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- Edlund, Maria, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective cohort study investigating an exposure-response relationship among vibration-exposed male workers with numbness of the hands
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health. - : Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 40:2, s. 203-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the exposure response relationship of hand-arm vibration (HAY) exposure to neurological symptoms (numbness) of the hand in a cohort of vibration-exposed workers. Methods The baseline cohort comprised 241 office and manual workers with and without exposure to HAY. Numbness (the symptom or event) in the hand was assessed for all subjects at baseline and follow-ups after 5, 10, and 16 years. The workers were stratified into quartiles with no exposure in the first quartile and increasing intensity of exposure in quartiles 2-4 (groups 1-3). Data analysis was performed using survival analysis (time-to-event). Information on cumulative exposure and years of exposure to event was collected via questionnaires. Measurements were performed in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 5349-1. Results The hazard ratio (HR) of risk of event (numbness) differed statistically significantly between the non-exposed group (group 0) and the two higher exposure groups (groups 2 and 3). There was also a significant ratio difference between the lowest exposure group (group 1) and the two higher groups. The ratio for group 1 was 1.77 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.96-3.26] compared with 3.78 (95% CI 2.15-6.62) and 5.31(95% CI 3.06-9.20) for groups 2 and 3, respectively. Conclusion The results suggest a dose response relationship between vibration exposure and numbness of the hands. This underlines the importance of keeping vibration levels low to prevent neurological injury to the hands.
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- Gerhardsson, Lars, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Neurophysiologic symptoms and vibration perception thresholds in young vibration-exposed workers - a follow-up study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Canadian Acoustics, June 2011. Proceedings of The Twelfth International Conference on Hand-Arm Vibration.. - 0711-6659 .- 2291-1391. ; 39:2, s. 16-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vibration exposure may cause the hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), including digital vasospasms (vibration white fingers; VWF), sensorineural symptoms and/or muscular weakness and fatigue (Gemne, 1997). Neurophysiologic symptoms include numbness and/or tingling, impaired touch sensitivity, impaired manual dexterity and reduced grip strength in the hands. The Stockholm Workshop Scale is commonly used for sensorineural (SN) staging (OSN - 3 SN). Sensorineural symptoms of this in combination with difficulties in handling small objects may interfere both with the workers social- and work-related activities (Sakakibara et al., 2005).
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| 6. |
- Gerhardsson, Lars, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative neurosensory findings, symptoms and signs in young vibration exposed workers.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1745-6673. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background: Long-term exposure to hand-held vibrating tools may cause the hand arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) including vibration induced white fingers and sensorineural symptoms. The aim was to study early neurosensory effects by quantitative vibrotactile and monofilament tests in young workers with hand-held vibration exposure. Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 142 young, male machine shop and construction workers with hand-held exposure to vibrating tools. They were compared with 41 non-vibration exposed subjects of the same age-group. All participants passed a structured interview, answered several questionnaires and had a physical examination including the determination of vibrotactile perception thresholds (VPTs) at two frequencies (31.5 and 125 Hz) and Semmes Weinstein ’ s Monofilament test. Results: In the vibration exposed group 8% of the workers reported episodes of tingling sensations and 10% numbness in their fingers. Approximately 5 – 10% of the exposed population displayed abnormal results on monofilament tests. The vibrotactile testing showed significantly increased VPTs for 125 Hz in dig II bilaterally (right hand, p = 0.01; left hand, p = 0.024) in the vibration exposed group. A multiple regression analysis (VPT - dependent variable; age, height, examiner and five different vibration dose calculations – predictor variables) in dig II bilaterally showed rather low R 2 -values. None of the explanatory variables including five separately calculated vibration doses were included in the models, neither for the total vibration exposed group, nor for the highest exposed quartile. A logistic multiple regression analysis (result of monofilament testing - dependent variable; age, height, examiner and five vibration dose calculations – predictor variables) of the results of monofilament testing in dig II bilaterally gave a similar outcome. None of the independent variables including five calculated vibration doses were included in the models neither for the total exposed group nor for the highest exposed quartile. Conclusion: In spite of the fairly short vibration exposure, a tendency to raised VPTs as well as pathologic monofilament test results was observed. Thus, early neurophysiologic symptoms and signs of vibration exposure may appear after short-term exposure also in young workers.
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- Jonsson, Sofi, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Mercury methylation rates for geochemically relevant HgII species in sediments
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 46:21, s. 11653-11659
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Monomethylmercury (MeHg) in fish from freshwater, estuarine and marine environments are a major global environmental issue. Mercury levels in biota are mainly controlled by the methylation of inorganic mercuric mercury (HgII) to MeHg in water, sediments and soils. There is, however, a knowledge gap concerning the mechanisms and rates of methylation of specific geochemical HgII species. Such information is crucial for a better understanding of variations in MeHg concentrations among ecosystems and, in particular, for predicting the outcome of currently proposed measures to mitigate mercury emissions and reduce MeHg concentrations in fish. To fill this knowledge gap we propose an experimental approach using HgII isotope tracers, with defined and geochemically important adsorbed and solid HgII forms in sediments, to study MeHg formation. We report HgII methylation rate constants, km, in estuarine sediments which span over two orders of magnitude depending on chemical form of added tracer: metacinnabar (β-201HgS(s)) < cinnabar (α-199HgS(s)) < HgII reacted with mackinawite (≡FeS-202HgII) < HgII bonded to natural organic matter (NOM-196HgII) < a typical aqueous tracer (198Hg(NO3)2(aq)). We conclude that a combination of thermodynamic and kinetic effects of HgII solid-phase dissolution and surface desorption control the HgII methylation rate in sediments and causes the large observed differences in km-values. The selection of relevant solid-phase and surface adsorbed HgII tracers will therefore be crucial to achieving biogeochemically accurate estimates of ambient HgII methylation rates.
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- Knutsson, Eva Smith, et al.
(författare)
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Genital Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease in Females: A Cross-Sectional Study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. - : Elsevier BV. - 1083-8791 .- 1523-6536. ; 20:6, s. 806-811
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) consensus criteria for chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), we assessed the prevalence, symptoms, and clinical signs of female genital cGVHD in a cross-sectional population-based study. Forty-two women were evaluated at a median of 80 months (range, 13 to 148 months) after undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Medical history, ongoing medications, and genital signs and symptoms were recorded. Gynecologic examination for the diagnosis and clinical scoring of genital cGVHD was combined with clinical scoring of extragenital cGVHD for the estimation of each patient’s global cGVHD score. Biopsy specimens from the genital mucosa were obtained from 38 patients. Genital cGVHD was diagnosed in 22 of 42 patients (52%). Its presence was associated with systemic corticoid steroid treatment of extragenital cGVHD (P .001), older age (P .07), and HSCT from a sibling donor (P .002). Five patients had isolated genital cGVHD. Dryness, pain, smarting pain (P < .05 for all), and dyspareunia (P .001) were observed more frequently in the women with genital cGVHD. Twelve patients had advanced genital cGVHD (clinical score 3), which was the main factor explaining the high rate (15 of 42) of severe global cGVHD. The rate of genital cGVHD was similar (P .37) in patients with a follow-up of 80 months (10 of 22) and those with a follow-up of <80 months (12 of 20). We found no convincing relationship between clinical diagnosis and histopathological assessment of mucosal biopsy specimens. In our group of women with a long follow-up after HSCT, genital cGVHD was common and in many cases incorrectly diagnosed. Genital cGVHD causes genital symptoms and affects sexual life, and may present without any other cGVHD, warranting early and continuous gynecologic surveillance in all women after HSCT.
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| 9. |
- Nilsson, Mats, 1952
(författare)
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Contemporizing traditional dance?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Dance, Gender, and Meanings - Contemporizing Traditional Dance. Praha: Akademie múzických umění.. - 9788073312367 ; , s. 153-155
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Nilsson, Mats, 1952
(författare)
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Dancing for an Audience
- 2013
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Ingår i: Ethnologia Scandinavica. - 0348-9698. ; :2013, s. 156-157
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 11. |
- Nilsson, Mats, 1952
(författare)
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Dancing names - "a neverending story"
- 2014
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Ingår i: Anne Margrete Fiskvik & Marit Stranden (eds) (Re)Searching the Field. Festschrift in Honour of Egil Bakka. - Bergen : Fagbokforlaget. - 9788232103713 ; , s. 419-427
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 14. |
- Nilsson, Mats, 1952
(författare)
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Participatory Danicng - the Polska Case
- 2011
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Ingår i: Vedel, Karen (ed): Dance and the Formation of Norden. Emergences and Struggles. - Trondheim : Tapir. - 9788251926485 ; , s. 131-150, s. 303-305
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 15. |
- Wierzbicka, Aneta, et al.
(författare)
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Detailed diesel exhaust characteristics including particle surface area and lung deposited dose for better understanding of health effects in human chamber exposure studies
- 2014
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 1352-2310. ; 86, s. 212-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several diesel exhaust (DE) characteristics, comprising both particle and gas phase, recognized as important when linking with health effects, are not reported in human chamber exposure studies. In order to understand effects of DE on humans there is a need for better characterization of DE when performing exposure studies. The aim of this study was to determine and quantify detailed DE characteristics during human chamber exposure. Additionally to compare to reported DE properties in conducted human exposures. A wide battery of particle and gas phase measurement techniques have been used to provide detailed DE characteristics including the DE particles (DEP) surface area, fraction and dose deposited in the lungs, chemical composition of both particle and gas phase such as NO, NO2, CO, CO2, volatile organic compounds (including aldehydes, benzene, toluene) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Eyes, nose and throat irritation effects were determined. Exposure conditions with PM1 (<1 mu m) mass concentration 280 mu g m(-3), number concentration 4 x 10(5) cm(-3) and elemental to total carbon fraction of 82% were generated from a diesel vehicle at idling. When estimating the lung deposited dose it was found that using the size dependent effective density (in contrast to assuming unity density) reduced the estimated respiratory dose by 132% by mass. Accounting for agglomerated structure of DEP prevented underestimation of lung deposited dose by surface area by 37% in comparison to assuming spherical particles. Comparison of DE characteristics reported in conducted chamber exposures showed that DE properties vary to a great extent under the same DEP mass concentration and engine load. This highlights the need for detailed and standardized approach for measuring and reporting of DE properties. Eyes irritation effects, most probably caused by aldehydes in the gas phase, as well as nose irritation were observed at exposure levels below current occupational exposure limit values given for exhaust fumes. Reporting detailed DE characteristics that include DEP properties (such as mass and number concentration, size resolved information, surface area, chemical composition, lung deposited dose by number, mass and surface) and detailed gas phase including components known for their carcinogenic and irritation effect (e.g. aldehydes, benzene, PAHs) can help in determination of key parameters responsible for observed health effects and comparison of chamber exposure studies. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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