| 1. |
- Rögnvaldsson, Thorsteinn, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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ARC13 – Assessment of Research and Coproduction : Reports from the assessment of all research at Halmstad University 2013
- 2014
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- During 2013, an evaluation of all the research conducted at Halmstad University was carried out. The purpose was to assess the quality of the research, coproduction, and collaboration in research, as well as the impact of the research. The evaluation was dubbed the Assessment of Research and Coproduction 2013, or ARC13. (Extract from Executive Summary)
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| 2. |
- Vicari, Marco, et al.
(author)
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Spatial multimodal analysis of transcriptomes and metabolomes in tissues
- 2023
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In: Nature Biotechnology. - 1087-0156 .- 1546-1696.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a spatial omics approach that combines histology, mass spectrometry imaging and spatial transcriptomics to facilitate precise measurements of mRNA transcripts and low-molecular-weight metabolites across tissue regions. The workflow is compatible with commercially available Visium glass slides. We demonstrate the potential of our method using mouse and human brain samples in the context of dopamine and Parkinson’s disease.
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| 3. |
- Almefelt, Lars, 1968, et al.
(author)
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Exploring Requirements Management in the Automotive Industry
- 2003
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In: 14th International Conference on Engineering Design Research for Practice - innovative products, processes and organisations.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents an empirical study carried out in the automotive industry, with the aim to bring forward new experiences and knowledge on management of requirements in practice. Adopting a qualitative systems approach, and using multiple information sources, the requirements management process during the development of a passenger car cockpit has been mapped out. The logical reconstruction of the requirements management process is complemented with descriptions of associated phenomena, such as important events and attitudes. Findings are presented, analysed and discussed considering also factors underlying observed phenomena.
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| 4. |
- Almefelt, Lars, 1968, et al.
(author)
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Requirements management in practice: findings from an empirical study in the automotive industry
- 2006
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In: Research in Engineering Design. ; 17:3, s. 113-134
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents an empirical study carried out in the automotive industry, with the aim to bring forward new experiences and knowledge on management of requirements in practice. Adopting a qualitative systems approach, and using multiple information sources, the requirements management process during the development of a passenger car cockpit has been mapped out. More specifically, the intention has been to identify and describe progress, changes, deviations, and compromises regarding the requirements and their fulfilment linked to the different phases of the product development. The logical reconstruction of the requirements management process is complemented with broad descriptions of associated phenomena, such as important events, organisational structures, competences, and attitudes. Findings are presented, analysed and discussed considering also factors underlying observed phenomena. Accompanying the empirical findings, the paper concludes with recommendations for constructive and efficient requirements management in practice.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Fredrik, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Computer Based Requirements and Concept Modelling - Information Gathering and Classification
- 2000
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In: 12th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology. 2000 ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper proposes a requirement and concept model based on a functional decomposition of mechanical systems. It is an object-oriented approach to integrate the representation of the design artefact and the design activity, through the decisions made during the design evolution. The requirements co-evolve simultaneously with the formation of the conceptual layout, through the opportunity to alter between function and physical/abstract solutions. This approach structures the design requirements and concepts in such a way that it supports the ability to document their sources, to allow for validation and verifications of both requirements and design solutions. First, the proposed model is presented from a theoretical viewpoint. Secondly, a methodology for modelling requirements and concepts in an object-oriented fashion is discussed. Finally, the model is implemented in METIS software and tested in a case study of an electric window winder on a truck door.
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| 6. |
- Blicharska, Malgorzata, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Biodiversity’s contributions to sustainable development
- 2019
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In: Nature Sustainability. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2398-9629. ; 2, s. 1083-1093
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- International concern to develop sustainably challenges us to act upon the inherent links between our economy, society and environment, and is leading to increasing acknowledgement of biodiversity's importance. This Review discusses the breadth of ways in which biodiversity can support sustainable development. It uses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a basis for exploring scientific evidence of the benefits delivered by biodiversity. It focuses on papers that provide examples of how biodiversity components (that is, ecosystems, species and genes) directly deliver benefits that may contribute to the achievement of individual SDGs. It also considers how biodiversity's direct contributions to fulfilling some SDGs may indirectly support the achievement of other SDGs to which biodiversity does not contribute directly. How the attributes (for example, diversity, abundance or composition) of biodiversity components influence the benefits delivered is also presented, where described by the papers reviewed. While acknowledging potential negative impacts and trade-offs between different benefits, the study concludes that biodiversity may contribute to fulfilment of all SDGs.
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| 7. |
- Ewald, Jonas, 1959, et al.
(author)
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A strategic conflict analysis for the Great Lakes region
- 2004
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to give some input to the preparation process of a new regional strategy for Swedish international development co- operation in the Great Lakes region. The report draws on a number of field visits carried out from May to November 2003. Extensive reviews of secondary material were also conducted. The report is organised in a three sections: the first section with an intro- duction and theoretical point of departure and an overview of the major sources of conflicts on the regional level, a chapter on regional conflict resolu- tions mechanisms and lastly a chapter outlining crosscutting issues from the country analyses; the second section consists of a chapter on scenarios and a chapter on policy recommendations; the third section consists of country analyses of Rwanda, Burundi, DRC, Uganda and Kenya. In the country analyses, we show the major structural, proxy and triggering factors behind the current conflict configuration. The country analyses constitute the stepping- stone for the crosscutting issues and regional analysis in section two. The overall conclusion of our work is that the peace process has taken some very important steps forward during 2003. Both the governments of the region, and the international donors display a commitment to peace and development. Despite certain local outbreaks of violence in more than one of the countries, the generalised violence has come to a halt. However, this situation cannot be taken for granted, and there are still risks for reversals. It is this perspective the future role of the international community must be seen. Among the concepts included in our theoretical points of departure are the well-known distinction between direct violence and structural violence. The present military situation, with fading expres- sions of violence, means that direct violence in the region is fading, while there are still no signs of any coherent strategy for what we have chosen to call structural violence reduction. Thus, first and foremost, the international donors should at all costs promote a development strategy which is based the immediate need to direct all efforts to reduce the structural violence in the region. Basically, this is about dealing with people’s basic needs satisfaction. Without this, huge amounts of people, not least young people, in the region will continue to be vulnerable and receptive for any kind of mobilisation to renewed direct violence.
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| 8. |
- Ewald, Jonas, 1959, et al.
(author)
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Strategic conflict analysis: Lake Victoria region
- 2004
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The overall objective of the Strategic Conflict Analysis of the Lake Victoria is to deepen Sidas understanding of potential and ongoing conflicts, with the aim of strengthening Sida's ability to contribute to conflict management responses in the regions. The analysis includes an overview of the regional conflict context in order to identify current trends within the regions and map out conflict related risks and opportunities for promoting peace, with a view to outlining a number of options for Sida's work in the future.
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| 9. |
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| 11. |
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| 13. |
- Nilsson, Carl Patrik, 1969-
(author)
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Attention to Advertising
- 2006
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Attention to AdvertisingCarl Patrik Nilsson, Umeå School of Business, Umeå University SE-901 87 Umeå, SwedenAbstractIn advertising, capturing consumers’ attention is imperative. Yet, how attention to advertising works in a World Wide Web context has not been researched extensively. This area is the main focus of this research.The World Wide Web is an interactive medium which has characteristics that deviate from traditional media channels. Considering the unique properties of the World Wide Web it was deemed important to study how attention to advertising is affected by various contexts as well as attention getting techniques.The study was conducted in order to develop an understanding of how advertisements in different Web task environments are being attended to as well as how attention to advertisements varies between different attention getting techniques that are being used in Web advertising. Furthermore, a model which describes the relationship between context, attention getting techniques and attention to advertising was developed and tested. In connection to this it was tested whether click-through or click-rate is indeed an adequate method when measuring advertising effect and thereby to what extent the pay per click pricing strategy is appropriate.In order to address the research issues a theoretical framework was assembled. Nine hypotheses were formulated deriving from the framework. To test the hypotheses and the model, an experimental research design was employed. Three experiments were designed to study the hypotheses formulated. A total of 702 individual experiments were conducted.The conclusions from the study reveal that Web task environments indeed have an impact on attention to advertising. Increased complexity or a more difficult task environment demands more cognitive resources which in turn produces lower attention levels to the advertising stimulus. Reduced complexity, on the other hand, releases cognitive resources that can be spent elsewhere. Thus, a higher attention level to the advertising stimulus was recorded. This also confirmed the properties of the proposed model; namely that the permeability of a filtering mechanism is dependent on for instance level of goal orientation and complexity of the physical task environment i.e. the complexity of the Web site. The study revealed that attention getting techniques such as pop-up advertisements increase the attention to advertising. However, it was found that pop-up advertisements are effective, not mainly because of their abrupt presentation, but because of the distinct properties of the frame. It was found that the frame has a negative meaning for Web users and when the frame comes into the visual field it will attract their attention. At the same time attention will also be distributed towards the advertisement itself. This is recorded as an increase in attention towards the advertising message.The results show that the click-through measure is not an appropriate method when measuring advertising effect. The click-through measure may severely underestimate the advertising effect. Consequently, using click-through frequencies as a basis for pricing is inappropriate, unless the effects at play have been well understood and taken into consideration.Key words: Attention to advertising, attention getting techniques, Web advertising, Web environment, click-throughStudies in Business Administration, B series, No 60.ISSN 0346-8291, ISBN 91-7264-189-4Umeå School of Business - Sweden 2006
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| 14. |
- Nilsson Hallén, Jonathan, 1997, et al.
(author)
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Ionic Liquids: A Simple Model to Predict Ion Conductivity Based on DFT Derived Physical Parameters
- 2019
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In: Frontiers in Chemistry. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-2646. ; 7:MAR
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A model able to a priori predict ion conductivities of ionic liquids (ILs) is a desired design tool. We here propose a set of simple conductivity models for ILs composed of small ions by only using data easily derived from standard DFT calculations as input; ion volume, ion mass, ion moment of inertia, and the ion-ion interaction strength. Hence these simple models are totally without any need for experimental parametrization. All model are made from fits of 22 ILs based on 12 different cations and 5 different anions, resulting in correlations vs. experiment of R-2 approximate to 0.95 and MAE of 25-36%. Given their (very) simple layout and how fast they can be applied (and re-used), the models allow for ample screening of new IL designs, while not aimed for perfect predictions per se.
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| 15. |
- Nilsson, Patrik, 1969
(author)
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Managing Requirements in a Design Support System. A Product Modelling Approachn
- 2004
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The basic decisions in product development processes concerning requirements, functions, and product concepts are made during the early phases. Thus, a huge amount of information about the evolving product is generated and must be shared, structured, and communicated. Sharing this information is important. However, it is only beneficial if the information is used and interpreted effectively. This is not always a straightforward task, and there are many challenges involved in getting people from different disciplines to produce and share a common view of the product. Despite the rapid development of information technology, there are still few software tools that support the dynamic early phases where stakeholder needs and requirements are identified and conceptual solutions are evaluated against these requirements. This thesis argues for a holistic view, in order to manage all criteria while considering as many perspectives and interests as possible. A model, theoretically based on the Theory of Domains, has been developed to support this holistic view. It provides a common understanding of involved stakeholders, together with the requirements, functions and sub-systems of the product being designed. The main contributions of the research lie in: a phenomena model that has been developed for a common understanding of different stakeholders involved, together with the requirements, functions, and systems during the design of a product, the knowledge of integrated product and process modelling has been further developed in order to bridge, or at least narrow, the gap between product and process descriptions, and, descriptive elements on how manufacturing requirements are managed and prescriptive elements demonstrating how the requirements could be structured. The different structures and their applicable manufacturing requirements have been implemented in a commercial requirements engineering tool. This model will help facilitate information sharing between members of development teams. Based on this, the model will support the decision-making process, and help the design team balance the interests of different stakeholders and the related functions. This balance will in turn enhance the possibility of success in the market. The model's applicability has been shown through several industrial studies.
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| 16. |
- Nilsson, Patrik, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Managing stakeholder requirements in a product modelling system
- 2006
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In: Computers in industry (Print). - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0166-3615 .- 1872-6194. ; 57:2, s. 167-177
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In order to develop a well-balanced product, it is necessary to consider not only the customers, but also all the other stakeholders throughout the product's life cycle. A holistic view is needed in order to manage all criteria, considering as many perspectives and interests as possible. This paper presents a model that provides a common understanding for stakeholders involved, together with the requirements, functions and sub-systems of the product being developed. The model supports the decision-making process, and supports the designer to balance the interests of different stakeholders and the related functions. This results in a product developed according to all known demands from various stakeholders. This, in turn, will enhance the possibility of success in the market. The model has been applied in an industrial case study.
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| 17. |
- Nilsson, Patrik, 1969, et al.
(author)
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Process-driven Product Development - Managing Manufacturing Requirements
- 2004
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In: 5th International Symposium on tools and methods of Competitive Engineering.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper focus on the management of manufacturing requirements and more specifically how requirements can be structured in a requirements engineering tool. The different types of requirement structures play an important role in concurrent development, where involved actors (e.g. design and manufacturing engineers) need to view the manufacturing requirements from different perspectives. The general aim with this paper is to narrow the gap between the product and the process domain, resulting in better decisions and requirements fulfilment. The study demonstrates that manufacturing requirements could be structured according to either the product domain (e.g. functional or physical structures) or manufacturing domain (e.g. process or resource structures). The different structures and their applicable manufacturing requirements have been implemented in a commercial requirements engineering tool. These, have in turn been reviewed by experienced manufacturing and design engineers at a Swedish car manufacturer during focus group sessions. Finally, advantages and disadvantages with each structure are discussed. As an example, information from the development of a passenger car cockpit is used.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Nilsson, Viktor, 1985, et al.
(author)
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Critical evaluation of the stability of highly concentrated LiTFSI - Acetonitrile electrolytes vs. graphite, lithium metal and LiFePO4 electrodes
- 2018
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In: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 384, s. 334-341
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Highly concentrated LiTFSI - acetonitrile electrolytes have recently been shown to stabilize graphite electrodes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) much better than comparable more dilute systems. Here we revisit this system in order to optimise the salt concentration vs. both graphite and lithium metal electrodes with respect to electrochemical stability. However, we observe an instability regardless of concentration, making lithium metal unsuitable as a counter electrode, and this also affects evaluation of e.g. graphite electrodes. While the highly concentrated electrolytes have much improved electrochemical stabilities, their reductive decomposition below ca. 1.2 V vs. Li + /Li° still makes them less practical vs. graphite electrodes, and the oxidative reaction with Al at ca. 4.1 V vs. Li + /Li° makes them problematic for high voltage LIB cells. The former originates in an insufficiently stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) dissolving and continuously reforming – causing self-discharge, as observed by paused galvanostatic cycling, while the latter is likely caused by aluminium current collector corrosion. Yet, we show that medium voltage LiFePO 4 positive electrodes can successfully be used as counter and reference electrodes.
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| 20. |
- Nilsson, Viktor, 1985, et al.
(author)
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Highly Concentrated LiTFSI-EC Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries
- 2020
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In: ACS Applied Energy Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2574-0962. ; 3:1, s. 200-207
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Concentrated electrolytes have the potential to increase the stability for batteries with lithium metal anodes. In this study, liquid electrolytes were created by mixing ethylene carbonate (EC), a solid at room temperature, with a high concentration of LiTFSI salt. The binary LiTFSI-EC highly concentrated electrolytes have the benefit of extremely low volatility as compared to conventional organic electrolytes and also allow for cycling vs Li metal anodes. Using a LiTFSI-EC electrolyte with molar ratio 1:6, the Coulombic efficiency for Li plating/stripping on Cu is 97% at a current density of 1 mA cm-2 with a 2 mAh cm-2 capacity, pointing to a practically useful performance. In a full cell setup using a commercial LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode, the efficiency is maintained, proving compatibility. In comparison to other carbonate-based electrolytes, there is less accumulation of decomposition products on the surface of a cycled Li film, which in part explains the improved cycle life. In all, this electrolyte system shows promise in terms of electrochemical stability and may allow for safe Li metal batteries due to the inherent physical stability.
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| 21. |
- Sundström, Johan, Professor, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Rationale for a Swedish cohort consortium
- 2019
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In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 124:1, s. 21-28
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We herein outline the rationale for a Swedish cohort consortium, aiming to facilitate greater use of Swedish cohorts for world-class research. Coordination of all Swedish prospective population-based cohorts in a common infrastructure would enable more precise research findings and facilitate research on rare exposures and outcomes, leading to better utilization of study participants' data, better return of funders' investments, and higher benefit to patients and populations. We motivate the proposed infrastructure partly by lessons learned from a pilot study encompassing data from 21 cohorts. We envisage a standing Swedish cohort consortium that would drive development of epidemiological research methods and strengthen the Swedish as well as international epidemiological competence, community, and competitiveness.
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| 22. |
- Svane, Maria, 1957, et al.
(author)
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On-Line Chemical Analysis of Individual Alkali-Containing Aerosol Particles by Surface Ionization Combined with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
- 2009
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In: Aerosol Science and Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0278-6826 .- 1521-7388. ; 43:7, s. 653-661
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An aerosol mass spectrometer for measurements of the alkali metal content in individual submicron aerosol particles is presented. The instrument combines surface ionization of individual particles on a hot platinum surface with orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The instrument simultaneously provides the content of different alkali metal elements in single particles with high sensitivity. The instrument is characterized in laboratory experiments, and determination of the alkali metal content is demonstrated for particle diameters of 50-500 nm. The technique is demonstrated in ambient air measurements at an urban background site, and sea spray particles and particles originating from biomass burning are identified based on their content of sodium and potassium. Possible further improvements and applications of the technique are discussed.
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