| 1. |
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| 2. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Sampson, Joshua N., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Heritability and Shared Heritability Based on Genome-Wide Association Studies for 13 Cancer Types
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 107:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Studies of related individuals have consistently demonstrated notable familial aggregation of cancer. We aim to estimate the heritability and genetic correlation attributable to the additive effects of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for cancer at 13 anatomical sites. Methods: Between 2007 and 2014, the US National Cancer Institute has generated data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 49 492 cancer case patients and 34 131 control patients. We apply novel mixed model methodology (GCTA) to this GWAS data to estimate the heritability of individual cancers, as well as the proportion of heritability attributable to cigarette smoking in smoking-related cancers, and the genetic correlation between pairs of cancers. Results: GWAS heritability was statistically significant at nearly all sites, with the estimates of array-based heritability, h(l)(2), on the liability threshold (LT) scale ranging from 0.05 to 0.38. Estimating the combined heritability of multiple smoking characteristics, we calculate that at least 24% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14% to 37%) and 7% (95% CI = 4% to 11%) of the heritability for lung and bladder cancer, respectively, can be attributed to genetic determinants of smoking. Most pairs of cancers studied did not show evidence of strong genetic correlation. We found only four pairs of cancers with marginally statistically significant correlations, specifically kidney and testes (rho = 0.73, SE = 0.28), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and pediatric osteosarcoma (rho = 0.53, SE = 0.21), DLBCL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (rho = 0.51, SE = 0.18), and bladder and lung (rho = 0.35, SE = 0.14). Correlation analysis also indicates that the genetic architecture of lung cancer differs between a smoking population of European ancestry and a nonsmoking Asian population, allowing for the possibility that the genetic etiology for the same disease can vary by population and environmental exposures. Conclusion: Our results provide important insights into the genetic architecture of cancers and suggest new avenues for investigation.
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| 4. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 5. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 6. |
- Kristanl, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 7. |
- Aaltonen, T., et al.
(författare)
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Combined Forward-Backward Asymmetry Measurements in Top-Antitop Quark Production at the Tevatron
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 120:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The CDF and D0 experiments at the Fermilab Tevatron have measured the asymmetry between yields of forward- and backward-produced top and antitop quarks based on their rapidity difference and the asymmetry between their decay leptons. These measurements use the full data sets collected in proton-antiproton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of root s = 1.96 TeV. We report the results of combinations of the inclusive asymmetries and their differential dependencies on relevant kinematic quantities. The combined inclusive asymmetry is A(FB)(t (t) over bar) = 0.128 +/- 0.025. The combined inclusive and differential asymmetries are consistent with recent standard model predictions.
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| 8. |
- Aaltonen, T., et al.
(författare)
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Tevatron Combination of Single-Top-Quark Cross Sections and Determination of the Magnitude of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Matrix Element V-tb
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 115:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the final combination of CDF and D0 measurements of cross sections for single-top-quark production in proton-antiproton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV. The data correspond to total integrated luminosities of up to 9.7 fb(-1) per experiment. The t-channel cross section is measured to be sigma(t) = 2.25(-0.31)(+0.29) pb. We also present the combinations of the two-dimensional measurements of the s- vs t-channel cross section. In addition, we give the combination of the s + t channel cross section measurement resulting in sigma(s+t) = 3.30(-0.40)(+0.52) pb, without assuming the standard model value for the ratio sigma(s)/sigma(t). The resulting value of the magnitude of the top-to-bottom quark coupling is vertical bar V-tb vertical bar = 1.02(-0.05)(+0.06), corresponding to vertical bar V-tb vertical bar > 0.92 at the 95% C. L.
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| 9. |
- Aaltonen, T., et al.
(författare)
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Tevatron Constraints on Models of the Higgs Boson with Exotic Spin and Parity Using Decays to Bottom-Antibottom Quark Pairs
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 114:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Combined constraints from the CDF and D0 Collaborations on models of the Higgs boson with exotic spin J and parity P are presented and compared with results obtained assuming the standard model value J(P) = 0(+). Both collaborations analyzed approximately 10 fb(-1) of proton-antiproton collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV collected at the Fermilab Tevatron. Two models predicting exotic Higgs bosons with J(P) = 0(-) and J(P) = 2(+) are tested. The kinematic properties of exotic Higgs boson production in association with a vector boson differ from those predicted for the standard model Higgs boson. Upper limits at the 95% credibility level on the production rates of the exotic Higgs bosons, expressed as fractions of the standard model Higgs boson production rate, are set at 0.36 for both the J(P) = 0(-) hypothesis and the J(P) = 2(+) hypothesis. If the production rate times the branching ratio to a bottom-antibottom pair is the same as that predicted for the standard model Higgs boson, then the exotic bosons are excluded with significances of 5.0 standard deviations and 4.9 standard deviations for the J(P) = 0(-) and J(P) = 2(+) hypotheses, respectively.
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| 10. |
- Aaltonen, T., et al.
(författare)
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Tevatron Run II combination of the effective leptonic electroweak mixing angle
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 97:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drell-Yan lepton pairs produced in the process p (p) over bar -> l(+)l(-) + X through an intermediate gamma*/Z boson have an asymmetry in their angular distribution related to the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the electroweak force and the associated mixing of its neutral gauge bosons. The CDF and D0 experiments have measured the effective-leptonic electroweak mixing parameter sin(2) theta(lept)(eff) using electron and muon pairs selected from the full Tevatron proton-antiproton data sets collected in 2001-2011, corresponding to 9-10 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity. The combination of these measurements yields the most precise result from hadron colliders, sin(2)theta(lept)(eff) = 0.23148 +/- 0.00033. This result is consistent with, and approaches in precision, the best measurements from electron-positron colliders. The standard model inference of the on-shell electroweak mixing parameter sin(2) theta(W), or equivalently the W-boson mass M-W, using the ZFITTER software package yields sin(2) theta(W) = 0.22324 +/- 0.00033 or equivalently, M-W = 80.367 +/- 0.017 GeV/c(2).
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| 11. |
- Aharonian, Felix, et al.
(författare)
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Atmospheric gas dynamics in the Perseus cluster observed with Hitomi
- 2018
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Ingår i: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0004-6264 .- 2053-051X. ; 70:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extending the earlier measurements reported in Hitomi collaboration (2016, Nature, 535, 117), we examine the atmospheric gas motions within the central 100 kpc of the Perseus cluster using observations obtained with the Hitomi satellite. After correcting for the point spread function of the telescope and using optically thin emission lines, we find that the line-of-sight velocity dispersion of the hot gas is remarkably low and mostly uniform. The velocity dispersion reaches a maxima of approximately 200 km s(-1) toward the central active galactic nucleus (AGN) and toward the AGN inflated northwestern ghost bubble. Elsewhere within the observed region, the velocity dispersion appears constant around 100 km s(-1). We also detect a velocity gradient with a 100 km s(-1) amplitude across the cluster core, consistent with large-scale sloshing of the core gas. If the observed gas motions are isotropic, the kinetic pressure support is less than 10% of the thermal pressure support in the cluster core. The well-resolved, optically thin emission lines have Gaussian shapes, indicating that the turbulent driving scale is likely below 100 kpc, which is consistent with the size of the AGN jet inflated bubbles. We also report the first measurement of the ion temperature in the intracluster medium, which we find to be consistent with the electron temperature. In addition, we present a new measurement of the redshift of the brightest cluster galaxy NGC 1275.
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| 12. |
- Evangelou, Evangelos, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 50:10, s. 1412-1425
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High blood pressure is a highly heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We report the largest genetic association study of blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure) to date in over 1 million people of European ancestry. We identify 535 novel blood pressure loci that not only offer new biological insights into blood pressure regulation but also highlight shared genetic architecture between blood pressure and lifestyle exposures. Our findings identify new biological pathways for blood pressure regulation with potential for improved cardiovascular disease prevention in the future.
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| 13. |
- Feng, Tongbao, et al.
(författare)
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miR-124 inhibits cell proliferation in breast cancer through downregulation of CDK4
- 2015
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Ingår i: Tumor Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1423-0380 .- 1010-4283. ; 36:8, s. 5987-5997
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the malignant progression of human cancer. However, little is known about the potential role of miRNAs in breast carcinogenesis. miR-124 expression in breast cancer tissue was measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Target prediction algorithms and luciferase reporter gene assays were used to investigate the target of miR-124. Breast cancer cells growth was regulated by overexpression or knockdown miR-124. At the end of the study, tumor-bearing mice were tested to confirm the function of miR-124 in breast cancer. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of miR-124 was significantly downregulated in breast cancer tissues compared with matched adjacent non-neoplastic tissues. We identified and confirmed that cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) was a direct target of miR-124. Overexpression of miR-124 suppressed CDK4 protein expression and attenuated cell viability, proliferation, and cell cycle progression in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435S breast cancer cells in vitro. Overexpression of CDK4 partially rescued the inhibitory effect of miR-124 in the breast cancer cells. Moreover, we found that miR-124 overexpression effectively repressed tumor growth in xenograft animal experiments. Our results demonstrate that miR-124 functions as a growth-suppressive miRNA and plays an important role in inhibiting tumorigenesis by targeting CDK4.
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| 14. |
- Frazier-Wood, Alexis C., et al.
(författare)
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Genetic variants associated with subjective well-being, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism identified through genome-wide analyses
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Research (part of Springer Nature). - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 48, s. 624-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Very few genetic variants have been associated with depression and neuroticism, likely because of limitations on sample size in previous studies. Subjective well-being, a phenotype that is genetically correlated with both of these traits, has not yet been studied with genome-wide data. We conducted genome-wide association studies of three phenotypes: subjective well-being (n = 298,420), depressive symptoms (n = 161,460), and neuroticism (n = 170,911). We identify 3 variants associated with subjective well-being, 2 variants associated with depressive symptoms, and 11 variants associated with neuroticism, including 2 inversion polymorphisms. The two loci associated with depressive symptoms replicate in an independent depression sample. Joint analyses that exploit the high genetic correlations between the phenotypes (vertical bar(p) over cap vertical bar approximate to 0.8) strengthen the overall credibility of the findings and allow us to identify additional variants. Across our phenotypes, loci regulating expression in central nervous system and adrenal or pancreas tissues are strongly enriched for association.
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| 15. |
- Huang, Ruting, et al.
(författare)
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Construction of SnS2-SnO2 heterojunctions decorated on graphene nanosheets with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance
- 2019
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Ingår i: ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY. - : INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY. - 2053-2296. ; 75, s. 812-821
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heterostructures formed by the growth of one kind of nanomaterial in/on another have attracted increasing attention due to their microstructural characteristics and potential applications. In this work, SnS2-SnO2 heterostructures were successfully prepared by a facile hydrothermal method. Due to the enhanced visible-light absorption and efficient separation of photogenerated holes and electrons, the SnS2-SnO2 heterostructures display excellent photocatalytic performance for the degradation of rhodamine (RhB) under visible-light irradiation. Additionally, it is found that the introduction of graphene into the heterostructures further improved photocatalytic activity and stability. In particular, the optimized SnS2-SnO2/graphene photocatalyst can degrade 97.1% of RhB within 60 min, which is about 1.38 times greater than that of SnS2-SnO2 heterostructures. This enhanced photocatalytic activity could be attributed to the high surface area and the excellent electron accepting and transporting properties of graphene, which served as an acceptor of the generated electrons to suppress charge recombination. These results provide a new insight for the design and development of hybrid photocatalysts.
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| 16. |
- Huang, Shoushuang, et al.
(författare)
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ZIF-assisted construction of magnetic multiple core-shell Fe3O4@ZnO@N-doped carbon composites for effective photocatalysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Science. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0009-2509 .- 1873-4405. ; 209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Magnetic Fe3O4@ZnO@nitrogen-doped carbon (Fe3O4@ZnO@N-C) composites with multiple core-shell structures have been successfully synthesized by calcination of ZIF-8 coated Fe3O4@ZnO core-shell nanocrystals. The morphologies and microstructural characteristics are investigated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, physical adsorption of nitrogen, and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photocatalytic performances are tested by degrading methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solutions under the irradiation of imitative sunlight. The photocatalytic trials indicate that the Fe3O4@ZnO@N-C composites exhibit improved degradation efficiency compared to the Fe3O4@ZnO precursor. The photocatalytic efficiencies of the as-prepared Fe3O4@ZnO@N-C composites towards MB are 93% under irradiation of imitative sunlight for 90 min and still maintained to be 87% after 6 recycles, which shows very good stability and recyclability. Nitrogen-doped carbon is believed to extend the absorption spectra to the visible-light region. The photodegradation kinetics via using the as-prepared Fe3O4@ZnO@N-C composite as a novel photocatalyst are systematically investigated. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 17. |
- Jiang, Tao, et al.
(författare)
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Tetraphenylethene end-capped diketopyrrolopyrrole fluorogens with AIE and large two-photon absorption cross-sections features and application in bioimaging
- 2016
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Ingår i: Dyes and pigments. - : Elsevier. - 0143-7208 .- 1873-3743. ; 133, s. 201-213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, a series of new diketopyrrolopyrrole-based dyes have been synthesized by connecting tetraphenylethene to the diketopyrrolopyrrole core. All the four compounds exhibit good aggregation induced emission property with nonemissive in the solution but strong red fluorescence in the aggregate or solid state. Also, these new dyes exhibit large two-photon absorption cross sections (a), in which the a data measured by the open aperture Z-scan technique are determined to be 150, 300, 1140 and 1016 GM for four dyes, respectively. In addition, compound with stilbene and four tetraphenylethene units (DPP-TPE-3) was used as the luminogen and encapsulated into nanoparticles for cell imaging and two-photon excited fluorescence blood vessels imaging. The result indicates that it can be used as the effective fluorescence probe for bioimaging and has great potential for bioapplications. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 18. |
- Kim, Shi Hyeong, et al.
(författare)
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Harvesting temperature fluctuations as electrical energy using torsional and tensile polymer muscles
- 2015
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Ingår i: Energy & Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 8, s. 3336-3344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diverse means have been deployed for harvesting electrical energy from mechanical actuation produced by low-grade waste heat, but cycle rate, energy-per-cycle, device size and weight, or cost have limited applications. We report the electromagnetic harvesting of thermal energy as electrical energy using thermally powered torsional and tensile artificial muscles made from inexpensive polymer fibers used for fishing line and sewing thread. We show that a coiled 27 μm-diameter nylon muscle fiber can be driven by 16.7 °C air temperature fluctuations to spin a magnetic rotor to a peak torsional rotation speed of 70 000 rpm for over 300 000 heating–cooling cycles without performance degradation. By employing resonant fluctuations in air temperature of 19.6 °C, an average output electrical power of 124 W per kg of muscle was realized. Using tensile actuation of polyethylene-based coiled muscles and alternating flows of hot and cold water, up to 1.4 J of electrical energy was produced per cycle. The corresponding per cycle electric energy and peak power output, per muscle weight, were 77 J kg−1 and 28 W kg−1, respectively.
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| 19. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Sixth Visual Object Tracking VOT2018 Challenge Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 Workshops. - Cham : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783030110086 - 9783030110093 ; , s. 3-53
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2018 is the sixth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of over eighty trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis and a “real-time” experiment simulating a situation where a tracker processes images as if provided by a continuously running sensor. A long-term tracking subchallenge has been introduced to the set of standard VOT sub-challenges. The new subchallenge focuses on long-term tracking properties, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. A new dataset has been compiled and a performance evaluation methodology that focuses on long-term tracking capabilities has been adopted. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term and the new long-term tracking subchallenges. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website (http://votchallenge.net).
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| 20. |
- Li, Jian Feng, et al.
(författare)
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Transcriptional landscape of B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia based on an international study of 1,223 cases
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424. ; 115:50, s. 11711-11720
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP ALL) can be classified into known major genetic subtypes, while a substantial proportion of BCP ALL remains poorly characterized in relation to its underlying genomic abnormalities. We therefore initiated a large-scale international study to reanalyze and delineate the transcriptome landscape of 1,223 BCP ALL cases using RNA sequencing. Fourteen BCP ALL gene expression subgroups (G1 to G14) were identified. Apart from extending eight previously described subgroups (G1 to G8 associated with MEF2D fusions, TCF3–PBX1 fusions, ETV6–RUNX1–positive/ETV6–RUNX1–like, DUX4 fusions, ZNF384 fusions, BCR–ABL1/Ph–like, high hyperdiploidy, and KMT2A fusions), we defined six additional gene expression subgroups: G9 was associated with both PAX5 and CRLF2 fusions; G10 and G11 with mutations in PAX5 (p.P80R) and IKZF1 (p.N159Y), respectively; G12 with IGH–CEBPE fusion and mutations in ZEB2 (p.H1038R); and G13 and G14 with TCF3/4–HLF and NUTM1 fusions, respectively. In pediatric BCP ALL, subgroups G2 to G5 and G7 (51 to 65/67 chromosomes) were associated with low-risk, G7 (with ≤50 chromosomes) and G9 were intermediate-risk, whereas G1, G6, and G8 were defined as high-risk subgroups. In adult BCP ALL, G1, G2, G6, and G8 were associated with high risk, while G4, G5, and G7 had relatively favorable outcomes. This large-scale transcriptome sequence analysis of BCP ALL revealed distinct molecular subgroups that reflect discrete pathways of BCP ALL, informing disease classification and prognostic stratification. The combined results strongly advocate that RNA sequencing be introduced into the clinical diagnostic workup of BCP ALL. four decades, most of the recurring chromosomal abnormalities, including aneuploidy, chromosomal rearrangements/gene fusions (e.g., ETV6–RUNX1, BCR–ABL1, and TCF3–PBX1), and rearrangements of KMT2A (previously MLL), were identified by.
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| 21. |
- Liu, Chang, et al.
(författare)
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The biomethane producing potential in China : A theoretical and practical estimation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1004-9541 .- 2210-321X. ; 24:7, s. 920-928
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biomethane has been developed rapidly in many countries as a renewable energy which upgraded from biogas. China also began to pay attention to it even though we still at a initial stage, primarily, understanding the biomethane potential and development prospect, choosing appropriate biomass as the biomethane source is very important. In this work, the theoretical and practical biomethane producing potential from five main biomass resources in China were estimated with appropriate methods based on the data collected, and during calculation, two appropriate energy crops were assumed to be planted on marginal lands for biomethane production. Our estimation showed that the theoretical and practical biomethane potentials in China can reach to 888.78 and 316.30 billion m3 per year, agricultural waste should be the preferential development biomass, and planting energy crops on marginal lands is the most promising way to enhance biomethane production in China. When compared with natural gas, Chinese natural gas consumption in 2013 only account for 48.15 % of the practical biomethane potential.
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| 22. |
- Liu, Wen, et al.
(författare)
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Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based nanoparticles composed of AIE luminogens and NIR dyes with enhanced three-photon near-infrared emission for in vivo brain angiography
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 2040-3364 .- 2040-3372. ; 10:21, s. 10025-10032
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence is very important for high-contrast biological imaging of high-scattering tissues such as brain tissue. Unfortunately, commercial NIR dyes are excited usually by visible light, and their multi-photon absorption (MPA) cross-sections are small. Here, we design new co-encapsulated NIR nanoparticles (NPs) with a large three-photon (3PA) absorption cross-section. A form of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen (AIEgen), 2,3-bis(4-(diphenylamino)-[1,1-biphenyl]-4-yl) fumaronitrile (TPATCN), is introduced as the donor, and a form of NIR dye, silicon 2,3-naphthalocyanine bis-(trihexylsilyloxide) (NIR775), is adopted as the acceptor. Under the excitation of a 1550 nm fs laser, TPATCN-NIR775 NPs demonstrated a bright three-photon fluorescence centered at 785 nm. The energy transfer efficiency of the TPATCN-NIR775 NPs was calculated to be as high as 90%, which could be attributed to the good spectral overlap between the emission of TPATCN and the absorption of NIR775. By injection with TPATCN-NIR775 NPs, a vivid 3D reconstruction of mouse brain vasculature was obtained with even small blood vessels clearly visualized. The design strategy used for the co-encapsulated AIE-NIR NPs would be helpful in synthesizing more NIR probes for deep-tissue biological imaging in the future.
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| 23. |
- Ning, Yongling, et al.
(författare)
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β-Glucan restores tumor-educated dendritic cell maturation to enhance antitumor immune responses.
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136. ; 138:11, s. 2713-2723
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tumors can induce the generation and accumulation of immunosuppressive cells such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in a tumor microenvironment, contributing to tumor escape from immunological attack. Although dendritic cell-based cancer vaccines can initiate antitumor immune responses, tumor-educated dendritic cells (TEDCs) involved in the tolerance induction have attracted much attention recently. In this study, we investigated the effect of β-glucan on TEDCs and found that β-glucan treatment could promote the maturation and migration of TEDCs and that the suppressive function of TEDCs was significantly decreased. Treatment with β-glucan drastically decreased the levels of regulatory T (Treg) cells but increased the infiltration of macrophages, granulocytes and DCs in tumor masses, thus elicited Th1 differentiation and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses and led to a delay in tumor progression. These findings reveal that β-glucan can inhibit the regulatory function of TEDCs, therefore revealing a novel function for β-glucan in immunotherapy and suggesting its potential clinical benefit. β-Glucan directly abrogated tumor-educated dendritic cells-associated immune suppression, promoted Th1 differentiation and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte priming and improved antitumor responses. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 24. |
- Smith, Jennifer A, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature (London). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 533:7604, s. 539-542
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.
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| 25. |
- Sun, Xianhe, et al.
(författare)
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Aggregation-Induced Emission Nanoparticles Encapsulated with PEGylated Nano Graphene Oxide and Their Applications in Two-Photon Fluorescence Bioimaging and Photodynamic Therapy in Vitro and in Vivo
- 2018
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 10:30, s. 25037-25046
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) nanoparticles have been shown promise for fluorescence bioimaging and photodynamic therapy due to the good combination of nanoparticles and organic dyes or photosensitizers. Among several kinds of AIE nanoparticles, those that are capsulated with nanographene oxides (NGO) are easy to make, size-tunable, and have proven to be very stable in deionized water. However, the stability in saline solution still needs improvement for further applications in chemical or biomedical fields, and the efficacy of photodynamic therapy using NGO-capsulate AIE photosensitizers has not been evaluated yet. Herein, we modified NGO with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to improve the stability of NGO-capsulated AIE nanoparticles in phosphate buffer saline. Furthermore, by combining this modification method with a dual-functional molecule which has both typical AIE property and photosensitizing ability, we performed both two-photon fluorescence bioimaging and photodynamic therapy in vitro and in vivo. Our work shows that AIE nanoparticles capsulated with PEGylated nanographene oxide can be a powerful tool for future bioimaging and photodynamic therapy applications.
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| 26. |
- Sun, Xianhe, et al.
(författare)
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Targeted and imaging-guided in vivo photodynamic therapy for tumors using dual-function, aggregation-induced emission nanoparticles
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nano Reseach. - : Tsinghua University Press. - 1998-0124 .- 1998-0000. ; 11:5, s. 2756-2770
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been regarded as a promising strategy for precise cancer treatment. Because of their excellent modifiability and drug-loading capacity, nanoparticles have played an important role in PDT. Nonetheless, when traditional photosensitizers are made into nanoparticles, both their fluorescence and reactive oxygen species generation efficacy decrease due to a phenomenon known as aggregation-caused quenching. Fortunately, in recent years, several kinds of organic dyes with "abnormal" properties (termed aggregation-induced emission, AIE) were developed. With enhanced fluorescence emission in the nanoaggregation state, the traditional obstacles mentioned above may be overcome by AIE luminogens. Herein, we provide a better combination of photosensitizers and nanoparticles, namely, dual-function AIE nanoparticles capable of producing reactive oxygen species, to implement targeted and imaging-guided in vivo PDT. Good contrast of in vivo imaging and obvious therapeutic efficacy were observed at a low dose of AIE nanoparticles and low irradiance of light, thus resulting in negligible side effects. Our work shows that AIE nanoparticles may play a promising role in imaging-guided clinical PDT for cancer in the near future.
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| 27. |
- Wang, Shangdai, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-functional NiS2/FeS2/N-doped carbon nanorods derived from metal-organic frameworks with fast reaction kinetics for high performance overall water splitting and lithium-ion batteries
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : ELSEVIER. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 436
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of cost-effective, highly efficient and robust multi-functional electrode materials can dramatically reduce the overall cost of electrochemical devices. We here report the controlled synthesis of NiS2/FeS2 nanoparticles encapsulated in N-doped carbon nanorods (NiS2/FeS2/NC) through carbonization and sulfurization of Fe/Ni-based bimetallic metal-organic frameworks. Benefiting from both structural and compositional characteristics, the resulting NiS2/FeS2/NC nanorods possess abundant active sites, high electrical conductivity and rapid mass transfer, thereby delivering 10 and 20 mA cm(-2) at overpotential of 172 mV and 231 mV towards the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction with robust stability in 1.0 M KOH solution, respectively. When employed as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting, it requires only 1.58 V to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm(-2) in 1.0 M KOH, outperforming that of the commercial Pt/C parallel to RuO2. Additionally, lithium-ion batteries tests also show high reversible capacity (718 mA h g(-1) at 100 mA g(-1)) and excellent cycling stability and rate performance. The work in this paper not only provides a promising strategy for designing efficient multi-functional electrode materials with similar morphology and structure, but also can be extended to the synthesis of other mixed metal sulfides for energy conversion and storage.
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| 28. |
- Yang, Sheng-Chun, et al.
(författare)
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A hybrid parallel architecture for electrostatic interactions in the simulation of dissipative particle dynamics
- 2017
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Ingår i: Computer Physics Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-4655 .- 1879-2944. ; 220, s. 376-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, we upgraded the electrostatic interaction method of CU-ENUF (Yang, et al., 2016) which first applied CUNFFT (nonequispaced Fourier transforms based on CUDA) to the reciprocal-space electrostatic computation and made the computation of electrostatic interaction done thoroughly in GPU. The upgraded edition of CU-ENUF runs concurrently in a hybrid parallel way that enables the computation parallelizing on multiple computer nodes firstly, then further on the installed GPU in each computer. By this parallel strategy, the size of simulation system will be never restricted to the throughput of a single CPU or GPU. The most critical technical problem is how to parallelize a CUNFFT in the parallel strategy, which is conquered effectively by deep-seated research of basic principles and some algorithm skills. Furthermore, the upgraded method is capable of computing electrostatic interactions for both the atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) and the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD). Finally, the benchmarks conducted for validation and performance indicate that the upgraded method is able to not only present a good precision when setting suitable parameters, but also give an efficient way to compute electrostatic interactions for huge simulation systems. Program summary Program title: HP-ENUF Program Files doi: http://dx.doLorg/10.17632/zncf24thpv.1 Licensing provisions: GNU General Public License 3 (GPL) Programming language: C, C++, and CUDA C Supplementary material: The program is designed for effective electrostatic interactions of large-scale simulation systems, which runs on particular computers equipped with NVIDIA CPUs. It has been tested on (a) single computer node with Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-3770@ 3.40 GHz (CPU) and GTX 980 Ti (GPU), and (b) MPI parallel computer nodes with the same configurations. Nature of problem: For molecular dynamics simulation, the electrostatic interaction is the most time-consuming computation because of its long-range feature and slow convergence in simulation space, which approximately take up most of the total simulation time. Although the parallel method CU-ENUF (Yang et al., 2016) based on GPU has achieved a qualitative leap compared with previous methods in electrostatic interactions computation, the computation capability is limited to the throughput capacity of a single GPU for super scale simulation system. Therefore, we should look for an effective method to handle the calculation of electrostatic interactions efficiently for a simulation system with super-scale size. Solution method: We constructed a hybrid parallel architecture, in which CPU and GPU are combined to accelerate the electrostatic computation effectively. Firstly, the simulation system is divided into many subtasks via domain-decomposition method. Then MPI (Message Passing Interface) is used to implement the CPU parallel computation with each computer node corresponding to a particular subtask, and furthermore each subtask in one computer node will be executed in GPU in parallel efficiently. In this hybrid parallel method, the most critical technical problem is how to parallelize a CUNFFT (nonequispaced fast Fourier transform based on CUDA) in the parallel strategy, which is conquered effectively by deep-seated research of basic principles and some algorithm skills. Restrictions: The HP-ENUF is mainly oriented to super-scale system simulations, in which the performance superiority is shown adequately. However, for a small simulation system containing less than 106 particles, the mode of multiple computer nodes has no apparent efficiency advantage or even lower efficiency due to the serious network delay among computer nodes, than the mode of single computer node. References: (1) S.-C. Yang, H.J. Qian, Z.-Y. Lu, Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal. 2016, http://dx.doLorg/10.1016/j.acha. 2016.04.009. (2) S.-C. Yang, Y.-L. Wang, G.-S. Jiao, H.J. Qian, Z.-Y. Lu, J. Comput. Chem. 37 (2016) 378. (3) S.-C. Yang, Y.-L. Zhu, H.-J. Qian, Z.-Y. Lu, Appl. Chem. Res. Chin. Univ., 2017, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/ s40242-016-6354-5. (4) Y.-L. Zhu, H. Liu, Z.-W. Li, H.J. Qian, G. Milano, Z.-Y. Lu, J. Comput. Chem. 34 (2013) 2197.
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| 29. |
- Yang, Sheng-Chun, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerating electrostatic interaction calculations with graphical processing units based on new developments of ewald method using non-uniform fast fourier transform
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Computational Chemistry. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0192-8651 .- 1096-987X. ; 37:3, s. 378-387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present new algorithms to improve the performance of ENUF method (F. Hedman, A. Laaksonen, Chem. Phys. Lett. 425, 2006, 142) which is essentially Ewald summation using Non-Uniform FFT (NFFT) technique. A NearDistance algorithm is developed to extensively reduce the neighbor list size in real-space computation. In reciprocal-space computation, a new algorithm is developed for NFFT for the evaluations of electrostatic interaction energies and forces. Both real-space and reciprocal-space computations are further accelerated by using graphical processing units (GPU) with CUDA technology. Especially, the use of CUNFFT (NFFT based on CUDA) very much reduces the reciprocal-space computation. In order to reach the best performance of this method, we propose a procedure for the selection of optimal parameters with controlled accuracies. With the choice of suitable parameters, we show that our method is a good alternative to the standard Ewald method with the same computational precision but a dramatically higher computational efficiency.
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| 30. |
- Zhou, Bin, et al.
(författare)
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Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: A pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4.4 million participants
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 387:10027, s. 1513-1530
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: One of the global targets for non-communicable diseases is to halt, by 2025, the rise in the age standardised adult prevalence of diabetes at its 2010 levels. We aimed to estimate worldwide trends in diabetes, how likely it is for countries to achieve the global target, and how changes in prevalence, together with population growth and ageing, are aff ecting the number of adults with diabetes.Methods: We pooled data from population-based studies that had collected data on diabetes through measurement of its biomarkers. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in diabetes prevalence-defined as fasting plasma glucose of 7.0 mmol/L or higher, or history of diagnosis with diabetes, or use of insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs-in 200 countries and territories in 21 regions, by sex and from 1980 to 2014. We also calculated the posterior probability of meeting the global diabetes target if post-2000 trends continue.Findings: We used data from 751 studies including 4372000 adults from 146 of the 200 countries we make estimates for. Global age-standardised diabetes prevalence increased from 4.3% (95% credible interval 2.4-17.0) in 1980 to 9.0% (7.2-11.1) in 2014 in men, and from 5.0% (2.9-7.9) to 7.9% (6.4-9.7) in women. The number of adults with diabetes in the world increased from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014 (28.5% due to the rise in prevalence, 39.7% due to population growth and ageing, and 31.8% due to interaction of these two factors). Age-standardised adult diabetes prevalence in 2014 was lowest in northwestern Europe, and highest in Polynesia and Micronesia, at nearly 25%, followed by Melanesia and the Middle East and north Africa. Between 1980 and 2014 there was little change in age-standardised diabetes prevalence in adult women in continental western Europe, although crude prevalence rose because of ageing of the population. By contrast, age-standardised adult prevalence rose by 15 percentage points in men and women in Polynesia and Micronesia. In 2014, American Samoa had the highest national prevalence of diabetes (>30% in both sexes), with age-standardised adult prevalence also higher than 25% in some other islands in Polynesia and Micronesia. If post-2000 trends continue, the probability of meeting the global target of halting the rise in the prevalence of diabetes by 2025 at the 2010 level worldwide is lower than 1% for men and is 1% for women. Only nine countries for men and 29 countries for women, mostly in western Europe, have a 50% or higher probability of meeting the global target.Interpretation: Since 1980, age-standardised diabetes prevalence in adults has increased, or at best remained unchanged, in every country. Together with population growth and ageing, this rise has led to a near quadrupling of the number of adults with diabetes worldwide. The burden of diabetes, both in terms of prevalence and number of adults aff ected, has increased faster in low-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries.
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