| 1. |
- Christiansen, Iben Maj, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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The crosscurrents of Swedish mathematics teacher education
- 2021
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Ingår i: International perspectives on mathematics teacher education. - Waxhaw, NC, USA : Information Age Publishing. - 9781648026317 - 9781648026294 - 9781648026300 ; , s. 9-48
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As with any programs in teacher education, Swedish mathematics teacher education is influenced by changing political winds, developments in Information and Communication Technology (ICT), culture, history, PISA results, research-based program designs, and a fair amount of passion. Content and outcomes are nationally determined and include the requirement of a strong research foundation, but this is often not how practcing techers work, which exerts its own pull on teacher education. The specific implementations of programs take different forms at the universities that offer mathematics teacher education. In order to provide a comprehensive yet meaningful ntroduction to both the current system and current practices, we describe the overall organization of Swedish mathematics teacher education, and then offer short cases of implemented programs. To ensure inclusivity, the various parts are written by mathematics educators from the respective institutions. In this way, both variation across mathematicas teacher education for diffrent grade levels and variation across different institutions working with the same national directives can be distinguished. Issues such as the academization of teacher education are problematized, as are other forces that constitute the crosscurrents in Swedish mathematics teacher education.
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| 2. |
- Magnusson, Monika, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Digitalisering av krisövning : Erfarenheter från CriseIT-projekten
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Genomförandet av övningar är en nyckel till stärkt förmåga att agera effektivt i kris. CriseIT-projekten har haft som mål att bidra till detta genom att skapa möjligheter för kommuner och andra aktörer med krisövningsbehov att öva enklare och oftare.Det finns en önskan om, och en medvetenhet om behoven av, att öva mer än vad som görs i nuläget i många organisationer. Digitala verktyg är ett sätt att göra det möjligt att öva oftare, med lägre resursåtgång och kortare tid för planering och genomförande. Corona-pandemin har ytterligare gjort det tydligt vilka möjligheter digitaliseringen innebär för att effektivisera processer som tidigare varit inramade av tids-och rumsbegränsningar –t.ex. övning.Denna rapport syftar till att på ett lättillgängligt sätt redogöra för och diskutera utmaningar och möjligheter med den digitala övningsprocessen, så som den kommit till uttryck i CriseIT-projekten, genom att beskriva metodiska arbetssätt för design, genomförande och utvärdering av digitala krisövningar samt några perspektiv på implementering av digital övningsmetodik i organisationer. Målgrupp för rapporten är den som arbetar med krisberedskap i offentlig eller privat verksamhet, och som önskar lära sig mer om möjligheten att digitalisera sin övningsprocess. Arbetsrapporten är del av resultatredovisning för CriseIT2.
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| 3. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 4. |
- Pettersson, Miriam, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Home phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates : an unblinded multicentre randomised controlled trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Örebro University's Nobel Day Festivities. - 9789187789922
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Objective: The aim of this study was to assess whether home phototherapy is a safe alternative to hospital treatment.Method: This was a randomised controlled, multicentre, trial in which term newborns with a total serum bilirubin of 300-400 μmol/ were randomized to either home phototherapy or conventional in-hospital phototherapy.The outcome measurements were parent-infant bonding, stress and measurements of safety and feasibility. A descriptive qualitative study based on interviews was performed as well as a health economic analysis.Result: 147 patients were recruited from 6 hospitals, Results showed no difference between groups in the safety and feasibility outcomes. Parents in the intervention group had better scores on bonding and lower levels of stress. The interviews showed that parents felt secure at home. The cost per patient was €337 for home phototherapy compared with €1156 for the hospital alternative indicating average cost savings of €819 or 71% per patient.Conclusion: Home phototherapy can be considered a safe and feasible alternative to hospital care for well selected patients. It improves bonding and stress for parents and reduces health care costs. Since the first publication from this study was published home phototherapy is now recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics as an alternative to hospital care for patients with uncomplicated hyperbilirubinemia.
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| 5. |
- Pettersson, Miriam, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Home phototherapy of term neonates improves parental bonding and stress : findings from a randomised controlled trial
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 111:4, s. 760-766
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: We aimed to evaluate whether in-home phototherapy for hyper bilirubinaemia could reduce the poorer parent-infant bonding and increased parental stress associated with neonatal hospital treatment.METHODS: In this multicentre randomised controlled trial we allocated families to either home phototherapy or standard hospital care. The primary outcome was parent-infant bonding measured on the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire directly after therapy and 4 months later. Secondary outcomes were results on four other instruments measuring parental bonding, quality of life, and mental health.RESULTS: We randomised 78 of 147 newborn infants to intervention and 69 to the control group. No significant differences were detected in length of stay, mean bilirubin, or weight gain. Parents in the intervention group had better scores on bonding both at discharge (p = 0.034) and at 4 months (p = 0.008; effect size r = 0.2) and lower levels of stress at 4 months (p = 0.024) than controls. No statistically significant outcomes were found for the secondary outcomes.CONCLUSION: In-home phototherapy improved bonding and reduced parental stress in comparison with usual in-hospital treatment. Caregivers should consider offering home phototherapy to families of non-immunised term infants with hyperbilirubinaemia.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Alfsnes, Kristian, et al.
(författare)
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Retrospective meta-transcriptomic identification of severe dengue in a traveller returning from Africa to Sweden, 1990
- 2021
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Ingår i: One Health. - : Elsevier. - 2352-7714. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pathogens associated with haemorrhagic fever commonly have zoonotic origins. The first documented imported case of likely viral severe haemorrhagic fever in Sweden occurred in 1990. Despite extensive study, no aetiological agent was identified. Following retrospective investigation with total RNA-sequencing of samples collected between 7 and 36 days from onset of symptoms we identified dengue virus 3 (DENV-3) and a human pegivirus (HPgV). We conclude that the patient likely suffered from haemorrhagic symptoms due to an atypical severe and undiagnosed dengue infection.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of lung tissue characterization in radiotherapy of breast cancer under deep inspiration breath hold when using Monte Carlo dosimetry
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physica medica (Testo stampato). - : Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica. - 1120-1797 .- 1724-191X. ; 90, s. 83-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate the sensitivity of Monte Carlo (MC) calculated lung dose distributions to lung tissue characterization in external beam radiotherapy of breast cancer under Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH). Methods: EGSnrc based MC software was employed. Mean lung densities for one hundred patients were analysed. CT number frequency and clinical dose distributions were calculated for 15 patients with mean lung density below 0.14 g/cm3. Lung volume with a pre-defined CT numbers was also considered. Lung tissue was characterized by applying different CT calibrations in the low-density region and air-lung tissue thresholds. Dose impact was estimated by Dose Volume Histogram (DVH) parameters. Results: Mean lung densities below 0.14 g/cm3 were found in 10% of the patients. CT numbers below −960 HU dominated the CT frequency distributions with a high rate of CT numbers at −990 HU. Mass density conversion approach influenced the DVH shape. V4Gy and V8Gy varied by 7% and 5% for the selected patients and by 9% and 3.5% for the pre-defined lung volume. V16Gy and V20Gy, were within 2.5%. Regions above 20 Gy were affected. Variations in air- lung tissue differentiation resulted in DVH parameters within 1%. Threshold at −990 HU was confirmed by the CT number frequency distributions. Conclusions: Lung dose distributions were more sensitive to variations in the CT calibration curve below lung (inhale) density than to air-lung tissue differentiation. Low dose regions were mostly affected. The dosimetry effects were found to be potentially important to 10% of the patients treated under DIBH.
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| 10. |
- Carlsson, Vanja, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Automated decision-making in the public sector
- 2023
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Ingår i: Handbook of Critical Studies of Artificial Intelligence. - : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781803928555 - 9781803928562 ; , s. 705-715
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The public sector and public administrations are important foundations in democratic states and an autonomous public sector that protects public principles is needed for a political system to be democratically legitimate. Here, efficiency, impartiality, equality, and transparency are central guiding principles and values. The introduction of automated decision-making (ADM) in the public sector affects traditional public principles and values in several ways. For example, transparency is a central challenge as the decisions are implemented by algorithms instead of humans and thus become more difficult to explain for the individual citizen. Also, equality has been put forward both as something that is gained through ADM, and as something that is at risk when ADM is implemented. This chapter provides an overview of the challenges that the implementation of ADM brings to the public sector, including transformations of public sector decisions, the discretion of civil servants, and democratic principles and values.
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| 11. |
- Christiansen, Iben, et al.
(författare)
-
Crosscurrents of Swedish Mathematics Teacher Education
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Perspectives on Mathematics Teacher Education. - Charlotte, North Carolina : Information Age Publishin (IAP).
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mathematics teacher education includes the mathematics content teachers need to understand, the ways that pedagogical approaches are developed, the messages about the nature of mathematics teaching and learning, and the interface between tertiary preparation and school contexts. Scholars from Sweden, France, Malawi, Singapore, New Zealand, Brazil, the USA, and Canada provide insights for the mathematics education community’s understanding of how teacher educators in different countries structure, develop, and implement their respective mathematics teacher education programs. Several themes emerged across the chapters, including: varied approaches to developing culturally responsive pedagogies and/or Indigenous perspectives to ensure equity for all students; issues and challenges in fostering partnerships and collaborations among various stakeholders, with partnerships involving connections with mathematics classroom teachers, school districts, and/or mathematicians or mathematics departments; strategies for developing mathematics knowledge for teaching, providing insights into messages about what it means to learn mathematics in terms of content and pedagogy; and preparing teachers who have flexibility and resourcefulness. This book will be of interest to those responsible for higher education, including teacher educators, researchers in mathematics teacher education, instructors of graduate courses preparing future teacher educators, as well as policy makers.
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| 12. |
- Englund, Johanna, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Deactivation of a Vanadium-Based SCR Catalyst Used in a Biogas-Powered Euro VI Heavy-Duty Engine Installation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Catalysts. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4344. ; 10:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated how the exhaust gases from a heavy-duty Euro VI engine, powered with biogas impact a vanadium-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst in terms of performance. A full Euro VI emission control system was used and the accumulation of catalyst poisons from the combustion was investigated for the up-stream particulate filter as well as the SCR catalyst. The NO(x)reduction performance in terms of standard, fast and NO2-rich SCR was evaluated before and after exposure to exhaust from a biogas-powered engine for 900 h. The SCR catalyst retains a significant part of its activity towards NO(x)reduction after exposure to biogas exhaust, likely due to capture of catalyst poisons on the up-stream components where the deactivation of the oxidation catalyst is especially profound. At lower temperatures some deactivation of the first part of the SCR catalyst was observed which could be explained by a considerably higher surface V4+/V(5+)ratio for this sample compared to the other samples. The higher value indicates that the reoxidation of V(4+)to V(5+)is partially hindered, blocking the redox cycle for parts of the active sites.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Haas, Jan, Ph.D, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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A vulnerability index for climate related risks in Sweden
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- <p>Social vulnerability is mostly described as specific social inequalities in the context of a disaster. Following this understanding, empirical research focuses on the unequal exposure of different groups to disasters and/or on the unequal capacities of groups to anticipate, cope and recover from the impact of a hazard. Although social vulnerability has recently gained attention in academia, Sweden lacks frameworks and indicators to assess it at a national level.</p><p>Following the large amount of publicly available data in Sweden, to address this gap, we present a method for quantifying social vulnerability to climate risks in Swedish municipalities. A large number of variables were collected and analyzed to create quantitative indicators that purport to measure a municipality&#8217;s vulnerability. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the information in the variables was reduced to a smaller number of components and socioeconomic vulnerability scores for each Swedish municipality. The factor analysis resulted in five components explaining more than 75% of the total variance. The resulting components and the final index are mapped for each municipality.</p><p>The results show that socio-economic vulnerability is not evenly distributed across Sweden. Apart from those findings the fact that some municipal clusters are much more vulnerable than others, the developed method is a useful tool for comparing socio-economic conditions among municipalities and for identifying susceptible municipalities which are likely to face significant challenges in coping with future natural hazard events.</p><p>Preliminary results show similar trends of social vulnerability to natural hazards at a highly resolved spatial level of aggregation as comparted to municipal levels. As studies on social vulnerability are often data-driven and thus performed on larger administrative aggregations, the sub-set of socio-economic variables from Statistics Sweden used in this study was found useful in our approach. In order to explore social vulnerability in conjunction with coastal and fluvial flood scenarios, an interactive web map was created with ArcGIS Dashboards.</p>
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| 16. |
- Haas, Jan, Ph.D, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Social sårbarhet för klimatrelaterade hot : Delstudie 2: Generella och hotspecifika index för social sårbarhet i Sverige
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport, som redovisar del 2 av projektet Social sårbarhet för klimatrelaterade hot, syftar till att ta fram ett generellt sårbarhetsindex för Sverige, men också specifika index för tre olika naturhot: översvämning (älv respektive kust), skogsbrand och ras/skred/erosion. För dessa specifika index har sårbarheten kombinerats med en bedömd exponering för de tre olika hoten. Analysen är gjord på kommun- och RegSO-nivå.
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| 17. |
- Hellström, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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A follow up on the feasibility after national implementation of magnesium sulfate for neuroprotection prior to preterm birth.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1600-0412 .- 0001-6349. ; 102:12, s. 1741-1748
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The risk for brain injury manifested as cerebral palsy is higher in very preterm born children than in term. Prenatal administration of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4 ) has been shown to be neuroprotective and reduces the proportion of very preterm born children later diagnosed with cerebral palsy. A Swedish national clinical practice guideline was implemented in March 2020, stipulating the administration of a single intravenous dose of 6g MgSO4 1-24h prior to delivery before gestational age 32+0, aiming for 90% treatment coverage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of this new clinical practice guideline in the first year of its implementation.Data on MgSO4 treatment were collected by reviewing the medical charts of women who gave birth to live born children in gestational age 22+0-31+6 during the period of March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021, at five Swedish university hospitals. Women with pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, or high elevated liver enzymes low platelets (HELLP) were excluded.A total of 388 women were eligible and 79% received treatment with MgSO4 . Of the 21% not receiving treatment, 9% did not receive treatment due to lack of knowledge about the clinical practice guideline, 9% were not possible to treat and 3% had missing data. The proportion treated increased from 72% to 87% from the first to the last 3months. Of those treated, 81% received the drug within the stipulated timeframe (mean 8.7h, median 3.4h).There was a positive trend over time in the proportion of women receiving MgSO4 treatment, but the a priori target of 90% was not reached during the first year of implementation. Our findings indicate that this target could be reached with additional information to clinicians.
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| 18. |
- Hoffman, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Association between guilds of birds in the African-Western Palaearctic region and the tick species Hyalomma rufipes, one of the main vectors of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Microorganisms. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2607. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The migratory behavior of wild birds contributes to the geographical spread of ticks and their microorganisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the dispersal and co-occurrence of Francisella and spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR) in ticks infesting birds migrating northward in the African-Western Palaearctic region (AWPR). Birds were trapped with mist nests across the Mediterranean basin during the 2014 and 2015 spring migration. In total, 575 ticks were collected from 244 birds. We screened the ticks for the species Francisella tularensis, the genus Francisella, and SFGR by microfluidic real-time PCR. Confirmatory analyses and metagenomic sequencing were performed on tick samples that putatively tested positive for F. tularensis during initial screenings. Hyalomma rufipes was the most common tick species and had a high prevalence of Francisella, including co-occurrence of Francisella and SFGR. Metagenomic analysis of total DNA extracted from two H. rufipes confirmed the presence of Francisella, Rickettsia, and Midichloria. Average nucleotide identity and phylogenetic inference indicated the highest identity of the metagenome-assembled genomes to a Francisella-like endosymbiont (FLE), Rickettsia aeschlimannii, and Midichloria mitochondrii. The results of this study suggest that (i) FLE- and SFGR-containing ticks are dispersed by northbound migratory birds in the AWPR, (ii) H. rufipes likely is not involved in transmission of F. tularensis in the AWPR, and (iii) a dual endosymbiosis of FLEs and Midichloria may support some of the nutritional requirements of H. rufipes.
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| 19. |
- Hoffman, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Co-occurrence of Francisella and spotted fever group Rickettsia in avian-associated Hyalomma rufipes
- 2022
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Ingår i: Microorganisms. - : MDPI. - 2076-2607. ; 10:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The migratory behaviour of wild birds aids in the geographical spread of ticks and their microorganisms. Ticks are known to harbor both pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria - such as species of the genera Francisella, Rickettsia,and Midichloria - and multiple bacterial species may occur within them. Francisella occurs in different tick taxa andconsists of closely related pathogenic and non-pathogenic species. Spotted fever group Rickettsia are transmitted to humans by different tick genera and are emerging human pathogens in Europe. The aims of this study were to investigate dispersal of Francisella as well as co-occurrence of Francisella and spotted fever group Rickettsia in ticks infesting northward migrating birds in the African-Western Palaearctic region.Materials and methods: Birds were trapped using mist nets at bird observatories in Spain, Italy, Greece, and Israel during their spring migration of 2014 and 2015. Ticks were screened for the genus Francisella, the species Francisella tularensis, and spotted fever group Rickettsia by microfluidic qPCR. Ticks with putative positive results for F. tularensiswere subjected to confirmation analyses, metagenomics analysis, enrichment, and whole genome sequencing.Results: There was a high prevalence of Francisella species (76.7%) and co-occurrence of Francisella species and spotted fever group Rickettsia (50.6%) in the tick species Hyalomma rufipes. Two H. rufipes yielded putative positive test results for the human pathogen F. tularensis during initial screening. Metagenomics analysis revealed presence of Francisella sp., Rickettsia sp., and Midichloria sp. DNA in the two H. rufipes ticks. The levels of Rickettsia and Midichloria DNA were relatively high while the level of Francisella DNA was low and required enrichment for the construction of metagenome-assembled genomes. Phylogenetic inference and calculations of the average nucleotide identity (ANI) indicated that: i) the Francisella genomes belonged to the Francisella-like endosymbiont (FLE) group in Clade 1 of Francisella and had highest sequence identity to an FLE found in Ornithodoros moubata (ANI: 96.7/97.0%), ii) the Rickettsia genomes had highest resemblance to Rickettsia aeschlimannii (ANI: 98.8 - 99.9%), and iii) the Midichloria genomes resembled Midichloria mitochondrii (ANI: 91.5 - 92.3%).Conclusions: The results of this study suggest ticks containing Francisella species, FLEs, and spotted fever groupRickettsia are dispersed by northbound migratory birds in the African-Western Palaearctic and suggest H. rufipes may not be involved in the transmission of F. tularensis in the study region. Future studies should aim at confirming the prevalence of Francisella spp. and spotted fever group Rickettsia in H. rufipes, in addition to focusing on the influence of FLEs on H. rufipes and their interaction with pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria of the genera Rickettsia and Midichloria.
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| 20. |
- Hoffman, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Co-Occurrence of Francisella, Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia, and Midichloria in Avian-Associated Hyalomma rufipes
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Microorganisms. - : MDPI. - 2076-2607. ; 10:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The migratory behavior of wild birds contributes to the geographical spread of ticks and their microorganisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the dispersal and co-occurrence of Francisella and spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR) in ticks infesting birds migrating northward in the African-Western Palaearctic region (AWPR). Birds were trapped with mist nests across the Mediterranean basin during the 2014 and 2015 spring migration. In total, 575 ticks were collected from 244 birds. We screened the ticks for the species Francisella tularensis, the genus Francisella, and SFGR by microfluidic real-time PCR. Confirmatory analyses and metagenomic sequencing were performed on tick samples that putatively tested positive for F. tularensis during initial screenings. Hyalomma rufipes was the most common tick species and had a high prevalence of Francisella, including co-occurrence of Francisella and SFGR. Metagenomic analysis of total DNA extracted from two H. rufipes confirmed the presence of Francisella, Rickettsia, and Midichloria. Average nucleotide identity and phylogenetic inference indicated the highest identity of the metagenome-assembled genomes to a Francisella-like endosymbiont (FLE), Rickettsia aeschlimannii, and Midichloria mitochondrii. The results of this study suggest that (i) FLE- and SFGR-containing ticks are dispersed by northbound migratory birds in the AWPR, (ii) H. rufipes likely is not involved in transmission of F. tularensis in the AWPR, and (iii) a dual endosymbiosis of FLEs and Midichloria may support some of the nutritional requirements of H. rufipes.
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| 21. |
- Jansson, Anna. K., et al.
(författare)
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Risk and mortality of testicular cancer in patients with neurodevelopmental or other psychiatric disorders
- 2023
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Nature. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 128:12, s. 2261-2269
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundBoth testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) and neurodevelopmental disorders are associated with urogenital malformations. Few studies have investigated the association between psychiatric disorders and TGCT. We investigated whether history of any psychiatric or neurodevelopmental disorder is associated with increased risk or mortality of TGCT.MethodThis is a nested case-control study including 6166 TGCT patients diagnosed during 1992-2014, individually matched for age and calendar period to 61,660 controls. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) for the association between type of psychiatric diagnoses and TGCT risk. Among the cases, we used a cohort design and calculated hazard ratios (HRs) of the association between psychiatric diagnose and all-cause and TGCT-specific death.ResultsHistory of a neurodevelopmental disorder (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disabilities) was associated with an increased risk of seminoma (OR: 1.54; 1.09-2.19). Seminoma patients with neurodevelopmental disorders were younger (34 versus 38 years, p = 0.004) and had more stage IV disease (5.4% versus 1.2%) than those without. Psychiatric history overall was not associated with TGCT. Patient history of any psychiatric disorder was associated with an increased all-cause and TGCT-specific death.ConclusionsWe report an association between neurodevelopmental disorders and testicular seminoma, and an increased TGCT-specific mortality for TGCT patients with psychiatric disorders.
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| 22. |
- Johansson, Jörgen, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Democratic Institutions Without Democratic Content?-New Regionalism and Democratic Backsliding in Regional Reforms in Sweden
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Political Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2673-3145. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to examine trends of democratic backsliding associated with the long standing reform work on regional institutions and policies in Sweden. To this end, democratic backsliding is conceptualized in a different manner compared to conventional understandings. By doing so, the article highlights a missing aspect in the research on democratic backsliding that concerns how well-intended reforms designed to strengthen democratic institutions can also harbor non-democratic consequences. In Sweden, a new political arena was created when the former county councils were transformed into so-called called regions in 2019. As part of this, the regions have been assigned responsibility for both health care and regional development planning. The overall research problem to be analyzed in this article focuses on the relations between the policy objectives for democracy and regionalist ideas of economic growth that both were central concerns in the reform processes. The results highlight how the governing rationalities in the regional reform processes have changed during the period between 1990 and 2020. The original conception of creating a mini-version of a liberal and representative democracy have turned into a form of democratic backsliding privileging economic goals. The economic rationalities that permeate the political sphere today close the space for articulated different interests and opinions-a dimension that we argue is crucial for any democratic society. We draw two main conclusions: First that the neoliberal aspect of governing is missing in the analysis of democracy at the regional level, resulting in a descriptive discussion of democracy that tend to ignore the effects of the particularly strong emphasis on economic growth. Secondly, that there is a lack of a discussion on democracy that takes the regional level into account, i.e., that the sub-national level should be regarded and thus discussed as a distinctive level of democracy.
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| 23. |
- Karagiorgos, Konstantinos, et al.
(författare)
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Index över social sårbarhet för klimatrelaterade risker i Sverige
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studien har tagit fram ett sårbarhetsindex på kommunal nivå i Sverige, baserat på 37 socio-ekonomiska variabler. Metoden som utvecklats i USA bygger på statistisk analys (PCA) och visualisering i ett GIS. Resultaten visar på tydliga regionala skillnader för social sårbarhet. Metoden behöver fortsatt utveckling, med studier för att öka förståelsen för vad som skapar sårbarhet i en svensk kontext.
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| 24. |
- Kumar, Sandeep, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of carrier density and mobility in Mn ion-implanted GaAs:Zn nanowires by Raman spectroscopy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nanotechnology. - Bristol : IOP Publishing. - 0957-4484 .- 1361-6528. ; 31:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fabrication of complex nanoscale electronics with reduced dimensions poses challenges on novel techniques to accurately determine fundamental electronic parameters. In this article, we present a universal contactless method based on Raman scattering for measuring the mobility and hole concentration independently in GaAs:Zn and Mn ion-implanted GaAs:Zn nanowires, potentially of great interest for spintronics applications. Clear coupled longitudinal optical phonon-plasmon modes were recorded and fitted with a dielectric function, based on the Drude model, which includes contributions from both plasmons and phonons. From the fitting, we extract accurate values of the plasma frequency and plasma damping constant from which we directly calculate the hole density and mobility, respectively. The extracted mobilities were also used as input data for analysis of complementary four-probe transport measurements, where the corresponding hole concentrations could be calculated and found to be in good agreement with those extracted directly from the Raman data. We also investigated the influence of annealing of the GaAs:Zn nanowires on the hole concentration and mobility and found strong indications of thermally activated defects related to a formed crystalline As/oxide shell around the nanowires. The method proposed here is extremely powerful for the characterization of nanoelectronics in general, and nanospintronics in particular for which Hall measurements are difficult to pursue due to problems related to contact formation, as well as to inherent magnetic properties of the devices.
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| 25. |
- Matovu, A., et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of groin hernia repairs in women and parity : a population-based cohort study among women born in Sweden between 1956 and 1983
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Hernia. - : Springer Nature. - 1265-4906 .- 1248-9204. ; 28:4, s. 1231-1238
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between parity and the incidence rate of groin hernia repair in women.Method: This study was based on two Swedish national registers, the Medical Birth Register (MBR), and the Swedish Hernia Register (SHR). The cohort constituted of women born between 1956 and 1983. Data on vaginal and cesarean deliveries were retrieved from the MBR. The birth and hernia registers were cross matched to identify hernia repairs carried out after deliveries.Results: A total of 1,535,379 women were born between 1956 and 1983. Among these, 1,417,237 (92.3%) were registered for at least one birth. The incidence rate for Inguinal Hernia Repair (IHR) and Femoral Hernia Repair (FHR) was 10.7 per 100,000 person-year and 2.6 per 100,000 person-year, respectively. Compared with women registered for one delivery, the incidence rate ratio for IHR was 1.31 (95% Confidence Interval: 1.23–1.40) among women registered for two deliveries, 1.70 (1.58–1.82) among women registered for ≥ 3 deliveries. Additionally, the incidence rate ratios were higher 1.30 (1.14–1.49) and 1.70 (1.49–1.95) for FHR among women with two and ≥ 3 registered deliveries, respectively.Conclusion: In the present cohort, higher parity was associated with a higher incidence of inguinal as well as FHRs.
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| 26. |
- Neequaye, David Amon, 1988, et al.
(författare)
-
Examining illicit networks in laboratory experiments with a preliminary focus on communication
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Legal and Criminological Psychology. - : Wiley. - 1355-3259 .- 2044-8333. ; 28:1, s. 150-164
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research introduces a web application, the bot orchestrator, to assist researchers in developing paradigms to examine illicit networks in experiments. We implemented the application and a new paradigm to create mock networks using strangers. The proof-of-concept experiment examined communication when networks plan illicit activities. Method Participants assumed the role of an illicit network member—either a manager, a coordinator or an executor. They held some information the group needed to accomplish either a material or ideological goal: communication between the roles was imperative for success. We also manipulated the level of risk associated with communicating about the planning activities. For half of the participants, there was a moderate risk of communicating about the plans. For the other half, the risk of such communication was high. The procedure allowed us to examine who a network member was willing to communicate with, given the goal under pursuit and the associated risk level. Results Although goal-type, risk level, and the Goal-type × Risk Interaction did not significantly predict communication decisions, a content analysis suggested that participants were attempting to navigate the risks while pursuing their goals. Participants employed diverse communication strategies: individual differences explained the most variance regarding how network members communicate. Conclusions We hope the web application and paradigm this research introduces will facilitate further experiments examining illicit networks.
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| 27. |
- Nordenström, Malin
(författare)
-
Colloidal interactions and arrested dynamics of cellulose nanofibrils
- 2020
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Over the past decades, concerns for the environment have increased and efforts to achieve a sustainable society have intensified. One particular challenge is to replace fossil-based plastics with biodegradable materials produced from renewable resources. Cellulose nanofibril (CNF)-based materials are strong candidates due to their excellent mechanical properties, nano-dimensions and molecular structure, which is suitable for modification. CNFs can be obtained from wood and are elongated, often charged, particles which are usually handled in aqueous dispersions. The colloidal stability is sensitive, and instability results in aggregation or transition to an arrested state. Since the properties of CNF-based materials rely on dispersion of the CNFs, an understanding of the colloidal behaviour is crucial.This work has focused on the interactions and dynamics of CNFs in different colloidal states. Arrested states of CNFs were studied in detail and it was found that two types of arrested state exist, with different colloidal interactions and mechanisms governing their formation. The dynamics in arrested and dispersed states were studied by tracer diffusion measurements, and it was found that small amounts of CNFs can constitute an excellent stabiliser for other particle dispersions according to a so far unexplored mechanism.The effects of altering the colloidal interactions using different strategies were also evaluated. The counterions of CNFs were exchanged and the impact on the swelling behaviour was measured. Based on the results, different contributions to the counterion-dependent interactions are discussed. Two strategies for using polymers to alter the interactions were furthermore studied. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was grafted to CNFs in order to increase the arrested state threshold concentration. PEG, carboxymethyl cellulose and lignin, were also used as additives which improved the redispersion of dried CNF, especially in the case of samples containing lignin.
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| 28. |
- Nordin, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Co-Combustion of Municipal Sewage Sludge and Biomass in a Grate Fired Boiler for Phosphorus Recovery in Bottom Ash
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI. - 1996-1073. ; 13:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phosphorus has been identified as a critical element by the European Union and recycling efforts are increasingly common. An important phosphorus-containing waste stream for recycling is municipal sewage sludge (MSS), which is used directly as fertilizer to farmland. However, it contains pollutants such as heavy metals, pharmaceutical residues, polychlorinated bi-phenyls (PCBs) and nano-plastics. The interest in combustion of MSS is continuously growing, as it both reduces the volume as well as destroys the organic materials and could separate certain heavy metals from the produced ashes. This results in ashes with a potential for either direct use as fertilizer or as a suitable feedstock for upgrading processes. The aim of this study was to investigate co-combustion of MSS and biomass to create a phosphorus-rich bottom ash with a low heavy metal content. A laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor in addition to an 8 MWth grate-boiler was used for the experimental work. The concentration of phosphorus and selected heavy metals in the bottom ashes were compared to European Union regulation on fertilizers, ash application to Swedish forests and Swedish regulations on sewage sludge application to farmland. Element concentrations were determined by ICP-AES complemented by analysis of spatial distribution with SEM-EDS and XRD analysis to determine crystalline compounds. The results show that most of the phosphorus was retained in the bottom ash, corresponding to 9-16 wt.% P2O5, while the concentration of cadmium, mercury, lead and zinc was below the limits of the regulations. However, copper, chromium and nickel concentrations exceeded these standards.
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| 29. |
- Olsson, David, et al.
(författare)
-
Building a Sustainable Society : Construction, Public Procurement Policy and 'Best Practice' in the European Union
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 13:13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainability and sustainable development are political and essentially contested social phenomena. Despite this ambiguity, they continue to hold a central position as apolitical concepts in much of social science and policy making. In Europe, public procurement is increasingly used as a tool to reach sustainability, a fact that actualizes an inherent tension between politically charged objectives on the one hand, and technological processes and market logics on the other. Therefore, in this article, we investigate this tension by studying policies relating to sustainable public procurement of the built environment in the EU. We argue that governing any policy domain entails the construction and representation of particular policy problems. Hence, we focus on how the 'problems' of sustainable public procurement are represented in EU policy guidance and best practice documents. Our analysis shows that these central policy documents are dominated by a problem representation where unsustainability is constructed as technical design flaws and market failure. This has the primary effect that it renders sustainable development as, primarily, a technical issue, and beyond politics. Therefore, we conclude that current policy reproduces 'weak' forms of sustainable development, where the practice is depoliticized and premised upon continued growth and innovation.
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| 30. |
- Olsson, David, et al.
(författare)
-
Buying a sustainable society : the case of public procurement in Sweden
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Local Environment. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1354-9839 .- 1469-6711. ; 25:9, s. 681-696
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we conduct a governmentality analysis of Swedish public procurement in order to show how the notion of sustainability is constructed in this circumstance. We argue that the mainstream approach to sustainability policy in most countries lies within capitalist market rationalities, thus making it crucial to study how such rationalities shape and represent the problems of unsustainability and how these “problems” limit the possibilities for politics and policy in practice. Furthermore, public procurement is a central instrument through which these rationalities are realised and maintained. Thus, the purpose is to examine how problems of unsustainability are represented through public procurement policy and the effects they constitute for the politics of sustainability. To this end we mobilise the Foucauldian based “what’s the problem represented to be” approach. As data, we use policy documents published with respect to public procurement in Sweden. Our findings show that the dominant problem representation constructs unsustainability as a market failure, limiting the possibilities for politics and policies of sustainability in several ways. This includes premising sustainability upon the continued expansion of capitalism; constituting the agents of change as apolitical actors; making sustainability a voluntary ambition for the procuring organisations; and constructing the legitimate claim to earth’s resources and sinks as a matter of purchasing power, with important implications for environmental justice. However, our analysis also shows a tension in the material creating openings for a politicisation of the representations of sustainability.
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| 31. |
- Padden, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
-
Protected how? : Problem representations of risk in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Critical Policy Studies. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1946-0171 .- 1946-018X. ; 15:4, s. 486-503
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How we choose to utilize digital technology has the potential to undermine the healthy functioning of democratic systems. Surveillance practices such as the tracking, collection and profiling of our online and real-world behavior pose a direct challenge to privacy rights and democratic freedoms such as fairness and anti-discrimination. This paper aims to understand how the GDPR represents risk and, in turn, how that representation shapes protection. Using Carol Bacchi's 'What's the Problem Represented to Be?' (WPR) approach to policy analysis, we illustrate how the GDPR's dual aims of protecting both people and the free flow of personal data exist in a state of tension and that the GDPR's framing of 'public interest' privileges economic growth over individual rights. Also problematic is the assumption that people are sufficiently informed to exercise control over their data, yet are being asked to agree to practices which may undermine that very autonomy.
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| 32. |
- Pettersson, Andreas, 1973-
(författare)
-
Att kunna ”leva som andra”? Kritiska funktionshinderrättsliga slutsatser utifrån HFD:s rättstillämpning avseende mål om personlig assistans enligt LSS
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Förvaltningsrättslig Tidskrift. - : Förvaltningsrättslig tidskrift. - 0015-8585. ; :3, s. 371-392
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spelar lagstiftningen och den normativa rättskälleläran någon roll i svensk socialrätt? I en kritisk granskning av mål om rätt till personlig assistans enligt LSS konstaterar Andreas Pettersson att Högsta förvaltningsdomstolen inte tillämpar lagstiftningen på det sätt som lagstiftaren har angivit i förarbetena. Den överordnade principen om att den funktionshindrade ska kunna leva som andra får stå tillbaka och tillämpas inte, trots att principen är lagfäst och att förarbetena ger klar och tydlig vägledning. Vad händer med socialrätten och funktionshinderjuridiken när Högsta förvaltningsdomstolen inte följer och respekterar de traditionella rättskällorna? I genomgången av mål om rätten till personlig assistans väcks allvarliga frågor om rättssäkerhet och förutsebarhet för enskilda.
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| 33. |
- Pettersson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparative Effectiveness of Different Radical Radiotherapy Treatment Regimens for Prostate Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study.
- 2020
-
Ingår i: JNCI cancer spectrum. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2515-5091. ; 4:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is unclear which radiotherapy technique and dose fractionation scheme is most effective in decreasing the risk of prostate cancer death.We conducted a population-based cohort study among 15164 men in the Prostate Cancer database Sweden (version 4.0) treated with primary radical radiotherapy for prostate cancer in Sweden from 1998 to 2016. We calculated hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between the following exposure groups and outcome: conventionally fractionated external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) to 78Gy (39 × 2Gy), EBRT combined with high dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) (25 × 2Gy + 2 × 10Gy), conventionally fractionated EBRT to 70Gy (35 × 2Gy), and moderately hypofractionated (M-HF) dose-escalated EBRT (29 × 2.5Gy or 22 × 3Gy).Of the men, 7296 received conventionally fractionated EBRT to 78Gy, 4657 EBRT combined with HDR-BT, 1672 conventionally fractionated EBRT to 70Gy, and 1539M-HF EBRT. Using EBRT to 78Gy as the reference, the multivariable hazard ratios (95% CIs) of prostate cancer death was 0.64 (0.53 to 0.78) for EBRT combined with HDR-BT, 1.00 (0.80 to 1.27) for EBRT to 70Gy, and 1.51 (0.99 to 2.32) for M-HF EBRT. The multivariable hazard ratios (95% CIs) for death from any cause were 0.79 (0.71 to 0.88), 0.99 (0.87 to 1.14), and 1.12 (0.88 to 1.42), respectively. The lower risk of prostate cancer death comparing EBRT combined with HDR-BT with conventionally fractionated EBRT to 78Gy was more pronounced for men with high-risk or poorly differentiated tumors.In this study, EBRT combined with HDR-BT was the most effective radiotherapy treatment regimen, especially for poorly differentiated tumors. Randomized trials comparing EBRT combined with HDR-BT with dose-escalated EBRT should be a priority.
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| 34. |
- Pettersson, Andreas, 1973-
(författare)
-
Den svenska rätts(o)säkerheten
- 2022. - 1
-
Ingår i: Bortom systemskiftet. - Stockholm : Verbal förlag. - 9789189155916 ; , s. 278-297
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Pettersson, Andreas, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
Studie av social sårbarhet för klimatrelaterade risker : Delstudie 1: Litteraturstudie om social sårbarhet i Norden
- 2022
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Att förstå och sätta mått på sårbarheter hos människor och samhälle är centralt för att reducera risker. I denna rapport utforskas social sårbarhet för olika klimathot i Norden i tre delar: en litteraturstudie av den vetenskapliga kunskapen i en nordisk kontext, en sammanställning av grå litteratur inom området, och ett speciellt fokuskapitel som belyser rättvisedimensionen kopplat till social sårbarhet.
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| 40. |
- Pettersson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Curriculum policy making by control, prediction, and comparison
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Education between Hope and Happening – Developing Powerful Curriculum Theorizing in Challenging Times, 9:e Nordiska Läroplansteorikonferensen, Linnéuniversitetet, 20-21 oktober 2022, Abstracts. - : Linnéuniversitetet. ; , s. 11-12
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Taming chance in education has become one of the top priorities in curriculum policy making. Inthis presentation we ask the explorative question; how come we ended up here? There is of courseno easy answer to such a question. We acknowledge three notions of importance in understandingthe political quest for taming chance in education. These are control, prediction, and comparison.At first, they may seem like ordinary concepts but by historicizing on them we are trying toillustrate that they in no sense of the word are everyday concepts, rather they come embedded in ahistorically developed reasoning on education with a story to tell on how to tame chance ineducation. Here we make use of Tröhlers (2011) concept of “languages of education” to betterunderstand how people have come to share convictions identifying some social phenomenon aseducational issues. We use the reauthorization of the American No Child Left Behind Act, theinternational firm of McKinsey & Company and the OECD as empirical examples in our discussionof the contemporary international language of education. What is demonstrated in the differentexamples is that they all in some respect direct their communication to an audience, and that they,for being successful, must align to a contemporary language built around concepts such as,accountability, test, efficacy, effectiveness, achievements, assessments, measurements, inclusion,best-practice and evidence. Furthermore, this is a language built around specifically designednumbers (cf. Porter, 1995) and images such as graphs, tables, and spreadsheets (cf. Halpern, 2014).We argue that this is a language that comes with a story based on a desire to tame chance ineducation.In addition, our examination shows that the notions under scrutiny are also attached with, whatwe refer to as, addendums for legitimacy. These addendums for legitimacy are in turn connected to highly prized qualities within science and society on how to ‘tell the truth’ and how to make useof trustworthy knowledge. The addendums we observe as being attached to our notions areobjectivity, certainty, and applicability. As for objectivity we follow the historical development ofthe addendum and show how objectivity instantiated into society and science came to beinterpreted as the rule of law instead of men (Porter, 1995) where the rule of law implies asubordination of personal interests and prejudices to public standards. As for certainty, we arguethat the strivings to transform uncertainties into certainties derives from a human wish toinfluence, control, and predict the present as well as the future (Hacking, 1990). Finally, we followthe historical lines of the addendum applicability up until its current accentuation within thecurriculum policy discourse of ‘what works’.Based on our examination we conclude with a critical discussion about the contemporary strivesto tame chance in education through control, predication and comparison and its consequences foreducational research and practice.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Pettersson, Daniel, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Taming chance in education : Control, prediction and comparison
- 2024
-
Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- This volume centres the notion of "chance" in education as a key concept in contemporary education – relating to aspects like accountability, datafication, or international large-scale assessments – and discusses the impact that the historical desire to "tame" this notion has had on present-day educational policy and practice.Encouraging readers to widen their educational imagination, chapters combine secondary research from the fields of cybernetics, systems thinking, and comparative education with issues of control, prediction, and comparison as ways to tame chance in education. Using the theoretical lenses of reasoning, notions, and addendums for legitimacy to foster a critical awareness of rarely discussed educational matters, the book explores how these notions are central to the taming of chance within education. Ultimately, the authors determine the styles of reasoning that are foundational and frame how we think about, and act on, education, and thereby address one of the top priorities in educational policy, politics, and practice today.This timely book, with its unique perspective on the debates around education, will be of interest to students, researchers, and scholars in the fields of education policy and politics, international and comparative education, and theory of education. Those involved with the philosophy of education will also find the book valuable.
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| 43. |
- Pettersson, Miriam, et al.
(författare)
-
Home phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates : an unblinded multicentre randomised controlled trial
- 2023
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThere are a few previous studies on home phototherapy but there is a lack of randomised controlled trials. The aim of this study was therefore to assess whether home phototherapy is a safe and effective alternative to hospital treatment and whether it has an impact on bonding and stress. MethodsThis was a randomised controlled, multicentre, trial in which newborns with a total serum bilirubin of 18-24 mg/dl (300-400 µmol/) were randomized to either home phototherapy or conventional in-hospital phototherapy. The inclusion criteria were a chronological age of more than 48 hours, a gestational age above 36 +0 weeks and a bilirubin above 20.5 mg/dl (350 µmol/L) after 72 hours of age. After inclusion, the patients were randomised, to either home phototherapy or hospital treatment.Results147 patients were recruited from 6 hospitals, 69 patients were randomized to conventional phototherapy and 78 to home phototherapySafety/feasabilityThe duration of phototherapy, length of stay, amount of blood tests and weight change showed no statistically significant differences between hospital and home phototherapy (table 2). However, home treatment failed in three patients and the total readmission rate was 4 %. It is recommended to provide daily check-ups and 24/7 telephone support to the parents.Bonding and stressParents in the intervention group had better bonding both at discharge (p = 0.034) and at 4 months (p = 0.008; effect size r = 0.2) and lower levels of stress at 4 months (p = 0.024) compared with controls.CostThe cost was €337 per patient for home phototherapy compared with €1156 for the hospital alternative indicating average cost savings of €819 (95% confidence interval €613–1025) or 71% per patient.Descriptive qualitative studyA total of 15 interviews were performed (8 mothers, 7 fathers).The interviews showed that parents felt secure at home. The overall experience of home phototherapy was positive, and five categories were identified describing their experiences: continuing life at home, adjusting to having a newborn, feeling secure, experiencing parenthood, and accessing information.
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| 44. |
- Pettersson, Miriam, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Home phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia in term neonates : an unblinded multicentre randomized controlled trial
- 2021
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Pediatrics. - : Springer. - 0340-6199 .- 1432-1076. ; 180:5, s. 1603-1610
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess whether home phototherapy was feasible and safe in a cohort of otherwise healthy term-born neonates who fulfilled the criteria for in-hospital phototherapy. This was a randomized controlled trial in which term newborns with a total serum bilirubin of 18–24 mg/dL (300–400 μmol) were randomized to either home phototherapy or conventional in-hospital phototherapy. The primary outcome measurements were safety and efficacy, length of stay and the number of failed treatments. The secondary outcomes were the number of blood samples and weight gain during treatment. One hundred forty-seven patients were recruited, 69 patients randomized to conventional phototherapy and 78 to home phototherapy. The results showed that no patients needed blood exchange and only 4% of the patients allocated to home phototherapy were admitted to the hospital. The duration of phototherapy, length of stay, amount of blood tests and weight change showed no statically significant differences.Conclusion: Home phototherapy could be a safe alternative to inpatient phototherapy for otherwise healthy newborns with hyperbilirubinemia if daily checkups and 24/7 telephone support can be provided. The parents should be informed to contact the hospital immediately if they fail to perform the treatment at home.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Pettersson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Limited Parallelism in Genetic Adaptation to Brackish Water Bodies in European Sprat and Atlantic Herring
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Genome Biology and Evolution. - : Oxford University Press. - 1759-6653. ; 16:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European sprat is a small plankton-feeding clupeid present in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean, in the Mediterranean Sea, and in the brackish Baltic Sea and Black Sea. This species is the target of a major fishery and, therefore, an accurate characterization of its genetic population structure is crucial to delineate proper stock assessments that aid ensuring the fishery's sustainability. Here, we present (i) a draft genome assembly, (ii) pooled whole genome sequencing of 19 population samples covering most of the species' distribution range, and (iii) the design and test of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-chip resource and use this to validate the population structure inferred from pooled sequencing. These approaches revealed, using the populations sampled here, three major groups of European sprat: Oceanic, Coastal, and Brackish with limited differentiation within groups even over wide geographical stretches. Genetic structure is largely driven by six large putative inversions that differentiate Oceanic and Brackish sprats, while Coastal populations display intermediate frequencies of haplotypes at each locus. Interestingly, populations from the Baltic and the Black Seas share similar frequencies of haplotypes at these putative inversions despite their distant geographic location. The closely related clupeids European sprat and Atlantic herring both show genetic adaptation to the brackish Baltic Sea, providing an opportunity to explore the extent of genetic parallelism. This analysis revealed limited parallelism because out of 125 independent loci detected in the Atlantic herring, three showed sharp signals of selection that overlapped between the two species and contained single genes such as PRLRA, which encodes the receptor for prolactin, a freshwater-adapting hormone in euryhaline species, and THRB, a receptor for thyroid hormones, important both for metabolic regulation and the development of red cone photoreceptors.
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| 47. |
- Pettersson, Miriam, 1977-
(författare)
-
Routine procedures in the care of the full-term newborn
- 2021
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis presents four studies on routine procedures used in the care of the full-term newborn. The overall aim of the thesis was to study the effects of these routines and endeavour to find ways to improve them.Study I, an observational study, included 28 healthy newborns, assessing pain during neonatal hip examination. Pain was assessed using Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised (PIPP-R), near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and galvanic skin response (GSR). The results showed that the pain scores and NIRS and GSR readings were significantly higher for hip examination than for the heart auscultation indicating that neonatal hip examinations are painful.Study II was as a double blind, randomized controlled trial (99 patients included) evaluating whether oral sweet solution has a pain relieving effect during neonatal hip examination. Total crying time, crying time during the hip examination, ALPS-Neo and VAS (when assessed by the physician) were all significantly decreased in the group of infants receiving glucose, the conclusion drawn from this is that oral sweet solution seems to have a painrelieving effect during neonatal hip examination.Study III and IV were based on a multicenter randomized controlled study, where 147 patients from 6 hospitals were included. Study III evaluated whether home phototherapy could be a feasible and safe alternative to in hospital phototherapy for term newborns. The results showed that home phototherapy could be a safe alternative to inpatient phototherapy for otherwise healthy newborn infants with hyperbilirubinemia if daily check-ups and 24/7 telephone support can be provided.Study IV, examined parent’s experiences of home phototherapy (n=15) using a qualitative design. The study showed that the overall experience was positive and that parents expressed a sense of feeling safe with managing the treatment at home. They also felt that the ability to provide phototherapy at home helped them to adapt to everyday life and enhanced their positive experience of parenthood.
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| 48. |
- Pettersson, Miriam, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
The cost‑effectiveness of home phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates : results from a randomized controlled trial
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to establish the cost‑effectiveness of home phototherapy versus hospitalphototherapy treating hyperbilirubinemia in neonates more than 36 weeks. Based on clinical resultsfrom a randomised controlled trial showing that home phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia in termneonates is as effective as hospital phototherapy, we performed a cost‑minimisation analysis toidentify the most cost‑effective alternative. We included costs for health care resource use as wellas costs for transportation in connection with re‑visits. The cost per patient was €337 for homephototherapy compared with €1156 for the hospital alternative indicating average cost savingsof €819 (95% confidence interval €613–1025) or 71% per patient. Transportation and outpatientcosts were higher in the home treatment group and hospital care costs were higher in the hospitalgroup. Sensitivity analysis shows that results are robust also when allowing for uncertainty. Homephototherapy for neonates more than 36 weeks costs less than in‑hospital phototherapy whilebeing equally effective, meaning that home phototherapy is a cost‑effective alternative to hospitaltreatment for infants with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
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| 49. |
- Pettersson, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
-
Correlations between the structure and the vibrational spectrum of the phosphate group. Implications for the analysis of an important functional group in phosphoproteins
- 2020
-
Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2046-2069. ; 10:8, s. 4715-4724
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Density functional theory calculations were used to establish correlations between the structure and the vibrational spectrum of the phosphate group in model compounds for phosphorylated amino acids. The model compounds were acetyl phosphate, methyl phosphate, and p-tolyl phosphate, which represented the phosphorylated amino acids aspartyl phosphate, serine or threonine phosphate, and tyrosine phosphate, respectively. The compounds were placed in different environments consisting of one or several HF or H2O molecules, which modeled interactions of phosphorylated amino acids in the protein environment. The calculations were performed with the B3LYP functional and the 6-311++G(3df, 3pd) basis set. In general, the wavenumbers (or frequencies) of the stretching vibrations of the terminal P-O bonds correlated better with bond lengths of the phosphate group than with its bond angles. The best correlations were obtained with the shortest and the mean terminal P-O bond lengths with standard deviations from the trend line of only 0.2 pm. Other useful correlations were observed with the bond length difference between the shortest and longest terminal P-O bond and with the bond length of the bridging P-O bond.
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| 50. |
- Pettersson, Paula Kelly, et al.
(författare)
-
The identification of adverse events in hip fracture patients using the Global Trigger Tool : A prospective observational cohort study.
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Orthopaedic and Trauma Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-1241 .- 1878-1292.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Hip fracture is common in the elderly and is associated with high comorbidity, mortality and complication rates. There has been an increase in the investigation of healthcare-related adverse events (AEs) in some patient groups but there is limited knowledge about hip fracture patients. The aim was to explore the incidence, preventability and nature of AEs in hip fracture patients.METHODS: One hundred and sixty three hip fracture patients participated. A record review was conducted of prospectively collected data using Global Trigger Tool methodology to identify AEs up to 90 days after surgery.RESULTS: Sixty two (38.0%) of 163 patients had at least one AE (range 1-7). One hundred and two AEs were identified and 62 (60.8%) were deemed preventable. Healthcare-associated infections e.g. pneumonia, urinary tract infections and pressure ulcers were common. AEs were more common in older patients and those with pre-existing health conditions. Fifty eight (56.9%) AEs caused temporary harm and 4 (3.9%) contributed to patient death.CONCLUSION: AEs are common in hip fracture patients and most are preventable. If the focus is on improving healthcare for these patients, we should be concentrating our efforts on reducing the number of these preventable AEs, with a particular emphasis on improving the care of older patients with pre-existing health conditions.
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