| 1. |
- Bengtsson, Kenneth, et al.
(author)
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Så kan Sverige bli ledande nation i resurseffektivitet
- 2016
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In: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; :2016-04-30
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Ny rapport. Det svenska näringslivet kan bli mer hållbart, resurssmart och därmed internationellt konkurrenskraftigt. Men för det behövs en tydlig politisk avsiktsförklaring och riktlinjer. Vi har listat sex områden där policyutveckling brådskar, skriver företrädare för näringsliv, forskning och myndigheter i en gemensam uppmaning.
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| 2. |
- Einarsdottir, Berglind Osk, 1979, et al.
(author)
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A patient-derived xenograft pre-clinical trial reveals treatment responses and a resistance mechanism to karonudib in metastatic melanoma
- 2018
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In: Cell Death & Disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-4889. ; 9:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Karonudib (TH1579) is a novel compound that exerts anti-tumor activities and has recently entered phase I clinical testing. The aim of this study was to conduct a pre-clinical trial in patient-derived xenografts to identify the possible biomarkers of response or resistance that could guide inclusion of patients suffering from metastatic melanoma in phase II clinical trials. Patient-derived xenografts from 31 melanoma patients with metastatic disease were treated with karonudib or a vehicle for 18 days. Treatment responses were followed by measuring tumor sizes, and the models were categorized in the response groups. Tumors were harvested and processed for RNA sequencing and protein analysis. To investigate the effect of karonudib on T-cell-mediated anti-tumor activities, tumor-infiltrating T cells were injected in mice carrying autologous tumors and the mice treated with karonudib. We show that karonudib has heterogeneous anti-tumor effect on metastatic melanoma. Thus, based on the treatment responses, we could divide the 31 patient-derived xenografts in three treatment groups: progression group (32%), suppression group (42%), and regression group (26%). Furthermore, we show that karonudib has anti-tumor effect, irrespective of major melanoma driver mutations. Also, we identify high expression of ABCB1, which codes for p-gp pumps as a resistance biomarker. Finally, we show that karonudib treatment does not hamper T-cell-mediated anti-tumor responses. These findings can be used to guide future use of karonudib in clinical use with a potential approach as precision medicine.
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| 3. |
- Lundmark, Robert, et al.
(author)
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Projekt: En hållbar omställning av energisystemet mot en ökad andel bioenergi
- 2016
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Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- 3 PhD projects: Markets and price formulation (LTU, economics); Technologies and value chains (Chalmers) and; Location and industrial change (LTU, energy engineering). The general system perspective has its starting point in the importance of biomass and bioenergy in the transition to a long-run sustainable energy system and to an efficient spatial resource utilization and production with increased value chains. Focus is on biorefineries. A spatial approach will be applied in combination with national energy system modelling in connection with technological development potentials and industrial applications is linked to the feed-stock supply as well as market and policy issues.
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| 4. |
- Lundmark, Robert, et al.
(author)
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Projekt: Storskalig utbyggnad av bioraffinaderier: Nya värdekedjor, produkter och effektivt utnyttjande av skoglig biomassa
- 2016
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Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Utvecklingen av kommersiella bioraffinaderikoncept är av strategisk betydelse för Sveriges utveckling till en biobaserad ekonomi. Bioraffinaderier bidrar till att ersätta fossila med biobaserade råvaror. Dessutom bidrar de till en smartare användning av biomassa, ökat förädlingsvärde samt utvecklingspotentialen av nya bioprodukter. Tekniska potentialer och industriella tillämpningar sammanlänkas med råvaruförsörjning samt marknads-, innovations- och policyaspekter. Projektet är tvärvetenskapligt och omfattar integration av modeller som kan redogöra för samspelet mellan olika sektorer, som inkluderar geografiska variationer av utbud och efterfrågan av skoglig biomassa, och som kan fånga effekterna av förändrade marknadsvillkor och styrmedel. För modellintegrationen kommer verktyg tas fram för att underlätta kommunikation och återkoppling mellan de ingående modellerna. Projektet syftar till att generera ny kunskap och ett modellramverk för avancerade systemanalyser relaterade till (i) den svenska biomassa och dess roll i ett hållbart energisystem och (ii) industriell omvandling av processindustrin i riktning mot ett framtida bioraffinaderi branschen. Genomförandefasen bygger på tre uppgiftsområden.
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| 5. |
- Olofsson, Anders, et al.
(author)
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The idea of a University in times of quality assurance : the voices of Swedish vice chancellors
- 2015
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In: ECER 2015, 7-11 September, Hungary.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The classical debate on the idea of the university goes back to the 19th century, originating in the intellectual and humanistic visions of Cardinal John Henry Newman in England and Wilhelm Von Humboldt in Germany. The history of the modern university, the celebration of triumph of reason over dogma and the notion of academic freedom and self-governance, which is even older, was borne of the 12th century Bologna Charter. During the 20th century, this debate continued and somewhat different idealised models of the university were presented (Wyatt 1990). During the 1960–1970s, intellectuals such as Habermas and Parsons sought to protect principles of the Enlightenment from becoming rigidified in factories of mass-produced technical expertise (Habermas 1987; Parsons & Platt 1973). In the 1990s, similar discussions emerged as new public management and academic capitalism continued to make its entry while turning higher education into what some called the “McUniversity in the postmodern consumer society” (Ritzer 1996).In the wake of more recent transformations of the higher education sector, scholars have returned to this debate (O’Byrne & Bond 2014; Rider, Hasselberg Waluszewski 2013). For example, it has been argued that the increasing external (and internal) monitoring, quality assurance and evaluation, together with the continued embracement of NPM, has managed to further erode intellectual ideals and push aside the free pursuit of knowledge. The need for external quality assurance has been questioned: Is not continuous self-evaluation intrinsic to the very discovery of knowledge—to the idea of a university as such? (Jarvis 2014)Against this background, the aim of this paper is to investigate the current ideas of a university in Sweden. Overall, the development in higher education in Sweden appears to follow international trends (Segerholm et al. 2014). Swedish higher education has undergone several reforms from 1993 and onwards that have produced governing tensions which reflect moves of simultaneous deregulation/decentralization/self-governing, and re-regulation/centralization including problems of balancing control/accountability and support (Segerholm et al. 2012). In the words of Segerholm et al. (2014: 7), higher education has ‘moved from being an internally managed “ill-defined problem” (evaluated by professionals themselves who needed leeway to define their own practice) to a “well-defined problem” managed and controlled by external (and internal) “expertise” by way of using indicators and standards’. We know what national and local policies say about the role of higher education—the key words—innovation, quality, internationalization, development, competitiveness, etc.—are all familiar. However, the mainstream agenda for universities constructed and maintained in modalities of the knowledge economy have international, as well as national, opponents (Barnett 2011; Gustafsson 2014).This paper then, more specifically, aims to investigate what responsible key actors have to say on this critical issue. Vice chancellors are such key actors in their capacity as representatives for their universities in the Association of Swedish Higher Education (SUHF). What kind of ideas, conceptions and visions do the vice chancellors express concerning the role of the university today?The study is part of the project ‘Governing by Evaluation in Higher Education in Sweden’, which evaluates the recent reform of quality evaluations in higher education and examines the ways in which it may be understood as governing education. By way of interviewing rectors regarding their ideas of the university, we examine and make sense of these tensions in order to understand ideas, systems and practices within the transformed higher education sector with a particular focus on implications that are related to quality assurance and evaluation. MethodIn order to highlight different, and possibly even contradictory, views on what a university and a university college is, all vice chancellors in Sweden were interviewed. A total of 35 vice chancellors answered our questions on this topic: ‘What characterises a university (university college)’? and ‘What makes it a university (university college)’? All of the interviews were conducted by telephone, recorded and fully transcribed. The analyses of the transcribed interviews were done by qualitative ideology analysis (Bergström & Boréus, 2005) that focused the content and significance of the vice-chancellors’ views on what characterises a university/university college and sought to identify similarities and variations. The universities and university colleges were classified into four categories, including old established, relatively new, regional and aesthetic/musical, in order to investigate possible links between the vice chancellors’ views and type of university. The results will be discussed in relation to the historically dominating forms of what a university is and the current debate on what it should be (e.g., Englund et al 2008, Shattock 2014, Rider et al. 2013, Rider, Hasselberg Waluszewski 2013). Expected OutcomesThe preliminary results indicate four themes by which a university can be characterised. The first theme was based on the so-called knowledge economy with its base in assignments from private companies and the public sector. The focus is on utility. The theme was only represented by a few vice chancellors. In the second theme, rectors from universities and university colleges highlighted their educational mission from the long- and short-term perspective to ensure the general and advanced education and competences. The theme was expressed by vice chancellors from a specialised institution and a younger university. In the third theme, several vice chancellors emphasised that the hallmark of a university is independently commissioned to critically examine and investigate in combination with contributions to innovation and, thus, to society. Some of the rectors from the university and university colleges expressed this view. Vice chancellors representing university colleges often related to their regional mission at the same time as they underlined the university’s more academic standalone tasks. University representatives emphasised the importance of its independent role, combined with the benefits universities can contribute regarding economic and social development. Unlike university colleges, they emphasised the importance of being a world-class university that understands, explains, and improves our world. In the last theme, some of the vice chancellors emphasised the universities’ responsibility for conducting independent research and education, a multi-century-old mission. Representatives of this view were found among some of the rectors from the universities and the aesthetic institutions. One of them put it this way: It would be good if the state didn’t put any obstacles in the way of teaching people to think for themselves. In sum, the pluralism of beliefs regarding the ideals of what a university is, which history and the present have created, are also expressed as realities of the contemporary Swedish University vice chancellors.
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| 6. |
- Olofsson, Anders, et al.
(author)
-
The idea of a University in times of quality assurance: the voices of Swedish vice chancellors
- 2015
-
In: ECER 2015, 7-11 September, Hungary: Education and Transition - Contributions from Educational Research, 2015.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The classical debate on the idea of the university goes back to the 19th century, originating in the intellectual and humanistic visions of Cardinal John Henry Newman in England and Wilhelm Von Humboldt in Germany. The history of the modern university, the celebration of triumph of reason over dogma and the notion of academic freedom and self-governance, which is even older, was borne of the 12th century Bologna Charter. During the 20th century, this debate continued and somewhat different idealised models of the university were presented (Wyatt 1990). During the 1960–1970s, intellectuals such as Habermas and Parsons sought to protect principles of the Enlightenment from becoming rigidified in factories of mass-produced technical expertise (Habermas 1987; Parsons & Platt 1973). In the 1990s, similar discussions emerged as new public management and academic capitalism continued to make its entry while turning higher education into what some called the “McUniversity in the postmodern consumer society” (Ritzer 1996).In the wake of more recent transformations of the higher education sector, scholars have returned to this debate (O’Byrne & Bond 2014; Rider, Hasselberg Waluszewski 2013). For example, it has been argued that the increasing external (and internal) monitoring, quality assurance and evaluation, together with the continued embracement of NPM, has managed to further erode intellectual ideals and push aside the free pursuit of knowledge. The need for external quality assurance has been questioned: Is not continuous self-evaluation intrinsic to the very discovery of knowledge—to the idea of a university as such? (Jarvis 2014)Against this background, the aim of this paper is to investigate the current ideas of a university in Sweden. Overall, the development in higher education in Sweden appears to follow international trends (Segerholm et al. 2014). Swedish higher education has undergone several reforms from 1993 and onwards that have produced governing tensions which reflect moves of simultaneous deregulation/decentralization/self-governing, and re-regulation/centralization including problems of balancing control/accountability and support (Segerholm et al. 2012). In the words of Segerholm et al. (2014: 7), higher education has ‘moved from being an internally managed “ill-defined problem” (evaluated by professionals themselves who needed leeway to define their own practice) to a “well-defined problem” managed and controlled by external (and internal) “expertise” by way of using indicators and standards’. We know what national and local policies say about the role of higher education—the key words—innovation, quality, internationalization, development, competitiveness, etc.—are all familiar. However, the mainstream agenda for universities constructed and maintained in modalities of the knowledge economy have international, as well as national, opponents (Barnett 2011; Gustafsson 2014).This paper then, more specifically, aims to investigate what responsible key actors have to say on this critical issue. Vice chancellors are such key actors in their capacity as representatives for their universities in the Association of Swedish Higher Education (SUHF). What kind of ideas, conceptions and visions do the vice chancellors express concerning the role of the university today?The study is part of the project ‘Governing by Evaluation in Higher Education in Sweden’, which evaluates the recent reform of quality evaluations in higher education and examines the ways in which it may be understood as governing education. By way of interviewing rectors regarding their ideas of the university, we examine and make sense of these tensions in order to understand ideas, systems and practices within the transformed higher education sector with a particular focus on implications that are related to quality assurance and evaluation.
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| 7. |
- Olofsson, Per E., et al.
(author)
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A collagen-based microwell migration assay to study NK-target cell interactions
- 2019
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity in tissue is dependent on the ability of NK cells to migrate through the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment. Traditional imaging studies of NK cell migration and cytotoxicity have utilized 2D surfaces, which do not properly reproduce the structural and mechanical cues that shape the migratory response of NK cells in vivo. Here, we have combined a microwell assay that allows long-term imaging and tracking of small, well-defined populations of NK cells with an interstitial ECM-like matrix. The assay allows for long-term imaging of NK-target cell interactions within a confined 3D volume. We found marked differences in motility between individual cells with a small fraction of the cells moving slowly and being confined to a small volume within the matrix, while other cells moved more freely. A majority of NK cells also exhibited transient variation in their motility, alternating between periods of migration arrest and movement. The assay could be used as a complement to in vivo imaging to study human NK cell heterogeneity in migration and cytotoxicity.
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| 8. |
- Sandberg, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Hållbarhetsutvärdering av byggnader : Case Ripan i Kiruna
- 2018
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sustainability includes several parameters, and these can be measured and valued in many different ways. This study focuses on balancing the various parts to achieve sustainability by minimizing energy for heating and energy to produce the materials used in the building as well as minimizing cost for material investment and cost for heating using optimization techniques. This is balanced together with the environmental impact. This report describes an initial study for sustainability optimization of a smaller building. The goal is to develop a comprehensive approach to provide a broader basis of decisions for new construction.The calculation included the building envelope (exterior walls, roof and floors), interior walls and stabilizing elements for different frames of wood (timber frame and CLT).The result from the Ripan Case shows that the timber frame design has the lowest embodied energy and operating energy, and lowest cost for investment and heating during the operating phase. The environmental impact of the timber frame design was also low.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Stolare, Martin, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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The Swedes and their history
- 2017
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In: London Review of Education. - London : Routledge. - 1474-8460 .- 1474-8479. ; 15:2, s. 243-258
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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