| 1. |
- Schael, S, et al.
(författare)
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Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Abate, E., et al.
(författare)
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Combined performance tests before installation of the ATLAS Semiconductor and Transition Radiation Tracking Detectors
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS (A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS) Inner Detector provides charged particle tracking in the centre of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The Inner Detector consists of three subdetectors: the Pixel Detector, the Semiconductor Tracker (SCT), and the Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT). This paper summarizes the tests that were carried out at the final stage of SCT+TRT integration prior to their installation in ATLAS. The combined operation and performance of the SCT and TRT barrel and endcap detectors was investigated through a series of noise tests, and by recording the tracks of cosmic rays. This was a crucial test of hardware and software of the combined tracker detector systems. The results of noise and cross-talk tests on the SCT and TRT in their final assembled configuration, using final readout and supply hardware and software, are reported. The reconstruction and analysis of the recorded cosmic tracks allowed testing of the offline analysis chain and verification of basic tracker performance parameters, such as efficiency and spatial resolution, in combined operation before installation.
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| 3. |
- Abdesselam, A., et al.
(författare)
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Engineering for the ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) end-cap
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) is a silicon-strip tracking detector which forms part of the ATLAS inner detector. The SCT is designed to track charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN at an energy of 14 TeV. The tracker is made up of a central barrel and two identical end-caps. The barrel contains 2112 silicon modules, while each end-cap contains 988 modules. The overall tracking performance depends not only on the intrinsic measurement precision of the modules but also on the characteristics of the whole assembly, in particular, the stability and the total material budget. This paper describes the engineering design and construction of the SCT end-caps, which are required to support mechanically the silicon modules, supply services to them and provide a suitable environment within the inner detector. Critical engineering choices are highlighted and innovative solutions are presented - these will be of interest to other builders of large-scale tracking detectors. The SCT end-caps will be fully connected at the start of 2008. Further commissioning will continue, to be ready for proton-proton collision data in 2008.
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| 4. |
- Abdesselam, A., et al.
(författare)
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The ATLAS semiconductor tracker end-cap module
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 575:3, s. 353-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The challenges for the tracking detector systems at the LHC are unprecedented in terms of the number of channels, the required read-out speed and the expected radiation levels. The ATLAS Semiconductor Tracker. (SCT) end-caps have a total of about 3 million electronics channels each reading out every 25 ns into its own on-chip 3.3 mu s buffer. The highest anticipated dose after 10 years operation is 1.4x10(14) cm(-2) in units of 1 MeV neutron equivalent (assuming the damage factors scale with the non-ionising energy loss). The forward tracker has 1976 double-sided modules, mostly of area similar to 70 cm(2), each having 2 x 768 strips read out by six ASICs per side. The requirement to achieve an average perpendicular radiation length of 1.5% X-0, while coping with up to 7 W dissipation per module (after irradiation), leads to stringent constraints on the thermal design. The additional requirement of 1500e(-) equivalent noise charge (ENC) rising to only 1800e(-) ENC after irradiation, provides stringent design constraints on both the high-density Cu/Polyimide flex read-out circuit and the ABCD3TA read-out ASICs. Finally, the accuracy of module assembly must not compromise the 16 mu m (r phi) resolution perpendicular to the strip directions or 580 mu m radial resolution coming from the 40 mrad front-back stereo angle. A total of 2210 modules were built to the tight tolerances and specifications required for the SCT. This was 234 more than the 1976 required and represents a yield of 93%. The component flow was at times tight, but the module production rate of 40-50 per week was maintained despite this. The distributed production was not found to be a major logistical problem and it allowed additional flexibility to take advantage of where the effort was available, including any spare capacity, for building the end-cap modules. The collaboration that produced the ATLAS SCT end-cap modules kept in close contact at all times so that the effects of shortages or stoppages at different sites could be rapidly resolved.
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| 5. |
- Anelli, A., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement and simulation of the neutron response and detection efficiency of a Pb-scintillating fiber calorimeter
- 2008
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. - 0018-9499 .- 1558-1578. ; 55:3, s. 1409-1412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have measured the overall detection efficiency to neutrons of a small prototype of the KLOE Pb-scintillating fiber calorimeter in the kinetic energy range [5,175] MeV. using the neutron beam facility of The Svedberg Laboratory, TSL, Uppsala. The measurement of the neutron detection efficiency of a NE110 scintillator provided a reference calibration. At the lowest trigger threshold, the overall calorimeter efficiency ranges from 28% to 33%. This value largely exceeds the estimated similar to 8% expected if the response were proportional only to the scintillator equivalent thickness. A detailed simulation of the calorimeter and of the TSL beamline has been performed with the FLUKA Monte Carlo code. The simulated response of the detector to neutrons is presented together with first data to Monte Carlo comparison. The results show an overall neutron efficiency of about 35%. The reasons for such an efficiency enhancement, in comparison with the typical scintillator-based neutron counters, are explained, opening the road to a novel neutron detector.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Anelli, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement and simulation of neutron detection efficiency in lead-scintillating fiber calorimeters
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nuclear physics B, Proceedings supplements. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-5632 .- 1873-3832. ; 197:1, s. 353-357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The overall detection efficiency to neutrons of a small prototype of the KLOE lead-scintillating fiber calorimeter has been measured at the neutron beam facility of The Svedberg Laboratory, TSL, Uppsala, in the kinetic energy range [5-175] MeV. The measurement of the neutron detection efficiency of a NE110 scintillator provided a reference calibration. At the lowest trigger threshold, the overall calorimeter efficiency ranges from 30% to 50%. This value largely exceeds the estimated 8-15% expected if the response were proportional only to the scintillator equivalent thickness. A detailed simulation of the calorimeter and of the TSL beam line has been performed with the FLUKA Monte Carlo code. First data-MC comparisons are encouraging and allow to disentangle a neutron halo component in the beam.
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| 10. |
- Anelli, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement and simulation of the neutron response and detection efficiency of a Pb-scintillating fiber calorimeter
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 581:1-2, s. 368-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The overall detection efficiency to neutrons of a small prototype of the KLOE Pb-scintillating fiber calorimeter has been measured at the neutron beam facility of The Svedberg Laboratory, TSL, Uppsala, in the kinetic energy range 5-175 MeV. The measurement of the neutron detection efficiency of a NE110 scintillator provided a reference calibration. At the lowest trigger threshold, the overall calorimeter efficiency ranges from 40% to 50%. This value largely exceeds the estimated 8-16% expected if the response were proportional only to the scintillator equivalent thickness. A detailed simulation of the calorimeter and of the TSL beamline has been performed with the FLUKA Monte Carlo code. The simulated response of the detector to neutrons is presented, as well as a first data Monte Carlo comparison. The results show an overall neutron efficiency of about 50%, when no trigger threshold is applied. The reasons of such an efficiency enhancement, in comparison with the typical scintillator-based neutron counters, are explained, opening the road to a novel neutron detector.
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| 11. |
- Anelli, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of the detection efficiency of the KLOE calorimeter for neutrons between 22 and 174 MeV
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 598:1, s. 244-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prototype of the high-sampling lead-scintillating fiber KLOE calorimeter has been exposed to neutron beams of 21, 46 and 174 MeV, provided by the The Svedberg Laboratory, Uppsala, to test its neutron detection efficiency. The measurement of the neutron detection efficiency of an NE110 scintillator provided a reference calibration. The measured efficiency is larger than what expected considering the scintillator thickness of the KLOE prototype only. This result proves the existence of a contribution from the passive material to neutron detection efficiency, in a high-sampling calorimeter configuration.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Österlund, m, et al.
(författare)
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Tomography of canisters for spent nuclear fuel
- 2006
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Ingår i: International workshop on Fast Neutron Detectors and Applications,Cape Town, South Africa, April 3-6, 2006. ; , s. 030-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 24. |
- Alkhazov, GD, et al.
(författare)
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SPES4-pi: installation for exclusive study of nuclear reactions
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 551:2-3, s. 290-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper describes the spectrometric system "SPES4-pi" used at the National Laboratory Saturne (CE Saclay, France) for the exclusive study of the baryon resonance excitation in inelastic alpha and d scattering on the proton, as well as coherent pion production in charge exchange reactions. The system consists of the magnetic spectrometer SPES4 and two wide-aperture position-sensitive detector arrays, equipped with wire chambers and scintillator hodoscopes, installed around a large-gap C-shape dipole magnet.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Hildebrand, A, et al.
(författare)
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Elastic neutron scattering at 96 MeV
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology: Santa Fé, New Mexico, USA, September 26-October 1, 2004. ; , s. 853-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Mermod, Philippe, et al.
(författare)
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95 MeV neutron scattering on hydrogen, deuterium, carbon and oxygen
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 74:5, s. 054002-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three neutron-deuteron scattering experiments at 95 MeV have been performed recently at The Svedberg Laboratory in Uppsala. Subsets of the results of these experiments have been reported in two short articles, showing clear evidence for three-nucleon force effects. In this paper, we present a more detailed description of the experimental methods as well as further discussion of the results. In addition to neutron-deuteron scattering data, neutron-proton and C12(n,n) elastic scattering data have been measured for normalization purposes, and O16(n,n) data have been obtained for the first time at this energy. It was possible to extract C12(n,n') and O16(n,n') inelastic scattering cross sections to excited states below 12 MeV excitation energy. The inelastic scattering data (for both carbon and oxygen) are shown to have a significant impact on the determination of nuclear recoil kerma coefficients.
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| 29. |
- Mermod, P, et al.
(författare)
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fast neutron scattering on carbon and oxygen
- 2006
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Ingår i: International workshop on Fast Neutron Detectors and Applications,Cape Town, South Africa, April 3-6, 2006. ; , s. 071-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Orekhova, Elena V, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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The right hemisphere fails to respond to temporal novelty in autism: evidence from an ERP study.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Clinical Neurophysiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1388-2457. ; 120:3, s. 520-529
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate electrophysiological correlates of initial attention orienting to temporally novel sound in children with autism (CWA). METHODS: Twenty-one CWA (4-8 years) and 21 age-matched typically developing children (TDC) were presented with pairs of clicks separated by a 0.5s intra-pair interval, with longer (7-9s) intervals between pairs. Children watched a silent movie during click presentation. We assessed EEG perturbations and event-related potentials (ERP) in response to sounds of different temporal novelty - first (S1) and second (S2) clicks in the pair. RESULTS: In TDC, the early attention-modulated midtemporal N1c wave evoked by S1 and corresponding EEG phase locking and power increase were right-lateralized and were bilaterally higher than those evoked by S2. CWA demonstrated abnormal S1 responses, characterized by reduced N1c amplitude and EEG phase locking in the right midtemporal region, reversed leftward lateralization of the phase locking, and diminished later frontal N2 wave. Their brain responses to S2 were essentially normal. CONCLUSIONS: The impaired right hemispheric processing of temporary and contextually novel information and suboptimal lateralization of normally right-lateralized attention networks may be important features of autistic disorder. SIGNIFICANCE: Results of this study contribute to the understanding of autism neurobiology.
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| 33. |
- Pomp, S, et al.
(författare)
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The new Uppsala neutron beam facility
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proc. of the Int. conf. on Nuclear Data for Sceince and Technology: Santa Fé, New Mexico, USA, September 26-October 1, 2004. ; , s. 780-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Öhrn, A, et al.
(författare)
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Elastic neutron scattering at 96 MeV
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology,Nice, France, April 22-27, 2007 (accepted).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Andersson, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
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An upgrade of the SCANDAL facility for neutron scattering measurements at 175 MeV
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The experimental setup SCANDAL (SCAttered Nucleon Detection AssembLy) at the The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL), previously used for measurements of the differential cross section of elastic and inelastic neutron scattering in the 50 – 130 MeV range, has recently been upgraded with new Na doped CsI scintillating detectors for measurements at 175 MeV. The performance of the new setup is described and illustrated by the early steps in the analysis of the first experimental campaign, carried out in January and February 2009.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Pomp, Stephan, et al.
(författare)
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Neutron-induced light-ion production from Fe, Pb and U at 96 MeV
- 2007
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Ingår i: Radiation Protection Dosimetry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0144-8420 .- 1742-3406. ; 126:1-4, s. 123-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Double-differential cross-sections for light-ion production (up to A = 4) induced by 96 MeV neutrons have been measured for Fe, Pb and U. The experiments have been performed at The Svedberg Laboratory in Uppsala, using two independent devices, MEDLEY and SCANDAL. The recorded data cover a wide angular range (20 degrees-160 degrees) with low energy thresholds. The data have been normalised to obtain cross-sections using up elastic scattering events. The latter have been recorded with the same setup, and results for this measurement are reported. The work was performed within the HINDAS collaboration with the primary aim of improving the database for three of the most important nuclei for incineration of nuclear waste with accelerator-driven systems. The obtained cross-section data are of particular interest for the understanding of the so-called pre-equilibrium stage in a nuclear reaction and will be compared with model calculations.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Prokofiev, A. V, et al.
(författare)
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A new neutron beam facility at TSL
- 2006
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Ingår i: International workshop on Fast Neutron Detectors and Applications,Cape Town, South Africa, April 3-6. ; , s. 016-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 45. |
- Prokofiev, A.V, et al.
(författare)
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A New Neutron Beam Facility at TSL
- 2007
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Ingår i: Tenth Symposium on Neutron Dosimetry,Uppsala, Sweden, June 12-16, 2006 (accepted)..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 46. |
- Prokofiev, A.V, et al.
(författare)
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A new neutron facility for SEE testing
- 2005
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Ingår i: 8th European Conference on Radiation and its Effects on Components and systems, 2005, (in press).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Prokofiev, A.V, et al.
(författare)
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A new neutron facility for single-event testing
- 2005
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Ingår i: IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS2005): San José, California, USA, April 17-21, 2005, (in press).
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Tippawan, Udomrat, et al.
(författare)
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Light charged-particle production in 96 MeV neutron-induced reactions on carbon and oxygen
- 2007
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Ingår i: Radiation Protection Dosimetry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0144-8420 .- 1742-3406. ; 126:1-4, s. 35-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, an increasing number of applications involving fast neutrons have been developed or are under consideration, e.g. radiation treatment of cancer, neutron dosimetry at commercial aircraft altitudes, soft-error effects in computer memories, accelerator-driven transmutation of nuclear waste and energy production and determination of the response of neutron detectors. Data on light-ion production in tight nuclei such as carbon, nitrogen and oxygen are particularly important in calculations of dose distributions in human tissue for radiation therapy at neutron beams, and for dosimetry of high-energy neutrons produced by high-energy cosmic radiation interacting with nuclei (nitrogen and oxygen) in the atmosphere. When studying neutron dose effects, it is especially important to consider carbon and oxygen, since they are, by weight, the most abundant elements in human tissue. Preliminary experimental double-differential cross sections of inclusive light-ion (p, d, t, He-3 and alpha) production in carbon induced by 96-MeV neutrons have been presented. Energy spectra were measured at eight laboratory angles: 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 degrees. Measurements were performed at The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL), Uppsala, using the dedicated MEDLEY experimental setup. The authors have earlier reported experimental double-differential cross sections of inclusive light-ion production in oxygen. In this paper, the deduced kerma coefficients for oxygen has been presented and compared with reaction model calculations.
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