| 1. |
- Fallqvist, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Nucleation And Growth Of Cvd α-Al2O3 On TiXOY Template
- 2012
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Ingår i: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 207, s. 254-261
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The microstructure, phase and chemical composition of TixOy templates used to nucleate α-Al2O3 on Ti(C,N) coated cemented carbide have been elucidated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry. Further, the adhesive strength of the α-Al2O3–TixOy–Ti(C,N) interfaces was investigated using scratch adhesion testing.The present study confirmed that the as-deposited template consisted of a Ti4O7 phase which during subsequent deposition of the Al2O3 layer transformed to a Ti3O5 phase and that the grown Al2O3 layer consisted of 100% α-Al2O3. Furthermore, the results showed that the lowest interfacial strength within the multilayer structure was exhibited by the Ti(C,N)–TixOy interface and that the transformation of Ti4O7 to Ti3O5 in the template resulted in formation of pores in the Ti(C,N)-template interface lowering the interfacial strength even more. The use of surface analysis techniques such as Auger electron spectroscopy and especially Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry enabled trace element analyses using depth profiling to characterise the thin interfacial layers in detail.
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| 2. |
- Backlund, Sandra, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
-
Energy efficiency potentials and energy management practices in Swedish firms
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In order to improve energy efficiency and reach the EU:s 20-20-20 primary energy saving target, focus has mainly been on diffusion of technology. Previous studies have illustrated large untapped energy saving potentials from implementing energy management practices in firms. Energy management practices have large effects on energy utilization and also a short pay-back time. According to these studies, energy management practices also effect investment decisions and the outcome of investments in energy efficient technologies. This paper investigates to what extent energy management practices influence firms estimation of energy efficiency potentials. Further it investigates two Swedish policy programs that promote industrial energy management practices: The Programme For improving Energy efficiency in energy-intensive industry (PFE) and the energy audit program and whether these have increased energy management practices in Swedish firms. A multiple case study has been conducted in order to investigate energy practices in firms in different industrial sectors. Employment of energy management varies between firms. The firms estimate equal energy efficiency potentials from implementation of energy efficient technology as for energy management practices. In total the firms estimate energy efficiency potentials of 12 %. The study shows that firms that have participated in the programs work more actively with energy management. This can be illustrated by the fact that 75 % of the firms that have not participated in any of the programs lack a person responsible for energy management and 50 % also lack a long term energy strategy. For firms that have participated in the programs the corresponding figures are 30 % and 33 %. The results indicate an untapped potential of energy efficiency measures that could be reached through increased energy management in Swedish industries.
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| 3. |
- Backlund, Sandra, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Extending the Energy efficiency gap
- 2012
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Ingår i: Energy Policy. - : Elsevier. - 0301-4215 .- 1873-6777. ; 51, s. 392-396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to reach the EU: s 20–20–20 primary energy savings target, energy efficiency needs to increase. Previous research on energy use and energy efficiency has focused mainly on the diffusion of energy efficient technologies. The discrepancy between optimal and actual implementation of energy efficient technologies has been illustrated in numerous articles and is often referred to as the energy efficiency gap. However, efficient technologies are not the only ways to increase energy efficiency. Empirical studies have found that a cost-effective way to improve energy efficiency is to combine investments in energy-efficient technologies with continuous energy management practices. By including energy management into an estimated energy efficiency potential this paper introduces an extended energy efficiency gap, mainly in manufacturing industries and the commercial sector. The inclusion of energy management components in future energy policy will play an important role if the energy savings targets for 2020, and later 2050, are to be met in the EU.
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| 4. |
- Boman, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Corrosion of copper in water free from molecular oxygen
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology. - 1478-422X .- 1743-2782. ; 49:6, s. 431-434
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The possibility of copper reacting with O-2-free water has been investigated by analysis of primary corrosion products, as well as by monitoring gas pressure change by time, in long term experiments for up to 6 months in a glove box environment. We establish hydrogen production, but being of the same magnitude irrespective whether copper is present or not. Although low, the hydrogen production rate is considerably larger than what would directly correspond to the amount of analysed copper oxidation products. Our analyses encompass the changes to the surface cleaned copper (99.9999%), the water phase and the Duran glass in contact with the water (ppt quality). We have used very sensitive methods (XPS, AES, ICP-MS, XRF) while keeping contamination risks to a minimum. We conclude that the oxidation rate of copper is very low, yielding only parts of a monolayer of Cu2O after 6 months of exposure at 50 degrees C together with an accompanying very low concentration of copper species (4-5 mu g L-1) in the water phase.
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| 5. |
- Fagerberg, Linn, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of the human tissue-specific expression by genome-wide integration of transcriptomics and antibody-based proteomics
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 13:2, s. 397-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global classification of the human proteins with regards to spatial expression patterns across organs and tissues is important for studies of human biology and disease. Here, we used a quantitative transcriptomics analysis (RNA-Seq) to classify the tissue-specific expression of genes across a representative set of all major human organs and tissues and combined this analysis with antibody- based profiling of the same tissues. To present the data, we launch a new version of the Human Protein Atlas that integrates RNA and protein expression data corresponding to 80% of the human protein-coding genes with access to the primary data for both the RNA and the protein analysis on an individual gene level. We present a classification of all human protein-coding genes with regards to tissue-specificity and spatial expression pattern. The integrative human expression map can be used as a starting point to explore the molecular constituents of the human body.
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| 6. |
- Fallberg, Anna, 1980-
(författare)
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Chemical Vapour Deposition of Undoped and Oxygen Doped Copper (I) Nitride
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In science and technology there is a steadily increased demand of new materials and new materials production processes since they create new application areas as well as improved production technology and economy. This thesis includes development and studies of a chemical vapour deposition (CVD) process for growth of thin films of the metastable material copper nitride, Cu3N, which is a semiconductor and decomposes at around 300 oC. The combination of these properties opens for a variety of applications ranging from solar cells to sensor and information technology. The CVD process developed is based on a metal-organic compound copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate, Cu(hfac)2 , ammonia and water and was working at about 300 oC and 5 Torr. It was found that a small amount of water in the vapour increased the growth rate considerably and that the phase content, film texture, chemical composition and morphology were strongly dependent on the deposition conditions. In-situ oxygen doping during the CVD of Cu3N to an amount of 9 atomic % could also be accomplished by increasing the water concentration in the vapour. Oxygen doping increases the band gap of the material as well as the electrical resistivity and changes the stability. The crystal structure of Cu3N is very open and contains several sites which can be used for doping. Different spectroscopic techniques like X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy were used to identify the oxygen doping site(s) in Cu3N. Besides the properties, the oxygen doping also affected the morphology and texture of the films. By combining thin layers of different materials several properties can be optimized at the same time. It has been demonstrated in this thesis that multilayers, composed of alternating Cu3N and Cu2O layers, i.e. a metastable and a stable material, could be grown by CVD technique. However, the stacking sequence affected the texture, morphology and chemical composition. The interfaces between the different layers were sharp and no signs of decomposition of the initially deposited metastable Cu3N layer could be detected.
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| 7. |
- Fallberg, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Phase stability and oxygen doping in the Cu-N-O system
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Crystal Growth. - North Holland : Elsevier. - 0022-0248 .- 1873-5002. ; 312:10, s. 1779-1784
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A growth stability diagram for the system Cu-N-O has been determined in the temperature range 250-500°C for a thermally activated CVD process, based on copper (II) hexafluoroacetylacetonate (Cu(hfac)2), NH3 and H2O. Without any addition of water only Cu3N was obtained. Addition of water introduces oxygen into the Cu3N structure to a maximum amount of 9 atomic % at a water/nitrogen molar ratio of 0.36 at 325 °C. Above this molar ratio Cu2O starts to deposit in addition to an oxygen doped Cu3N phase. Only Cu2O is deposited at a large excess of water. XPS and Raman spectroscopy indicated that the additional oxygen in the doped Cu3N structure occupies an interstitial position with a chemical environment similar to oxygen in Cu2O. The oxygen doping of the Cu3N phase did not influence the lattice parameter which was close to the bulk parameter of 3.814 Å. The film morphology varied markedly with both deposition temperature and water concentration in the vapour during deposition. Increasing the water concentration results in less faceted and textured films with smoother and more sphere like grains. The resistivity of the Cu3N films increased with increased oxygen content of the film and varied between 10-100 Ωcm (0 to 9 atomic% O). The optical band gap increased from 1.25 to 1.45 eV as the oxygen content increased (0 to 9 atomic %).
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| 8. |
- Frankelius, Per, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Green Service Innovation : The role of resource integration and service provision
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2014 AMA SERVSIG International Service Research Conference. - 9789609874090
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: The importance of green services is increasing. The purpose of the research project is to develop a better understanding of the concept “green services” and its relationship to “service innovation”. The research questions are: What factors can define the green services concept? What are the distinctive characteristics of different types of green services? Methodology: A multiple case study approach is used. The cases represent companies having introduced green service innovations. Based on interviews with the innovators and customers different categories of green services are indentified and described. The empirical findings are then analyzed in the light of a literature review. Findings: By combining empirical observations and theory the authors develop a framework for green service innovations. This framework describes how innovation can be attained through emphasizing changes in resource integration (reuse waste, reduce impact on nature and improve nature) and service provision (direct service or indirect service). In this frame six categories of green services are defined: redistribution of resources, changing customer behavior, improving conditions for nature, upcycling, replacement of technology and products to improve nature.Originality/value: The majority of existing research on green service has had focus on the service companies and the change of technology in providing services. The authors here rather emphasize the customer roles, and stresses that these roles need to change to fulfill green service innovation. Moreover, the perspective here is that green services have the ability to not only mitigate negative impact on the environment but also increase the quality of nature. The term “greenovation” is proposed to emphase this.
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| 9. |
- Guyader, Hugo, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Closing the green gap : understanding why green consumers choose brown products
- 2014
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Ingår i: NRWC 2014 The 4th Nordic Retail and Whole Sale Conference, November 5th to 6th of November, 2014. - : Nordic Retail and Wholesale Association. ; , s. 1-4
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study investigates the impact of in-store marketing and packaging elements on green shopping behavior, aiming to further understand the attitude-behavior Green Gap. The results of first, a choice experiment with 127 respondents and second an eye-tracking experiment with 67 respondents show implications for the retail industry.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Ivanov, Sergey A., et al.
(författare)
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Temperature evolution of structural and magnetic properties of stoichiometric LiCu2O2 : Correlation of thermal expansion coefficient and magnetic order
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Solid State Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 1293-2558 .- 1873-3085. ; 34, s. 97-101
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Temperature-dependent crystallographic and magnetic studies on stoichiometric single crystals of LiCu2O2 are reported. The temperature dependence of the lattice parameters was extracted from X-ray powder diffractograms collected on crushed single crystals, from 12 K to 295 K. The magnetic properties are similar to earlier findings demonstrating antiferromagnetic ordering below 25 K. Evidence of magnetoelastic coupling is observed in the thermal expansion along the c-direction; not only at the low temperature antiferromagnetic transitions, but an anomalous behavior of the thermal expansion indicate magnetoelastic coupling also to the magnetic ordering related to a weak spontaneous magnetic moment appearing at 150 K. Ac-susceptibility measurements at different frequencies and superposed dc-fields are employed to further characterize this magnetic anomaly.
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| 13. |
- Lagerqvist, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and characterization of cobalt oxide and composite thin films
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Advances in Materials. - : Science Publishing Group. - 2327-2503. ; 3:5, s. 52-57
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cobalt oxide and composite thin films were synthesized by spin-coating technique, followed by heating to 500°C in oxidizing, inert, or reducing atmospheres. Methanolic solutions of triethanolamine complexes of cobalt acetates and nitrates were spin-coated at 1000, 2000, and 3000 rpm. The influence of heating parameters and film thickness on the phase content of the films were investigated, using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, X-ray reflectivity, and scanning electron microscopy. By tuning the synthesis parameters, Co3O4, CoO and Co films were obtained, as well as CoO-Co and Co3O4-CoO composite films of varying phase ratios.
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| 14. |
- Lindahl, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Gas-Pulsed CVD for Film Growth in the Cu-Ni-N System
- 2012
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Ingår i: Chemical Vapor Deposition. - : Wiley. - 0948-1907 .- 1521-3862. ; 18:1-3, s. 10-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new ternary solid solution, Cu3-xNix+yN, is prepared by gas-pulsed CVD at 260 degrees C. Gas pulses of the precursor mixtures Cu(hfac)2+NH3 and Ni(thd)2+NH3, separated by intermittent ammonia pulses, are employed for the deposition of Cu3N and Ni3N, respectively. A few monolayers of the nitrides are grown in each CVD pulse and then mixed by diffusion to produce the solid solution. The metal content of the solid solution can be varied continuously from 100% to about 20% Cu, which means that the electrical properties can be varied from 1.6eV (band gap of Cu3N) to metallic (Ni3N). This is of interest for various applications, e.g., solar energy, catalysis, and microelectronics.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Lindahl, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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In situ study of nickel formation during decomposition of chemical vapor deposition Ni3N films
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. A. Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films. - : American Vacuum Society. - 0734-2101 .- 1520-8559. ; 28:5, s. 1203-1209
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The thermal decomposition of Ni3N thin films, deposited by chemical vapor deposition on SrTiO3 (001) and Si (100) substrates, has been studied by in situ x-ray diffraction, as well as temperature-programed controlled gas emission in both inert and hydrogen atmospheres. The decomposition at inert atmosphere conditions starts at the film/substrate interface, which results in a high degree of ordering in the formed nickel film. In the H-2 atmosphere, the initial film ordering is less pronounced and the decomposition occurs from the film surface and downward. This means that by choosing the annealing atmosphere, inert or hydrogen, the formation of the Ni film can be localized to either the original nitride/substrate interface or to the surface of the nitride. The annealed films show a cube-on-cube growth with respect to the SrTiO3 (001) substrate. The film morphology after the annealing experiments resembles the one of the as-deposited films. The lowest resistivity value is measured for the films annealed in the H-2 atmosphere. (C) 2010 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3478298]
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| 17. |
- Nehler, Therese, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Including non-energy benefits in investment calculations in industry - empirical findings from Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: ECEEE Industrial Summer Study, 2014. - 9789198048247 - 9789198048254 ; , s. 711-719
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The threat of increased global warming accentuates the need for reducing anthropogenic emissions of GHG (Green House Gases). Improved energy efficiency in industry represents one of the most important means of reducing this threat. Furthermore, improved energy efficiency and cutting energy costs may be key factors for individual enterprises’ long term survival and success because of increased environmental legislation and rise of energy prices. Despite the fact that extensive potentials for improved energy efficiency exists in industry, a large part remains unexploited explained by the existence of various barriers to energy efficiency. The research on barriers is well-developed and regards the non-investment of cost-effective technical measures that improve energy efficiency. In these studies, the actual investment decision is the analysing variable. However, if one extends the system boundary, there are indications that not only the actual reduction of energy cost but also other potential benefits should be taken into account in energy-efficiency investments. Including such factors, named non-energy benefits (NEBs), in the investment calculation mean the investment may have a considerably shorter pay-back period. The aim of this paper is to study if NEBs are considered and measured in energy-efficiency related investments in Swedish industry, and to study factors inhibiting the inclusion of NEBs in investment calculations. Results of this study indicate that NEBs seems to exist in the Swedish industrial companies participating in this study, but only few of the mentioned NEBs were included in investment calculations, explained by among other factors, the hidden cost of monetizing the NEB.
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| 18. |
- Ottosson, Lars-Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Sulfate assimilation mediates tellurite reduction and toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2010
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Ingår i: Eukaryotic Cell. - 1535-9778 .- 1535-9786. ; 9:10, s. 1635-1647
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite a century of research and increasing environmental and human health concerns, the mechanistic basis of the toxicity of derivatives of the metalloid tellurium, Te, in particular the oxyanion tellurite, Te(IV), remains unsolved. Here, we provide an unbiased view of the mechanisms of tellurium metabolism in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by measuring deviations in Te-related traits of a complete collection of gene knockout mutants. Reduction of Te(IV) and intracellular accumulation as metallic tellurium strongly correlated with loss of cellular fitness, suggesting that Te(IV) reduction and toxicity are causally linked. The sulfate assimilation pathway upstream of Met17, in particular, the sulfite reductase and its cofactor siroheme, was shown to be central to tellurite toxicity and its reduction to elemental tellurium. Gene knockout mutants with altered Te(IV) tolerance also showed a similar deviation in tolerance to both selenite and, interestingly, selenomethionine, suggesting that the toxicity of these agents stems from a common mechanism. We also show that Te(IV) reduction and toxicity in yeast is partially mediated via a mitochondrial respiratory mechanism that does not encompass the generation of substantial oxidative stress. The results reported here represent a robust base from which to attack the mechanistic details of Te(IV) toxicity and reduction in a eukaryotic organism.
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| 19. |
- Ottosson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Arbetsrehabilitering och myndighetssamverkan : Utvärdering av Samordningsförbundet i Svedala
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ett i den politiska debatten centralt område är arbetsrehabilitering. Inom detta område går det att se en ökad politisk aktivitet som många gånger mynnar ut i begreppet ”samverkan”. Ropet på samverkan beror möjligen på att det blir allt svårare för enskilda myndigheter att såväl överblicka som hantera sitt verksamhetsfält i takt med att omvärlden ter sig allt mer komplex. Föreliggande rapport bygger på en utvärdering av Samordningsförbundet i Svedala utförd av Mikael Ottosson och Niklas Sandell. Mikael Ottosson är historiker och verksam på Centrum för tillämpad arbetslivsforskning (CTA) vid Malmö högskola och Niklas Sandell är företagsekonom och verksam på Rådet för KommunalEkonomisk Forskning och Utbildning (KEFU) vid Lunds universitet. Utvärderingens primära syfte är att belysa Samordningsförbundet i Svedala som det såg ut vid slutet av 2009. Utvärderingen fokuserar fyra områden: syfte och mål, organisation, innehåll och effektivitet.
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| 20. |
- Ottosson, Mikael, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Configuring the 'industrial collective': : A controversy on the use of Swedish forests, 1989–2009
- 2011
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 27th EGOS Colloquium Gothenburg 2011. ; , s. 1-31
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce a theoretical vocabulary highlighting a neglected area in industrial change theory, the outsider role. Industries cannot be fully examined without considering the influence of concerned groups, i.e. actors concerned with the industrial activity. Our empirical focus is a mature, stable, and highly homogeneous industrial sector, namely, the Swedish forest industry. We identify, analyse, and discuss the development and configuration of various truth claims and standpoints regarding the characteristics and potential uses of Sweden’s forest resources, 1989–2009. We follow the translation of the forest industry from producing solely pulp and paper products to producing electricity, heat, and bio-fuels. We argue that, without the pressure of concerned groups and ‘industrialists in the wild’ on the industry, forest industrial activity would never have been reconfigured.
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| 21. |
- Ottosson, Mikael, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Multiplicity justifies corporate strategy : The case of Stora Enso, 1990-2008
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Cultural Economy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1753-0350 .- 1753-0369. ; 4:4, s. 455-475
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study conducts an analysis of the relationship between strategic theory, industry- or marketwide practices, valuation metrics, and justification rhetoric in performing strategic practice. Indoing this, we refer to Michel Callon on the performativity of economics and Boltanski andThe´venot on the justification of strategic action. The paper introduces an analytical framework forstudying the corporate strategy pragmatics of a forest industry company Stora Enso over the19902008 period. The authors argue that Stora Enso’s corporate strategy is justified by andrepresents the outcome of multiple performances that coexist and interact with each other. Thesemultiple performances, ranging from general strategic management conceptual theories toindustry-wide practices and valuation metrics, may lead to conflict when creating successfulbusinesses.
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| 22. |
- Ottosson, Mikael
(författare)
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Opposition and adjustment to industrial ‘greening’ : the Swedish forest industry’s (re)actions regarding energy transition – 1989-2009
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis analyses how the Swedish forest industry has (re)acted regarding the energy transition and, in particular, regarding the reconstruction of the electricity and forest resources in Sweden during the 1989–2009 period. The thesis consists of four papers that analyse how the Swedish forest industry by means of energy management practices at individual pulp and/or paper mills, in corporate strategies performed by CEOs and boards of directors, and via its industry association, has dealt with mounting political and public demands for the industry to become ‘greener’. At the heart of the thesis are issues related to the industry’s substantial use and management of electricity and forest resources.This thesis focuses on the patterns of conflict and reconstruction that various forest industry representatives (e.g., CEOs) and entities (e.g., mills and resources) have experienced in relation to opposing and/or adjusting to the energy transition. The Swedish forest industry constitutes an illuminating case in a wider research context of how an industry (re)acts regarding increasing environmental and energy-related demands concerning its strategic resources. By using multidisciplinary theoretical concepts when analysing industrial change, this thesis demonstrates the industry’s wider embeddedness in science, policy, and material resources.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Ottosson, Mikael, 1980-
(författare)
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Skogsindustrin och energiomställningen
- 2011
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Svensk skogsindustri är världens näst största exportör av papper, massa och sågade trävaror, och samtidigt Sveriges största enskilda användare av el. Branschen var länge skeptisk till förnyelsebar energi och storskalig biobränsleproduktion. Idag står dock biobränsle och torv för en femtedel av den totala energimängd som tillförs Sverige, och skogsindustrin har blivit en betydande biobränsleproducent. I den här skriften beskrivs den omvälvande energiomställning som skogsbranschen har genomgått under de senaste tjugo åren. Mikael Ottosson lyfter fram den centrala roll som aktörer utanför branschen har spelat i omvandlingen. Forskare, miljöorganisationer, politiker och andra experter har, med hjälp av vetenskapliga belägg och affärsmässiga kalkyler, vunnit inflytande och direkt påverkat industrin. Han kallar denna process för industrialism i det vilda och menar att den har varit avgörande för att få till stånd en förändring i en så mogen och homogen bransch som skogsindustrin.
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| 26. |
- Ottosson, Mikael, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Socio-technical regimes and heterogeneous capabilities : the Swedish pulp and paper industry's response to energy policies
- 2013
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Ingår i: Technology Analysis & Strategic Management. - London : Routledge. - 0953-7325 .- 1465-3990. ; 25:4, s. 355-368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on a study of policy-induced changes in the Swedish pulp and paper industry, this paper follows a process of socio-technical regime destabilisation. Results from the study show that in industries where established firms have significant power, processes of endogenous renewal are more likely to destabilise established regimes than processes based on niche solutions. Further, the study shows how policy measures aimed to destabilise the current regime may result in different responses, owing to the different capabilities of individual firms. The analysis suggests that heterogeneous capabilities within established industries provide possibilities for policy makers to initiate change.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Ottosson, Mikael, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Är begreppet hållbar marknadsföring hållbart?
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Paper till FEKIS-konferensen ”Företagsekonomi för en hållbar värld”, Ekonomihögskolan, Lunds universitet, 23–24 oktober 2013. Session: ”Hållbar marknadsföring och konsumtion”. ; , s. 1-6
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Parment, Anders, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Marknadsföring och distribution : strategiska vägval avseende marknadskanaler
- 2013. - 1
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bilden i såväl marknadsföringslitteratur som bland många beslutsfattare är att distributionsbeslut primärt handlar om att styra ett flöde av varor och tjänster på ett mer kostnadseffektivt sätt än konkurrenterna.I denna bok är utgångspunkten istället att distribution har blivit så integrerat i erbjudandet att det är svårt att isolera från produkten och varumärket. Företag som känner till detta samband arbetar inte slentrianmässigt med sin distribution utan förstår dess strategiska betydelse för framgång i en alltmer konkurrensintensiv och mättad marknad där konsumenter är krävande, emotionellt styrda och generellt trötta på företags marknadskommunikation.Genom studier av svenska och internationella företag och varumärken som Stiga, Fenix Outdoor, Svenssons i Lammhult, Nike, Samsung och Starbucks exemplifieras och fördjupas förståelsen för distributionens betydelse.Boken lämpar sig som komplement till introduktionsboken i grundläggande marknadsföringskurser vid universitet och högskolor samt som fördjupningslitteratur. Den vänder sig också till yrkesverksamma som arbetar med eller kommer i kontakt med marknadsföring och distribution.
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| 32. |
- Persson, Sofia, 1984-
(författare)
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Collaborative development of resource efficient district heating in Sweden
- 2013
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An increased recovery of excess heat from industrial processes and thermal power generation could significantly reduce energy demands. Industrial excess heat-based district heating systems are generally considered resource efficient because they reduce the use of fossil fuels and the emissions of greenhouse gases. In addition, collaborating actors can gain financial benefits.In Sweden, although collaboration around heat supply has increased recently, the amount of excess heat that is utilized is low compared to the amount created by industrial processes. Using excess-heat recovery in district heating grids is currently one of the most cost-effective ways of providing additional heat to district heating systems.Expansion and new construction of district heating systems in new residential areas can be seen as an opportunity to further use industrial excess heat. Sweden’s local authorities can influence the development of energy systems used for new residential developments. Increased knowledge about how collaborations evolve could be used to develop strategies that could encourage the development of excess heat-based systems for district heating.This licentiate thesis examines the role of organisational collaboration when it comes to the emergence of resource efficient district heating. The thesis summarises results from three articles and investigates the preconditions for, drivers behind, and barriers to the development of excess heat-based systems for district heating in Sweden. These investigations focus on both the district heating companies’ and industries’ points of view. The thesis also discusses how Swedish spatial planning practice could improve the conditions for resource efficient district heating.Important preconditions for excess-heat collaborations to develop, from the actors’ points of view, are mainly financial. However, relationships based on trust, honesty, shared goals, information transfer, and joint problem solving are also necessary for such collaborations to evolve and develop into long-term successful excess-heat collaborations. These features are also important when it comes to the decision-making process, because knowledge gained through the participation of stakeholders is required to understand common goals and objectives and to put these into practice.As for the development of new excess heat-based district heating systems, results show that the district heating companies generally participate late in the spatial planning process. An earlier dialogue between local authority planners and district heating companies could facilitate the emergence and development of new excess heat-based district heating systems. Furthermore, to facilitate the use of excess heat-based systems, planning should also take into account any nearby industry that produces excess heat. In addition, investment subsidies could encourage the development of excess heat-based systems for district heating and provide long-term environmental benefits for collaborating actors as well as for society at large.
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| 33. |
- Rosental, Arnold, et al.
(författare)
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Epitaxial Single and Double Nanolayers of SnO2 and TiO2 for Resistive Gas Sensors
- 2013
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Ingår i: IEEE Sensors Journal. - 1530-437X .- 1558-1748. ; 13:5, s. 1648-1655
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rutile TiO2 (1 0 1) and cassiterite SnO2 (1 0 1) epitaxial single and double nanolayers, the latter stacked in either sequence, are atomic layer deposited on r-cut alpha-Al2O3(0 1 (1) over bar 2) substrates. Thickness of the layers is varied. Epitaxial quality of the films is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), reflection high-energy electron diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. In gas response measurements, as-grown films and the films coated with electron-beam evaporated Pt nanoclusters are exposed, at 350 degrees C, to H-2, CO, and CH4 diluted in air. In response to test gas concentrations of 30 parts per million (ppm), the films with a thickness of order of 10 nm exhibit, depending on the makeup and gas, as high as two- to five-fold decrease in the resistance. It is shown that the platinum surface catalyst is effective in accelerating the response and recovery processes. The transition times of the order of a few tens of seconds are observed. The results demonstrate the feasibility of gas sensing with single-crystal-like nanolayer films. Comparison of sensor characteristics of such quasi-2D nanostructures and the literature data relevant to individual nanowires, nanorods, and nanobelts, i.e., typical representatives of the quasi-1D structures, shows that, as to H-2, CO, and CH4, both structures are worthy competitors.
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| 34. |
- Seifi, Nima, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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An Efficient Signaling for Multi-mode Transmission in Multi-user MIMO
- 2010
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Ingår i: ICASSP, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing - Proceedings. - 1520-6149. - 9781424442966 ; , s. 3402-3405
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper the downlink of a multi-user MIMO (MUMIMO)system with multi-mode transmission is considered.We propose a low-complexity algorithm for selecting usersand the corresponding number of data streams to each user,denoted as user transmission mode (UTM). The selectionis only based on the average received signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) from the base station (BS) for each user. This reducesthe overall amount of feedback for scheduling, as opposedto techniques that assume perfect instantaneous channelstate information (CSI) from all users. Analytical averagethroughput approximations are derived for each user at different UTMs. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm provides performance close to dirty paper coding (DPC) with considerably reduced feedback.
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| 35. |
- Tende, Talatu, et al.
(författare)
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Individual Identification and Genetic Variation of Lions (Panthera leo) from Two Protected Areas in Nigeria.
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This survey was conducted in two protected areas in Nigeria to genetically identify individual lions and to determine the genetic variation within and between the populations. We used faecal sample DNA, a non-invasive alternative to the risky and laborious task of taking samples directly from the animals, often preceded by catching and immobilization. Data collection in Yankari Game Reserve (YGR) spanned through a period of five years (2008 -2012), whereas data in Kainji Lake National Park (KLNP) was gathered for a period of three years (2009, 2010 and 2012). We identified a minimum of eight individuals (2 males, 3 females, 3 unknown) from YGR and a minimum of ten individuals (7 males, 3 females) from KLNP. The two populations were found to be genetically distinct as shown by the relatively high fixation index (FST = 0.17) with each population exhibiting signs of inbreeding (YGR FIS = 0.49, KLNP FIS = 0.38). The genetic differentiation between the Yankari and Kainji lions is assumed to result from large spatial geographic distance and physical barriers reducing gene flow between these two remaining wild lion populations in Nigeria. To mitigate the probable inbreeding depression in the lion populations within Nigeria it might be important to transfer lions between parks or reserves or to reintroduce lions from the zoos back to the wild.
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| 36. |
- Tende, Talatu, et al.
(författare)
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Population size of lions in Yankari Game Reserve as revealed by faecal DNA sampling
- 2010
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Ingår i: African Journal of Ecology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2028 .- 0141-6707. ; 48:4, s. 949-952
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies have shown that lion (Panthera leo) populations in West Africa are small, isolated and fragmented. In Nigeria, lions have disappeared from unprotected areas and are nowadays found only in parks and reserves where these populations may still decline. It is therefore urgent to obtain reliable estimates of population sizes at different localities. Direct observational surveys may either fail to count all individuals or count some individuals repeatedly and are therefore associated with unknown levels of estimation errors. More accurate estimates can be obtained if direct counting is combined with DNA-based individual identification. As lions are difficult to identify individually, presented here is a method that can be a valuable addition to the existing census methods.Resume Des etudes ont montre que les populations de lions Panthera leo d'Afrique de l'Ouest sont petites, isolees et fragmentees. Au Nigeria, les lions ont disparu des zones non protegees et ne se trouvent plus aujourd'hui que dans des parcs et des reserves ou leurs populations peuvent d'ailleurs encore decliner. Il est donc urgent d'avoir des estimations fiables de la taille des populations en differents endroits. Les etudes par observations directes risquent de ne pas reussir a compter tous les individus ou, a l'oppose, d'en compter certains plusieurs fois, et on les associe des lors de niveaux d'erreur d'estimation inconnus. On peut obtenir des estimations plus precises si les comptages directs sont combines avec des identifications individuelles basees sur des analyses d'ADN. Comme les lions sont difficiles a identifier individuellement, voici presentee ici une methode qui peut etre un ajout interessant aux methodes de recensement existantes.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Thollander, Patrik, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Drivkrafter för industrins energianvändning - En litteraturstudie
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport syftar till att ge en överblick av kunskapsläget beträffande vilka faktorersom påverkar industrins energianvändning. Syftet kan delas upp i fyra temaområden:Energipriser och råvaror, Ekonomisk utveckling, Skatter och styrmedel,samt Energieffektivisering. Inom ramen för dessa fyra teman omfattar studien fyraunderkategorier: industrin generellt inklusive internationell forskning inom fältet,svensk industri, järn- och stålindustrin generellt inklusive internationell forskninginom fältet, samt svensk järn- och stålindustri.Den huvudsakliga metoden för uppdragets genomförande har varit en litteraturstudie,där vetenskapliga artiklar i internationella tidsskrifter granskats. För att säkrahög vetenskaplig kvalité har endast ISI-rankade vetenskapliga artiklar valts ut förläsning. Totalt omfattas studien av cirka 240 vetenskapliga artiklar mellan åren 2000till 2012. Initialt granskades artiklarna utifrån titel, och nyckelord, och typ av tidsskrift,för att avgränsa icke relevanta artiklar. Därefter valdes cirka 100 artiklar utför en djupare granskning av primärt artiklarnas sammanfattningar. Totalt valdesutifrån detta cirka 50 artiklar ut för genomläsning och kritisk granskning. Av dessaansågs 30 vara av så stor relevans att de beskrivs mer utförligt i underliggande rapport,se tabell 1. Notera att en artikel kan återfinnas under flera kategorier.I kapitel 8 presenteras en sammanfattning av de studerande artiklarna. Beträffandefaktorer som påverkar svensk järn- och stålindustris energianvändning kan noterasatt inga träffar erhölls enligt studiens sökkriterier och endast två artiklar återfannsbland internationell järn- och stålindustri. Detta accentuerar vikten av framtidaforskning inom området.
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| 39. |
- Thollander, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Energy management practices in Swedish energy-intensive industries
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 18:12, s. 1125-1133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies point out a large (untapped) potential for energy efficiency in industry through the adoption of energy management practices. The aim of this paper is to describe and analyze energy management practices in two different Swedish energy-intensive industries: the pulp and paper industry and the foundry industry. The results show that one third of the studied mills and about two fifths of the studied foundries do not allocate energy costs by means of sub-metering, which probably contributes to reinforce the split incentive problem. Moreover, about one fifth of the mills and about half of the foundries lack a long-term energy strategy. The results also show that only about 40% and 25% respectively of the studied mills and foundries may be categorized as successful when it comes to energy management practices. If energy management is not fully prioritized even in energy-intensive industries - such as the studied foundry and pulp- and paper industry it will, in all probability, not be prioritized in less energy-intensive industrial sectors or countries either, indicating a large untapped potential in regard to cleaner, more environmentally sound, production in the industrial sector.
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| 40. |
- Thollander, Patrik, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Energy related outsourcing : - The case of ESCOs in the Swedish pulp and paper industry
- 2011
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Ingår i: First International Technology Management Conference. - : IEEE. - 9781612849515 ; , s. 329-337
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Industrial energy efficiency is stated as a major means of reducing the threat of increased global warming, caused by human use of fossil fuels. Energy service companies (ESCOs) have been expected to play an important role in promoting energy efficiency in different sectors of the economy, including industry. Energy related outsourcing in the complex energy intensive pulp and paper industry, with a continuous production process, represents one of the more challenging types of industrial outsourcing. This paper studies the role of ESCOs as a method to promote energy efficiency in the Swedish pulp and paper industry. A questionnaire was used, complemented by in-depth interviews with mill executives in order to gain more knowledge of the issue. The main conclusion from this paper is that the utilization of ESCOs in the pulp and paper industry is higher in activities with a lower level of energy integration in the production process, and on the contrary, the utilization of ESCOs is lower with a higher level of energy integration in the production process. Since the PPI is a mature industry with a globally well-known and well-spread technique, results from this paper, may plausibly be generalized for PPIs in other countries as well.
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| 41. |
- Wikberg, J Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Annealing effects on structural and magnetic properties of Co implanted ZnO single crystals
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 109:8, s. 083918-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single crystals of ZnO were implanted with 100 keV-Co ions at room temperature with a fluence of 4.8 x 10(16) cm(-2) and subsequently annealed at different temperatures up to 800 degrees C. The samples were analyzed by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, secondary ion mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and magnetometry. The as-implanted Co:ZnO crystal shows a homogeneous distribution of Co in the near surface region of the crystal. Upon annealing, clear evidence of secondary phases is found. At the highest annealing temperature (800 degrees C) a ferromagnetic behavior is observed at room temperature with a coercive field of 120 Oe assigned mainly to metallic fcc Co nano-crystallites. We find that for the annealed samples, the temperature dependent magnetization cannot be explained within a model containing only a paramagnetic contribution due to well dispersed Co ions and a ferromagnetic contribution due to Co nano-crystallites, at least one more ferromagnetic contribution is needed for a consistent explanation of the experimental results.
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| 42. |
- Wikberg, J Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetocrystalline anisotropy and uniaxiality of MnAs/GaAs(100) films
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 83:2, s. 024417-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an investigation of the magnetic behavior of epitaxial MnAs films grown on GaAs(100). We address the dependence of the magnetic moment, ferromagnetic transition temperature (Tc), and magnetocrystalline anisotropy constants on epitaxial conditions. From thorough structural and magnetic investigations, our findings indicate a more complex relationship between strain and magnetic properties in MnAs films than a simple stretch/compression of the unit cell axes. While a small increase is seen in the anisotropy constants, the enhancement of the magnetic moment at saturation is significant. Results of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism show a behavior of the spin and orbital moment that is consistent with a structural transition at Tc. In particular, we find that the ratio of the orbital to the spin moment shows a marked increase in the coexistence region of the ferromagnetic α- and paramagnetic β-phases a result that is well in accord with the observed increase in the c/a ratio in the same temperature region. The ab initio density functional calculations reveal that the magnetic properties are more sensitive towards change in the ab-plane compared to change in the c-axis which is explained by the analysis of band structures. The effects of electron correlation in MnAs using ab initio dynamical mean field theory are also presented.
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