| 1. |
- Ekblom Bak, Elin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerometer derived physical activity and subclinical coronary and carotid atherosclerosis : cross-sectional analyses in 22 703 middle-aged men and women in the SCAPIS study
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 13:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim included investigation of the associations between sedentary (SED), low-intensity physical activity (LIPA), moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) and the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in both coronaries and carotids and the estimated difference in prevalence by theoretical reallocation of time in different PA behaviours.DESIGN: Cross-sectional.SETTING: Multisite study at university hospitals.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 22 670 participants without cardiovascular disease (51% women, 57.4 years, SD 4.3) from the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage study were included. SED, LIPA and MVPA were assessed by hip-worn accelerometer.PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: Any and significant subclinical coronary atherosclerosis (CA), Coronary Artery Calcium Score (CACS) and carotid atherosclerosis (CarA) were derived from imaging data from coronary CT angiography and carotid ultrasound.RESULTS: High daily SED (>70% ≈10.5 hours/day) associated with a higher OR 1.44 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.91), for significant CA, and with lower OR 0.77 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.95), for significant CarA. High LIPA (>55% ≈8 hours/day) associated with lower OR for significant CA 0.70 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.96), and CACS, 0.71 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.97), but with higher OR for CarA 1.41 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.76). MVPA above reference level, >2% ≈20 min/day, associated with lower OR for significant CA (OR range 0.61-0.67), CACS (OR range 0.71-0.75) and CarA (OR range 0.72-0.79). Theoretical replacement of 30 min of SED into an equal amount of MVPA associated with lower OR for significant CA, especially in participants with high SED 0.84 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.96) or low MVPA 0.51 (0.36 to 0.73).CONCLUSIONS: MVPA was associated with a lower risk for significant atherosclerosis in both coronaries and carotids, while the association varied in strength and direction for SED and LIPA, respectively. If causal, clinical implications include avoiding high levels of daily SED and low levels of MVPA to reduce the risk of developing significant subclinical atherosclerosis.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Daniel, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating the use of a tactile sensor for measuring carton compliance
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 35:3, s. 362-369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work reports the evaluation of a tactile sensor for the potential of using it to measure the compliance of folding cartons. A tactile sensor would make it possible to measure the mechanical behavior locally around the contact point, in contrast to existing methods that measure the global mechanical behavior of the carton. Research on the haptic sense has shown that the local mechanical behavior is more important than the global behavior when humans assess compliance of objects. It is shown that the response of the tactile sensor correlates strongly with the bending stiffness of the board, but also with geometric features. A method for reducing the 22-dimensional output of the sensor to single meaningful feature using linear discriminant analysis is proposed and tested. The results show that the sensor is a good candidate for a method that incorporates both cutaneous and kinaesthetic information in the measure of carton compliance.
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, Daniel, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Laboratory measurement method for the mechanical interaction between a tactile sensor and a cartonboard package – presentation and evaluation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 36:1, s. 91-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of sensory information in product purchasing decisions has gained increasing attention in recent years. Tactile properties of packaging are usually measured with the help of trained evaluators. An objective, fast and repeatable method that describes the mechanical interaction and does not rely on a panel would have many benefits. We propose and evaluate such a method for measuring the mechanical interaction between a deformable finger-like shaped sensor and a package. Evaluation of the method shows good repeatability, the variability in the measurement result is within a few percent in most cases. The method captures indentation differences at contact between sensor and package due to measurement position and package design.
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| 4. |
- Mortensen, Anja, et al.
(författare)
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Selection, characterization and in vivo evaluation of novel CD44v6-targeting antibodies for targeted molecular radiotherapy
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular radiotherapy combines the advantages of systemic administration of highly specific antibodies or peptides and the localized potency of ionizing radiation. A potential target for molecular radiotherapy is the cell surface antigen CD44v6, which is overexpressed in numerous cancers, with limited expression in normal tissues. The aim of the present study was to generate and characterize a panel of human anti-CD44v6 antibodies and identify a suitable candidate for future use in molecular radiotherapy of CD44v6-expressing cancers. Binders were first isolated from large synthetic phage display libraries containing human scFv and Fab antibody fragments. The antibodies were extensively analyzed through in vitro investigations of binding kinetics, affinity, off-target binding, and cell binding. Lead candidates were further subjected to in vivo biodistribution studies in mice bearing anaplastic thyroid cancer xenografts that express high levels of CD44v6. Additionally, antigen-dependent tumor uptake of the lead candidate was verified in additional xenograft models with varying levels of target expression. Interestingly, although only small differences were observed among the top antibody candidates in vitro, significant differences in tumor uptake and retention were uncovered in in vivo experiments. A high-affinity anti-CD44v6 lead drug candidate was identified, mAb UU-40, which exhibited favorable target binding properties and in vivo distribution. In conclusion, a panel of human anti-CD44v6 antibodies was successfully generated and characterized in this study. Through comprehensive evaluation, mAb UU-40 was identified as a promising lead candidate for future molecular radiotherapy of CD44v6-expressing cancers due to its high affinity, excellent target binding properties, and desirable in vivo distribution characteristics.
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| 5. |
- Persson, Camilla, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanical interaction between a cartonboard package and a tactile sensor depending on position and material
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 17th Fundamental Research Symposium, Cambridge, August/September 2022. - : FRC.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The perception of mechanical rigidity when touching a package is important for purchasing decisions. This perception will depend both on the material and geometry of the product packaging, but also on the position where the package is grasped. Both kinaestethic (globally) and cutaneous cues (locally around the fingertip) play a role in the perception of compliance, but cutaneous cues are more important. We therefore use a tactile sensor to investigate the mechanical interaction between the tactile sensor and a cartonboard package; we study the changes depending on the measuring position and the material. Using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) on the measurement result we show that we can separate these two changes for separate analysis.
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| 6. |
- Persson, Camilla, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of creases on carton board package behavior during point loading
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 38:3, s. 491-499
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carton board packages with different creases have been manufactured and loaded with point loads to see if there is a difference in point load behavior depending on crease. A carton board was creased in four different ways. The differences of the creases were judged according to appearance and residual moment. Three of the four creases showed divergent appearances. The re-sidual moment was as expected lowest for the hardest creased sample and vice versa. The packages with the different creases were loaded with a point load. The registered force - displacement curves were analyzed according to stiffness and collapse load. No statistically significant difference could be seen in the collapse load of the package or in the stiffness measured, indicating that with a standard point load measurement it was hard to distinguish a difference in packaging behavior due to creasing. In future work it might be interesting to further study the average stiffness, since a trend of higher average stiffness for lower matrix channel depth exists in the measurements, however not statistically ensured. One possibility to discern possibly existing differences in the resistance of packaging to point load due to crease differences could be to study the interaction in more detail.
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| 7. |
- Sarén, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Complementarity-determining region clustering may cause CAR-T cell dysfunction
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1, s. 4732-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is rapidly advancing as cancer treatment, however, designing an optimal CAR remains challenging. A single-chain variable fragment (scFv) is generally used as CAR targeting moiety, wherein the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) define its specificity. We report here that the CDR loops can cause CAR clustering, leading to antigen-independent tonic signalling and subsequent CAR-T cell dysfunction. We show via CARs incorporating scFvs with identical framework and varying CDR sequences that CARs may cluster on the T cell surface, which leads to antigen-independent CAR-T cell activation, characterized by increased cell size and interferon (IFN)-γ secretion. This results in CAR-T cell exhaustion, activation-induced cell death and reduced responsiveness to target-antigen-expressing tumour cells. CDR mutagenesis confirms that the CAR-clustering is mediated by CDR-loops. In summary, antigen-independent tonic signalling can be induced by CDR-mediated CAR clustering, which could not be predicted from the scFv sequences, but could be tested for by evaluating the activity of unstimulated CAR-T cells.
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