| 1. |
- Kulmala, Satu-Maria A., et al.
(författare)
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Type-specific persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus infections in the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union Cohort Study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 16:1, s. 17-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Prospective follow-up studies have recently suggested that persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections play a key role in the progression of CIN lesions and in the development of cervical cancer. However, data on type-specific persistence, viral integration, and the role of multiple infections are scanty. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional/cohort study was conducted between 1998 and 2002 in three New Independent States of the former Soviet Union comprising a cohort of 3,187 women, of whom 854 women were followed up for a mean of 17 months (SD, 11.6). HPV genotyping was done with real-time PCR, detecting HPV types 16, 18/45, 31, 33/52/58, 35, and 39. The integration status of HPV16 was examined by using a novel Taqman-based PCR method. Results: The mean clearance time for the individual high– risk–type infection was 16.5 months (range = 0.9-34.9 months). HPV16 and HPV31 were the most persistent infections (clearance times = 18.1 and 16.2 months, respectively), whereas HPV39 infections cleared most rapidly. The mean copies per cell in HPV18/45, HPV31, HPV33/52/58, and HPV39 infections were higher in persisting HPV infections than in HPV infections that cleared, but the difference was not significant. Integration of HPV16 was not found to correlate with HPV persistence. Conclusions: A large proportion of women remained high-risk HPV positive after 18 months. Coinfection with multiple HPV types, viral load, or integration status did not correlate with persistence of high-risk HPV infections.
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| 2. |
- Kulmala, Satu-Maria A., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of the most common high-risk HPV genotypes among women in three new independent states of the former Soviet Union
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - : Wiley. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 79:6, s. 771-781
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type distribution of HPV has been studied in different geographic regions, but the data are scanty from the new independent states of the former Soviet Union. Here the HPV prevalence and distribution of the most frequent high-risk HPV types among 3,187 women at different risk for HPV and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Russia, Belarus, and Latvia is reported. HPV detection, type distribution and viral load analysis in DNA samples from cervical scrapes were done with real-time PCR-based assay detecting HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 52, and 58. The overall HPV prevalence was 31.2%, HPV16 was the most prevalent type followed by HPV31 and HPV33 group. The overall HPV prevalences in Russia, Belarus and Latvia were 33.4%, 27.5%, and 26.2%. The type distributions were similar in these countries, except for Latvia where HPV39 was the third prevalent genotype. HPV prevalence was highest (40.8%) among women from sexually transmitted disease clinic, followed by 30.9% among gynecological outpatients and 27.2% in screening patients. HPV detection increased with cytological abnormality (P = 0.0001) and lesion grade in the biopsy (P = 0.0001), from 27% to 72% in normal samples to cancer, and from 64% to 77% in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 to cancer. The normalized viral loads varied greatly between and among different HPV-types. The mean log HPV33 group copies/cell increased from negative for intraepithelial lesions to cancer (P = 0.049). Distribution of the most common high-risk HPV-types seems to be similar in these countries as reported in other major geographical regions.
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| 3. |
- Pistol, Mats-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Random telegraph noise in the photon emission from semiconductor quantum dots
- 2005
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Ingår i: 2005 European Quantum Electronics Conference. - 0780389735 ; , s. 18-18
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study has observed and investigated random telegraph noise in the photoluminescence from InAs quantum dots in GaAs and InP quantum dots in GaInP. The dots are grown by the Stranski-Krastanow technique with a sufficiently low surface density that individual dots easily could be investigated. The luminescence from many single quantum dots, exhibiting switching between two levels, has been spectrally resolved as a function of time. The random telegraph noise is only observed in the presence of band filling. Results show no spectral shift of the emission in the different states. It is only the intensity, mainly for higher energy peaks that changes. The InAs quantum dots behave very similarly to InP/GaInP and InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots with respect to random telegraph noise. The similarities between the different systems argue for a common mechanism behind the blinking. Experiments are performed where the switching behaviour is changed in all the different systems supporting the idea that non-radiative defects are responsible
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