sweden (RATSS)
- 2014
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Ingår i: Twin Research and Human Genetics. - Stockholm : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1832-4274 .- 1839-2628. ; 17:3, s. 164-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neurodevelopmental disorders affect a substantial minority of the general population. Their origins are still largely unknown, but a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors causing disturbances of the central nervous system's maturation and a variety of higher cognitive skills is presumed. Only limited research of rather small sample size and narrow scope has been conducted in neurodevelopmental disorders using a twin-differences design. The Roots of Autism and ADHD Twin Study in Sweden (RATSS) is an ongoing project targeting monozygotic twins discordant for categorical or dimensional autistic and inattentive/hyperactive-impulsive phenotypes as well as other neurodevelopmental disorders, and typically developing twin controls. Included pairs are 9 years of age or older, and comprehensively assessed for psychopathology, medical history, neuropsychology, and dysmorphology, as well as structural, functional, and molecular brain imaging. Specimens are collected for induced pluripotent (iPS) and neuroepithelial stem cells, genetic, gut bacteria, protein-/monoamine, and electron microscopy analyses. RATSS's objective is to generate a launch pad for novel surveys to understand the complexity of genotype-environment-phenotype interactions in autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). By October 2013, RATSS had collected data from 55 twin pairs, among them 10 monozygotic pairs discordant for autism spectrum disorder, seven for ADHD, and four for other neurodevelopmental disorders. This article describes the design, recruitment, data collection, measures, collected pairs' characteristics, as well as ongoing and planned analyses in RATSS. Potential gains of the study comprise the identification of environmentally mediated biomarkers, the emergence of candidates for drug development, translational modeling, and new leads for prevention of incapacitating outcomes.
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| 8. |
- Forsberg, J., et al.
(författare)
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The initial stages of atmospheric corrosion of iron in a saline environment studied with time-resolved in situ x-ray transmission microscopy
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of the Electrochemical Society. - : The Electrochemical Society. - 0013-4651 .- 1945-7111. ; 157:3, s. C110-C115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated atmospheric corrosion of a 50 nm layer of iron covered with a thin layer of NaCl by in situ X-ray transmission spectromicroscopy. We find that upon its deliquescence, a small part of the NaCl layer is rapidly transformed into a sodium oxide (NaOH) species. A large part of the sodium and chlorine ions forms a concentrated solution on the iron surface and becomes segregated, whereby the sodium ions appear stationary and passive during further corrosion progression. In contrast, the chlorine ions appear highly mobile and become concentrated at and travel with the corrosion front, apparently acting as a corrosion catalyst. The corrosion front progression is partly of filiform and partly of radial type. The early iron corrosion products (chloride-containing oxyhydroxides) are short-lived (for some hours) and undergo a transformation as the corrosion front sweeps by from a chlorinated species to a less chlorinated species.
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| 10. |
- Agåker, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Spectroscopy in the vacuum-ultraviolet
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nature Photonics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1749-4885 .- 1749-4893. ; 5:5, s. 248-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Becker-Dreps, Sylvia, et al.
(författare)
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Etiology of Childhood Diarrhea After Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction A Prospective, Population-based Study in Nicaragua
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. - : Lippincott, Williams andamp; Wilkins. - 0891-3668 .- 1532-0987. ; 33:11, s. 1156-1163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Nicaragua was the first developing nation to implement routine immunization with the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5). In this RV5-immunized population, understanding infectious etiologies of childhood diarrhea is necessary to direct diarrhea treatment and prevention efforts. Methods: We followed a population-based sample of children less than5 years in Leon, Nicaragua for diarrhea episodes through household visits. Information was obtained on RV5 history and sociodemographics. Stool samples collected during diarrhea episodes and among healthy children underwent laboratory analysis for viral, bacterial and parasitic enteropathogens. Detection frequency and incidence of each enteropathogen was calculated. Results: The 826 children in the cohort experienced 677 diarrhea episodes during 607.5 child-years of exposure time (1.1 episodes per child-year). At least 1 enteropathogen was detected among 61.1% of the 337 diarrheal stools collected. The most common enteropathogens among diarrheal stools were: norovirus (20.4%), sapovirus (16.6%), enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (11.3%), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (8.3%), Giardia lamblia (8.0%) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (7.7%), with rotavirus detected among 5.3% of diarrheal stools. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and enterotoxigenic E. coli were frequently detected among stools from healthy children. Among children with diarrhea, norovirus was more commonly detected among younger children (less than2 years) and G. lamblia was more commonly detected among older children (2-4 years). The mean age of rotavirus detection was 34.6 months. Conclusions: In this Central American community after RV5 introduction, rotavirus was not commonly detected among children with diarrhea. Prevention and appropriate management of norovirus and sapovirus should be considered to further reduce the burden of diarrheal disease.
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| 13. |
- Cameron, Christopher J., et al.
(författare)
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On the balancing of structural and acoustic performance of a sandwich panel based on topology, property, and size optimization
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Sound and Vibration. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-460X .- 1095-8568. ; 333:13, s. 2677-2698
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Balancing structural and acoustic performance of a multi-layered sandwich panel is a formidable undertaking. Frequently the gains achieved in terms of reduced weight, still meeting the structural design requirements, are lost by the changes necessary to regain acceptable acoustic performance. To alleviate this, a design method for a multifunctional load bearing vehicle body panel is proposed which attempts to achieve a balance between structural and acoustic performance. The approach is based on numerical modelling of the structural and acoustic behaviour in a combined topology, size, and property optimization in order to achieve a three dimensional optimal distribution of structural and acoustic foam materials within the bounding surfaces of a sandwich panel. In particular the effects of the coupling between one of the bounding surface face sheets and acoustic foam are examined for its impact on both the structural and acoustic overall performance of the panel. The results suggest a potential in introducing an air gap between the acoustic foam parts and one of the face sheets, provided that the structural design constraints are met without prejudicing the layout of the different foam types.
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| 14. |
- Freelon, B., et al.
(författare)
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Low energy electronic spectroscopy of an infinite-layer cuprate : A resonant inelastic X-ray scattering study of CaCuO2
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 470:3, s. 187-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the results of Oxygen K-edge soft X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy that was performed on an infinite-layer insulating cuprate thin film CaCuO2 Experimentally obtained spectra arc consistent with local density approximation calculations X-ray absorption spectra show a close resemblance to spectra obtained from homologous single crystal cuprates In addition to d-d excitations. X-ray emission spectra reveal the presence of Zhang-Rice singlet states in the infinite-layer CuO2 planes The question of whether the Zhang-Rice singlet features are masked by the O 2p main-band is addressed. it is possible to quantify the position of the Zhang-Rice singlet using emission intensity profiles X-ray emission is demonstrated as a tool for understanding CuO2 planar electronic correlation in the prototypical infinite-layer The energy difference, 2 0 eV, between the oxygen main-band and the Zhang-Rice singlet band is found to match values obtained theoretically using established planar electronic correlation parameters.
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| 19. |
- Ofverholm, I. Ivanov, et al.
(författare)
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PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF IKZF1 DELETIONS IN PEDIATRIC B-CELL PRECURSOR ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA TREATED ACCORDING TO NOPHO PROTOCOLS - THE SWEDISH EXPERIENCE
- 2014
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Ingår i: Haematologica. - 0390-6078 .- 1592-8721. ; 99:Suppl 1, s. 9-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recently, IKZF1 deletions have been shown to be associated notonly with the leukemogenic process but also to confer a poor prognosis in allrisk groups of B-cell precursor ALL. In a previous study, we used Multiplex Ligation-dependentProbe Amplification (MLPA) to investigate the presence ofIKZF1 deletions in bone marrow DNA from 116 children diagnosed with BCPALL in a single center and treated according to NOPHO protocols. Deletionswere detected in 16% of cases; both event free survival and overall survivalwere significantly reduced in the IKZF1-deleted group compared to the groupwith intact IKZF1.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Tobin, J. G., et al.
(författare)
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Observation of strong resonant behavior in the inverse photoelectron spectroscopy of Ce oxide
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 83:8, s. 085104-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- X-ray emission spectroscopy and resonant inverse photoelectron spectroscopy (RIPES) have been used to investigate the photon emission associated with the Ce 3d(5/2) and Ce 3d(3/2) thresholds. Strong resonant behavior has been observed in the RIPES of a Ce oxide near the 5/2 and 3/2 edges.
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| 22. |
- Turcato, M., et al.
(författare)
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Small area detectors at the European XFEL
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 9, s. C05063-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The detectors to be used at the European XFEL have to deal with the unique time structure of the machine, delivering up to 2700 pulses, with a repetition rate of 4.5 MHz, ten times per second, the very high photon flux and the need to combine single-photon sensitivity and a large dynamic range. This represents a challenge not only for the large-area 2D imaging detectors but also for the smaller-area detectors and makes the use of standard commercial devices impossible. Dedicated solutions are therefore envisaged for small imaging- or strip-detectors. In this contribution the focus is put on two particular small-area detector solutions which are planned to be used at the European XFEL, a strip detector for hard X-rays (with energy 3 < E < 25keV) and an imaging detector for soft X-rays (0.25 < E < 3keV). Hard X-rays photon-beam diagnostics as well as hard X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy at the European XFEL make use of strip detectors as detectors for beam spectrometers or as energy-dispersive detectors in combination with an energy-dispersive element. The European XFEL is establishing cooperation with the Paul Scherrer Institute in Villigen to develop a new version of the Gotthard detector best suited to the European XFEL needs. The use case and the required detector specifications are illustrated. Starting from the present detector version, the modifications planned to adapt it to the European XFEL running conditions are described. These include the capability of running at an increased rate and to provide a veto signal to the large 2D imaging detectors, in order to be able to remove non-interesting images already at early stages of the DAQ system. In another particular application, resonant inelastic X-ray scattering, a Micro-Channel Plate detector matched to a delay-line readout is foreseen to be used. In this case the European XFEL is aiming for a highly customized solution provided by the German company Surface Concept. The use case is described, the science-driven detector specifications are illustrated and the expected detector performance is shown.
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| 25. |
- Zachariadis, V., et al.
(författare)
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The frequency and prognostic impact of dic(9;20)(p13.2;q11.2) in childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia : results from the NOPHO ALL-2000 trial
- 2011
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Ingår i: Leukemia. - London : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0887-6924 .- 1476-5551. ; 25:4, s. 622-628
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dic(9;20)(p13.2;q11.2) is reported to be present in similar to 2% of childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP ALL). However, it easily escapes detection by G-banding analysis and its true prevalence is hence unknown. We performed interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses-in a three-step manner-using probes for: (i) CDKN2A at 9p21, (ii) 20p and 20q subtelomeres and (iii) cen9 and cen20. Out of 1033 BCP ALLs diagnosed from 2001 to 2006, 533 were analyzed; 16% (84/533) displayed 9p21 deletions, of which 30% (25/84) had dic(9;20). Thus, dic(9;20)-positivity was found in 4.7% (25/533), making it the third most common genetic subgroup after high hyperdiploidy and t(12;21)(p13;q22). The dic(9;20) was associated with a female predominance and an age peak at 3 years; 18/25 (72%) were allocated to non-standard risk treatment at diagnosis. Including cases detected by G-banding alone, 29 dic(9;20)-positive cases were treated according to the NOPHO ALL 2000 protocol. Relapses occurred in 24% (7/29) resulting in a 5-year event-free survival of 0.69, which was significantly worse than for t(12;21) (0.87; P = 0.002) and high hyperdiploidy (0.82; P = 0.04). We conclude that dic(9;20) is twice as common as previously surmised, with many cases going undetected by G-banding analysis, and that dic(9;20) should be considered a non-standard risk abnormality.
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