| 1. |
- Bryhn, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2019 : Resursöversikt
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fisken i havet är en resurs som rör sig fritt över nationella gränser. EU har därför en gemensam fiskeripolitik (GFP). Många arter som är viktiga för Sverige regleras inte i GFP och förvaltas därför nationellt.Denna rapport syftar till att:beskriva utvecklingen av fiskeripolitikenförklara den nuvarande politikens mål och regelverk och dess relation till mål och regler på miljöområdetförklara politikens nationella genomförande och det nationella handlingsutrymmetexemplifiera hur Havs- och vattenmyndigheten arbetat med att reglera fisket.
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| 2. |
- Bryhn, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2020 : Resursöversikt
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I rapporten kan du ta del av bedömningen som görs av situationen för bestånd som regleras inom ramen för EU:s gemensamma fiskeripolitik (GFP). Bedömningarna baseras på det forskningssamarbete och den rådgivning som sker inom det Internationella Havsforskningsrådet (ICES). Totalt redovisas underlag och råd för 48 fisk- och skaldjursarter.De bestånd som förvaltas nationellt baseras på de biologiska underlagen, och rådgivningen i huvudsak på den forskning och övervakning samt analys som bedrivs av Institutionen för akvatiska resurser vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU Aqua) samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Gottliebsen, Kristian, et al.
(författare)
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Limited evidence of benefits of patient operated intelligent primary care triage tools : findings of a literature review
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMJ Health & Care Informatics. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2632-1009. ; 27:1, s. 1-7
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction There is consistent evidence that the workload in general practices is substantially increasing. The digitalisation of healthcare including the use of artificial intelligence has been suggested as a solution to this problem. We wanted to explore the features of intelligent online triage tools in primary care by conducting a literature review.Method A systematic literature search strategy was formulated and conducted in the PubMed database and the Cochrane Library. Articles were selected according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results and data were systematically extracted and thematically analysed. 17 articles of that reported large multimethod studies or smaller diagnostic accuracy tests on clinical vignettes were included. Reviews and expert opinions were also considered.Results There was limited evidence on the actual effects and performance of triage tools in primary care. Several aspects can guide further development: concepts of system design, system implementation and diagnostic performance. The most important findings were: a need to formulate evaluation guidelines and regulations; their assumed potential has not yet been met; a risk of increased or redistribution of workloads and the available symptom checker systems seem overly risk averse and should be tested in real-life settings.Conclusion This review identified several features associated with the design and implementation of intelligent online triage tools in a primary care context, although most of the investigated systems seemed underdeveloped and offered limited benefits. Current online triage systems should not be used by individuals who have reasonable access to traditional healthcare. Systems used should be strictly evaluated and regulated like other medical products.
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| 5. |
- Johansson Östbring, Malin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a pharmaceutical care intervention on clinical outcomes and patient adherence in coronary heart disease : the MIMeRiC randomized controlled trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2261 .- 1471-2261. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In the treatment of coronary heart disease, secondary prevention goals are still often unmet and poor adherence to prescribed drugs has been suggested as one of the reasons. We aimed to investigate whether pharmaceutical care by a pharmacist at the cardiology clinic trained in motivational interviewing improves clinical outcomes and patient adherence.METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled, outcomes-blinded trial designed to compare pharmaceutical care follow-up with standard care. After standard follow-up at the cardiology clinic, patients in the intervention group were seen by a clinical pharmacist two to five times as required over seven months. Pharmacists were trained to use motivational interviewing in the consultations and they tailored their support to each patient's clinical needs and beliefs about medicines. The primary study end-point was the proportion of patients who reached the treatment goal for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by 12 months after discharge. The key secondary outcome was patient adherence to lipid-lowering therapy at 15 months after discharge, and other secondary outcomes were the effects on patient adherence to other preventive drugs, systolic blood pressure, disease-specific quality of life, and healthcare use.RESULTS: 316 patients were included. The proportion of patients who reached the target for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were 37.0% in the intervention group and 44.2% in the control group (P = .263). More intervention than control patients were adherent to cholesterol-lowering drugs (88 vs 77%; P = .033) and aspirin (97 vs 91%; P = .036) but not to beta-blocking agents or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors.CONCLUSIONS: Our intervention had no positive effects on risk factors for CHD, but it increased patient adherence. Further investigation of the intervention process is needed to explore the difference in results between patient adherence and medication effects. Longer follow-up of healthcare use and mortality will determine if the increased adherence per se eventually will have a meaningful effect on patient health.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02102503, 03/04/2014 retrospectively registered.
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| 6. |
- Johansson Östbring, Malin, 1980-
(författare)
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Pharmaceutical care in coronary heart disease
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: In coronary heart disease (CHD), pharmaceutical care implies that health care professionals cooperate with the patient to optimize drug therapy primarily for secondary prevention. Low adherence and discontinuation of drugs are common among patients with CHD, and this is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The achievement of guidelines-recommended treatment goals for risk factors is disappointingly low in secondary prevention.Aim: To study clinical and patient related aspects of pharmaceutical care for secondary prevention in patients with CHD.Method: A pharmacist used medication review and motivational interviewing to impact patients’ beliefs about medicines and adherence in a pilot study. This intervention was further developed and tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in 316 patients with verified CHD who were planned for follow-up at the cardiology clinic in Kalmar. The primary study outcome was the proportion ofpatients who reached the treatment goal for low-density lipoprotein (LDL)cholesterol. Patients’ adherence to cholesterol-lowering drugs according to a combination of refilled prescriptions and self-report was the key secondary outcome. In the RCT, pharmacists individualized both the dose and the content of thesupport based on the patient’s need. A process evaluation was planned alongside the trial to investigate implementation and mechanisms of impact such as pharmacists’ actions and effects on patients’ medication beliefs. In a separate qualitative study, we interviewed patients with CHD who had used their medicines for at least 12 months.Results: At 15 months follow-up of the RCT, the primary outcome measure did not differ between groups. The intervention improved patient adherence to cholesterol-lowering medicines; 88% vs 77% of the patients were adherent, possibly because the intervention lowered patients’ concerns about medicines. In 84% of the intervention patients at least one actual drug-related problem (DRP) was identified, and for 90% of those DRPs actions were taken to resolve the problems. Analyses of the interviews with patients revealed that patients´ experiences with medicines varied greatly - from trivial to troublesome – and these were classified into one of seven categories: a sense of security, unproblematic, learning to live with it, taking responsibility for it, somewhat uncertain, troublesome, or distressing.Conclusion: Pharmaceutical care improved the patients’ use of medicines in CHD but did not increase treatment goal achievement for LDL-cholesterol. Overall, the findings of this thesis emphasize that when support in managing medications is offered to patients, it should encompass various aspects of medicine-taking: safety, knowledge, beliefs, practical handling, impact on day-to-day life, and the patient’s medication experience.
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| 7. |
- Jäderlund Hagstedt, Lovisa, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on use of Video consultations in a Swedish Primary care setting
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th Scandinavian Conference on Health Informatics. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 9789179293444 ; , s. 212-213
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective is to describe how the uptake of online video consultations was affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, using data from a Swedish primary care setting. There seem to be a relationship between the use of video consultations and spread of Covid-19, especially in 2020 when the use varied more with the contagion waves. In 2021 the use was more consistent over time. In summary, the Covid-19 pandemic had a direct impact on the adoption of video consultations in our primary care setting, yet after the initial high use, it appears to have stabilized on a lower level.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Karlsson, Klas-Göran, et al.
(författare)
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The Armenian Genocide : Recent Scholarly Interpretations
- 2021
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Ingår i: Language and Society in the Caucasus : Understanding the Past, Navigating the Present - Understanding the Past, Navigating the Present. - 9789187439674 ; , s. 106-125
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Memišević, Alma, 1972-
(författare)
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Det undervisande fritidshemmet i lärandets tidevarv : En diskursanalytisk studie med fokus på de naturvetenskapliga och tekniska undervisningspraktikerna
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- School-age educare centres (SAEC) have traditionally been places with room for play and for the realization of children’s interests, initiatives, and needs. In recent years, there have been discursive shifts, where SAEC has moved from a social pedagogical arena towards an educational pedagogical one. This change is the focus of this dissertation’s study, which aims to contribute knowledge about how science and technology are expressed in SAEC teaching.The study is ethnographically inspired, and video observations and field notes, as well as formal and informal interviews have been used as data collection methods. The study has been conducted at three different SAEC with diverse conditions. One is located at a compulsory school for pupils with intellectual disabilities, one is an outdoor SAEC, and one is what could be described as an 'ordinary' SAEC that reflects contemporary conditions of SAEC; a large number of enrolled students, inadequate facilities, and a low proportion of staff with pedagogical training. Critical discourse analysis (CDA) in accordance with Norman Fairclough has been used as a theoretical and methodological framework.The study’s results indicate that there is a desire among SAEC staff to conduct goal-directed teaching, that is, to plan teaching in advance, based on the curriculum’s goals, to carry it out systematically so that all students have access to the teaching, and to base it on students’ interests. The results show the challenges that SAEC staff face in delivering the teaching. These include difficulties in finding time and space for teaching, getting students to want to participate, and getting them interested. Another challenge is the difficulty of implementing SAEC group-oriented approach within SAEC in compulsory school for pupils with intellectual disabilities. SAEC staff mostly rely on traditional teaching methods, mainly developed within the framework of the school. At the same time, the results show other ways of realizing the teaching mission, based on interdisciplinary and situation-based approaches.The results show tensions between tradition and renewal in SAEC practice. In previous research, this field of tension has been referred to as a struggle between an older social pedagogical tradition and a newer educational pedagogical tradition. This tension has arisen from political efforts to build a knowledge society with a strong focus on improving students’ academic performance and has contributed to focusing on SAEC as an attractive arena that has the potential to contribute to the school’s goal fulfilment; this risks blurring the differences and boundaries between school and SAEC, as well as between play and learning.
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| 12. |
- Määttä, Sylvia, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of co-producing person-centred and cohesive clinical pathways in the national system for knowledge-based management in Swedish healthcare : a qualitative study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Research Involvement and Engagement. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 2056-7529. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: When the 21 Swedish county councils decided to collaborate in the creation of a national system for knowledge-based management, patient participation was mandatory. Patient and next-of-kin representatives (PR) co-produced person-centred and cohesive clinical pathways together with healthcare professionals (HPR). Research on co-production in healthcare at the national level is scarce. The aim of this study is to explore experiences of patient participation from the perspectives of both PRs and HPRs when co-producing clinical pathways within the Swedish nationwide healthcare system for knowledge-based management.METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted. A strategic sample of nine PRs and eight HPRs were interviewed individually between August 2022 and January 2023 using a semi-structured interview guide. We analysed data using an inductive content analysis.RESULTS: Three main categories were identified: (1) Finding appropriate patient representativeness; (2) Working methods that facilitate a patient perspective; and (3) Influence of the patient perspective in the clinical pathways.CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates the importance of patient and next-of-kin participation in the construction of clinical pathways at the national level. The results provide a platform for further research on patient participation on the national level and add to studies on if and how patient participation on this level has an impact on how the clinical pathways are put into practice at the micro level, and the support provided at the meso level. The study contributes to the growing body of literature studying patient participation and co-production.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Region Örebro County ID 276,940. An advisory opinion was obtained from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (2021-05899-01).
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Petersson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Mistakes and Demise : Mikhail Gorbachev and the Dissolution of the Soviet Union
- 2020
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Ingår i: Mistakes, Errors and Failures Across Cultures. - Switzerland : Springer Nature. - 9783030355739 - 9783030355746 ; , s. 183-198
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter focuses on the final stage of the history of the Soviet Union, from 1985 to 1991, when the last Communist Party and Soviet state leader Mikhail Gorbachev tried to reform his country by making economic life more effective, widen the scope of political participation, open up history and culture for debate, and introduce a new, peaceful thinking in international affairs. Gorbachev wanted to save the Soviet system but ended up destroying it. His initially successful strategy of taking a middle-of-the road position to gain support worked well during the first years of reform, but the mid-position became successively narrower until it finally dissolved. Gorbachev’s increasingly desperate attempts to negotiate a new and revised union treaty led in 1991 to the failed August coup which, in turn, dealt the final death blow to the Soviet Union. By way of conclusion, political mistakes are often difficult to distinguish from failures caused by structural problems. As is illustrated by the case of Gorbachev and the Soviet Union, this is particularly salient in societies in which statist power and cultural patterns have traditionally played decisive roles in historical developments.
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| 15. |
- Petersson, Göran
(författare)
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Hållbar digitalisering för hälsan
- 2021
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Ingår i: Medicinsk informatik. - Stockholm : Liber. - 9789147134083 ; , s. 430-443
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Petersson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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On the role of forests and the forest sector for climate change mitigation in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: GCB Bioenergy. - : Wiley. - 1757-1707 .- 1757-1693. ; 14:7, s. 793-813
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyse the short- and long-term consequences for atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations of forest management strategies and forest product uses in Sweden by comparing the modelled consequences of forest resource use vs. increased conservation at different levels of GHG savings from carbon sequestration and product substitution with bioenergy and other forest products. Increased forest set-asides for conservation resulted in larger GHG reductions only in the short term and only when substitution effects were low. In all other cases, forest use was more beneficial. In all scenarios, annual carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration rates declined in conservation forests as they mature, eventually approaching a steady state. Forest set-asides are thus associated with increasing opportunity costs corresponding to foregone wood production and associated mitigation losses. Substitution and sequestration rates under all other forest management strategies rise, providing support for sustained harvest and cumulative mitigation gains. The impact of increased fertilization was everywhere beneficial to the climate and surpassed the mitigation potential of the other scenarios. Climate change can have large—positive or negative—influence on outcomes. Despite uncertainties, the results indicate potentially large benefits from forest use for wood production. These benefits, however, are not clearly linked with forestry in UNFCCC reporting, and the European Union's Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry carbon accounting, framework may even prevent their full realization. These reporting and accounting frameworks may further have the consequence of encouraging land set-asides and reduced forest use at the expense of future biomass production. Further, carbon leakage and resulting biodiversity impacts due to increased use of more GHG-intensive products, including imported products associated with deforestation and land degradation, are inadequately assessed. Considerable opportunity to better mobilize the climate change mitigation potential of Swedish forests therefore remains.
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| 18. |
- Qvarfordt, Maria, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Web-based education of the elderly improves drug utilization literacy : a randomized controlled trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: Health Informatics Journal. - : Sage Publications. - 1460-4582 .- 1741-2811. ; 27:1, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore the effects of web-based education in the field of drug utilization on elderly individuals’ knowledge of, concerns about and self-assessed understanding of drug utilization. The 260 included participants were randomized to a control group or an intervention group. To assess drug utilization literacy, we used a questionnaire containing 20 multiple-choice questions on drug utilization and ten statements about drug utilization (to which participants graded their response using a Likert scale: two about common concerns and eight about their self-assessed understanding of drug utilization). The Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire-General was also used. The intervention group scored higher on the knowledge questions (p < 0.001) and on six of the eight statements about self-assessed understanding of drug utilization at the first check after 2 weeks (p < 0.05). At a second check 6 months later, the difference remained for the knowledge questions, but there was no difference in self-assessed understanding of drug utilization between the groups. There were no differences in the concerns about drug utilization or beliefs about medication at any time. We conclude that a web-based education can improve drug utilization literacy in elderly individuals and might contribute to the safer use of medications.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Slavicek, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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SiC based charged particle strip sensor spectrometer with neutron detection capability
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - Bristol, GB. - 1748-0221. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Silicon carbide (SiC) devices have gained much attention owing to their superior characteristics that make them high-temperature and radiation-hard. The advantage of the SiC arises from its unique combination of electronic and physical properties such as a wide band-gap, high breakdown electric field strength, high saturated electron velocity, and high thermal conductivity. The wide band-gap results in a low intrinsic charge carrier concentration and a radiation hardness. The low intrinsic charge carrier concentration leads to low device leakages at high temperature. The high breakdown strength allows SiC devices to operate at much higher voltages. The aim of this publication is to present current status of a charged particle spectrometer based on a SiC strip detector. The sensor is made of a 4H-SiC (-SiC) hexagonal crystalline structure material which manifests good spectroscopic characteristics for charged particle detection similar to a standard silicon diode (20 keV FWHM with 5,4857MeV 241Am alpha particle). To obtain sensors for the charged particle detection out of the SiC bulk material we created Schottky contacts on the top and the Ohmic contact on the bottom. Preparation of the contacts will be discussed alongside the electric characterization of the sensor material. Results of the charged particle and the gamma detection and detection of thermal neutron detection (after a neutron converter deposition) will be presented. There will be also a discussion regarding fast neutron detection. The SiC sensor material was attached to a VATA GP8 based 128 strip readout to form the handheld spectrometer which will be demonstrated.
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