| 1. |
- Bolsi, Alessandra, et al.
(författare)
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Practice patterns of image guided particle therapy in Europe : A 2016 survey of the European Particle Therapy Network (EPTN)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 128:1, s. 4-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose: Image guidance is critical in achieving accurate and precise radiation delivery in particle therapy, even more than in photon therapy. However, equipment, quality assurance procedures and clinical workflows for image-guided particle therapy (IGPT) may vary substantially between centres due to a lack of standardization. A survey was conducted to evaluate the current practice of IGPT in European particle therapy centres.Material and methods: In 2016, a questionnaire was distributed among 19 particle therapy centres in 12 European countries. The questionnaire consisted of 30 open and 37 closed questions related to image guidance in the general clinical workflow, for moving targets, current research activities and future perspectives of IGPT.Results: All centres completed the questionnaire. The IGPT methods used by the 10 treating centres varied substantially. The 9 non-treating centres were in the process to introduce IGPT. Most centres have developed their own IGPT strategies, being tightly connected to their specific technical implementation and dose delivery methods.Conclusions: Insight into the current clinical practice of IGPT in European particle therapy centres was obtained. A variety in IGPT practices and procedures was confirmed, which underlines the need for harmonisation of practice parameters and consensus guidelines.
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| 2. |
- Dasu, Alexandru, et al.
(författare)
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Normal tissue sparing potential of scanned proton beams with and without respiratory gating for the treatment of internal mammary nodes in breast cancer radiotherapy
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physica medica (Testo stampato). - : Elsevier BV. - 1120-1797 .- 1724-191X. ; 52, s. 81-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proton therapy has shown potential for reducing doses to normal tissues in breast cancer radiotherapy. However data on the impact of protons when including internal mammary nodes (IMN) in the target for breast radiotherapy is comparatively scarce. This study aimed to evaluate normal tissue doses when including the IMN in regional RT with scanned proton beams, with and without respiratory gating. The study cohort was composed of ten left-sided breast patients CT-scanned during enhanced inspiration gating (EIG) and free-breathing (FB). Proton plans were designed for the target including or excluding the IMN. Targets and organs-at-risk were delineated according to RTOG guidelines. Comparison was performed between dosimetric parameters characterizing target coverage and OAR radiation burden. Statistical significance of differences was tested using a paired, two-tailed Student's t-test. Inclusion of the IMN in the target volume led to a small increase of the cardiopulmonary burden. The largest differences were seen for the ipsilateral lung where the mean dose increased from 6.1 to 6.6 Gy (RBE) (P < 0.0001) in FB plans and from 6.9 to 7.4 Gy (RBE) (P = 0.003) in EIG plans. Target coverage parameters were very little affected by the inclusion of IMN into the treatment target. Radiotherapy with scanned proton beams has the potential of maintaining low cardiovascular burden when including the IMN into the target, irrespective of whether respiratory gating is used or not.
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| 3. |
- Eekers, Danielle B. P., et al.
(författare)
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The EPTN consensus-based atlas for CT- and MR-based contouring in neuro-oncology
- 2018
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 128:1, s. 37-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To create a digital, online atlas for organs at risk (OAR) delineation in neuro-oncology based on high-quality computed tomography (Cr) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Methods: CT and 3 Tesla (3T) MR images (slice thickness 1 mm with intravenous contrast agent) were obtained from the same patient and subsequently fused. In addition, a 7T MR without intravenous contrast agent was obtained from a healthy volunteer. Based on discussion between experienced radiation oncologists, the clinically relevant organs at risk (OARs) to be included in the atlas for neuro-oncology were determined, excluding typical head and neck OARs previously published. The draft atlas was delineated by a senior radiation oncologist, 2 residents in radiation oncology, and a senior neuro-radiologist incorporating relevant available literature. The proposed atlas was then critically reviewed and discussed by European radiation oncologists until consensus was reached. Results: The online atlas includes one CT-scan at two different window settings and one MR scan (3T) showing the OARs in axial, coronal and sagittal view. This manuscript presents the three-dimensional descriptions of the fifteen consensus OARs for neuro-oncology. Among these is a new OAR relevant for neuro-cognition, the posterior cerebellum (illustrated on 7T MR images). Conclusion: In order to decrease inter- and intra-observer variability in delineating OARs relevant for neuro-oncology and thus derive consistent dosimetric data, we propose this atlas to be used in photon and particle therapy. The atlas is available online at w.cancerdata.c and will be updated whenever required.
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| 4. |
- Flejmer, Anna M., et al.
(författare)
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Potential benefit of scanned proton beam versus photons as adjuvant radiation therapy in breast cancer
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Particle Therapy. - 2331-5180. ; 1:4, s. 845-855
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of using scanned proton beams as adjuvant radiation therapy for breast cancer. Long-term cardiopulmonary complications may worsen the quality of life and reduce the positive contribution of radiation therapy, which has been known to improve long-term control of locoregional disease as well as the long-term survival for these patients.Materials and Methods: Ten patients with stage I-III cancer (either after mastectomy or lumpectomy, left- or right-sided) were included in the study. The patients were identified from a larger group where dose heterogeneity in the target and/or hotspots in the normal tissues qualified them for irregular surface compensator planning with photons. The patients underwent planning with 2 scanned proton beam planning techniques, single-field uniform dose and intensity-modulated proton therapy, and the results were compared with those from irregular surface compensator. All volumes of interest were delineated and reviewed by experienced radio-oncologists. The patients were prescribed 50 GyRBE in 25 fractions. Dosimetric parameters of interest were compared with a paired, 2-tailed Student t test.Results: The proton plans showed comparable or better target coverage than the original photon plans. There were also large reductions with protons in mean doses to the heart (0.2 versus 1.3 GyRBE), left anterior descending artery (1.4 versus 6.4 GyRBE), and the ipsilateral lung (6.3 versus 7.7 GyRBE). This reduction is important from the point of view of the quality of life of the patients after radiation therapy. No significant differences were found between single-field uniform dose and intensity-modulated proton therapy plans.Conclusion: Spot scanning technique with protons may improve target dose homogeneity and further reduce doses to the organs at risk compared with advanced photon techniques. The results from this study indicate a potential for protons as adjuvant radiation therapy in breast cancer and a further step toward the individualization of treatment based on anatomic and comorbidity characteristics.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Flejmer, Anna M., et al.
(författare)
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Respiratory gating for proton beam scanning versus photon 3D-CRT for breast cancer radiotherapy
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 55:5, s. 577-583
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Respiratory gating and proton therapy have both been proposed to reduce the cardiopulmonary burden in breast cancer radiotherapy. This study aims to investigate the additional benefit of proton radiotherapy for breast cancer with and without respiratory gating.Material and methods Twenty left-sided patients were planned on computed tomography (CT)-datasets acquired during enhanced inspiration gating (EIG) and free-breathing (FB), using photon three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) and scanned proton beams. Ten patients received treatment to the whole breast only (WBO) and 10 were treated to the breast and the regional lymph nodes (BRN). Dosimetric parameters characterizing the coverage of target volumes and the cardiopulmonary burden were compared using a paired, two-tailed Student’s t-test.Results Protons ensured comparable or better target coverage than photons in all patients during both EIG and FB. The heterogeneity index decreased from 12% with photons to about 5% with protons. The mean dose to the ipsilateral lung was reduced in BRN patients from 12 Gy to 7 Gy (RBE) in EIG and from 14 Gy to 6-7 Gy (RBE) in FB, while for WBO patients all values were about 5-6 Gy (RBE). The mean dose to heart decreased by a factor of four in WBO patients [from 1.1 Gy to 0.3 Gy (RBE) in EIG and from 2.1 Gy to 0.5 Gy (RBE) in FB] and 10 in BRN patients [from 2.1 Gy to 0.2 Gy (RBE) in EIG and from 3.4 Gy to 0.3 Gy (RBE) in FB]. Similarly, the mean and the near maximum dose to left anterior descending artery (LAD) were significantly lower (p<0.05) with protons in comparison with photons.Conclusion Proton spot scanning has a high potential to reduce the irradiation of organs at risk and other normal tissues for most patients, beyond what could be achieved with EIG and photon therapy. The largest dose sparing has been seen for BRN patients, both in terms of cardiopulmonary burden and integral dose.
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| 7. |
- Nilsson, Greger, et al.
(författare)
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Radiation dose distribution in coronary arteries in breast cancer radiotherapy
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 55:8, s. 959-963
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Women irradiated for left-sided breast cancer (BC) have an increased risk of coronary artery disease compared to women with right-sided BC. We describe the distribution of radiation dose in segments of coronary arteries in women receiving adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for left- or right-sided BC.Material and methods: Fifteen women with BC, seven left-sided and eight right-sided, who had received three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), constituted the study base. The heart and the segments of the coronary arteries were defined as separate organs at risk (OAR), and the mean and maximum radiation doses were calculated for each OAR.Results: In women with left-sided BC, irrespective of if regional lymph node RT was given or not, maximum dose in mid and distal left anterior descending artery (mdLAD) was approximately 50Gy in 6/7 patients, whereas women with right-sided BC mainly received low doses of radiation. In women with left-sided BC, 6/7 patients had substantially higher mean dose to the distal LAD than to the heart, ranging from 30 to 55Gy and 3 to13Gy, respectively.Conclusion: We found a pronounced difference of radiation dose distribution in the coronary arteries between women with left- and right-sided BC. Women with left-sided BC had almost full treatment dose in parts of mdLAD, regardless of if regional lymph node irradiation was given or not, while women with right-sided BC mainly received low doses to the coronary arteries.
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| 8. |
- Ording, Anne Gulbech, et al.
(författare)
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Relative mortality rates from incident chronic diseases among breast cancer survivors - A 14 year follow-up of five-year survivors diagnosed in Denmark between 1994 and 2007
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 51:6, s. 767-775
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It remains unknown whether incident chronic diseases are more often fatal among breast cancer survivors than among women free of breast cancer. Methods: We conducted a nationwide matched cohort study of all Danish breast cancer patients diagnosed between 1994 and 2007, who survived for five years. We compared their long-term mortality with five times as many women from the general population without breast cancer, matched on age. We used time-varying methods to compute mortality rate ratios (MRRs) for incident diseases included in the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Results: One third of five-year breast cancer survivors developed incident diseases during 14 years of follow-up, with about the same incidence as women without breast cancer. Mortality associated with any incident disease was similar among breast cancer survivors (MRR = 7.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.7, 7.4) and comparison women (MRR = 7.5, 95% CI: 7.3, 7.7). Among breast cancer patients, relative mortality associated with incident diseases was higher among patients treated with chemotherapy (MRR = 10, 95% CI: 8.7, 12) and radiotherapy (MRR = 9.8, 95% CI: 8.8, 11) than among patients who received surgery (MRR = 7.0, 95% CI: 6.7, 7.4) or hormonal therapy (MRR = 6.3, 95% CI: 5.8, 6.9). Conclusion: There were no marked differences in mortality of diseases among breast cancer survivors and women from the general population. Among breast cancer patients, new diseases were more often fatal in patients treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Five-year breast cancer survivors have similar risk of dying from new chronic medical conditions as women from the general population without breast cancer.
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| 9. |
- Rostami, Elham, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Recurrent papillary craniopharyngioma with BRAFV600E mutation treated with neoadjuvant-targeted therapy.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Neurochirurgica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0001-6268 .- 0942-0940. ; 159:11, s. 2217-2221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Craniopharyngiomas are histologically benign but locally aggressive tumors in the sellar region that may cause devastating neurological and endocrine deficits. They tend to recur following surgery with high morbidity; hence, postoperative radiotherapy is recommended following sub-total resection. BRAFV600E mutation is the principal oncogenic driver in the papillary variant of craniopharyngiomas. Recently, a dramatic tumor reduction has been reported in a patient with BRAFV600E mutated, multiply recurrent papillary craniopharyngioma using a combination therapy of BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib and MEK inhibitor trametinib. Here, we report on near-radical reduction of a growing residual BRAFV600E craniopharyngioma using the same neoadjuvant therapy.
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| 10. |
- Thurin, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Proton therapy for low-grade gliomas in adults : A systematic review
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical neurology and neurosurgery (Dutch-Flemish ed. Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0303-8467 .- 1872-6968. ; 174, s. 233-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For adult patients with diffuse low-grade glioma (LGG) proton therapy is an emerging radiotherapy modality. The number of proton facilities is rapidly increasing. However, there is a shortage of published data concerning the clinical effectiveness compared to photon radiotherapy and potential proton-specific toxicity. This study aimed to systematically review and summarize the relevant literature on proton therapy for adult LGG patients, including dosimetric comparisons, the type and frequency of acute and long-term toxicity and the clinical effectiveness. A systematic search was performed in several medical databases and 601 articles were screened for relevance. Nine articles were deemed eligible for in-depth analysis using a standardized data collection form by two independent researchers. Proton treatment plans compared favorably to photon-plans regarding dose to uninvolved neural tissue. Fatigue (27-100%), alopecia (37-85%), local erythema (78-85%) and headache (27-75%) were among the most common acute toxicities. One study reported no significant long-term cognitive impairments. Limited data was available on long-term survival. One study reported a 5-year overall survival of 84% and 5-year progression-free survival of 40%. We conclude that published data from clinical studies using proton therapy for adults with LGG are scarce. As the technique becomes more available, controlled clinical studies are urgently warranted to determine if the potential benefits based on comparative treatment planning translate into clinical benefits.
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| 11. |
- Wennstig, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Inter-observer variation in delineating the coronary arteries as organs at risk
- 2017
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 122:1, s. 72-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To determine the inter-observer variation in delineating the coronary arteries as organs at risk (OAR) in breast cancer (BC) radiotherapy (RT) and how this variation affects the estimated coronary artery radiation dose.Method: Delineation of the left main and the left anterior descending coronary artery (LMCA and LAD), and the right coronary artery (RCA), by using the heart atlas by Feng et al., was performed by three radiation oncologists in 32 women who had received adjuvant RT for BC. Centres of the arteries were calculated and distances between artery centres were measured and the artery radiation doses were estimated. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to quantify the variability in doses.Results: Along the extent of RCA, the median distance between centres of arteries varied from 2 to 9 mm with similar patterns over pairs of oncologists. For the LMCA-LAD the median distance varied from 1 to 4 mm. The estimated maximum radiation doses showed an ICC variation from 0.82 to 0.97.Conclusion: The coronary arteries can be reliably identified and delineated as OARs in BC RT. The spatial variance is limited and the total variation in radiation dose is almost completely determined by the between patient variation.
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