| 1. |
- Nordmark, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebral pares
- 2002
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Ingår i: Sjukgymnastik för barn och ungdom: teori och tillämpning. - 9144021119 ; , s. 143-153
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Berglin, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of radiological progression and changes in hand bone density in early rheumatoid arthritis
- 2003
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Ingår i: Rheumatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-0324 .- 1462-0332 .- 1460-2172. ; 42:2, s. 268-275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors for radiological and functional outcome and bone loss in the hands in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) during the first 2 yr of disease and to study the relationship between these variables.METHODS: An inception cohort of consecutively recruited patients was examined at baseline and after 12 and 24 months using X-rays of hands and feet, clinical [28-joint count, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), global visual analogue scale (VAS), grip strength] and laboratory (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, markers of bone formation and resorption) measurements and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements of the hands.RESULTS: Joint destruction increased significantly during the study, with the Larsen score at baseline as the strongest predictor. Radiological progression and bone loss over 24 months were significantly retarded in patients responding to therapy. The effects of the shared epitope and initial high inflammatory activity on radiological progression were overridden by the therapeutic response. Radiological progression correlated significantly with bone loss. Global VAS, Larsen score and HAQ at inclusion significantly predicted change in HAQ over time.CONCLUSIONS: Radiological progression and bone loss were retarded by early therapeutic response. Bone loss was related to radiological progression.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Leffler, Ann-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Somatosensory perception and function of diffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC) in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis.
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pain. - : Wiley. - 1090-3801 .- 1532-2149. ; 6:2, s. 161-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose was to investigate the influence of ongoing pain from an inflammatory nociceptive pain with two different disease durations on somatosensory functions and the effect of heterotopic noxious conditioning stimulation (HNCS) on 'diffuse noxious inhibitory controls' (DNIC) related mechanisms. Eleven patients with rheumatoid arthritis of a short duration (<1 year) (RA1), and 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis of longer duration (>5 years) (RA5) as well as 21 age- and sex-matched healthy controls participated. Pressure pain sensitivity, low threshold mechanoreceptive function and thermal sensitivity, including thermal pain, were assessed over a painful and inflamed joint as well as in a pain-free area, i.e. the right thigh before HNCS (cold-pressor test) and repeated at the thigh only during and following HNCS. In RA1 and RA5 allodynia to pressure was seen over the joint (p<0.02 and p<0.001 respectively) in conjunction with hypoaesthesia to light touch (p<0.02) and hyperaesthesia to innocuous cold (p<0.05) in RA5. At the thigh, allodynia to pressure was found in RA5 (p<0.002). During HNCS, the sensitivity to pressure pain decreased in patients and controls alike (p<0.001). In conclusion, over an inflamed joint allodynia to pressure was found in both RA groups, with additional sensory abnormalities in RA5. In a non-painful area, allodynia to pressure was found in RA5, suggesting altered central processing of somatosensory functions in RA5 patients. The response to HNCS was similar in both RA groups and controls, indicating preserved function of DNIC-related mechanisms.
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| 5. |
- Mauritzson-Sandberg, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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ICT - the solution of communication hurdles in the modern family?
- 2004
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Ingår i: Human Perspectives in the Internet Society. - Southamton : WIT Press.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The daily life situation for the family has changed drastically over the last few decades and during the same period of time the development within the area of information and communication technology (ICT) has, more or less, exploded. In this paper the two different development curves are combined in order to study the impact of new ICT applications on the daily life situation of the families of today. The two studies presented in this paper focuses primarily on the communication within families with children. The first study aims at mapping the patterns of communication within targeted families and their attitudes to, and need for, different ICT applications. In the second, trial set-ups of different ICT applications are evaluated. The results show that, although the families were assessing themselves as posi...
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| 6. |
- Nordmark, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the Gross Motor Function Measure and Paediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory in assessing motor function in children undergoing selective dorsal rhizotomy
- 2000
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Ingår i: Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. - : Wiley. - 0012-1622 .- 1469-8749. ; 42:4, s. 245-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was designed to compare assessment with the functional outcome measures Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) over time, in children with cerebral palsy (CP) undergoing selective dorsal rhizotomy combined with individualised physiotherapeutic interventions. Using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), 18 children with spastic diplegia were divided into two groups according to age-related severity of motor function impairment. Data were collected preoperatively, and at 6 and la months postoperatively. Both instruments were sensitive to changes in function over time in the series as a whole and in the group with milder impairment, although the PEDI detected significant changes earlier. In the group with more severe impairment, changes in function were detected only with the PEDI, not with the GMFM. Thus, the instruments are to be considered complementary tests, because they measure different aspects of function.
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| 7. |
- Nordmark, Eva-Lisa, 1975-
(författare)
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Structural and Interaction Studies of Bacterial Polysaccharides by NMR Spectroscopy
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An introduction to bacterial polysaccharides and the methods for structural determination are described in the first two parts of the thesis.In a structural elucidation of bacterial polysaccharides NMR experiments are important as is component analysis. A short description of immunochemical methods such as enzyme immunoassays is included. Two NMR techniques used for interaction studies, trNOE and STD NMR, are also discussed. The third part of the thesis discusses and summarizes the results from the included papers. The structures of the exopolysaccharides produced by two lactic acid bacteria are determined by one- and two dimensional NMR experiments. One is a heteropolysaccharide produced by Streptococcus thermophilus and the other a homopolysaccharide produced by Propionibacterium freudenreichii. The structure of an acidic polysaccharide from a marine bacterium with two serine residues in the repeating unit is also investigated. The structural and immunological relationship between two O-antigenic polysaccharides from Escherichia coli strain 180/C3 and O5 is discussed and investigated. Finally, interaction studies of an octasaccharide derived from the Salmonella enteritidis O-antigen and a bacteriophage are described which were performed with NMR experiments.
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| 8. |
- Nordmark, Eva
(författare)
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Measurements of Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy
- 2000
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cerebral palsy (CP) is a term for a group of conditions associated with motor disabilities, that are very heterogeneous, i.e. symptoms, severity, associated impairments, functional outcome and needs. The overall purpose of this thesis was to study the prevalence and gross motor function and to evaluate and adapt measurements in children with CP. The prevalence in Southern Sweden was 2.4 per 1000 children. Children born abroad had a three times higher prevalence and were more often severely disabled. All 167 children were classified with the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). This showed that 59% of the children were mildly disabled (levels I and II), 14% moderately disabled (level III) and 27% severely disabled (levels IV and V). Significant differences between GMFCS levels and subgroups of diagnosis, aetiology, intellectual capacity, epilepsy and visual impairment were found. Severe motor disability was often combined with associated impairments such as mental retardation, epilepsy and visual impairment. Inter- and intra-rater reliability of the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) was found to be satisfying, even with untrained testers. The Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) was investigated to ascertain the content, relevance and applicability in Sweden. A strong correlation between the PEDI results obtained for non-disabled Swedish children and the corresponding American data was found. This suggests that the American normative data are appropriate for reference purposes in Sweden. The GMFM and PEDI were compared regarding responsiveness in children with CP after Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy (SDR). Both GMFM and PEDI were sensitive to changes in function over time, for the series as a whole and in the group with mild to moderate disability, although the PEDI detected significant changes earlier. In the group with more severe disability, changes were detected only with the PEDI, not with the GMFM. The GMFM and PEDI are considered to be complementary tools as they measure different aspects of function. The usefulness of the Wartenberg pendulum test was investigated in very young children with spastic diplegia undergoing SDR.The pendulum test, combined with EMG, was shown to be an objective and sensitive method for quantifying spasticity in knee extensor muscles at ages down to 2.5 years. Children with spasticity displayed significantly lower values than healthy children. All the pendulum parameters improved after SDR and became similar to those of the healthy children. Swing time was the most reliable and sensitive variable. The R2 ratio showed a correlation with the quadriceps reflex. The relative swing time was the only parameter showing a correlation with measurements for function. Standardised measurements should be used as a part of the clinical decision-making process and for evaluation. They have to be multidimensional to address the variation of dysfunction at each level of the disablement process.
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| 9. |
- Nordmark, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Wartenberg pendulum test: objective quantification of muscle tone in children with spastic diplegia undergoing selective dorsal rhizotomy.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. - : Wiley. - 0012-1622 .- 1469-8749. ; 44:1, s. 26-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and sensitivity of the Wartenberg pendulum test for quantification of muscle tone in young children with spastic diplegia undergoing selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR). Fourteen nondisabled children (mean age of 5.5 years, age range 2.3 to 8.8 years, one female and one male in each year) were tested twice. Twenty children with spastic diplegia (12 males, eight females; mean age of 4.3 years, age range 2.5 to 6.3 years) consecutively selected for SDR, were assessed before and 6 months after SDR. Parameters of the pendulum test: R2, R1, maximal velocity, and swing time were correlated with clinical assessments for spasticity (modified Ashworth scale, quadriceps reflex) and measurements of gross motor function: the Gross Motor Function Classification System and the Gross Motor Function Measure. The Wartenberg pendulum test was found to be an objective and sensitive method for quantifying spasticity in knee extensor muscles in children as young as 2.5 years old. The method was responsive to changes after SDR. The only correlation with clinical measurements of spasticity was between the R2 ratio and the quadriceps reflex. Swing time was the most reliable and sensitive variable; it showed a weak correlation with measurements for gross motor function.
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| 10. |
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