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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Wiedorn, Max O., et al.
(författare)
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Megahertz serial crystallography
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2041-1723. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The new European X-ray Free-Electron Laser is the first X-ray free-electron laser capable of delivering X-ray pulses with a megahertz inter-pulse spacing, more than four orders of magnitude higher than previously possible. However, to date, it has been unclear whether it would indeed be possible to measure high-quality diffraction data at megahertz pulse repetition rates. Here, we show that high-quality structures can indeed be obtained using currently available operating conditions at the European XFEL. We present two complete data sets, one from the well-known model system lysozyme and the other from a so far unknown complex of a beta-lactamase from K. pneumoniae involved in antibiotic resistance. This result opens up megahertz serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) as a tool for reliable structure determination, substrate screening and the efficient measurement of the evolution and dynamics of molecular structures using megahertz repetition rate pulses available at this new class of X-ray laser source.
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| 4. |
- Beaufils, Philipp, et al.
(författare)
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Reprint of : Surgical management of degenerative meniscus lesions: The 2016 ESSKA meniscus consensus
- 2017
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Ingår i: Sports Orthopaedics and Traumatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0949-328X. ; 33:3, s. 293-304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: A degenerative meniscus lesion is a slowly developing process typically involving a horizontal cleavage in a middle-aged or older person. When the knee is symptomatic, arthroscopic partial meniscectomy has been practised for a long time with many case series reporting improved patient outcomes. Since 2002, several randomised clinical trials demonstrated no additional benefit of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy compared to nonoperative treatment, sham surgery or sham arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. These results introduced controversy in the medical community and made clinical decision-making challenging in the daily clinical practice. To facilitate the clinical decision-making process, a consensus was developed. This initiative was endorsed by ESSKA. Methods: A degenerative meniscus lesion was defined as a lesion occurring without any history of significant acute trauma in a patient older than 35 years. Congenital lesions, traumatic meniscus tears and degenerative lesions occurring in young patients, especially in athletes, were excluded. The project followed the so-called formal consensus process, involving a steering group, a rating group and a peer-review group. A total of 84 surgeons and scientists from 22 European countries were included in the process. Twenty questions, their associated answers and an algorithm based on extensive literature review and clinical expertise, were proposed. Each question and answer set was graded according to the scientific level of the corresponding literature. Results: The main finding was that arthroscopic partial meniscectomy should not be proposed as a first line oftreatment for degenerative meniscus lesions. Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy should only be considered after a proper standardised clinical and radiological evaluation and when the response to non-operative management has not been satisfactory. Magnetic resonance imaging of the knee is typically not indicated in the first-line work-up, but knee radiography should be used as an imaging tool to support a diagnosis of osteoarthritis or to detect certain rare pathologies, such as tumours or fractures of the knee. Discussion: The present work offers a clear framework for the management of degenerative meniscus lesions, with the aim to balance information extracted from the scientific evidence and clinical expertise. Because of biases and weaknesses of the current literature and lack of definition of important criteria such as mechanical symptoms, it cannot be considered as an exact treatment algorithm. It summarises the results of the "ESSKA Meniscus Consensus Project" (http://www.esska.org/education/projects) and is the first official European consensus on this topic. The consensus may be updated and refined as more high-quality evidence emerges. Level of evidence: I.
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| 5. |
- Bowden, John A., et al.
(författare)
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Harmonizing lipidomics : NIST interlaboratory comparison exercise for lipidomics using SRM 1950-Metabolites in Frozen Human Plasma
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Lipid Research. - 0022-2275 .- 1539-7262. ; 58:12, s. 2275-2288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the lipidomics field continues to advance, self-evaluation within the community is critical. Here, we performed an interlaboratory comparison exercise for lipidomics using Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1950-Metabolites in Frozen Human Plasma, a commercially available reference material. The interlaboratory study comprised 31 diverse laboratories, with each laboratory using a different lipidomics workflow. A total of 1,527 unique lipids were measured across all laboratories and consensus location estimates and associated uncertainties were determined for 339 of these lipids measured at the sum composition level by five or more participating laboratories. These evaluated lipids detected in SRM 1950 serve as community-wide benchmarks for intra-and interlaboratory quality control and method validation. These analyses were performed using nonstandardized laboratory-independent workflows. The consensus locations were also compared with a previous examination of SRM 1950 by the LIPID MAPS consortium.jlr While the central theme of the interlaboratory study was to provide values to help harmonize lipids, lipid mediators, and precursor measurements across the community, it was also initiated to stimulate a discussion regarding areas in need of improvement.
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| 6. |
- Gojon, Romain, et al.
(författare)
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Azimuthal organisation of turbulent structures in underexpanded impinging round jets
- 2016
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Ingår i: 22nd AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, 2016. - Reston, Virginia : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. - 9781624103865
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The azimuthal organisation of the turbulent structures in underexpanded round jets impinging on a flat plate have been investigated using compressible large eddy simulation. The jet shear-layer region, as well as the region of the wall jets created on the plate after the impact are considered. The jets are characterized by a Nozzle Pressure Ratio of 4.03, a fully expanded Mach number of 1.56, and a Reynolds number of 6 × 104. The distance between the nozzle and the plate varies from 4.16r0 to 9.32r0. The jets generate acoustic tones due to a feedback mechanism. In this paper, the near pressure and density fields of the jets are analysed using Fast Fourier Transform on the nozzle exit plane, the plate, and an azimuthal plane. The amplitude and the phase fields on these sections at the tone frequencies are represented. Similar organisations of the turbulent structures are found in the jet shear layers and the wall jets. Thus, axisymmetric and helical arrangements of the structures in the shear layers lead to spiral and concentric distributions of the structures on the plate, respectively. In particular, for one of the jets, a spiral shape and concentric rings, associated with two tone frequencies generated simultaneously, are observed on the flat plate in the pressure and density phase fields. Moreover, the convection velocity of the turbulent structures on the plate is evaluated from the phase fields. Several diameters away from the jet axis, the velocities found for the present jets compare well with those found experimentally in the phase-averaged distributions of fluctuating pressure for impinging ideally expanded jets using fast-response Pressure-Sensitive Paint. Near the jet axis, given that the present jets are underexpanded, differences are observed, due to the presence of shock cell structures in the jets. Finally, the convection velocity of the turbulent structures on the wall are estimated from cross-correlations of radial velocity. The values obtained compare well with those determined from the phase fields.
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| 7. |
- Gojon, Romain, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of the feedback mechanism in ideally expanded round impinging jets using large-eddy simulation
- 2016
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Ingår i: 22nd AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, 2016. - Reston, Virginia : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large-eddy simulations (LES) have been performed in order to study the tone generation mechanism in four supersonic ideally expanded round impinging jets. The jets have a Mach number of 1.5, and a Reynolds number of 6 × 104. They impinge normally on a flat plate located at a distance from the nozzle exit varying from 6r0 up to 12r0 where r0 is the jet nozzle radius. The aerodynamic properties of the jets are first investigated. In particular, the convection velocity of the turbulent structures in the jet shear layers is computed. In the spectra of pressure fluctuations in the vicinity of the nozzle exit, intense tones emerge. Their associated Strouhal numbers are in agreement with measurements available for round impinging jets with similar exit conditions. The tone frequencies also correspond well to the frequencies predicted by the classical model of the aeroacoustic feedback establishing between the nozzle lips and the flat plate. A study of the feedback mechanism is then proposed by applying Fourier decomposition to the near pressure fields. The feedback mechanism is found to lead to the formation of hydrodynamic-acoustic standing waves. Moreover, for each tone frequency, the corresponding axisymmetric or helical oscillation mode of the jet is examined. Finally, an analysis is conducted using a vortex sheet model of the jet in order to determine the allowable frequency ranges of the upstream-propagating neutral acoustic wave modes. The tone frequencies obtained in the LES fall within these ranges, depending on their axisymmetric or helical nature.
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| 8. |
- Rochman, Dimitri, et al.
(författare)
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The TENDL library : Hope, reality and future
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nd 2016 Bruges. - Les Ulis : EDP Sciences. - 9782759890200
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The TALYS Evaluated Nuclear Data Library (TENDL) has now 8 releases since 2008. Considerable experience has been acquired for the production of such general-purpose nuclear data library based on the feedback from users, evaluators and processing experts. The backbone of this achievement is simple and robust: completeness, quality and reproducibility. If TENDL is extensively used in many fields of applications, it is necessary to understand its strong points and remaining weaknesses. Alternatively, the essential knowledge is not the TENDL library itself, but rather the necessary method and tools, making the library a side product and focusing the efforts on the evaluation knowledge. The future of such approach will be discussed with the hope of nearby greater success.
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| 9. |
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