| 1. |
- Adler, Jan-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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A broad range tagging spectrometer for the MAX-laboratory
- 1997
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 388:1-2, s. 17-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A broad range tagging spectrometer together with a new beam transport system for photonuclear experiments at the MAX-laboratory in Lund is described. The spectrometer consists of a quadrupole followed by an Elbek-type dipole and has a large momentum acceptance. It can produce both polarized and unpolarized tagged photons in the energy range 10–80 MeV with an energy resolution of about 300 keV.
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| 2. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mineral density assessed by quantitative ultrasound and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Normative data in Malmo, Sweden
- 1998
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Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-6470. ; 69:2, s. 189-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We measured bone mineral density (BMD) in 128 men and 143 women, aged 22-90, by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and quantitative ultrasound (QUS). We found reduced bone mineral density in relation to age as measured both by DEXA and QUS. There was a correlation between 0.28 and 0.52 in men and between 0.53 and 0.77 in women when comparing DEXA and QUS measurements. When including only persons with low bone mass, the correlation was less.
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| 3. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Changes of bone mineral mass and soft tissue composition after hip fracture
- 1996
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Ingår i: Bone. - 1873-2763. ; 18:1, s. 19-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to measure prospectively the bone mineral density (BMD) and anthropometric variables after a hip fracture. In particular, we studied changes in the BMD in both the injured and uninjured hips, and examined if the postoperative mortality rate and complications, including pseudarthrosis of the fracture and late segmental collapse of the head of the femur, could be predicted by early bone mass measurements. The bone mineral density and the body composition were measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in 102 consecutive hip fracture patients, 31 men and 71 women, with a mean age of 74 and 79 years, respectively. All cases were operated on within 3 days. The measurements were undertaken within 10 days after the fracture, after 4 and after 12 months. The BMD of the hip fracture cases decreased, especially in the lower extremities where the patients lost 7%, during the first year after the fracture. The patients also lost lean body mass (5%) but gained fat (11%) during the same period. They lost significantly more bone mass in the fractured hip than in the uninjured hip (p < 0.05). No difference was found between those patients who survived and those who died within 2 years after their hip fracture in neither the initial measurement nor in the follow-up measurements. Also, we found no difference between those patients whose hip fracture healed and those who developed late segmental collapse or pseudarthrosis. In conclusion, osteoporotic hip fracture cases lose bone mass at an increased rate, especially in the fractured hip. Also, their soft tissue composition changes, gaining fat while losing muscle mass. Furthermore, it seems that early bone mineral measurements cannot predict postoperative failures or postoperative mortality.
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| 4. |
- Nilsson, Bengt-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of polyamine synthesis inhibition on polyamines, growth and mechanical properties in hypertrophic rat urinary bladder
- 1998
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Ingår i: Pharmacology and Toxicology. - 1600-0773. ; 82:6, s. 287-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine, are ubiquitous intracellular metabolites associated with growth and protein synthesis. In this study effects of polyamine synthesis inhibition on bladder growth, polyamine levels and mechanical properties were investigated in rat urinary bladder subjected to partial outflow obstruction that causes bladder hypertrophy. The S-adenosyl methionine decarboxylase inhibitor CGP-48664 (5 and 20 mg kg-1) was administered alone or in combination with the ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor DFMO (500 mg kg-1), starting one day before creation of partial outflow obstruction and then daily for 7 days. The bladder muscle level of putrescine was increased 38 times and that of spermine reduced by 4 times while spermidine was unchanged after treatment with CGP-48664 (20 mg kg-1). The increase in putrescine was abolished in animals receiving CGP-48664 in combination with DFMO. Treatment with polyamine synthesis inhibitors could not prevent or reduce the hypertrophy of the bladder as judged by bladder wet weight and protein contents. The effects on polyamine quantities were not associated with changes in Ca(2+)-force relationship or in agonist and electrically stimulated force. In summary, treatment of rats with polyamine synthesis inhibitors resulted in changes in polyamine levels in the growing urinary bladder but did not affect growth or mechanical properties.
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| 5. |
- Swärd, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Inhibition of polyamine synthesis influences contractility of intestinal smooth muscle in culture
- 1997
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology. - 1522-1563. ; 273:1, s. 77-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smooth muscle strips from guinea pig ileum were cultured for 5 days and then tested for contractile properties to investigate whether endogenous polyamines influence excitation-contraction coupling. Inhibition of spermidine and spermine synthesis by culture in the presence of the adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (EC4.1.1.50) inhibitor CGP-48664 (1-10 microM) decreased spermidine and spermine levels by 50% and increased putrescine by 20-fold. After culture with 10 microM, but not 1 microM, CGP-48664, the relationship between extracellular Ca2+ concentration and force in high K(+)-depolarized strips was shifted to the right, and phasic contractile activity as well as sensitivity to muscarinic stimulation was enhanced. When spermidine and spermine (each 50 microM) were available for cellular uptake during culture in the presence of 10 microM CGP-48664, spermidine and spermine concentrations were increased, and the effect on Ca2+ sensitivity was reversed. In strips cultured with 0 or 1 microM CGP-48664 in the presence of 50 microM spermidine and 50 microM spermine, no effect on Ca2+ sensitivity was observed. Force development relative to intracellular Ca2+ concentration was decreased in CGP-48664 (10 microM)-treated strips. The results suggest that endogenous polyamines influence excitation-contraction coupling in smooth muscle, although overall tissue concentrations may not reflect the polyamine pools responsible for this effect.
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| 6. |
- Swärd, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Polyamines inhibit myosin phosphatase and increase LC20 phosphorylation and force in smooth muscle
- 1995
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology. - 1522-1563. ; 269:3, s. 563-571
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increase in Ca(2+)-activated force caused by polyamines in beta-escin-permeabilized guinda pig ileum is shown to be associated with increased myosin 20-kDa light chain (LC20) phosphorylation and shortening velocity. Myosin LC20 dephosphorylation with arrested kinase activity was slower in the presence of 1 mM spermine. Smooth muscle phosphatases (SMP-I, -II, -III, and -IV) isolated from turkey gizzard are all active against phosphorylated LC20, but only SMP-III and -IV dephosphorylate heavy meromyosin (HMM). Spermine inhibited SMP-III activity toward LC20 but stimulated HMM dephosphorylation, whereas SMP-IV was inhibited with both substrates. In contrast, SMP-I and -II were stimulated by spermine. The relative effects of different polyamines correlated with an increasing number of positive charges. Spermine did not affect binding of SMP-IV to myosin and did not dissociate any of the subunits of the enzyme. Incubation of permeabilized strips with SMP-IV resulted in attenuated responses to Ca2+, an effect that was opposed by spermine and abolished by microcystin-LR. We conclude that spermine selectively inhibits myosin phosphatase activity and suggest that polyamines function as endogenous myosin phosphatase inhibitors.
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