| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Palafox, B., et al.
(författare)
-
Does greater individual social capital improve the management of hypertension? Cross-national analysis of 61 229 individuals in 21 countries
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Bmj Global Health. - : BMJ. - 2059-7908. ; 2:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Social capital, characterised by trust, reciprocity and cooperation, is positively associated with a number of health outcomes. We test the hypothesis that among hypertensive individuals, those with greater social capital are more likely to have their hypertension detected, treated and controlled. Methods Cross-sectional data from 21 countries in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study were collected covering 61 229 hypertensive individuals aged 35-70 years, their households and the 656 communities in which they live. Outcomes include whether hypertensive participants have their condition detected, treated and/or controlled. Multivariate statistical models adjusting for community fixed effects were used to assess the associations of three social capital measures: (1) membership of any social organisation, (2) trust in other people and (3) trust in organisations, stratified into high-income and low-income country samples. Results In low-income countries, membership of any social organisation was associated with a 3% greater likelihood of having one's hypertension detected and controlled, while greater trust in organisations significantly increased the likelihood of detection by 4%. These associations were not observed among participants in high-income countries. Conclusion Although the observed associations are modest, some aspects of social capital are associated with better management of hypertension in low-income countries where health systems are often weak. Given that hypertension affects millions in these countries, even modest gains at all points along the treatment pathway could improve management for many, and translate into the prevention of thousands of cardiovascular events each year.
|
|
| 4. |
- Ginsburg, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Dense gas in the Galactic central molecular zone is warm and heated by turbulence
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 586, s. Art nr A50-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. The Galactic center is the closest region where we can study star formation under extreme physical conditions like those in high-redshift galaxies. Aims. We measure the temperature of the dense gas in the central molecular zone (CMZ) and examine what drives it. Methods. We mapped the inner 300 pc of the CMZ in the temperature-sensitive J = 3-2 para-formaldehyde (p-H2CO) transitions. We used the 3(2,1)-2(2,0)/3(0,3)-2(0,2) line ratio to determine the gas temperature in n similar to 10(4) - 10(5) cm(-3) gas. We have produced temperature maps and cubes with 30 0 0 and 1 km s(-1) resolution and published all data in FITS form. Results. Dense gas temperatures in the Galactic center range from similar to 60 K to > 100 K in selected regions. The highest gas temperatures T-G > 100 K are observed around the Sgr B2 cores, in the extended Sgr B2 cloud, the 20 km s(-1) and 50 km s(-1) clouds, and in "The Brick" (G0.253 + 0.016). We infer an upper limit on the cosmic ray ionization rate zeta(CR)
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Nyenswah, TG, et al.
(författare)
-
Ebola and Its Control in Liberia, 2014-2015
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Emerging infectious diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6059 .- 1080-6040. ; 22:2, s. 169-177
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Premeaux, Thomas A, et al.
(författare)
-
Elevated cerebrospinal fluid Galectin-9 is associated with central nervous system immune activation and poor cognitive performance in older HIV-infected individuals.
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of neurovirology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1538-2443 .- 1355-0284. ; 25:2, s. 150-161
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We previously reported that galectin-9 (Gal-9), a soluble lectin with immunomodulatory properties, is elevated in plasma during HIV infection and induces HIV transcription. The link between Gal-9 and compromised neuronal function is becoming increasingly evident; however, the association with neuroHIV remains unknown. We measured Gal-9 levels by ELISA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of 70 HIV-infected (HIV+) adults stratified by age (older >40years and younger <40years) either ART suppressed or with detectable CSF HIV RNA, including a subgroup with cognitive assessments, and 18 HIV uninfected (HIV-) controls. Gal-9 tissue expression was compared in necropsy brain specimens from HIV- and HIV+ donors using gene datasets and immunohistochemistry. Among older HIV+ adults, CSF Gal-9 was elevated in the ART suppressed and CSF viremic groups compared to controls, whereas in the younger group, Gal-9 levels were elevated only in the CSF viremic group (p<0.05). CSF Gal-9 positively correlated with age in all groups (p<0.05). CSF Gal-9 tracked with CSF HIV RNA irrespective of age (β=0.33; p<0.05). Higher CSF Gal-9 in the older viremic HIV+ group correlated with worse neuropsychological test performance scores independently of age and CSF HIV RNA (p<0.05). Furthermore, CSF Gal-9 directly correlated with myeloid activation (CSF-soluble CD163 and neopterin) in both HIV+ older groups (p<0.05). Among HIV+ necropsy specimens, Gal-9 expression was increased in select brain regions compared to controls (p<0.05). Gal-9 may serve as a novel neuroimmuno-modulatory protein that is involved in driving cognitive deficits in those aging with HIV and may be valuable in tracking cognitive abnormalities.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
