| 1. |
- Reichenberg, Lina, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Dampening variaiton in the Northern European Wind ENergy Output
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings 11th International Workshop on Large-Scale Integration of Wind Power.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The limit to dampen the variation in the output of the wind energy in the Nordic countries and Germany was investigated using meteorological wind speed data. Data from 2009 was used and tests were performed on data from 2006-2008. The results show that the variation in aggregated wind power output can be significantly lowered from finding an optimal allocation. For the data used in this work, the coefficient of variation (standard deviation/mean) was 0.50 for the optimized aggregation of sites, compared to 0.75 for the present day installation. Thus, such an optimal allocation may result in less need for dispatch and other measures to deal with the intermittency of wind power.
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| 2. |
- Reichenberg, Lina, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Dampening variations in wind power generation-the effect of optimizing geographic location of generating sites
- 2014
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Ingår i: Wind Energy. - : Wiley. - 1099-1824 .- 1095-4244. ; 17:11, s. 1631-1643
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a method to dampen the variations in the output of aggregated wind power through geographic allocation of wind power generation sites. The method, which is based on the sequential optimization of site localization, is applied to the Nordic countries and Germany, using meteorologic wind speed data as the input. The results show that the variability in aggregated wind power output mitigates by applying sequential optimization. For the data used in this work, the coefficient of variation (standard deviation/mean) was 0.54 for the optimized aggregation of sites, as compared with 0.91 for the present day installation. An optimal allocation of wind power generation site reduces the need for dispatch and other measures to deal with the intermittent nature of wind power.
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| 3. |
- Reichenberg, Lina, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Large scale integration of wind power – influence of geographical allocation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal. - : AEDERMACP (European Association for the Development of Renewable Energies and Power Quality). - 2172-038X. ; 1:9, s. 1344-1349
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the influence of geographical allocation of wind power generation in Northern Europe, assuming large scale integration of wind power. The work applies a linear cost optimization model of the heat and power sector with a 1-hour time resolution. The model minimizes the sum of running costs to meet the heat and power demand and the wind power and transmission investment costs. Wind data are taken from modelled wind speed data from the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute. The Nordic countries and Germany were divided into regions and the 200 sites with the highest yearly output were chosen to represent the region. The model gives the most favourable distribution of wind power between the regions. In addition, the paper provides an assessment of the effect of geographical distribution of wind power with respect to influence on the aggregated wind power production (only considering the wind power generation itself). The modelling results show that the largest investments in wind power are made in the windy region of Southern Norway. However, depending on the cost of transmission allocating wind power near large load centers in Germany may also be favourable. As for the assessment of distribution of wind power, the wind data gives that if the 400 best sites in Europe were used, this would result in a capacity factor of 38.5% and a lowest output of 2.5 % of rated power (applying 2009 wind data).
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| 4. |
- Reichenberg, Lina, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Maximizing Value of Wind Power Allocation: a Multi-objective Optimization approach
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings 11th International Workshop on Large-Scale Integration of Wind Power.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The trade-off between average output and standard deviation of the aggregated wind power output in Europe was investigated using a multi-objective optimization approach. By varying the allocation of wind power to different regions in Europe and aggregating the output, emphasis can be shifted between variability and average output. In the optimization, the objective of minimizing standard deviation is related to maximizing the aggregated capacity factor. A case where the capacity of wind power was five times the present installation was investigated. It was found, that the standard deviation of the aggregated output for the optimal aggregations range between 8.1 % and 19.5 % with a corresponding range in average output between 18.4 % and 37.3 %.
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