| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Svanberg, Sune, et al.
(författare)
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Applications of terawatt lasers
- 1994
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Ingår i: LASER SPECTROSCOPY - XITH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE. - : AIP. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. - 1563962624 ; :290, s. 264-269
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Landin-Olsson, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Immunoreactive trypsin(Ogen) in the sera of children with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes and matched controls
- 1990
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Ingår i: Pancreas. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0885-3177. ; 5:3, s. 241-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate the exocrine pancreatic function at the time of diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, we determined immunoreactive an-odal and cathodal trypsin(ogen) levels in sera from almost all children (n = 375) 0-14 years of age in Sweden in whom diabetes developed during 1 year, and in sex-, age-, and geographically matched control subjects (n = 312). The median level of anodal trypsin(ogen) was 5 (quartile range, 3-7) µg/L in children with newly diagnosed diabetes, compared with a median level of 7 (quartile range, 4-8) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the median level of cathodal trypsin(ogen) was 8 (quartile range, 4-10) µg/L in children with diabetes, compared with a median level of 11 (quartile range, 7-15) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). The median of the individual ratios between cathodal and anodal trypsin(ogen) was 1.4 in the diabetic patients and 1.7 in the control children (p < 0.001). In a multivariate test, however, only the decrease in cathodal trypsin(ogen) concentration was associated with diabetes. The levels of trypsin(ogen)s did not correlate with levels of islet cell antibodies, present in 81% of the diabetic children. Several mechanisms may explain our findings, for example, similar pathogenetic factors may affect both the endocrine and exocrine pancreas simultaneously, a failing local trophic stimulation by insulin on the exocrine cells may decrease the trypsinogen production, and there may be an increased elimination of trypsin(ogen) because of higher filtration through the kidneys in the hyperglycemic state.
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| 6. |
- Lundgren, E, et al.
(författare)
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Invasin of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis activates human peripheral B cells.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Infection and Immunity. - 0019-9567 .- 1098-5522. ; 64:3, s. 829-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Yersinia pseudotuberculosis cell surface-located protein invasin was found to promote binding between the pathogen and resting peripheral B cells via beta 1 integrin receptors (CD29). B cells responded by expressing several activation markers and by growing, In contrast, T cells did not react, although these cells express CD29. An isogenic invA mutant failed to activate B cells. The mutation could be complemented by providing the invA+ gene in trans. Purified invasin alone did not activate B cells, although it was able to block the binding of bacteria to the cells.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Axelsson, A, et al.
(författare)
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Excited superdeformed band in Eu-143
- 1999
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 6:2, s. 175-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new superdeformed band has been discovered in a EUROBALL experiment and assigned to Eu-143. It has a maximum intensity of 35% of the Eu-143 yrast superdeformed band and the transition energies of the two bands are very similar. Based on comparison with cranked shell model calculations the new band is tentatively assigned the high-N intruder configuration pi 6(2)nu 7(0) and the parity and signature quantum numbers (pi, alpha) = (-1, +1/2). In addition to the already known high-energy transition at 3361 keV another discrete line at 2715 keV was found to be in coincidence with the yrast superdeformed band. However, it was not possible to connect the decay out of either of the superdeformed bands to, known normally deformed states.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Campieri, M, et al.
(författare)
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Oral budesonide is as effective as oral prednisolone in active Crohn's disease. The Global Budesonide Study Group
- 1997
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Ingår i: Gut. - : BMJ. - 0017-5749 .- 1468-3288. ; 41:2, s. 209-214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background—The use of corticosteroids in active Crohn’s disease often becomes limited by side effects. Budesonide is a potent corticosteroid with low systemic bioavailability due to an extensive first pass liver metabolism.Aims—To compare the efficacy and safety of two dosage regimens of budesonide and prednisolone in patients with active Crohn’s disease affecting the ileum and/or the ascending colon.Patients and methods—One hundred and seventy eight patients were randomised to receive budesonide controlled ileal release (CIR) capsules 9 mg once daily or 4.5 mg twice daily, or prednisolone tablets 40 mg once daily. The treatment period was 12 weeks. The primary efficacy variable was clinical remission, defined as a Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) of 150 or less.Results—After eight weeks of treatment, remission occurred in 60% of patients receiving budesonide once daily or prednisolone and in 42% of those receiving budesonide twice daily (p=0.062). The presence of glucocorticoid associated side effects was similar in all groups; however, moon face was more common in the prednisolone group (p=0.0005). The highest frequency of impaired adrenal function, as measured by a short ACTH test, was found in the prednisolone group (p=0.0023).Conclusions—Budesonide CIR, administered at 9 mg once daily or 4.5 mg twice daily, is comparable to prednisolone in inducing remission in active Crohn’s disease. The single dose administration is as promptly effective as prednisolone and represents a simpler and safer therapeutic approach, with a considerable reduction in side effects.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Dale, S, et al.
(författare)
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A mobile tomographic gamma camera system for acute studies
- 1997
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Ingår i: IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9499 .- 1558-1578. ; 44:2, s. 199-203
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
- ELPHINSTONE, RD, et al.
(författare)
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OBSERVATIONS IN THE VICINITY OF SUBSTORM ONSET - IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SUBSTORM PROCESS
- 1995
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS. - : AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION. - 0148-0227. ; 100:A5, s. 7937-7969
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Multi-instrument data sets from the ground and satellites at both low and high altitude have provided new results concerning substorm onset and its source region in the magnetosphere. Twenty-six out of 37 substorm onset events showed evidence of azimuthal
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Gorska, M, et al.
(författare)
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Cd-98(48)50 : The two-proton-hole spectrum in Sn-100(50)50
- 1997
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 79:13, s. 2415-2418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Excited states in Cd-98, two proton holes from Sn-100, were identified and studied for the first time, using in-beam spectroscopy with highly selective ancillary detectors. The structure of the (pi g(9/2))(-2) two-proton-hole spectrum below a T-1/2 = 0.48(16) mu s isomer is deduced and compared to shell-model predictions. A tentative I-pi = (8(+)) assignment, as suggested by systematics, yields a strongly reduced B(E2,8(+) --> 6(+)) = 0.44((+20)(-10)) W.u., corresponding to an effective proton charge of e(pi) = 0.85((+20)(-10))e, which is at variance with existing theoretical predictions.
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| 18. |
- Gorska, M, et al.
(författare)
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Spectroscopy of the T-z=1 nuclei close to Sn-100
- 1997
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Ingår i: Acta Physica Polonica B. - 0587-4254 .- 1509-5770. ; 28:1-2, s. 303-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The two nuclei Cd-98 and Sn-102, closest neighbours of Sn-100, have been studied with a recoil catcher setup, following the reactions: Ni-58(Ti-46, alpha 2n)Cd-98 and Ni-58(Cr-50, alpha 2n)Sn-102. Long lived isomeric states were measured in Cd-98 I-pi = (8+), t(1/2) = 0.48(8) mu s and in Sn-102 I-pi = (6(+)) with t(1/2) = 1.0(6) mu s. The proposed experimental level schemes of the isomeric decay are presented and compared to the shell model predictions.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Horling, J, et al.
(författare)
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Distribution and genetic heterogeneity of Puumala virus in Sweden
- 1996
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY. - : SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY. - 0022-1317. ; 77, s. 2555-2562
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Small mammals trapped in Sweden were analysed for specific antibody responses against three hantavirus serotypes and for the presence of viral antigen. To determine the genetic identity of viral RNA in lungs of seropositive bank voles (Clethrionomys glare
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| 22. |
- ILAG, LL, et al.
(författare)
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Pan-neurotrophin 1: a genetically engineered neurotrophic factor displaying multiple specificities in peripheral neurons in vitro and in vivo
- 1995
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424. ; 92:2, s. 607-611
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pan-neurotrophin 1 (PNT-1) is a synthetic trophic factor engineered by combining active domains of the neurotrophins nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) into an NT-3 backbone. This molecule was produced in transiently transfected COS cells or in baculovirus-infected insect cells transfected COS cells or in baculovirus-infected insect cells and subsequently purified to homogeneity. Saturation binding in embryonic spinal sensory neurons demonstrated a greater number of high-affinity binding sites for PNT-1 than for its parental molecule NT-3. PNT-1 was shown to efficiently block the chemical crosslinking of NGF, BDNF, and NT-3 to their cognate Trk receptors and to the low-affintiy NGF receptor expressed on neuronal and nonneuronal cells. PNT-1 stimulated survival and proliferation of MG87 fibroblasts expressing either TrkA, TrkB, or TrkC. PNT-1 also promoted survival of a greater number of embryonic dorsal root ganglion neurons than any of the other neurotrophins alone, and its effects were equivalent to a combination of NGF, BDNF, and NT-3. Analysis of receptor-specific neurotrophic activities demonstrated that PNT-1 efficiently rescued TrkA mRNA-containing sympathetic neurons and TrkB and TrkC mRNA-containing sensory neurons from the dorsal root and nodose ganglia. Finally, PNT-1 showed robust retrograde transport to DRG neurons in vivo after injection into the sciatic nerve. Radiolabeled PNT-1 accumulated in small-, medium-, and large-sized neurons. Coinjection with different unlabeled neurotrophins inhibited PNT-1 transport in distinct subpopulations of neurons of different sizes, suggesting that this molecule affects sensory neurons of different modalities. These results indicate that PNT-1 is a potent and multispecific neurotrophic factor that may be useful in the treatment of peripheral neurophathies and nerve damage.
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| 23. |
- Jorgensen, F S, et al.
(författare)
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MULTISCAN--a Scandinavian multicenter second trimester obstetric ultrasound and serum screening study
- 1999
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - 1600-0412. ; 78:6, s. 501-510
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To study the detection rates of second trimester ultrasound screening for neural tube defects (NTD), abdominal wall defects (AWD) and Down's syndrome (DS) in low risk populations at tertiary centers, and to compare the ultrasound screening detection rates with those that were obtainable by biochemical serum screening (double test: alpha-fetoprotein/human chorion gonadotrophin/age test). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective multicenter study with a three year inclusion period: 1/1/1989-31/12/1991. SUBJECTS: 27,844 low-risk women at 18-34 years of age who had a second trimester ultrasound screening examination. Of these, 10,264 also had a serum test. METHODS: An ultrasound malformation scan and a serum test were carried out at 17-19 weeks of gestation. Risk calculations regarding DS were based on alpha-fetoprotein, human chorion gonadotrophin and maternal age; performed retrospectively for the first two years. RESULTS: In total 73 cases were identified in the study population: NTD (n=34), AWD (n=7) and DS (n=32). The detection rates, (%, with 95% confidence interval) for ultrasound screening were: NTD: 79.4 (62.1-91.3); AWD: 85.7 (42.1-99.6); DS: 6.3 (0.8-20.8). In the subgroup of women who had both tests, the detection rates for ultrasound screening vs double test were: NTD: 62.5 (24.5-91.5) vs 75.0 (34.9-96.8); AWD: 66.7 (9.4-99.2) vs 100 (29.2-100.0); DS: 7.7 (0.2-36.0) vs 46.2 (19.2-74.9). The false positive rates (%) for ultrasound screening vs double test were: NTD: 0.01/3.3; AWD: 0.01/3.3; DS: 0.1/4.0. CONCLUSION: Second trimester ultrasound screening in a low risk population gave a low detection rate for fetal DS (6.3%) and an acceptable detection rate for NTD (79.4%) and AWD (85.7%). In the subgroup of women who had both tests, serum screening performed better than ultrasound as applied in the present study, especially regarding DS.
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| 24. |
- Kownacki, J, et al.
(författare)
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The isospin dependent p-n multiplets in the region of doubly magic Sn-100
- 1996
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental data on p-n multiplets appearing in the nuclei near double-magic Sn-100 accesible in heavy-ion fusion-evaporation experiments have been analyzed. Proton-rich nuclei in this region have been investigated using the NORDBALL array. A Ni-58 beams at energies of 270 Mev on Fe-54 and 261 MeV on Cr-50 targets were used. Reaction channel separation was achieved with a 4 pi charged particle multi-detector set-up together with a 1 pi neutron detector wall placed in the forward direction. On the basis of gamma gamma-coincidence and angular correlation relations a level schemes of several light Sn, In, Sb, Te and I nuclei were observed for the first time in the present experiment. The observed structure of nuclei are discussed in the framework of the nuclear shell-model. The p-n multiplets in the A similar to 100 region corresponding to the nucleon pairs with mixed configurations has been considered as a playground for the tests of the T = 0 and T = 1 parts of the effective interaction.
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| 25. |
- Kownacki, J, et al.
(författare)
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The isospin dependent p-n multiplets in the region of doubly magic Sn-100
- 1996
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Ingår i: ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B. - : POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS. ; 27:1-2, s. 87-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Experimental data on p-n multiplets appearing in the nuclei near double-magic Sn-100 accesible in heavy-ion fusion-evaporation experiments have been analyzed. Proton-rich nuclei in this region have been investigated using the NORDBALL array. A Ni-58 beams
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Lipoglavšek, M., et al.
(författare)
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In-beam study of 102Sn
- 1996
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Ingår i: Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei. - 0939-7922 .- 1431-5831. ; 356:3, s. 239-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Excited states in 102Sn have been identified for the first time, in an in-beam γ-ray spectroscopic experiment. Two γ-ray transitions with energies 1472 and 497 keV following the decay of the seniority 6+ isomer with t1/2 = 1.0(5) μs were unambiguously assigned to 102Sn. Due to the very low cross section of about 2 μb for producing 102Sn in the reaction 50Cr(58Ni,1α2n), a highly selective detector setup utilizing NORDBALL ancillary detectors and a recoil catcher device was used. High γ-ray detection efficiency was achieved with two EUROBALL Ge cluster detectors.
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| 28. |
- LONNERBERG, P, et al.
(författare)
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Regulatory region in choline acetyltransferase gene directs developmental and tissue-specific expression in transgenic mice
- 1995
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424. ; 92:9, s. 4046-4050
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acetylcholine, one of the main neurotransmitters in the nervous system, is synthesized by the enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT; acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.6). The molecular mechanisms controlling the establishment, maintenance, and plasticity of the cholinergic phenotype in vivo are largely unknown. A previous report showed that a 3800-bp, but not a 1450-bp, 5' flanking segment from the rat ChAT gene promoter directed cell type-specific expression of a reporter gene in cholinergic cells in vitro. Now we have characterized a distal regulatory region of the ChAT gene that confers cholinergic specificity on a heterologous downstream promoter in a cholinergic cell line and in transgenic mice. A 2342-bp segment from the 5' flanking region of the ChAT gene behaved as an enhancer in cholinergic cells but as a repressor in noncholinergic cells in an orientation-independent manner. Combined with a heterologous basal promoter, this fragment targeted transgene expression to several cholinergic regions of the central nervous system of transgenic mice, including basal forebrain, cortex, pons, and spinal cord. In eight independent transgenic lines, the pattern of transgene expression paralleled qualitatively and quantitatively that displayed by endogenous ChAT mRNA in various regions of the rat central nervous system. In the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord, 85-90% of the transgene expression was targeted to the ventral part of the cord, where cholinergic alpha-motor neurons are located. Transgene expression in the spinal cord was developmentally regulated and responded to nerve injury in a similar way as the endogenous ChAT gene, indicating that the 2342-bp regulatory sequence contains elements controlling the plasticity of the cholinergic phenotype in developing and injured neurons.
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| 29. |
- Mani, K, et al.
(författare)
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Heparan/chondroitin/dermatan sulfate primer 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl)-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside preferentially inhibits growth of transformed cells
- 1998
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472. ; 58:6, s. 104-1099
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Xylose forms the direct carbohydrate-protein link in extra- or pericellular proteoglycans (PGs) that are substituted with either chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate (DS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS). Cell surface PGs carrying HS are important regulators of cell growth. Xylose coupled to an aromatic compound can enter cells and initiate either CS/DS synthesis or both HS and CS/DS synthesis, depending on the nature of the aromatic adduct. Here, we show that 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl)-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside, which can prime both types of glycan chains, inhibits growth of a set of normal and transformed cells. Transformed cells are preferentially inhibited, and at a concentration of 0.15-0.20 mM xyloside, transformed cells are totally growth arrested, whereas normal cells are only < or = 50% inhibited. No inhibition of growth is observed with the stereoisomeric 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl)-O-beta-L-xylopyranoside, which does not prime glycosaminoglycan synthesis at all; with the nonhydroxylated 2-naphthyl-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside, which only primes CS/DS synthesis under these conditions; or with p-nitrophenyl-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside, which is known to prime only CS/DS synthesis. We conclude that growth inhibition is due to priming of HS and/or CS/DS synthesis, which may either lead to the formation of specific antiproliferative glycans or glycan fragments or to interference with endogenous PG synthesis and turnover.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Möller, Páll H., et al.
(författare)
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Interstitial laser thermotherapy : Comparison between bare fibre and sapphire probe
- 1995
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Ingår i: Lasers in Medical Science. - 0268-8921. ; 10:3, s. 193-200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A sapphire probe and a bare fibre were compared with respect to temperature control and distribution and light fluence in interstitial laser thermotherapy. Experiments were performed in processed liver using an Nd-YAG laser and output power levels of 1-4 W. The temperature was controlled at a distance of 10 mm using a feedback circuit with an automatic thermometry system and thermistor probes. With the sapphire probe, carbonization was rare at power levels of 1-2 W but was observed in half of the experiments at 3 W and in all experiments at 4 W. Using the bare fibre, carbonization was seen in almost all experiments. Absence of carbonization was associated with a moderate decrease in the penetration of light and excellent control of the temperature, whereas carbonization led to rapid impairment of light penetration and temperature control. In addition, the temperature gradient was smaller with the sapphire probe than with the bare fibre or when carbonization was absent. It is concluded that a diffuser tip, such as the sapphire probe, may be preferable to the bare fibre for interstitial laser thermotherapy because it gives a smaller temperature gradient and helps to avoid carbonization which results in preserved light penetration and improved temperature control.
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| 33. |
- Möller, P. H., et al.
(författare)
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Temperature control and light penetration in a feedback interstitial laser thermotherapy system
- 1996
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Ingår i: International Journal of Hyperthermia. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0265-6736 .- 1464-5157. ; 12:1, s. 49-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe the performance of a closed loop interstitial laser thermotherapy system in processed liver and to demonstrate its suitability for treating a vascularized tumour in vivo. The thermotherapy system consisted of an Nd:YAG laser and a temperature feedback circuit including an automatic thermometry system and thermistor probes. Experiments in processed liver were performed with a sapphire probe and temperature control at a distance of 10 mm. In most experiments at 1-2 W, and in half of the experiments at 3 W, there was no carbonization, a moderate change in the light penetration and excellent control of the temperature. In experiments with output powers of 4-5 W there was carbonization with rapid deterioration of light penetration and impaired control of the temperature. Carbonization affected the distribution of temperatures, which were lower below, and higher above, the laser tip in experiments with carbonization as compared to experiments without carbonization. Treatment of an adenocarcinoma implanted into rat liver was performed at 2 W with a bare fibre and without blood inflow occlusion. The feedback thermistor probe was placed 3 mm outside the margin of the tumour (largest diameter 9.5 ± 0.3 mm (mean ± SEM)). Temperature control and light penetration characteristics were similar to those found in vitro. No tumour could be demonstrated at sacrifice 6 days later. It is concluded that a closed loop feedback system can produce stable and reproducible local hyperthermia, that it performs better when carbonization is avoided and light penetration is preserved and that it has a great potential for interstitial thermotherapy of malignant tumours.
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| 34. |
- Patthey, L, et al.
(författare)
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Adsorption of bi-isonicotinic acid on rutile TiO2(110)
- 1999
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS. - 0021-9606. ; 110:12, s. 5913-5918
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bi-isonicotinic acid (2,2'-bipyridine- 4,4'-dicarboxylic acid) is the ligand of several organometallic dyes, used in photoelectrochemical applications. Therefore the atomic scale understanding of the bonding of this molecule to rutile TiO2(110) should giv
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Persson, K., Sjöström, H., Koyi, H. A., Mulugeta, G., Weinberg, R. and C.J. Talbot
(författare)
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Ytor på djupet.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Naturvetenskapliga forskningsrådets årsbok 1998/1999. ; , s. 39-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Rensmo, H, et al.
(författare)
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XPS studies of Ru-polypyridine complexes for solar cell applications
- 1999
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS. - 0021-9606. ; 111:6, s. 2744-2750
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A series of Ru-polypyridine dyes has been studied with electron spectroscopy using AlK alpha and synchrotron radiation. Both pure complexes and complexes adsorbed on nanostructured TiO2 (anatase) surfaces have been examined and special emphasis was g
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- TIMMUSK, T, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of brain-derived neurotrophic factor promoter regions mediating tissue-specific, axotomy-, and neuronal activity-induced expression in transgenic mice
- 1995
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Ingår i: The Journal of cell biology. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 0021-9525 .- 1540-8140. ; 128:1-2, s. 185-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure of rat brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene is complex; four 5' exons are linked to separate promoters and one 3' exon is encoding the BDNF protein. To analyze the relative importance of the regulatory regions in vivo, we have generated transgenic mice with six different promoter constructs of the BDNF gene fused to the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase reporter gene. High level and neuronal expression of the reporter gene, that in many respects recapitulated BDNF gene expression, was achieved by using 9 kb of genomic sequences covering the promoter regions that lie adjacent to each other in the genome (promoters I and II and promoters III and IV, respectively) and by including sequences of BDNF intron-exon splice junctions and 3' untranslated region in the constructs. The genomic regions responsible for the in vivo upregulation of BDNF expression in the axotomized sciatic nerve and in the brain after kainic acid-induced seizures and KCl-induced spreading depression were mapped. These data show that regulation of the different aspects of BDNF expression is controlled by different regions in vivo, and they suggest that these promoter constructs may be useful for targeted expression of heterologous genes to specific regions of the central and peripheral nervous systems in an inducible manner.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Tropé, C, et al.
(författare)
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Doxorubicin-melphalan with and without cisplatin in advanced ovarian cancer--ten-year survival results from a prospective randomized study by the Swedish Cooperative Ovarian Cancer Study Group
- 1996
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Ingår i: Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 35 Suppl 8, s. 18-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a controlled prospective randomized study the regimen doxorubicin (A) 40 mg/m2 + melphalan (M) 0.4 mg/kg was compared with A + M + cisplatin (C) 50 mg/m2 given every four weeks in advanced ovarian cancer, FIGO stage III or IV and with serous or anaplastic histology. From 1981 to 1983, 300 patients entered the study and 295 patients were evaluable for response, toxicity and long-term survival. All patients were followed for at least 10 years. The majority of patients had large residual tumours >2 cm. Patients treated with MAC had a higher response rate compared with patients treated with MA (76% vs. 50%, p < 0.01) and treatment with MAC resulted in significantly more pathological complete responders than MA. There was a significant difference in median duration of response (19 months vs. 13 months, p < 0.006) and in median survival time (26 months vs. 19 months, p = 0.05). After 5- and 10 years a significant difference in progression-free and overall survival was found. The independent prognostic factors in this study were residual tumour after primary surgery, treatment with MAC, tumour grade, ascites, and stage. Objective and subjective side effects were significantly worse with MAC, although tolerable. In conclusion, this study shows that incorporating C into MA improves the duration of progression-free survival and overall survival in women with incompletely resected Stage III or Stage IV ovarian epithelial cancer. A 5- and 10-year survival of 25% and 18%, respectively, is impressive.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Widell, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Hepatitis C superinfection in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients transplanted with an HCV-infected kidney
- 1995
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Ingår i: Transplantation. - 1534-6080. ; 60:7, s. 642-647
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes, determined by polymerase chain reaction with type-specific primers, were studied in 5 already HCV-infected patients receiving kidneys from HCV-infected cadaver donors. Three patients were investigated retrospectively using stored pre- and posttransplantation sera and followed 18-28 months after transplantation. Two recipients with HCV genotype 2b infection had received kidneys from 1 genotype 3a-infected donor. In 1 recipient, HCV 2b was replaced by the donor's type; in the other recipient, a prolonged mixed infection of 3a and 2b occurred. Persistent alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation (3- to 5-fold) appeared in both patients. The third patient, also HCV 2b infected when transplanted with an HCV 3a-infected kidney, remained infected with HCV 2b only. Two patients, one with HCV genotype 1b and the other with genotype 3a, were followed prospectively with frequent bleeds (initially biweekly) and genotyping over 14 months after they had received kidneys from 1 HCV genotype 1a-infected donor. The HCV 1b-infected recipient remained infected with 1b only and had minimal biochemical signs of liver injury. In the other recipient, mixed infection of 3a and 1a appeared at week 3 and persisted for several weeks, until only genotype 1a could be detected. This patient had elevated ALT levels before transplantation. After onset of mixed infection, ALT levels increased further for several weeks, and returned to pretransplantation levels when only HCV 1a was found. HCV-infected kidneys transplanted into HCV-infected recipients gave 3 different virus patterns. Most patients benefitted in the short term, but some super-infected patients experienced increased liver damage.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Anderson, D, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of profile effects on high Q subignited Tokamak fusion plasmas
- 1998
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Ingår i: PHYSICA SCRIPTA. - : ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES. - 0281-1847. ; 58:3, s. 256-261
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An analysis is made of the maximum power multiplication factor Q, achievble in subignited Tokamak fusion plasmas where the burn is sustained by feedback controlled auxiliary heating. Using a 1-D model equation for the plasma temperature, simple analytical
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| 50. |
- Andersson, K, et al.
(författare)
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YopH of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis interrupts early phosphotyrosine signalling associated with phagocytosis.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Molecular Microbiology. - 0950-382X .- 1365-2958. ; 20:5, s. 1057-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PTPase YopH of Yersinia is essential to the ability of these bacteria to block phagocytosis. Wild-type Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, but not the yopH mutant strain, resisted phagocytosis by J774 cells. Ingestion of a yopH mutant was dependent on tyrosine kinase activity. Transcomplementation with wild-type yopH restored the anti-phagocytic effect, whereas introduction of the gene encoding the catalytically inactive yopHC403A was without effect. The PTPase inhibitor orthovanadate impaired the anti-phagocytic effect of the wild-type strain, further demonstrating the importance of bacteria-derived PTPase activity for this event. The ability to resist phagocytosis indicates that the effect of the bacterium is immediately exerted when it becomes associated with the phagocyte. Within 30 s after the onset of infection, wild-type Y. pseudotuberculosis caused a YopH-dependent dephosphorylation of phosphotyrosine proteins in J774 cells. Furthermore, interaction of the cells with phagocytosable strains led to a rapid and transient increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin and some other proteins, an event dependent on the presence of the bacterial surface-located protein invasin. Co-infection with the phagocytosable strain and the wild-type strain abolished the induction of tyrosine phosphorylation. Taken together, the present findings demonstrate an immediate YopH-mediated dephosphorylation of macrophage phosphotyrosine proteins, suggesting that this PTPase acts by preventing early phagocytosis-linked signalling in the phagocyte.
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