| 1. |
- Alhamimi, Said, et al.
(författare)
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Alterations in the plasma metabolite profile associated with improved hepatic function and glycemia in mice fed lingonberry supplemented high-fat diets
- 2017
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Ingår i: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research. - : Wiley. - 1613-4125. ; 61:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scope: Lingonberries have been shown to reduce the detrimental effects of high-fat diet (HFD) on weight gain, plasma glucose, and inflammation. However, the extent of effects was recently shown to vary between different batches of berries. Here, we examine the metabolic response to two independent batches of lingonberries. Methods and results: Alterations in the phenotype and circulating metabolome elicited by three matched HFDs, two of which containing lingonberries (L1D and L2D) from different sources, were investigated. Glycemia was improved only in mice fed L1D, whereas liver function was improved and inflammation reduced in mice fed both L1D and L2D, compared to mice fed HFD. The unique improvement in glycemia elicited by L1D was associated with a 21% increase in circulating levels of fatty acids. Increased levels of phosphatidylcholines (62%) and lysophosphatidylcholines (28%) and decreased levels of serine (−13%) and sphingomyelins (−26%) were observed in mice fed L1D and L2D, as compared to HFD. Conclusion: The unique improvement in glycemia in mice fed L1D was associated with a normal metabolic control with an altered set point. Moreover, the batch-independent reduction in liver steatosis and inflammation, was associated with an altered sphingomyelin metabolism.
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| 2. |
- Cindya Zanzer, Yoghatama, et al.
(författare)
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Polyphenol-rich spice-based beverages modulated postprandial early glycaemia, appetite and PYY after breakfast challenge in healthy subjects : A randomized, single blind, crossover study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Functional Foods. - : Elsevier BV. - 1756-4646. ; 35, s. 574-583
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spices are rich in distinct polyphenols which might act on the gut by inhibiting glucose uptake and modulating appetite responses. To investigate this hypothesis, healthy adults were randomly assigned to receive isovolumetric (220 ml) spice-based (contained total polyphenol concentration to 185 mg gallic-acid equivalents) or control beverages followed by a standard bread breakfast containing 50 g available carbohydrates in a cross-over trial. Postprandial glucose, insulin, PYY and appetite responses were evaluated. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS) was used for polyphenols profiling. Cinnamon and turmeric lowered early blood glucose increment up to 45 min compared to control. Turmeric increased p-PYY and lowered ‘desire to eat’ and ‘prospective consumption (quantity of food wanted to it)’ compared to control. By offering appetite modulation and glucose lowering effects, certain spices (e.g. turmeric and cinnamon) may be important in lowering cardiometabolic risk.
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| 3. |
- Nilsson, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a mixed berry beverage on cognitive functions and cardiometabolic risk markers; A randomized cross-over study in healthy older adults
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Berries and associated bioactive compounds, e.g. polyphenols and dietary fibre (DF), may have beneficial implications with respect to the metabolic syndrome, including also cognitive functions. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects on cognitive functions and cardiometabolic risk markers of 5 wk intervention with a mixture of berries, in healthy humans. Methods: Forty healthy subjects between 50–70 years old were provided a berry beverage based on a mixture of berries (150g blueberries, 50g blackcurrant, 50g elderberry, 50g lingonberries, 50g strawberry, and 100g tomatoes) or a control beverage, daily during 5 weeks in a randomized crossover design. The control beverage (water based) was matched with respect to monosaccharides, pH, and volume. Cognitive tests included tests of working memory capacity, selective attention, and psychomotor reaction time. Cardiometabolic test variables investigated were blood pressure, fasting blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, blood lipids, inflammatory markers, and markers of oxidative stress. Results: The daily amounts of total polyphenols and DF from the berry beverage were 795 mg and 11g, respectively. There were no polyphenols or DF in the control beverage. The berry intervention reduced total- and LDL cholesterol compared to baseline (both P<0.05), and in comparison to the control beverage (P<0.005 and P<0.01, respectively). The control beverage increased glucose concentrations (P<0.01) and tended to increase insulin concentrations (P = 0.064) from base line, and increased insulin concentrations in comparison to the berry beverage (P<0.05). Subjects performed better in the working memory test after the berry beverage compared to after the control beverage (P<0.05). No significant effects on the other test variables were observed. Conclusions: The improvements in cardiometabolic risk markers and cognitive performance after the berry beverage suggest preventive potential of berries with respect to type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and associated cognitive decline. Possibly the polyphenols and DF contributed to the beneficial effects. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01562392.
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| 4. |
- Plaza, Merichel, et al.
(författare)
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Green and Efficient Extraction Method to Determine Polyphenols in Cocoa and Cocoa Products
- 2017
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Ingår i: Food Analytical Methods. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1936-9751 .- 1936-976X. ; 10:8, s. 2677-2691
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cocoa and cocoa products have broad and well-proven health benefits, most of which are associated with the high antioxidant capacity of cocoa flavonoids. Most extraction methods for flavonoids in cocoa products use several steps including a defatting step and large amount of organic solvents. Moreover, they are labor-intensive and time-consuming. In this work, a pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) method has been compared to conventional sonication extraction (CSE) method. The contribution of individual compounds to the total antioxidant capacity of the extracts was evaluated by developing an analytical technique consisting of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photodiode array coupled to electrochemical and to charged aerosol detectors and HPLC-mass spectrometry for the confirmation of the identity of compounds present. Additionally, procyanidins were analyzed by fluorescence detection. PHWE turned out to be more efficient in extracting phenolics and methylxanthines, as compared to the conventional method, in addition to being more “green” in terms of using less organic solvents.
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| 5. |
- Plaza, Merichel, et al.
(författare)
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Pressurized Hot Water Extraction of Bioactives
- 2017
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Ingår i: Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0166-526X. ; 76, s. 53-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this book chapter is to give the reader a thorough background to the fundamentals and applications of pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) for the analysis of bioactive compounds. The chapter summarizes the field for 2009-2014 and includes fundamentals of water as a solvent; equipment; method optimization; a few selected applications; hyphenations and future aspects. It is highlighted that solvent properties of water are tuneable by changing the temperature, of which the most pronounced are self-ionization, dielectric constant, viscosity, diffusivity, density and surface tension. Furthermore, important aspects to consider are the risk of degradation of the analytes and other potential reactions such as hydrolysis, caramelization and Maillard reactions that may lead to erroneous results. For the extraction of bioactive compounds, PHWE methods reported are based on using water at 80-175°C and short extraction times. In conclusion, PHWE provides advantages over conventional extraction methods, such as being 'greener', faster and more efficient.
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