| 1. |
- He, T., et al.
(författare)
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The role of colonic metabolism in lactose intolerance
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Investigation. - : Wiley. - 0014-2972 .- 1365-2362. ; 38:8, s. 541-547
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lactose maldigestion and intolerance affect a large part of the world population. The underlying factors of lactose intolerance are not fully understood. In this review, the role of colonic metabolism is discussed, i.e. fermentation of lactose by the colonic microbiota, colonic processing of the fermentation metabolites and how these processes would play a role in the pathophysiology of lactose intolerance. We suggest that the balance between the removal and production rate of osmotic-active components (lactose, and intermediate metabolites, e.g. lactate, succinate, etc.) in the colon is a key factor in the development of symptoms. The involvement of the colon may provide the basis for designing new targeted strategies for dietary and clinical management of lactose intolerance.
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| 2. |
- Priebe, S, et al.
(författare)
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Objective social outcomes index (SIX): a method to summarise objective indicators of social outcomes in mental health care
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0447 .- 0001-690X. ; 118:1, s. 57-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: No method has yet been established to summarise different objective indicators of social outcomes into one score. The study aimed to develop and test a simple, brief and meaningful index of social outcomes that can be used across a broad range of mental health studies and is potentially obtainable from routine documentation. Method: An index capturing employment, accommodation and living situation (range from 0 to 6; SIX) was devised and tested in three longitudinal datasets of patients with severe mental illness from Germany, Sweden and the UK. Results: SIX showed an almost normal distribution cross-sectionally in all three datasets. Between 58 and 78% of patients changed scores over time. Change scores were weakly associated with change scores of symptoms, quality of life, global functioning and disability. Conclusion: A simple method to summarise different indicators of social outcomes provides meaningful results. It can be widely used in research and routine care.
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| 3. |
- Priebe, S, et al.
(författare)
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Reinstitutionalisation in mental-health care: comparison of data on service provision from six European countries
- 2005
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Ingår i: BMJ: British Medical Journal. - 1756-1833. ; 330:7483, s. 123-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To establish whether reinstitutionalisation is occurring in mental health care mid, if so, with What variations between Western European countries. Design Comparison of data on changes in service provision. Setting Six European countries with different traditions of mental health care that have all experienced deinstitutionalisation since the 1970s - England, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, mid Sweden. Outcome measures Changes in die number of forensic hospital beds, involuntary hospital admissions, places in supported housing, general psychiatric hospital beds, and general prison population between 1990-1 mid 2002-3. Results Forensic beds and places in supported housing have increased in all countries, whereas changes in it involuntary hospital admissions have been inconsistent. The number of psychiatric hospital beds h is been reduced in five countries, but only in two countries does this reduction outweigh the number of additional places in forensic institutions and supported housing The general prison population has substantially increased in all countries. Conclusions Reinstitutionalisation is taking place in European countries with different, traditions of health care, although with significant variation between the six countries studied. The precise reasons for the phenomenon remain unclear. General attitudes to risk containment in a society, as indicated by the size of the prison population, may be more Important than changing morbidity and new methods of mental healthcare delivery.
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