| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Norström, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
-
Gum dispersions as environmentally friendly wood adhesives
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Industrial crops and products (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-6690 .- 1872-633X. ; 52, s. 736-744
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, wood adhesives are mainly prepared from petroleum-based polymers. There is an ambition to decrease the utilization of petroleum-based raw materials and introduce bio-based polymers instead. However, the utilization of bio-based polymers is often limited due to insufficient properties in terms of water resistance or heat resistance. In this study bio-based dispersions have been prepared of locust bean gum, guar gum, xanthan gum and tamarind gum and evaluated as wood adhesives. Due to the high viscosity of the dispersions, a low dry solids content of 6. wt% was used. The film forming properties have been investigated and contact-angle measurement have been performed to obtain an indication of water resistance. Wood substrates have been bonded together and the bonding performance has been evaluated with different techniques. The gum dispersions have been compared with a commercial poly(vinyl acetate)-based wood adhesive and the results demonstrate that gums can be used as binders for wood adhesives. Locust bean gum dispersions show remarkable results - comparable to the commercial wood adhesive - even though the dry solids content is very low. The locust bean gum dispersion fulfills the D2 and WATT 91 requirements for wood adhesives according to the European Standard EN 204 and European Standard EN 14257.
|
|
| 4. |
- von Beckerath, Mathias P., 1966-, et al.
(författare)
-
Outcome of primary treatment of early laryngeal malignancies using photodynamic therapy
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 134:8, s. 852-858
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusion: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a viable and safe option for early laryngeal cancer that would be less suitably treated with radiation or trans-oral laser surgery (TLS). The cure rates with PDT appear to be comparable to those of conventional therapy, and the voice outcomes are also comparable. In the case of many sarcomas, PDT appears to be an organ- and function-sparing therapy, although it is more costly than other treatments.Objectives: The aim of this study was to show the results of PDT when it is used as a primary treatment of early laryngeal cancer. Methods: We studied the results of PDT when used as a primary treatment. We looked at survival, effect on tumor, side effects, voice, and costs.Results: The follow-up period was a median of 59 months. Nine of 10 patients were cured of their laryngeal cancer. PDT alone cured seven patients. All four of the sarcomas were cured using temoporfin. Two of three tumors that involved the anterior commissure were cured using only interstitial illumination with PDT. No serious side effects were noted. The patient's voices were improved after treatment in 5 of 10 cases, and none had a worsened voice.
|
|
