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- Harb, H, et al.
(författare)
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Epigenetic Modifications in Placenta are Associated with the Child's Sensitization to Allergens
- 2019
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Ingår i: BioMed research international. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2314-6141 .- 2314-6133. ; 2019, s. 1315257-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prenatal environmental exposures are considered to contribute to the development of allergic sensitization by epigenetic mechanisms. The role of histone acetylation in the placenta has not been examined yet. We hypothesized that placental histone acetylation at the promoter regions of allergy-related immune regulatory genes is associated with the development of sensitization to allergens in the child. Histones H3 and H4 acetylation at the promoter regions of 6 selected allergy-related immune regulatory genes was assessed by a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay in 173 term placentas collected in the prospective birth-cohort ALADDIN. The development of IgE sensitization to allergens in the children was followed from 6 months up to 5 years of age. We discovered significant associations of histone acetylation levels with decreased risk of allergic sensitization in 3 genes. Decreased risk of sensitization to food allergens was associated with higher H3 acetylation levels in placentas at the IFNG and SH2B3 genes, and for H4 acetylation in HDAC4. Higher HDAC4 H4 acetylation levels were also associated with a decreased risk of sensitization to aeroallergens. In conclusion, our results suggest that acetylation of histones in placenta has a potential to predict the development of sensitization to allergens in children.
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- Amanullah, Rahman, et al.
(författare)
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Diversity in extinction laws of Type Ia supernovae measured between 0.2 and 2 μm
- 2015
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 453:3, s. 3300-3328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present ultraviolet (UV) observations of six nearby Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, three of which were also observed in the near-IR (NIR) with Wide-Field Camera 3. UV observations with the Swift satellite, as well as ground-based optical and NIR data provide complementary information. The combined data set covers the wavelength range 0.2-2 mu m. By also including archival data of SN 2014J, we analyse a sample spanning observed colour excesses up to E(B - V) = 1.4 mag. We study the wavelength-dependent extinction of each individual SN and find a diversity of reddening laws when characterized by the total-to-selective extinction R-V. In particular, we note that for the two SNe with E(B - V) greater than or similar to 1 mag, for which the colour excess is dominated by dust extinction, we find R-V = 1.4 +/- 0.1 and R-V = 2.8 +/- 0.1. Adding UV photometry reduces the uncertainty of fitted R-V by similar to 50 per cent allowing us to also measure R-V of individual low-extinction objects which point to a similar diversity, currently not accounted for in the analyses when SNe Ia are used for studying the expansion history of the Universe.
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- Goobar, Ariel, et al.
(författare)
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iPTF16geu : A multiply imaged, gravitationally lensed type Ia supernova
- 2017
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 356:6335, s. 291-295
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the discovery of a multiply imaged, gravitationally lensed type Ia supernova, iPTF16geu (SN 2016geu), at redshift z = 0.409. This phenomenon was identified because the light from the stellar explosion was magnified more than 50 times by the curvature of space around matter in an intervening galaxy. We used high-spatial-resolution observations to resolve four images of the lensed supernova, approximately 0.3 arc seconds from the center of the foreground galaxy. The observations probe a physical scale of ~1 kiloparsec, smaller than is typical in other studies of extragalactic gravitational lensing. The large magnification and symmetric image configuration imply close alignment between the lines of sight to the supernova and to the lens. The relative magnifications of the four images provide evidence for substructures in the lensing galaxy.
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- Sirotkina, M, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the association between chorangioma and infantile haemangioma in singleton and multiple pregnancies: a case-control study in a Swedish tertiary centre
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 7:9, s. e015539-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Placenta or placental chorangioma could be the origin site of infantile haemangioma since they share various histochemical and genetic characteristics with placental vascular tissue. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between chorangiomas and infantile haemangiomas in singleton and multiple pregnancies.Materials and methodsAn informative questionnaire enquiring about the presence or not of infantile haemangioma and including illustrative photos of haemangioma was sent to 469 (153 cases with chorangioma and 316 controls) mothers of 323 singleton (104 cases and 219 controls) and 146 multiple (49 cases and 97 controls) liveborn neonates registered in Sweden. Overall, 310 mothers (66.1%) from 216 singleton and 94 multiple pregnancies (96 cases and 214 controls) provided feedback and their consent to participate in the current case–control study.ResultsThe incidence of infantile haemangioma showed no statistically significant differences between cases and controls (18.8% vs 18.2%) or between singleton and multiple pregnancies (18.9% vs 17.0%). The frequency of pre-eclampsia was significantly higher in cases with chorangioma compared with controls (41.7% vs 24.3%, OR=2.22, 95% CI 1.33 to 3.71, p=0.0022) and in singleton compared with multiple pregnancies (33.3% vs 21.3%, OR=1.85, 95% CI 1.04 to 3.26, p=0.034), whereas there were no significant differences in the incidence of infantile haemangioma in neonates of mothers with or without pre-eclampsia or in neonates of mothers with multiple compared with singleton pregnancies.ConclusionThere was no association between placental chorangiomas and infantile haemangiomas. Multiple pregnancies or pre-eclampsia were not significantly related to higher incidence of infantile haemangioma.
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| 23. |
- Sirotkina, M, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic Analysis of Copy Number Variation in Large Chorangiomas
- 2019
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Ingår i: Pediatric and developmental pathology : the official journal of the Society for Pediatric Pathology and the Paediatric Pathology Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 1615-5742. ; 22:3, s. 236-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chorangioma (CA) is the most common nontrophoblastic, vascular tumor-like lesion of the placenta with a reported incidence of 0.5% to 1% in all examined placentas. The underlying molecular mechanisms of CAs are still poorly elucidated, and a systematic investigation of the genetic background of CAs has not previously been done. Materials and Methods Tissue biopsies from 8 large (>40 mm) histologically confirmed CAs and 8 unaffected matched placenta controls, along with standard control DNA samples were analyzed for large genomic deletions and duplications using array comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) method. Results Array-CGH analysis revealed no rare or novel copy number variants in the CA samples compared with either standard control DNA or unaffected placenta DNA from the same individual. Discussion In this study, a systematic genetic investigation of 8 large CAs failed to demonstrate any large-scale pathogenic genetic changes. This lack of association might support a nongenetic, nontumorous origin of these lesions; however, additional genetic studies focusing on smaller genomic alterations are required to fully assess any possible genetic contribution.
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