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- Carlsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Older Swedish Adults with High Self-Perceived Health Show Optimal 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Whereas Vitamin D Status Is Low in Patients with High Disease Burden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 8:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Controversy pervades the definition of adequate and optimal vitamin D status. The Institutes of Medicine have recommended serum 25(OH) D levels above 50 nmol/L based upon evidence related to bone health, but some experts, including the Endocrine Society and International Osteoporosis Foundation, suggest a minimum serum 25(OH) D level of 75 nmol/L to reduce the risk of falls and fractures in older adults. In a cross-sectional study, we compared vitamin D status in people >= 75 years selected from four groups with a frailty phenotype, combined with a control group free from serious illness, and who considered themselves completely healthy. Only 13% of the 169 controls were vitamin D deficient (S-25(OH) D) < 50 nmol/L), in contrast with 49% of orthopedic patients with hip fractures (n = 133), 31% of stroke patients (n = 122), 39% of patients visiting the hospital's emergency department >= 4 times a year (n = 81), and 75% of homebound adult residents in long-term care nursing homes (n = 51). The mean vitamin D concentration of the healthy control group (74 nmol/L) was similar to a suggested optimal level based on physiological data and mortality studies, and much higher than that of many officially recommended cut-off levels for vitamin D deficiency (< 50 nmol/L). The present study provides a basis for planning and implementing public guidelines for the screening of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D treatment for frail elderly patients.
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| 2. |
- Nordqvist, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Adherence to risk management guidelines for drugs which cause vitamin D deficiency – big data from the Swedish health system
- 2019
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Ingår i: Drug, Healthcare and Patient Safety. - : Dove Medical Press Ltd. - 1179-1365. ; 11, s. 19-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Several medications are known to cause vitamin D deficiency. The aim of this study is to describe vitamin D testing and supplementation in patients using these “risk medications”, thereby assessing adherence to medical guidelines.Patients and methods: A database with electronic health records for the population in a Swedish County (≈240,000 inhabitants) was screened for patients prescribed the pre-defined “risk medications” during a 2-year period (2014–2015). In total, 12,194 patients were prescribed “risk medications” pertaining to one of the three included pharmaceutical groups. Vitamin D testing and concomitant vitamin D supplementation, including differences between the included pharmaceutical groups, was explored by matching personal identification numbers.Results: Corticosteroids were prescribed to 10,003 of the patients, antiepileptic drugs to 1,101, and drugs mainly reducing vitamin D uptake to 864. Two hundred twenty-six patients were prescribed >1 “risk medication”. Seven hundred eighty-seven patients (6.5%) had been tested during the 2-year period. There were no differences regarding testing frequency between groups. Concomitant supplements were prescribed to 3,911 patients (32.1%). It was more common to be prescribed supplements when treated with corticosteroids. Vitamin D supplementation was more common among tested patients in all three groups. Women were tested and supplemented to a higher extent. The mean vitamin D level was 69 nmol/L. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 24.1% of tested patients, while 41.3% had optimal levels. It was less common to be deficient and more common to have optimal levels among patients prescribed corticosteroids.Conclusion: Adherence to medical guidelines comprising testing and supplementation of patients prescribed drugs causing vitamin D deficiency needs improvement in Sweden.
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| 4. |
- Nordqvist, Ola, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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It Is Time for a New Direction in Biotechnology Education Research
- 2019
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Ingår i: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education. - : Wiley. - 1470-8175 .- 1539-3429. ; 47:2, s. 189-200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology This manuscript presents a scoping review of Biotechnology Education Research (BTER) over the last 20 years. BTER during this period primarily focused on attitudes and knowledge, typically using research design methods suitable for addressing questions about frequencies, central tendencies, correlations, and so on. However, to guide the development of educational practices that will increase and sustain students' motivation and interest in science in general and biotechnology in particular, BTER will need to adopt research design methods that support the inference of causal relationships from observations. Research will need to focus on students' interest and motivation, and its relationship with effective teaching and learning of biotechnology in the context of socio-scientific issues (SSIs). Such a shift will increase interest and motivation in teaching and learning biotechnology and will also help establish and maintain students' interest in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) because biotechnology is an important STEM subject. This in turn may encourage students to choose educational and professional careers in science, helping to meet society's current and future needs. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 47(2): 189–200, 2019.
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