| 1. |
- Amer-Wåhlin, Isis, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiotocography only versus cardiotocography plus ST analysis of fetal electrocardiogram for intrapartum fetal monitoring: a Swedish randomised controlled trial
- 2001
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - 1474-547X. ; 358:9281, s. 534-538
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate that analysis of the ST waveform of the fetal electrocardiogram provides information on the fetal response to hypoxia. We did a multicentre randomised controlled trial to test the hypothesis that intrapartum monitoring with cardiotocography combined with automatic ST-waveform analysis results in an improved perinatal outcome compared with cardiotocography alone. METHODS: At three Swedish labour wards, 4966 women with term fetuses in the cephalic presentation entered the trial during labour after a clinical decision had been made to apply a fetal scalp electrode for internal cardiotocography. They were randomly assigned monitoring with cardiotocography plus ST analysis (CTG+ST group) or cardiotocography only (CTG group). The main outcome measure was rate of umbilical-artery metabolic acidosis (pH <7.05 and base deficit >12 mmol/L). Secondary outcomes included operative delivery for fetal distress. Results were first analysed according to intention to treat, and secondly after exclusion of cases with severe malformations or with inadequate monitoring. FINDINGS: The CTG+ST group showed significantly lower rates of umbilical-artery metabolic acidosis than the cardiotocography group (15 of 2159 [0.7%] vs 31 of 2079 [2%], relative risk 0.47 [95% CI 0.25-0.86], p=0.02) and of operative delivery for fetal distress (193 of 2519 [8%] vs 227 of 2447 [9%], 0.83 [0.69-0.99], p=0.047) when all cases were included according to intention to treat. The differences were more pronounced after exclusion of 291 in the CTG+ST group and 283 in the CTG group with malformations or inadequate recording. INTERPRETATION: Intrapartum monitoring with cardiotocography combined with automatic ST-waveform analysis increases the ability of obstetricians to identify fetal hypoxia and to intervene more appropriately, resulting in an improved perinatal outcome.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Only amyloidogenic inermediates of transthyretin induce apoptosis
- 2002
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Carolina Academic Press. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 294:2, s. 309-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In diseases like Alzheimer's disease and familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) amyloid deposits co-localize with areas of neurodegeneration. FAP is associated with mutations of the plasma protein transthyretin (TTR). We can here show an apoptotic effect of amyloidogenic mutants of TTR on a human neuroblastoma cell line. Toxicity could be blocked by catalase indicating a free oxygen radical dependent mechanism. The toxic effect was dependent on the state of aggregation and unexpectedly mature fibrils from FAP-patients who failed to exert an apoptotic response. Morphological studies revealed a correlation between toxicity and the presence of immature amyloid. Thus, we can show that toxicity is associated with early stages of fibril formation and propose that mature full-length fibrils represent an inert end stage, which might serve as a rescue mechanism.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Axelsson, Ulrik, et al.
(författare)
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Strukturerad miljödatahantering inom järn- och stålindustri. Etapp 2; Miljöinformationssystem
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det analysarbete som gjorts har i denna etapp har genomförts i samarbete med samma tre typföretag - Höganäs AB, Sandvik Materials Technology samt Ovako Steel AB - som i etapp 1. De tre företagen hanterar vardera en avsevärda mängd miljödata som idag finns utspridd inom organisationerna och lagras i olika system varför sammanställningar försvåras. Det betyder att den miljödata som mäts och beräknas lagras på ett sätt som innebär en irrationell hantering av den samlade miljöinformationen. Den analys som visar att det inom järn- och stålbranschen går att beskriva verksamhetsprocesser på ett enhetligt sätt och att miljödatan som företagen mäter, beräknar och lagrar överensstämmer i mycket stor grad. Baserat på detta har en branschgemensam miljödatastruktur varit möjlig att ta fram. Denna struktur är framtagen för att kunna lagra miljödata för utsläpp till luft, utsläpp till vatten, energianvändning och avfall. Utifrån den miljödatastruktur som arbetats fram och genom diskussioner med representanter för typföretagen i projektet har en översiktlig systemskiss för ett miljöinformationssystem inom järn- och stålindustrin tagits fram. Detta miljöinformationssystem kan vara generellt inom branschen och svara upp mot gemensamma krav på hantering av miljödata.
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| 5. |
- Cardoso da Silva, Rodrigo, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of ionic surfactants on the aggregation of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers studied by differential scanning and isothermal titration calorimetry
- 2002
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5207 .- 1520-6106. ; 106:6, s. 1239-1246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interaction between three triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide), EOnPOmEOn, and the ionic surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, CTAC, has been studied in dilute aqueous solution using differential scanning calorimetry, DSC, and isothermal titration calorimetry. The length of the PPO block was the same in all three copolymers (68-69 PO units), and the lengths of the PEO groups varied from 5, 20 and 97 EO units. The copolymers are denoted L121, P123, and F127 in order of increasing PEO block size. In dilute aqueous solution P123 and F127 aggregate to form micelles, while the most hydrophobic polymer, L121, forms aggregates which, eventually, separate to give a liquid crystalline phase. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to follow the effect on the copolymer aggregates upon addition of ionic surfactants. Addition of SDS to P123 and L121 increased the temperature for aggregation, but polymer aggregates still formed in 6.2 mmol/L SDS. The effect is different on F 127 where after an initial decrease in the aggregation temperature, the peak in the DSC curve flattens out and disappears at low SDS concentration, as has been observed previously. The addition of CTAC to solutions of the three polymers does not change significantly the aggregation temperature, but the transition peak decreases and eventually disappears in 2-3 mmol/L CTAC. The prominent feature of calorimetric titration curves at 40 degreesC from consecutive additions of surfactant to polymer solution is a well-defined exothermic peak that stems from the disruption of the polymer micelles/aggregates and accompanying hydration of the PPO block. The beginning of the peak indicates the start of binding of the surfactant to the polymer aggregates, and after the end of the peak, the titration curves indicate binding to polymer unimers. At 40 degreesC, about 20 SDS molecules per polymer chain are required to disarrange the P 123 micelles and L121 aggregates, while about 10 suffice to disrupt the F127 micelles. The same amount of CTAC, about 10 molecules per polymer chain, destroys the aggregates of all three polymers.
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| 6. |
- Edebol Eeg-Olofsson, Karin
(författare)
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Dystrophinopathies
- 2003
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Ingår i: Clinical Neurophysiology of Neuromuscular diseases. - : Elsevier Science (USA). - 0444508678 ; , s. 429-441
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Edebol Eeg-Olofsson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Konzo
- 2004
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Ingår i: Clinical Neurophysiology of Motor Neuron Diseaes. - : Elsevier Science (USA). - 0444513590 ; , s. 675-686
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Edebol Eeg-Olofsson, Karin
(författare)
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Neurophysiological aspects on oral motor activity
- 2001
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Ingår i: Practices in Orofacial Therapyedit by Matti Sillanpää. - : Finnish Association for orofacial therapy. ; , s. 1-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Eneqvist, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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The beta-slip: a novel concept in transthyretin amyloidosis.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Mol Cell. - 1097-2765. ; 6:5, s. 1207-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transthyretin is a tetrameric plasma protein associated with two forms of amyloid disease. The structure of the highly amyloidogenic transthyretin triple mutant TTRG53S/E54D/L55S determined at 2.3 A resolution reveals a novel conformation: the beta-slip. A three-residue shift in beta strand D places Leu-58 at the position normally occupied by Leu-55 now mutated to serine. The beta-slip is best defined in two of the four monomers, where it makes new protein-protein interactions to an area normally involved in complex formation with retinol-binding protein. This interaction creates unique packing arrangements, where two protein helices combine to form a double helix in agreement with fiber diffraction and electron microscopy data. Based on these findings, a novel model for transthyretin amyloid formation is presented.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Jansson, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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The interaction between PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymers and ionic surfactants in aqueous solution studied using light scattering and calorimetry
- 2004
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5207 .- 1520-6106. ; 108:1, s. 82-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Properties of nonionic triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) (EOnPOmEOn) in aqueous solution and their interaction with the ionic surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride have been investigated by static and dynamic light scattering, high sensitivity differential scanning, and isothermal titration calorimetry. The studied copolymers (denoted P123 and F127) have the same hydrophobic PPO central block (m = 68), but different length of the endblocks, n = 20 and 97. At 40degreesC, the copolymers are associated into micelles with hydrodynamic radius of 9.8 nm (P123) and 12.5 nm (F127) composed of a hydrophobic PPO core and a water-swollen PEO corona. The different copolymer/surfactant systems have been investigated at a constant copolymer concentration of 1 wt % and with varying surfactant concentration up to about 120 mM. When ionic surfactants are added to the PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymer micellar systems, three concentration regimes are observed in the results from the complementary experimental techniques. At low surfactant concentrations ( < 1-2 mM), single surfactant molecules associate with the copolymer micelle forming a large copolymer-rich complex that becomes increasingly charged. The relaxation time distributions from dynamic light scattering are monomodal and the electrostatic interaction is evidenced in both the static and the dynamic light scattering results. In the intermediate surfactant concentration regime, two types of copolymer-surfactant complexes coexist, one large copolymer-rich complex and one small complex consisting of one or a few copolymer chains and rich in surfactant. This indicates a peel-off mechanism behind the disintegration of the copolymer micelles. The titration calorimetric data present an exothermic signal as the PPO blocks become rehydrated when the copolymer micelles breakup. At high surfactant concentrations, only the small surfactant-rich complexes are present in the systems.
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| 15. |
- Jones, R, et al.
(författare)
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Paediatric electromyography and neurography.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Clinical Neurophysiology of Neuromuscular diseases.. - : Elsevier Science (USA). - 0444508678 ; , s. 389-406
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 16. |
- Kitlinski, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Gestational age-dependent reference values for pH in umbilical cord arterial blood at term
- 2003
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Ingår i: Obstetrics and Gynecology. - 1873-233X. ; 102:2, s. 338-345
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Despite a change of fetal physiologic and biochemical functions with gestational age, stationary umbilical cord acid-base reference values are used as measures of obstetric care quality. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of low Apgar score relative to low pH when using stationary versus gestational age-adjusted reference values. METHODS: Umbilical artery pH was determined in 24,390 term singleton vaginal deliveries with a 5-minute Apgar score of 9 or greater. Low pH was defined as less than 7.10 as a stationary cutoff value, whereas pH less than (mean 2 standard deviations [SDs)) was used when gestational age was considered. The 5-minute Apgar score less than 7 at low pH was studied in 44,978 term deliveries. RESULTS: A significant negative correlation was found between gestational age and umbilical artery pH. ne odds ratio (OR) for pH less than 7.10 was continuously increasing, from 0.6 at 37 weeks to 1.5 at 42 weeks. In contrast, the OR for pH less than (mean - 2 SDs) was steady until 42 weeks, whereafter it increased (OR 1.24; 95% confidence interval 1.05, 1.47). A linear decrease of the association between Agar score less than 7 and pH less than 7.10 with increasing pregnancy duration was found (P =.097), but for pH less than (mean - 2 SDs) there was no such association. CONCLUSION: We found a physiologic linear decline of umbilical artery pH with gestational age at term. Gestational age-adjusted umbilical cord artery pH reference values result in fewer diagnoses of cord acidemia than a stationary cutoff of pH less than 7.10.
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| 17. |
- Kitlinski, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Skewed fetal gender distribution in prolonged pregnancy: a fallacy with consequences
- 2003
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Ingår i: Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. - : Wiley. - 1469-0705 .- 0960-7692. ; 21:3, s. 262-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Skewed gender distribution and falsely assigned gestational age lead to unnecessary or late obstetric intervention in prolonged pregnancy. The aim of this study was to examine the consequences of a fetal gender-dependent systematic 1.5-day dating error at ultrasound fetometry. Material and methods A total of 82484 singleton deliveries greater than or equal to 37 weeks at 11 hospitals in southern Sweden from 1995 to 2000 were included. Frequencies of labor induction and Apgar scores < 7 at 5 min were compared with regard to fetal gender, both before and after correction of gestational age by adding 0.75 days to female-fetus pregnancies and subtracting 0.75 days from male-fetus pregnancies. Results The uncorrected odds ratio for having a male baby at greater than or equal to 42 weeks was 1.41 (95% confidence interval, 1.33-1.49). After adjusting gestational age by +/- 0.75 days, the odds ratio reduced to 0.90 (95% confidence interval, 0.84-0.95). The risk for labor induction was significantly above unity in male-fetus pregnancies delivered after 41 weeks when gestational age was corrected for fetal gender, while the risk for female fetuses having a low Apgar score was not significantly increased compared to male fetuses (P = 0.087). Conclusion Skewed gender distribution in prolonged pregnancy results in a higher rate of labor induction in pregnancies with male fetuses at greater than or equal to 41 weeks, and the risk for newborn females having a low Apgar score in prolonged pregnancy is not significantly increased compared to boys. Copyright (C) 2003 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
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| 18. |
- Larsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Physiological predictors of performance in cross-country skiing from treadmill tests in male and female subjects.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 12:6, s. 347-353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to study which parameter that best corresponds to performance during cross-country skiing, seven male and nine female cross-country skiers were tested with treadmill tests. Parameters measured or computed by metabolic gas measurements were the anaerobic threshold (AT), threshold of decompensated metabolic acidosis (TDMA), the exercise intensity where the Respiratory exchange ratio reaches 1.0 (R = 1) and peak oxygen (O2) uptake (VO2peak). Onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA, 4 mmol.l-1 blood lactate) was also measured. The various parameters were measured in percentage of maximal heart rate, percentage of peak O2 uptake, VO2 ml.kg-1.min-1, VO2 ml.min-1.kg-2/3 and VO2 l.min-1. Results from four large competitions were also collected to rank the subjects. With correlation analysis, it was revealed that in male subjects a high OBLA was associated with good ranking results (r = (-0.829) - (-0.964); P < 0.05-0.001). In female subjects, the best association with competition results was found for R = 1 (r = (-0.715) - (-0.810); P < 0.05). Concerning VO2 measurements, for male subjects the unit l.min-1 is suggested to be used and for female subjects either the units l.min-1, ml.min-1.kg-2/3, or ml.kg-1.min-1 could be used when predicting performance in cross-country skiing. In conclusion, treadmill tests can be used for the prediction of performance in cross-country skiing. Further, various parameters from treadmill tests in men and women are best used as predictors of performance in cross-country skiing.
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| 19. |
- Lindén, Daniel, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonists on the intracellular turnover and secretion of apolipoprotein (Apo) B-100 and ApoB-48.
- 2002
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Ingår i: The Journal of biological chemistry. - 0021-9258. ; 277:25, s. 23044-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha agonist WY 14,643 increased the secretion of apolipoprotein (apo) B-100, but not that of apoB-48, and decreased triglyceride biosynthesis and secretion from primary rat hepatocytes. These effects resulted in decreased secretion of apoB-100-very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and an increased secretion of apoB-100 on low density lipoproteins/intermediate density lipoproteins. ApoB-48-VLDL was also replaced by more dense particles. The proteasomal inhibitor lactacystin did not influence the recovery of apoB-100 or apoB-48 in primary rat hepatocytes, indicating that co-translational (proteasomal) degradation is of less importance in these cells. Treatment with WY 14,643 made the recovery of apoB-100 sensitive to lactacystin, most likely reflecting the decreased biosynthesis of triglycerides. The PPAR alpha agonist induced a significant increase in the accumulation of pulse-labeled apoB-100 even after a short pulse (2-5 min). There was also an increase in apoB-100 nascent polypeptides, indicating that the co-translational degradation of apoB-100 was inhibited. However, a minor influence on an early posttranslation degradation cannot be excluded. This decreased co-translational degradation of apoB-100 explained the increased secretion of the protein. The levels of apoB-48 remained unchanged during these pulse-chase experiments, and albumin production was not affected, indicating a specific effect of PPAR alpha agonists on the co-translational degradation of apoB-100. These findings explain the difference in the rate of secretion of the two apoB proteins seen after PPAR alpha activation. PPAR alpha agonists increased the expression and biosynthesis of liver fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP). Increased expression of LFABP by transfection of McA-RH7777 cells increased the secretion of apoB-100, decreased triglyceride biosynthesis and secretion, and increased PPAR alpha mRNA levels. These findings suggest that PPAR alpha and LFABP could interact to amplify the effect of endogenous PPAR alpha agonists on the assembly of VLDL.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Nagaeva, Olga, et al.
(författare)
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An optimized technique for separation of human decidual leukocytes for cellular and molecular analyses.
- 2002
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Ingår i: American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989). - 1046-7408. ; 47:4, s. 203-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PROBLEM: Human decidua contains a significant number of leukocytes, phenotypically and functionally different from peripheral blood. In vitro studies of decidual leukocytes require constant improvement of cell isolation technique in order to obtain highly purified viable and functionally active cells. METHOD OF STUDY: Optimized isolation procedure of decidual leukocytes, based on non-enzymatic cell dispersion, Percoll gradient centrifugation and purification step involving immunomagnetic beads is compared with a similar procedure with Lymphoprep gradient. RESULTS: The method based on Percoll gradient gave a viable leukocyte fraction with higher amount of alphabetaT- and gammadeltaT cells compared with Lymphoprep gradient. The leukocytes exhibited a well-preserved ultrastructure and surface marker expression and were suitable for molecular analysis. The magnitude and the kinetics of their proliferative response were comparable with peripheral blood lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS: The results provide an optimized method for isolation and enrichment of decidual leukocytes, suitable for phenotypic, ultrastructural, molecular and functional analyses.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Swoboda, K, et al.
(författare)
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Pediatric Electromyography
- 2002
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Ingår i: Neuromuscular disorders of infancy, childhood and adolescence. - : Elsevier Science. ; , s. 35-75
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Wester Rosenlöf, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Carbohydrate groups of alpha1-microglobulin are important for secretion and tissue localization but not for immunological properties
- 2000
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Ingår i: Glycobiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2423 .- 0959-6658. ; 10:9, s. 891-900
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of the carbohydrates for the structure and functions of the plasma and tissue protein alpha1-microglobulin (alpha1m) was investigated by deletion of the sites for N-glycosylation by site-directed mutagenesis (N17,96-->Q). The mutated cDNA was expressed in a baculovirus-insect cell system resulting in a nonglycosylated protein. The biochemical properties of N17,96Q-alpha1m were compared to nonmutated alpha1m, which carries two short non-sialylated N-linked oligosaccharides when expressed in the same system. Both proteins carried a yellow-brown chromophore and were heterogeneous in charge. Circular dichroism spectra and antibody binding indicated a similar overall structure. However, the secretion of N17,96Q-alpha1m was significantly reduced and approximately 75% of the protein were found accumulated intracellularly. The in vitro immunological effects of recombinant nonmutated alpha1m and N17,96Q-alpha1m were compared to the effects of alpha1m isolated from plasma, which is sialylated and carries an additional O-linked oligosaccharide. All three alpha1m variants bound to human peripheral lymphocytes and mouse T cell hybridomas to the same extent. They also inhibited the antigen-stimulated proliferation of peripheral lymphocytes and antigen-stimulated interleukin 2-secretion of T cell hybridomas in a similar manner. After injection of rats intravenously, the blood clearance of recombinant nonmutated and N17,96Q-alpha1m was faster than that of plasma alpha1m. Nonmutated alpha1m was located primarily to the liver, most likely via binding to asialoglycoprotein receptors, and N17,96Q-alpha1m was located mainly to the kidneys. It is concluded that the carbohydrates of alpha1m are important for the secretion and the in vivo turnover of the protein, but not for the structure or immunological properties.
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