| 1. |
- Bui, Thanh, et al.
(författare)
-
Data Driven Traffic Management Policy
- 2020
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Large amounts of data and information is generated for different purposes every day in the traffic system. There is an increased interest within the Swedish Transport Administration (STA) in using this data for planning of maintenance, traffic management and strategy work. In this report the first steps towards such a system is developed by the process of defining a business objective, collecting data, understand the data, prepare the data, create a model and evaluate the results. All these different steps were important in the performed study. To find a good case creating business value required lots of discussions and interviews with key figures at STA. The case investigated is to predict the traffic situation on four road segments in Gothenburg based on two years of data for the traffic situation, weather, and road situation including accidents and road works.The data for primarily weather and traffic are not collected for the purpose of being used for this application. This is one reason for that data is missing from some of the data sets for different time periods. One conclusion from the project is that data analysts must be included not only in the data analyze phase, but also in the data collection phase to achieve good results.Different methods for creating data driven models are evaluated and compared based on the two year period of data available. It is found that linear regression performs better than tree-based classification and prediction method regarding performance, while the tree-based method more clearly can create understanding for what variables that correlate to the traffic situation.The methods for developing models based on the data used in this project are generic and are possible to be used when larger data sets are available. Additional data sources, such as events in the city and building works may also be included in such analysis. Furthermore, it is found valuable to have the possibility to develop models on a local computer based on a smaller data set, and make the final computations based on the larger data sets in a cloud based solution.
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| 2. |
- Molin, Antonio, et al.
(författare)
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Examining value creation in public sector AI implementation
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Electronic Government. - : Springer. - 9783031702730 - 9783031702747 ; , s. 317-333
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Public sector AI adoption is rapidly increasing as AI-based solutions are implemented in various domains. These solutions typically address existing problems within the public sector organizations’ core missions and are gener- ally seen as offering opportunities to increase operational quality and efficiency. This is for instance done through augmentation of decision-making processes and case handling activities. However, despite these aspirations, nascent research indi- cates that the anticipated outcomes often fail to materialize. The development and implementation of public sector AI-based solutions is laden with complex techno- logical and legal challenges that often divert attention away from realizing actual business value. Drawing from formal and informal project documentation from a high-profile AI augmentation initiative at the Swedish Social Insurance Agency (SIA), we identify five dimensions that illustrate how technological advancement may prosper at the cost of business value realization in public sector AI initiatives.
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| 3. |
- Apanasevic, Tatjana, et al.
(författare)
-
Crowdsourcing and Public Transportation : Barriers and Opportunities
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 23rd Biennial Conference of the International Telecommunications Society (ITS). - : International Telecommunications Society.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the last decade, private companies have successfully used crowdsourcing to revolutionise mobility, while public transport companies are still mostly failing to utilise the benefits of crowdsourcing. The application of crowdsourcing in public transport is a new area of academic research, and research on crowdsourcing en route in real-time is missing. This research aims to address this gap, explore opportunities and challenges of this type of crowdsourcing, and conceptualise this phenomenon. The research is based on empirical data collected in five Northern European countries. Our research findings help identify areas where crowdsourcing en route can add value to public transport: new forms of communication, opportunities to communicate with third parties, and improved transit planning and optimisation. Identified challenges are related to behavioural change for users, a need to develop infrastructure to enable crowdsourcing en route, and financial rationalities.
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| 4. |
- Arnestrand, Elias, et al.
(författare)
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Nationell digital infrastruktur för kombinerad mobilitet : mot en smartare organisation
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Sammanställning av referat från Transportforum 2024. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 234-235
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta abstract är en del av Trafikverkets regeringsuppdrag Mobilitet som en tjänst. Kombinerad mobilitet innebär att flera transportrelaterade tjänster kombineras till en resa, där kollektivtrafiken är ett viktigt grundfundament. Kombinerad mobilitet kräver dock att det finns data tillgängligt och tjänster som möjliggör kombinationen. det vill säga en väl fungerande digital infrastruktur. Idag finns brister i hur denna digitala infrastruktur i Sverige är organiserad, vilket adresseras i en rapport framtagen inom ramen för Trafikverkets regeringsuppdrag inom Kombinerad mobilitet. I arbetet definieras och utvecklas vad en digital infrastruktur för kombinerad mobilitet består av, och varför organisationen av den blivit alltmer viktig. Genom en handfull djupintervjuer och sammanställning av tidigare genomförda studier beskriver rapporten hur den digitala infrastrukturen för kombinerad mobilitet är organiserad i Sverige, Finland och Norge, samt skillnader mellan Sverige och övriga länder. Avslutningsvis presenteras ett antal rekommendationer. Det finns många likheter mellan de nordiska länderna när det kommer till kollektivtrafik och kombinerad mobilitet. Exempelvis präglas nordisk kollektivtrafik av regionalt ansvar och väl utbyggda kollektivtrafiksystem. Länderna har dock organiserat den digitala infrastrukturen på olika sätt, vilket påverkar utvecklingen i respektive land.De nordiska länderna har i vissa avseenden valt olika vägar för att organisera digital infrastruktur för kombinerad mobilitet. Detta beror sannolikt på en rad olika faktorer, främst historiska och faktorer som rör hur digitaliseringsfrågorna hanterats i samband med omorganisationer. Det finns en avgörande skillnad mellan de nordiska länderna när det kommer till statens roll i att styra utvecklingen av digital infrastruktur för kombinerad mobilitet. Skillnaden har att göra med hur mycket staten styr utvecklingen. Utifrån analysen av organisationen i de nordiska länderna har ett antal utvecklingsområden identifierats. Det första utvecklingsområdet pekar på behovet av att tydliggöra vilka roller olika aktörer bör ta i ansvaret för den digitala infrastrukturen. Det andra utvecklingsområdet handlar om ett ökat fokus på trafikslag utanför kollektivtrafiken och det sista området att samordna kompetens kring digital infrastruktur.
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| 5. |
- Hagström, Björn, et al.
(författare)
-
Rapport och rekommendationer från NSÖD
- 2022
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inom Nationell Skalning Öppna Data (NSÖD) har vi både genererat kunskap men också analyserat dokumenterade erfarenheter och råd från genomförda projekt och andra organisationer. I denna rapport har vi sammanställt dessa samlade erfarenheter och gör rekommendationer till andra om hur resultatet kan och bör hanteras vidare. De två huvudsakliga tilltänkta mottagarna av resultatet från NSÖD är DIGG och projektet Nationell dataverkstad för kommunal och regional datadelning (Dataverkstad) som samordnas av Västra Götalandsregionen (VGR). Det finns andra mindre användare av resultatet (t.ex. enskilda kommuner) och det kommer troligtvis finnas ännu fler längre fram men det är också troligt att DIGG och Dataverkstaden då har utvecklat arbetet och stödet ännu mer. Den viktigaste anledningen till att DIGG är mottagare är att undvika “projektdöden”, d.v.s. att projektets resultat riskerar bli bortglömt samt oförändrat efter projekttiden (och med tiden därför blir allt mindre relevant). Genom att DIGG tar emot material från NSÖD och gör det till en del av sitt befintliga stöd kan det leva vidare och uppdateras (särskilt vägledningar och rekommendationer). DIGG och NSÖD har dessutom arbetat nära tillsammans kring flera viktiga projektleveranser så att resultatet direkt ägs och förvaltas av DIGG. Leveranserna från NSÖD har alltså varit anpassade för att enkelt kunna tas över och förvaltas av DIGG. Den främsta anledningen till Dataverkstaden som mottagare är att det projektet kan och bör fortsätta det mer praktiska arbete som NSÖD har bedrivit. Det finns praktiska lärdomar och erfarenheter som är direkt relevanta för Dataverkstaden. I viss mån finns också formellt stöd som VGR borde ta över och förvalta och utveckla. Det gäller framför allt vägledningar och specifikationer för hur specifika mängder av öppna data bör formateras och publiceras.
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| 6. |
- Lnenicka, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Identifying patterns and recommendations of and for sustainable open data initiatives : A benchmarking-driven analysis of open government data initiatives among European countries
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Government Information Quarterly. - : Elsevier. - 0740-624X .- 1872-9517. ; 41:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Open government and open (government) data are seen as tools to create new opportunities, eliminate or at least reduce information inequalities and improve public services. More than a decade of these efforts has provided much experience, practices, and perspectives to learn how to better deal with them. This paper focuses on benchmarking of open data initiatives over the years and attempts to identify patterns observed among European countries that could lead to disparities in the development, growth, and sustainability of open data ecosystems. To do this, we studied benchmarks and indices published over the last years (57 editions of 8 artifacts) and conducted a comparative case study of eight European countries, identifying patterns among them considering different potentially relevant contexts such as e-government, open government data, open data indices and rankings, and others relevant for the country under consideration. Using a Delphi method, we reached a consensus within a panel of experts and validated a final list of 94 patterns, including their frequency of occurrence among studied countries and their effects on the respective countries. Finally, we took a closer look at the developments in identified contexts over the years and defined 21 recommendations for more resilient and sustainable open government data initiatives and ecosystems and future steps in this area.
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| 7. |
- Lnenicka, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Sustainable open data ecosystems in smart cities : A platform theory-based analysis of 19 European cities
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Cities. - : Elsevier. - 0264-2751 .- 1873-6084. ; 148
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An understanding of how modern Open Data Ecosystems (ODEs) work is critical in the context of current trends towards sustainability and smartness, while is seen to be an asset to support urban governance and development, in coordinating actions, and fostering civic engagement. This paper aims to establish such understanding by analyzing the contextual patterns, platforms, and components shaping sustainable ODEs by employing platform theory. This study explores and compares characteristics, similarities, differences, and best approaches in 19 cities across 8 countries. In this study we (1) identify 50 patterns that influence and shape sustainable ODEs and their platforms, i.e., Open Data Platform Ecosystems (ODPEs); (2) explore the relationships between platforms and other ODPEs components by developing a respective model, and identifying internal platforms and other components; (3) empirically validate the conceptual findings of five types of ODPEs presented in the literature, redefining them from the conceptual to real-life implementation of the respective components in sample cities; (4) considering the experience gained during the study with respect to the ODPEs and external pressures and environments that shape or influence them, we define 12 recommendations for policy planning and urban governance of more sustainable ODEs.
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| 8. |
- Persson, Per, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Technical Debt in the Municipality Sector - The Missing Link with Citizens and Silofication
- 2023
-
Ingår i: The 14th Scandinavian Conference of Information Systems. - : Association for Information Systems.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Public sector organizations suffer from high levels of technical debt (TD). TD leaves digital infrastructures in a derelict state, making digital transformations costly and risky. Though there is growing research about TD, most studies focus on private businesses, and there is a lack of research about TD in the public sector. In this study, we conduct a case study examining the TD in a Swedish municipality, analyzing archival data such as project reports, municipality blog posts on digital transformation, and goals to improve citizen experience. We focus on four information systems that support permit application processes. Analysis results reveal the common TD types, consequences, and possible causes. Departments work in silos, the case manager perspective is prevalent in requirements, and the citizens only have a limited passive role as system users leading to various types of TD and high costs when integrating legacy systems into a coherent IT architecture. By diving deep into the data from a specific forerunner municipality, we identify TD and increase our understanding of how debt influences digital transformation. Results give a stable ground for further research and practice on mitigating the debt.
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| 9. |
- Persson, Per, 1968, et al.
(författare)
-
Toward Citizen-Centered Digital Government : Design Principles Guided Legacy System Renewal in A Swedish Municipality
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 57th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - : ScholarSpace. - 1530-1605 .- 2572-6862. - 9780998133171 ; , s. 1963-1972
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transformation towards a digital government imposes significant demands on the capabilities of legacy infrastructure. We closely followed a Swedish municipality that designed and implemented a solution to improve the building permit application process with an aim to improve citizen service. We developed six design principles (DPs): availability, timeliness, actionability, transparency, personalization, and generalizability. These DPs guide the solution design and provide a seamless application experience for citizens and business owners. We also discuss the reasoning behind the design choices and the implications of the solution. The artifact encompasses understanding citizens’ needs, identifying constraints of the legacy systems, formulating design principles, and developing architectural designs. However, addressing the social aspects of legacy systems, such as organizational culture change, necessitates additional steps, and is worth investigation in future studies.
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| 10. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Beyond Procurement : How Entur Navigated the Open Source Journey to Advance Public Transport
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE Software. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0740-7459 .- 1937-4194. ; 40:4, s. 62-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report describes how software professionals at the Norwegian public transport organization Entur use open source processes and tools to leverage digital transformation. Moving software acquisition from procurement to open source and in-house development can deliver value but also entails challenges.
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| 11. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Beyond Procurement : How Entur Navigated the Open Source Journey to Advance Public Transport
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE Software. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 0740-7459 .- 1937-4194. ; 40:4, s. 62-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report describes how software professionals at the Norwegian public transport organization Entur use open source processes and tools to leverage digital transformation. Moving software acquisition from procurement to open source and in-house development can deliver value but also entails challenges.
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| 12. |
- Rudmark, Daniel
(författare)
-
Cities’ Use of MDS as Soft Digital Infrastructure for Micromobility : Key Findings and Challenges
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 28th ITS World Congress 2022. - Los Angeles, USA : World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, the e-scooter has gained exceptional worldwide adoption, and their hybrid vehicle design has placed them in a legislative void. To this end, many cities are developing local regulations to govern and follow-up e-scooter operations within their jurisdiction. As e-scooters are equipped with hardware like SIM cards, GPS sensors, and accelerometers, the vehicles can both collect and act on digital information. Increasingly, cities thus draw on these capabilities using the Mobility Data Specification (MDS) as a soft digital infrastructure to e.g., express local regulations and collect operator data for compliance purposes. This paper uses interview data from European and U.S. cities, e-scooter operators, and systems integrators to provide an overview of the history and components of MDS. The paper also presents cities’ current uses and emerging challenges regarding using MDS for regulation, compliance monitoring, as well as data analytics for physical infrastructure planning.
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| 13. |
- Rudmark, Daniel
(författare)
-
Designing Open Platform Emulation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: 42nd International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Austin, TX, USA, December 12-15, 2021.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 14. |
- Rudmark, Daniel
(författare)
-
Designing Platform Emulation
- 2021
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many contemporary firms and public agencies seek to engage external third-party developers to supply complementary applications. However, this type of development sometimes occurs without organizational consent, which creates problems for subjected organizations at both the technical and organizational levels. In this thesis, I have developed a theoretical perspective called open platform emulation. This perspective builds on emulation logics, where designers use an external model as a basis for developing compatible platform capabilities superior to the original model. In this thesis, this model has been external unsanctioned development. In open platform emulation, such capabilities include governance decisions enabling coherence with previously proven solutions, the flexibility to accommodate new development trajectories, and strategies for applying openness to a digital resource. The means to achieve these capabilities involves design rules’ architecture, interfaces, and integration protocols, which convey the capabilities to third-party developers. This way, a platform owner can draw on governance and architectural configurations to emulate self-resourcing behavior through the platform core. I generated the contributions from this thesis by materializing open platform emulation in a clinical setting. More specifically, I used action design research (ADR) together with the Swedish Transport Administration (STA). Starting in early 2012, I led a platform initiative that, in collaboration with the STA, sought to emulate self-resourcing to design an open platform. Here, I conducted two full ADR cycles that resulted in a currently active production platform used by both the STA and external third-party developers. Before this engagement, I also conducted studies of related phenomena within the Swedish public transport industry, and I have continued to follow the STA’s platform trajectory since its release in 2014. The theoretical contributions from this thesis include design principles that seek to guide the designers of open platforms in situations where digital resources are subject to self-resourcing. These design principles cover both product and process aspects throughout the open platform’s developmental trajectory. Also, I offer additional theoretical implications based on this work. These include extensions to current theories on open platforms, different types of platform emulation, an enunciated influence response to outlaw innovation, and methodological implications for guided emergence in ADR.
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| 15. |
- Rudmark, Daniel
(författare)
-
Digital infrastruktur för elsparkcyklar : Resonemang och råd till kommuner
- 2022
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här rapporten riktar sig till dig som söker vägledning om digital infrastruktur och elsparkcyklar, eller har intresse för samspelet mellan policy och digitalisering för elsparkcyklar. Rapporten innehåller sju rekommendationer till kommuner om hur de kan använda den tekniska standarden Mobility Data Specification (MDS) i samband med elsparkcyklar:MDS är lämpligt för svenska kommuner på kort och medellång sikt.MDS är möjligt att använda under GDPR, men det behövs nationella riktlinjer för hur kommuner bör hantera MDS under GDPR.Använd MDS för att uttrycka vissa regler digitalt och bygg också upp central kompetens om hur regler och föreskrifter bäst uttrycks digitalt.Använd MDS för att följa upp regelefterlevnad men komplettera med fysiska kontroller. Införliva säkerhetsmarginaler i regler och sträva efter öppenhet i uppföljningsalgoritmer.Använd MDS i planeringssyfte men var uppmärksam på att tolkningen och implementeringen av GDPR påverkar omfattningen av användbarheten.Ställ krav på att leverantörer publicerar öppna data och överväg om ni kan nyttja en central aktör för att publicera öppna data.Bygg inte eget systemstöd på kommunnivå. Handla i stället upp en extern systemleverantör eller överväg en gemensam systemlösning. Utveckla samtidigt egen kompetens i kommunen om samspelet mellan systemlösningar och trafikpolicyer.Rekommendationerna bygger primärt på intervjuer med personer som arbetar med frågor om mobilitet och digitala tekniska standarder. Majoriteten av de intervjuade organisationerna har en digital infrastruktur för elsparkcyklar, baserad på MDS. De intervjuade arbetar i städer och kommuner, myndigheter, mobilitetsföretag och företag som arbetar med systemintegration, särskilt med MDS. De intervjuade finns i Sverige, inom EU och i USA.
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| 16. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
En nationell digital infrastruktur för kombinerad mobilitet : Mot en smartare organisation
- 2023
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mobilitet som en tjänst – även benämnd kombinerad mobilitet eller mobility as a service (MaaS) är en kombination av olika färdmedelsval för att resenären ska nå önskad målpunkt. Resenären kombinerar olika transportslag som delas med andra, vilket oftast sker med hjälp av en digital plattform. Kombinerad mobilitet kräver dock att det finns data och tjänster som möjliggör kombinationen – en väl fungerande digital infrastruktur. Idag finns brister i hur denna digitala infrastruktur är organiserad vilket rapporten adresserar. Rapporten inleds med vad som avses med en digital infrastruktur för kombinerad mobilitet, och varför organisationen av den blivit alltmer kritisk. De huvudsakliga skälen till den ökande betydelsen är ökade krav från EU att tillhanda data och tjänster, att det krävs proaktivitet från det offentliga för kunna styra infrastrukturen mot transportpolitiska mål, att den traditionella kollektivtrafiken framgent sannolikt kommer att behöva samverka mer med andra trafikslag samt att regionalt självstyre försvårar nationell harmonisering. Dessutom beskriver rapporten hur den digitala infrastrukturen för kombinerad mobilitet är organiserad i Norge, Finland och Danmark och hur detta skiljer sig från svensk organisering.
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| 17. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Feedback Loops in Open Data Ecosystems
- 2022
-
Ingår i: IEEE Software. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 0740-7459 .- 1937-4194. ; 39:1, s. 43-47
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Public agencies are increasingly publishing open data to increase transparency and fuel data-driven innovation. For these organizations, maintaining sufficient data quality is key to continuous re-use but also heavily dependent on feedback loops being initiated between data publishers and users. This paper reports from a longitudinal engagement with Scandinavian transportation agencies, where such feedback loops have been successfully established. Based on these experiences, we propose four distinct types of data feedback loops in which both data publishers and re-users play critical roles.
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| 18. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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From Integration to Data Sharing - How Developers Subvert the Public Sector
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science. - Cham : Springer. - 0302-9743 .- 1611-3349. - 9783031416170 ; , s. 131-147
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores how organizations expand data-sharing capabilities beyond the loci of emergence. This inquiry was ignited from an observation that external developer practices had subverted a public sector organization into developing transformational data-sharing capabilities that effectively replaced existing integration practices within the agency. To detail and explain how the administration was able to draw on the practices and platforms established for an external context in an organizational (internal) context, we analyzed our empirical dataset using dynamic capabilities theory. By unpacking enabling microfoundations and overarching capabilities, we could explain our observations and put forward six microfoundations that underpin three data-sharing capabilities.
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| 19. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Lessons from the Regulation of E-scooters through the MDS Standard: Policy Lessons for Connected Vehicles
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - : IEEE. - 9780998133164
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Connected vehicles generate new data streams that present promising opportunities for policymakers to monitor and learn from events and behavior. To explore what we can learn from how public entities leverage ubiquitous data streams for policy development and enforcement, we draw on a case study of the standard Mobility Data Specification (MDS) and its use by cities to regulate E-scooter operators. Our findings suggest that (1) the richness of real-time data changes the speed of policy revision, (2) data access enables moving some micro-decisions to the edge, and (3) policy will be formulated as fixed or flexible with different amendment rules.
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| 20. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Open data platforms : Design principles for embracing outlaw innovators
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of strategic information systems. - : Elsevier. - 0963-8687 .- 1873-1198. ; 33:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Open data platforms freely provide citizens with access to public data, thus enabling improved governance transparency, enhanced public services, and increased civic engagement. However, unlocking the potential of this digital transformation strategy requires that public institutions manage the tension between public and private interests. Furthermore, even when public institutions break down traditional barriers for citizens’ access to data, the potential users often lack the knowledge to leverage it in meaningful ways. Open data platforms therefore tend to fall short of expectations. Leveraging a 10-year action design research study (ADR) in the Swedish Transport Administration (STA), this paper develops design principles for creating value-generating open data platforms in the public domain. The ADR project was initiated to assist STA in its efforts to deal with outlaw innovators who scraped train data from different websites to develop travel apps. Through three iterative design cycles that eventually led to the formation of a new open data platform, the outlaw innovators increasingly became valued partners in the digital transformation process. Theorizing this development process, this paper offers three design principles that provide guidance to public institutions aspiring to digitally transform by making public data accessible. We also reflect upon how these institutions might mitigate the risks associated with partnering with outlaw innovators in the pursuit of an open data strategy.
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| 21. |
- Rudmark, Daniel
(författare)
-
Open Data Standards : Vertical Industry Standards to Unlock Digital Ecosystems
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - : ScholarSpace. - 9780998133133 ; , s. 2063-2072
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Standards are considered an essential means to facilitate value creation from open data. Despite this importance, we find that empirical studies of open data standards have not been conducted in proportion to its importance. In particular, the literature has insofar been silent about why specific standards are chosen and how these standards are implemented. To this end, we report from an action research project with the Swedish public transport industry, where open data standards were both chosen and implemented. Consistent with the literature, we find standards were selected based on expected increased attractivity for re-users. Also, and more surprisingly, we found that open data standards were chosen as a means to harness resources in adjacent digital ecosystems. Finally, our findings convey that implementing open data standards may hamper the possibility to publish datasets, with its original qualities.
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| 22. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
The Design of Open Platforms: Towards an Emulation Theory
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - : ScholarSpace. - 9780998133164
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The enrolment of third-party developers is essential to leverage the creation and evolution of data ecosystems. When such complementary development takes place without any organizational consent, however, it causes new social and technical problems to be solved. In this paper, we advance platform emulation as a theoretical perspective to explore the nature of such problem-solving in the realm of open platforms. Empirically, our analysis builds on a 10-year action design research effort together with a Swedish authority. Its deliberate change agenda was to transform unsolicited third-party development into a sanctioned data ecosystem, which led to a live open platform that is still in production use. Theoretically, we synthesize and extend received theory on open platforms and offer novel product and process principles for this class of digital platforms.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Sashiko, Muto, et al.
(författare)
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En jämförande analys av Mobility Data Specification och alternativa standarder : Lärdomar för det svenska transportsystemet
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tidigare forskningsresultat visar att Mobility Data Specification (MDS) på relativt kort tidutvecklats och fått stor spridning samt att användandet av MDS hjälpt städer med att implementera regleringsfrågor och även skapat affärsmöjligheter för externa mjukvaruutvecklare (Rudmark et al., 2023). Huvudsyftet med den här rapporten är att genomjämförande analys vidare utforska och utvärdera vilka framgångsfaktorer som kan förklara OMF/MDS snabba resultat och att utifrån analysen ge rekommendationer för det svenskatransportsystemet. Särskild hänsyn tas även till hur EU:s delegerade akter förhåller sig till de olika standarderna. Ett underliggande mål som guidat rapportens utformning är att hittaformer för att göra regelverk och standardiseringar till kvalitetssäkrade medkrafter, och inte till hinder i utvecklingsarbetet. Rapporten bygger vidare på resultat från tidigare forskning inom projektet (Rudmark, 2022a,2022b; Rudmark et al., 2023). Dessutom har ett antal kompletterande intervjuer genomförtsmed individer med erfarenhet från NeTEx, MDS och NOPTIS.
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| 25. |
- Östling, Alina, et al.
(författare)
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Mobility Data Specification (MDS)
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In recent years, e-scooters have become increasingly common in cities around the world, and municipalities have been working with digital solutions to regulate and monitor their use. The Mobility Data Specification (MDS) is one such standard that many cities use to establish a digital infrastructure for electric scooters. MDS has helped cities with regulatory issues and created business opportunities for outside software developers. This report has particularly focused on business models and ecosystems, semantic interoperability, information security and privacy protection, and data ownership under MDS.
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