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- Lidegaard, Mark, et al.
(författare)
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Can childcare work be designed to promote moderate and vigorous physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and health? Study protocol for the Goldilocks-childcare randomised controlled trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Despite extensive efforts, issues like obesity and poor physical capacity remain challenges for a healthy work life in several occupations. The Goldilocks work principle offers a new approach, encouraging design of productive work to promote physical capacity and health. This paper presents the protocol for the Goldilocks-childcare study, a randomised controlled intervention trial aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing the Goldilocks work principle in childcare. The primary aim of the intervention is to increase time in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) by having the childcare workers act as active role models for children in daily playful physical activities, and thereby improve cardiorespiratory fitness and health of the workers.Methods/ design: The study is a cluster-randomised trial with a usual-practice wait-list control group. The 10-week intervention consists of two phases. In the first, the childcare workers will participate in two participatory workshops aiming, a) to develop playful physical activities (‘Goldilocks-games’) for children in which childcare workers participate as active role models at MVPA intensity, and b) to develop action plans for implementation of the Goldilocks-games in daily work routines. In the second phase, childcare institutions will implement the Goldilocks-games. The primary outcome is working time spent in MVPA, and secondary outcomes are cardiorespiratory fitness, sleeping heart rate, perceived need for recovery, and productivity. Primary outcome and process evaluation will be based on direct measurements of physical activity and heart rate, determination of cardiorespiratory fitness, and questionnaires.Discussion: If proven effective, the Goldilocks work principle has a large potential for promoting sustainable health and working lives of childcare workers.
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| 2. |
- Gupta, Nidhi, et al.
(författare)
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Movement behavior profiles and obesity : a latent profile analysis of 24-h time-use composition among Danish workers
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 44:2, s. 409-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/objectivesAn element of obesity prevention is increasing total physical activity energy expenditure. However, this approach does not incorporate the balance of various movement behaviors—physical activity, sedentary behaviors and sleep - across domains of the day. We aimed to identify time-use profiles over work and leisure, termed ‘movement behavior profiles’ and to investigate their association with obesity.Subjects/methodsEight-hundred-and-seven workers completed (a) thigh accelerometry and diaries to determine their 24-h composition of behaviors (sedentary and standing, light physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity at work and leisure, and time in bed) and (b) obesity measurements. Movement behavior profiles were determined using latent profile analyses of isometric log-ratios of the 24-h composition, and labeled according to animal movement behavior traits. Linear models were applied to determine the association between profiles and obesity.ResultsFour profiles were identified, labeled as “Chimpanzees” (n = 226), “Lions” (n = 179), “Ants” (n = 244), and “Koalas” (n = 158). “Chimpanzees” work time was evenly distributed between behaviors while their leisure time was predominantly active. Compared to Chimpanzees, “Lions” were more active at work and sedentary during leisure and spent more time in bed; “Ants” were more active at work and during leisure; “Koalas” were more sedentary at work and leisure and spent similar time in bed. With “Chimpanzees” as reference, “Lions” had least favorable obesity indicators: +2.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.6, 3.4) %body fat, +4.3 cm (1.4, 7.3) waist circumference and +1.0 (2.0, 0.0) Body Mass Index (BMI), followed by “Koalas” +2.0 (0.4, 3.7) %body fat, +3.1 cm (0.1, 6.0) waist circumference, and +0.8 (−0.30, 1.94) BMI. No significant differences were found between “Chimpanzees” and “Ants”.ConclusionsMovement behavior profiles across work and leisure time-use compositions are associated with obesity. Achieving adequate balance between work and leisure movement behaviors should be further investigated as a potential obesity prevention strategy.
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| 3. |
- Gupta, Nidhi, et al.
(författare)
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Time-based data in occupational studies - the whys, the hows and some remaining challenges in Compositional Data Analysis (CoDA)
- 2020
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Ingår i: Annals of Work Exposures and Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 2398-7308 .- 2398-7316. ; 64:8, s. 778-785
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data on the use of time in different exposures, behaviors and work tasks are common in occupational research. Such data are most often expressed in hours, minutes, or percentage of work time. Thus, they are constrained or “compositional”, in that they add up to a finite sum (e.g. 8 hours of work, or 100% work time). Due to their properties, compositional data need to be processed and analyzed using a set of specifically adapted methods called compositional data analysis (CoDA). CoDA has become an established framework to handle compositional data in various scientific fields such as nutritional epidemiology, geology and chemistry, but has only recently gained attention in public and occupational health sciences. In this paper, we introduce the reader to CoDA by explaining why CoDA should be used when dealing with compositional time-use data, showing how to perform CoDA, including a worked example, and pointing at some remaining challenges in CoDA. The paper concludes by emphasizing that CoDA in occupational research is still in its infancy, and stresses the need for further development and experience in the use of CoDA for time-based occupational exposures. We hope that the paper will encourage researchers to adopt and apply CoDA in studies of work exposures and health.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Sitting, standing and moving during work and leisure among male and female office workers of different age: A compositional data analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Nature. - 1471-2458. ; 20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Gendered patterns of physical activity behaviours may help explaining health inequalities between men and women. However, evidence on such patterns in the working population is sparse. This study aimed at documenting and comparing compositions of sitting, standing and moving at work and during leisure among male and female office workers of different age.Methods Sitting (including lying), standing and moving were measured using accelerometry for, on average, four working days in 55 male and 57 female Swedish office workers. Behaviours were described in terms of time spent in four exhaustive categories: sitting in short (<30 min) and long (≥30 min) bouts, standing, and moving. In a compositional data analysis approach, isometric log-ratios (ilr) were calculated for time sitting relative to non-sitting, time in short relative to long sitting bouts, and time in standing relative to moving. Differences between genders (men vs. women), domains (work vs. leisure), and according to age were examined for each ilr using ANOVA.Results At work, time spent sitting in short bouts, sitting in long bouts, standing, and moving was, on average, 29%, 43%, 21% and 7% among men, and 28%, 38%, 26% and 7% among women. Corresponding proportions during leisure were 34%, 27%, 27% and 13% among men and 28%, 27%, 32% and 13% among women. Men spent more time sitting relative to non-sitting (partial eta-squared=0.04, p=0.03) than women, and less time standing relative to moving (pes=0.07, p=0.01). At work compared to during leisure, both genders spent more time sitting relative to non-sitting (pes=0.47, p<0.01); within sitting more time was spent in long relative to short sitting bouts (pes=0.26, p<0.01), and within non-sitting, more time was spent standing than moving (pes=0.12, p<0.01). Older workers spent less of their non-sitting time moving than younger workers (pes=0.07, p=0.01).Conclusion Male office workers spent more time sitting relative to non-sitting than female workers, and more time moving relative to standing. Both genders were sitting more at work than during leisure. Older workers moved less than younger. These workers could likely benefit from interventions to reduce or break up prolonged sitting time, preferably by moving more.
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| 5. |
- Lerche, Anders Fritz, et al.
(författare)
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Can childcare work be designed to promote high intensity physical activity for improved fitness and health? A proof of concept study of the Goldilocks principle
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Childcare workers are reported to have high variation in physical activity during work hours, but also to sit for about half of the workday and have almost no high intensity physical activity (HIPA). No study has investigated if their work can be re-designed to introduce HIPA, thus promoting fitness and health according to the Goldilocks principle. This study investigated the feasibility of designing pedagogical games (‘Goldilocks-games’) intended to lead to more HIPA. Heart rate was measured in nineteen childcare workers during Goldilocks-games, and compared to measurements during a regular workday. Worker perceptions of feasibility, and researcher observations of contextual factors were also collected. The Goldilocks-games (33 min) elicited significantly more HIPA (18/33 min) compared to the most active period of equal length on a regular workday (0.5/33 min). Seventy-four-percent of the childcare workers reported that it was feasible to integrate the Goldilocks-games pedagogically, and seventy-two-percent could see themselves using them. Thus, we found it possible to re-design a work task in childcare according to the Goldilocks principle so that it leads to substantial time with HIPA. The sustainability of Goldilocks-games in childcare, and their effectiveness in improving fitness and health among childcare workers, needs to be tested in further studies.
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| 6. |
- Stevens, Matthew, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerometer-measured physical activity at work and need for recovery: A compositional analysis of cross-sectional data
- 2020
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Ingår i: Annals of Work Exposures and Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 2398-7308 .- 2398-7316. ; 64:2, s. 138-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesPrevious research has shown strong associations between occupational physical activity (OPA) and need for recovery (NFR). However this research has only utilized self-reported measures of OPA which may be biased. Thus, there is a need for investigating if the previously documented association between self-reported OPA and NFR can be found when using technical measures of OPA. There is also the need to investigate whether older workers are particularly susceptible to increased NFR, since age-related declines in physical capacity mean that it is likely these workers will have a higher NFR for a given physical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between technically measured OPA and NFR, and whether this relationship is modified by age.MethodsThis study utilized data from the Danish Physical Activity Cohort with Objective Measurements cohort—comprising Danish workers (n = 840) from the cleaning, manufacturing, and transportation sectors. OPA was measured by accelerometers attached to the thigh and upper back for at least one work day and classified into four physical behaviour categories (sedentary, standing, light, or moderate/vigorous). NFR was measured using a shortened version of the Danish NFR scale. Analysis was conducted using linear regression and isotemporal substitution analyses for compositional data.ResultsThe overall association between OPA and NFR was statistically significant in the unadjusted model (P < 0.001), but not when adjusted for age, sex, occupation, and shift work (P = 0.166). Isotemporal substitution showed small but significant reductions in NFR when increasing sedentary time relative to other behaviours (adjusted: ΔNFR = −0.010 [−0.019; −0.001]). There were no significant interactions between age and OPA (P = 0.409).ConclusionsThis study found significant associations between OPA and NFR, but the effect sizes were small. Reallocating 30 min to sedentary behaviours from other behaviours was associated with a reduced NFR, but the effect size may not be practically relevant. Moreover, no clear modifying effects of age were identified.
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