| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Adamina, Michel, et al.
(författare)
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ECCO Topical Review Optimising Reporting in Surgery, Endoscopy, and Histopathology Collaboration Between S-ECCO, EduCom, H-ECCO
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Crohn's & Colitis. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 1873-9946 .- 1876-4479. ; 15:7, s. 1089-1105
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aims: Diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] requires a lifelong multidisciplinary approach.The quality of medical reporting is crucial in this context.The present topical review addresses the need for optimised reporting in endoscopy, surgery, and histopathology. Methods: A consensus expert panel consisting of gastroenterologists, surgeons, and pathologists, convened by the European Crohns and Colitis Organisation, performed a systematic literature review. The following topics were covered: in endoscopy: [i] general IBD endoscopy; [ii] disease activity and surveillance; [iii] endoscopy treatment in IBD; in surgery: [iv] medical history with surgical relevance, surgical indication, and strategy; [v] operative approach; [vi] intraoperative disease description; [vii] operative steps; in pathology: [viii] macroscopic assessment and interpretation of resection specimens; [ix] IBD histology, including biopsies, surgical resections, and neoplasia; [x] IBD histology conclusion and report. Statements were developed using a Delphi methodology incorporating two consecutive rounds. Current practice positions were set when >= 80% of participants agreed on a recommendation. Results: Thirty practice positions established a standard terminology for optimal reporting in endoscopy, surgery, and histopathology. Assessment of disease activity, surveillance recommendations, advice to surgeons for operative indication and strategies, including margins and extent of resection, and diagnostic criteria of IBD, as well as guidance for the interpretation of dysplasia and cancer, were handled. A standardised report including a core set of items to include in each specialty report, was defined. Conclusions: Interdisciplinary high-quality care requires thorough and standardised reporting across specialties.This topical review offers an actionable framework and practice recommendations to optimise reporting in endoscopy, surgery, and histopathology.
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| 4. |
- Bhandary, Sumanta, et al.
(författare)
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Complex edge effects in zigzag graphene nanoribbons due to hydrogen loading
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 82:16, s. 165405-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have performed density-functional calculations as well as employed a tight-binding theory, to study the effect of passivation of zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNR) by hydrogen. We show that each edge C atom bonded with 2 H atoms open up a gap and destroys magnetism for small widths of the nanoribbon. However, a re-entrant magnetism accompanied by a metallic electronic structure is observed from eight rows and thicker nanoribbons. The electronic structure and magnetic state are quite complex for this type of termination, with sp(3) bonded edge atoms being nonmagnetic whereas the nearest neighboring atoms are metallic and magnetic. We have also evaluated the phase stability of several thicknesses of ZGNR and demonstrate that sp(3) bonded edge atoms with 2 H atoms at the edge can be stabilized over 1 H atom terminated edge at high temperatures and pressures.
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| 5. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2011
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swepub:Mat__t (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2012
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swepub:Mat__t (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Rodriguez, Juan, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanical weathering effect on tailing particles
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Nordic Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical NGM.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the last century the tailing volume generation has grown dramatically due to the mineral demand. Nowadays the mining industry is producing every year millions of tons of tailings. The storage of the tailings has become a challenge due to the increased storage capacity demanded. Physical risk associated to the tailings dams is the stability itself since tailing dams are considered a walk-away solution. Physical changes as breakage and shape occur to the tailing particles affecting the stability of the fills by reduced strength properties. In order to understand the reduction and shape changes of tailing particles degradation test by milling attrition (erosion) and image analysis was conducted. Uniform fractions 1-0.5, 0.5-025, 0.25-0.125 and 0.125-0.063mm were used.Results have shown that attrition agents e.g. ball attrition can increase the physical erosion but also change the shape of the particles compared with autogenous attrition. However particles shape has become more regular (less elongated) and rounded in coarse fractions 1-0.5 and 0.5-0.25mm while smaller fractions 0.25-0.125 and 0.125-0.063mm seems to have opposite behavior. Comparison with previous milling studies show consistent differences probably due to the breakage of the particles was the objective. In perspective if tailings become more rounded the strength could be compromised. More studies are needed to verify this.
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| 14. |
- Simmen, K. A., et al.
(författare)
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Macrocylic inhibitors of hepatitis C virus
- 2012
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Inhibitors of HCV replication of formula (I)and the N-oxides, salts, and stereoisomers, whereineach dashed line represents an optional double bond;X is N, CH and where X bears a double bond it is C;R1 is —OR7, —NH—SO2R8;R2 is hydrogen, and where X is C or CH, R2 may also be C1-6alkyl;R3 is hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkoxyC1-6alkyl, C3-7cycloalkyl;R4 is aryl or Het; n is 3, 4, 5, or 6;R5 is halo, C1-6alkyl, hydroxy, C1-6alkoxy, phenyl, or Het;R6 is C1-6alkoxy, or dimethylamino;R7 is hydrogen; aryl; Het; C3-7cycloalkyl optionally substituted with C1-6alkyl; or C1-6alkyl optionally substituted with C3-7cycloalkyl, aryl or with Het;R8 is aryl; Het; C3-7cycloalkyl optionally substituted with C1-6alkyl; or C1-6alkyl optionally substituted with C3-7cycloalkyl, aryl or with Het;aryl is phenyl optionally substituted with one, two or three substituents;Het is a 5 or 6 membered saturated, partially unsaturated or completely unsaturated heterocyclic ring containing 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, and being optionally substituted with one, two or three substituents;pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds (I) and processes for preparing compounds (I). Bioavailable combinations of the inhibitors of HCV of formula (I) with ritonavir are also provided.
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| 15. |
- Ahmad, T, et al.
(författare)
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Diabetic osteopathy and the IGF system in the Goto-Kakizaki rat
- 2008
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Ingår i: Growth hormone & IGF research : official journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-6374. ; 18:5, s. 404-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Ahmad, Tashfeen, et al.
(författare)
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Peripheral quantitative computed tomography for the detection of diabetic osteopathy: a study in the Goto-Kakizaki rat.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Investigative radiology. - 0020-9996. ; 38:3, s. 171-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE: To assess the utility of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) in detecting trabecular and cortical bone changes in diabetes as a model of osteopenia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The tibia from 10 type-2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats and 10 control Wistar rats were analyzed by DEXA, pQCT, and ash weight determination. RESULTS: DEXA of GK rats showed a significant reduction in mineral content (32%) and density (24%) of the metaphysis, but not of the diaphysis. PQCT disclosed that the reduction of density predominantly pertained to the trabecular bone (reduced by 62%). Periosteal and endosteal circumferences of the diaphyses were increased and cortical thickness was unchanged leading to increased moment of inertia. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that in osteopathic conditions, cortical and trabecular bone should be separately examined within specific subregions to obtain relevant information. Loss of metaphyseal trabecular bone seems to be a predominant feature in diabetic rats. Moreover, there is increased moment of inertia in the diaphysis implying increased strength. These diagnostic features of diabetic osteopathy can only be assessed by pQCT. It may prove that similar changes occur in human type-2 diabetes, which could explain the susceptibility to periarticular fracture and Charcot arthropathy.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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Maktens kön
- 2007
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Maktens könKvinnor och män i den svenska makteliten på 2000-taletAnita Göransson (red)Varför finns det så få kvinnliga toppchefer i näringslivet, medan det råder könsbalans inom politiken? I en nyutkommen bok presenteras en världsunik undersökning - den första som systematiskt kartlägger och analyserar kvinnors och mäns olika villkor i dagens svenska maktelit. Vilka utgör den svenska makteliten i dag och hur har de nått toppen? Krävs det mer av kvinnor för att nå makt?I boken jämförs kvinnor och män inom näringsliv, politik, förvaltning, organisationsliv, massmedier, kultur och vetenskap. Områden som diskuteras är social bakgrund, utbildning, karriärer, nätverk och kontakter, familjeförhållanden, livsstilar och åsikter om politik, karriär och jämställdhet. En särskild analys görs av medierummets eliter i press, radio och tv.Nio forskare från olika ämnen vid Göteborgs, Umeå och Uppsala universitet analyserar och drar slutsatser om vad som utmärker dem som nått den yppersta makten i det svenska samhället. Författarna representerar ämnen som ekonomisk historia, historia, idéhistoria, journalistik och masskommunikation samt statsvetenskap. På grundval av en omfattande enkätundersökning med ett par tusen makthavare diskuterar de likheter och skillnader mellan kvinnliga och manliga makthavare och mellan olika samhällsområden.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Pinheiro, R., et al.
(författare)
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A world full of mergers : The nordic countries in a global context
- 2016
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Ingår i: Higher Education Dynamics. - Cham : Springer Science and Business Media B.V.. ; , s. 3-25
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this introductory chapter to the volume, the editors present the findings from a literature review undertaken on the topic, and link classical organizational perspectives to the study of merger processes involving higher education institutions. The chapter provides a brief overview of developments across Nordic higher education by referring to Burton Clark’s famous ‘triangle of coordination’. The authors conclude by sketching out the rationale and aim of the comparative study, the ways in which the volume is organized and by providing a short summary of its individual contributions.
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| 23. |
- Zhong, Kai, et al.
(författare)
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Direct measurements and CFD simulations on ice-induced hull pressure of a ship in floe ice fields
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ocean Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0029-8018. ; 272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Floe ice fields are expected to replace level ice to be the most common environment for future polar sea transportation under the long-term trend of global warming. In this study, the authors aim to develop a viable analysis procedure to predict the ice-induced hull pressure characteristics for ships navigating in floe ice fields. A novel ice model test procedure is established, which is characterized by making use of non-refrigerated synthetic model ice and tactile pressure sensors to measure the hull pressure. The numerical tool is based on a state-of-the-art CFD-DEM numerical framework; a novel method to monitor the hull pressure during the interaction between the hull and ice floes during the CFD-DEM simulations. Statistical analysis indicates the probability distributions of the ice pressure from the experiment and the numerical results are comparable. Besides, the impacts of ship speed and ice floe concentration on the hull pressure distribution are also examined. Increasing speed and ice concentration will make the probability distribution of ice pressure shift towards the high-pressure going interval, resulting in an increased mean of ice pressure. It is also found that increased speed leads to a smaller variance, while increased ice concentration results in a larger variance.
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| 24. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
-
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - : Springer. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 25. |
- Abel, Ian, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Multiscale modelling for tokamak pedestals
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Plasma Physics. - 0022-3778 .- 1469-7807. ; 84:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pedestal modelling is crucial to predict the performance of future fusion devices. Current modelling efforts suffer either from a lack of kinetic physics, or an excess of computational complexity. To ameliorate these problems, we take a first-principles multiscale approach to the pedestal. We will present three separate sets of equations, covering the dynamics of edge localised modes (ELMs), the inter-ELM pedestal and pedestal turbulence, respectively. Precisely how these equations should be coupled to each other is covered in detail. This framework is completely self-consistent; it is derived from first principles by means of an asymptotic expansion of the fundamental Vlasov-Landau-Maxwell system in appropriate small parameters. The derivation exploits the narrowness of the pedestal region, the smallness of the thermal gyroradius and the low plasma beta (the ratio of thermal to magnetic pressures) typical of current pedestal operation to achieve its simplifications. The relationship between this framework and gyrokinetics is analysed, and possibilities to directly match our systems of equations onto multiscale gyrokinetics are explored. A detailed comparison between our model and other models in the literature is performed. Finally, the potential for matching this framework onto an open-field-line region is briefly discussed.
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| 26. |
- Bagni, Tommaso, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling Results of the Quench Behavior of a Nb-Ti Canted-Cosine-Theta Corrector Magnet for LHC
- 2024
-
Ingår i: IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity (Print). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1051-8223 .- 1558-2515. ; 34:5, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A newly designed superconducting magnet of the Canted-Cosine-Theta (CCT) type was developed as a result of a collaboration between Swedish universities (Uppsala and Linneaus) and Swedish industries. This magnet was designed to function as a replacement of the present LHC orbit corrector magnets, which are approaching their end of life due to the radiation load. As a result, the new CCT magnet was developed to be more radiation tolerant and to constitute a one-to-one replacement to the currently installed version, which is a 1 m long 70 mm double aperture dipole magnet. The final magnet, which is currently under construction, will be tested at FREIA laboratory at Uppsala University and generate a magnetic field of 3.3 T and an integrated field of 2.8 Tm at about 85 A. To examine the magnet quench behavior and to identify a suitable quench protection system, the 3D electro-magnetic and thermal behavior of the coil was modeled using the RAT-Raccoon software. Based on the simulation results, a Metrosil varistor was selected to protect the magnet during the test. In this article, we report the results of the numerical analysis. The magnet model is equipped with a spot heater to initialize the quench and the temperature and voltages are monitored during the avalanche effect. The simulated current decay and the hot-spot temperature are analyzed with a focus on the impact of quench-back on the magnet protection.
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| 27. |
- Bagni, T., et al.
(författare)
-
Modeling Results of the Quench Behavior of a Nb-Ti Canted-Cosine-Theta Corrector Magnet for LHC
- 2024
-
Ingår i: IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity (Print). - : IEEE. - 1051-8223 .- 1558-2515. ; 34:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A newly designed superconducting magnet of the Canted-Cosine-Theta (CCT) type was developed as a result of a collaboration between Swedish universities (Uppsala and Linneaus) and Swedish industries. This magnet was designed to function as a replacement of the present LHC orbit corrector magnets, which are approaching their end of life due to the radiation load. As a result, the new CCT magnet was developed to be more radiation tolerant and to constitute a one-to-one replacement to the currently installed version, which is a 1 m long 70 mm double aperture dipole magnet. The final magnet, which is currently under construction, will be tested at FREIA laboratory at Uppsala University and generate a magnetic field of 3.3 T and an integrated field of 2.8 Tm at about 85 A. To examine the magnet quench behavior and to identify a suitable quench protection system, the 3D electro-magnetic and thermal behavior of the coil was modeled using the RAT-Raccoon software. Based on the simulation results, a Metrosil varistor was selected to protect the magnet during the test. In this article, we report the results of the numerical analysis. The magnet model is equipped with a spot heater to initialize the quench and the temperature and voltages are monitored during the avalanche effect. The simulated current decay and the hot-spot temperature are analyzed with a focus on the impact of quench-back on the magnet protection.
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| 28. |
- Braide, M, et al.
(författare)
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Optimized density gradient separation of leukocyte fractions from whole blood by adjustment of osmolarity
- 1986
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Ingår i: Journal of Immunological Methods. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7905 .- 0022-1759. ; 93:2, s. 183-191
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some of the compounds used for density gradient separation of blood cells have high osmolarities at the concentrations needed to create the required specific densities. Several mixed media use a combination of hyperosmolar shrinkage and red cell aggregation to improve cell separation. Due to the characteristics of Percoll density gradient medium the density and osmolarity of the gradient can be controlled separately. In the present study, Percoll gradients were used to determine the buoyant densities of different human blood cells at the osmolarities 300 mosM, 350 mosM and 400 mosM. Cell volumes were measured at the same osmolarities using a Coulter counter with channelyzer. As expected, the cell buoyant densities increased and the cell volumes decreased at the higher osmolarities used. There were, however, quantitative differences between the cells with respect to the effects of an increased osmolarity, making a 350 mosM density gradient the most effective in separating mononuclear leukocytes from polymorphonuclear leukocytes. A 400 mosM gradient offered the best possibilities to separate red blood cells from polymorphonuclear leukocytes. A one-step centrifugation procedure, based on these principles, is presented. This procedure makes possible the simultaneous purification of mononuclear leukocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, suitable for functional assays.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Pham, Thi Bich Ngoc
(författare)
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Decentralizing hydraulic society : Actor responses to institutional arrangements in Vietnam
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Irrigation decentralization has been launched worldwide with high expectations of improved governance, efficiency, and productivity through democratic processes. However, there is widespread recognition that decentralization is, in reality, unlikely to bring about these positive outcomes. Poor implementation is widely blamed for these failures, but the current study argues that this is only partially true. Decentralization is usually treated as a technical way of power transfer that can be evaluated through quantitative indicators. Much attention goes to searching solutions to constraints during implementation while less emphasis is on understanding of contexts, processes and the consequences of institutional changes. The common approach mainly focuses on local water users’ organizations but gives insufficient attention to the cross-level interactions between involved actors, their responses to reforms, and power relationships. This approach answers the question: what should be done, but not: why do constraints/limitations occur and why are such contradictory results obtained? In this way the approach itself diffuses some of the challenges in reality and the root of problems leading to surprise consequences and failures during implementation.In this study, two irrigation systems in Vietnam were selected to examine the emerging decentralization processes, actors’ responses to the institutional changes, as well as the main options, challenges and constraints to decentralization. My ambition is also to further understand why constraints occur and have counterproductive effects. A mixed methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative methods, and cross-case analysis are applied. The database was built systematically, based on previous experience in this field, and participatory fieldwork. Decentralization is regarded as a power-laden process involving not just local organizations, but also state agencies, local authorities at different levels, state irrigation companies (IDMCs), and farmers. The study describes how institutional arrangements for decentralization have effects on the dynamics and relations of power between actors in multi-level governance, resulting in impacts on autonomy, accountability, participation, and incentives of involved actors.The analysis shows that the legal framework and several well-intended efforts for decentralization have been launched. However, outcomes in terms of power transfer and actors’ performance are not those expected. The current institutional arrangements have created major constraints: (i) imbalanced power relations, (ii) new resource allocation mechanisms creating dependency among actors, (iii) passiveness, vested interest and privilege within state agencies and IDMCs, and (iv) free-riding behavior and distrust among farmers. Prevailing conditions defy policy intentions by finding a new version of a centralized power structure at provincial level, in which power of state agencies and IDMCs are reinforced. Unexpected effects emerge on the autonomy, accountability, participation, and incentives of all involved actors. Decentralization of irrigation systems is a complex process, not merely a technical transfer of power. It is hard to achieve even with policy in place. All the complexities and implications of irrigation need to be thoroughly considered, with the dynamics in society included. Evaluations of decentralization based on production and economic terms are not enough. Impacts of institutional arrangements on power relations between actors, on their incentives, maneuver room in multi-level governance, and ability to comprehend and influence processes, need to be assessed thoroughly. Essential roles remain for central government when irrigation management is decentralized.
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| 31. |
- Roman, Dumitru, et al.
(författare)
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Big Data Pipelines on the Computing Continuum : Tapping the Dark Data
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Computer. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9162 .- 1558-0814. ; 55:11, s. 74-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The computing continuum enables new opportunities for managing big data pipelines concerning efficient management of heterogeneous and untrustworthy resources. We discuss the big data pipelines lifecycle on the computing continuum and its associated challenges, and we outline a future research agenda in this area.
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| 32. |
- Tabesh, M., et al.
(författare)
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Meeting American Diabetes Association diabetes management targets : trends in Mauritius
- 2017
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Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0742-3071 .- 1464-5491. ; 34:12, s. 1719-1727
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To examine the proportion of people with diabetes in the multi-ethnic country of Mauritius meeting American Diabetes Association targets in 2009 and 2015. Methods: Data from independent population-based samples of 858 and 656 adults with diagnosed diabetes in 2009 and 2015, respectively, were analysed with regard to recommended American Diabetes Association targets for HbA(1c), blood pressure and LDL cholesterol. Results: In 2015 compared with 2009, the proportion of people achieving American Diabetes Association targets for glycaemic control in Mauritius was higher in women (P <= 0.01) and in those with only a primary education level (P=0.07), but not in men or people with a higher level of education. Achievement of blood pressure <140/90 mmHg was higher in 2015 compared with 2009 (60% vs 42%) in people of South Asian ethnicity (P<0.001), but not in those of African ethnicity (P=0.16). The percentages of people with LDL cholesterol <2.59 mmol/l were 42.1% and 50.4%, in 2009 and 2015, respectively (P= 0.27). Better control of HbA(1c) and blood pressure was observed in groups in which that control was poorest in 2009. The use of glucose-, blood pressure- and LDL cholesterol-lowering medication was higher in 2015 than in 2009. Conclusions: In certain subgroups, namely women, those with poorer education and those of South Asian ethnicity, whose target achievement was the poorest in 2009, control of glycaemia and blood pressure was better in 2015 as compared with 2009. While these findings are encouraging, further work is required to improve outcomes.
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| 33. |
- Özdemir, Metin, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Does promoting parents' negative attitudes to underage drinking reduce adolescents' drinking? : the mediating process and moderators of the effects of the Örebro prevention programme
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 111:2, s. 263-271
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: The Örebro Prevention Programme (ÖPP) was found previously to be effective in reducing drunkenness among adolescents [Cohen's d = 0.35, number needed to treat (NNT) = 7.7]. The current study tested the mediating role of parents’ restrictive attitudes to underage drinking in explaining the effectiveness of the ÖPP, and the potential moderating role of gender, immigration status, peers’ and parents’ drinking and parent–adolescent relationship quality.Design: A quasi‐experimental matched‐control group study with assessments at baseline, and at 18‐ and 30‐month follow‐ups.Participants: Of the 895 target youths at ages 12–13 years, 811 youths and 651 parents at baseline, 653 youths and 524 parents at 18‐month and 705 youths and 506 parents at 30‐month follow‐up participated in the study.Measurements: Youths reported on their past month drunkenness, their parents’ and peers’ alcohol use and the quality of their relationship with parents. Parents reported on their attitudes to underage drinking.Findings: The mediation analyses, using latent growth curve modeling, showed that changes in parents’ restrictive attitudes to underage drinking explained the impact of the ÖPP on changes in youth drunkenness, which was reduced, and onset of monthly drunkenness, which was delayed, relative to controls. Mediation effect explained 57 and 45% of the effects on drunkenness and onset of monthly drunkenness, respectively. The programme effects on both parents’ attitudes and youth drunkenness were similar across gender, immigrant status, parents’ and peers’ alcohol use and parent–youth relationship quality.Conclusions: Increasing parents’ restrictive attitudes to youth drinking appears to be an effective and robust strategy for reducing heavy underage drinking regardless of the adolescents’ gender, cultural origin, peers’ and parents’ drinking and relationship quality with parents.
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| 34. |
- Bentayeb, Malek, et al.
(författare)
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Indoor air pollution and respiratory health in the elderly
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1093-4529 .- 1532-4117. ; 48:14, s. 1783-1789
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data on respiratory effects of indoor air pollution in elderly are scanty. The purpose of this review is to summarize current knowledge on adverse respiratory effects of indoor air pollution in individuals aged over 65years, by presenting existing epidemiological evidence. Using MEDLINE database through PubMed, we identified relevant publications published between 1991 and 2011 in English on respiratory health effects of indoor air pollution in elderly (>65years). A total of 61 studies were found and after application of the inclusion criteria: (i) epidemiologic studies published in English in peer-reviewed journals between January 1991 and December 2011, (ii) study population with age over or equal 65years, and (iii) outcome of respiratory symptoms and disease with the exclusion of lung cancer, 33 relevant publications were selected. Most of them showed significant relationships between exposure to major indoor air pollutants and various short-term and long-term respiratory health outcomes such as wheezing, breathlessness, cough, phlegm, asthma, COPD, lung cancer and more rarely lung function decline. The most consistent relationship is found between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Further studies in the elderly population are needed in order to define causal relationships between exposures to indoor air pollution and underlying mechanisms in this sub-population.
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| 35. |
- De Lauretis, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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A Delay-Rational Model of Lossy Multiconductor Transmission Lines with Frequency Independent Per-Unit-Length Parameters
- 2015
-
Ingår i: IEEE transactions on electromagnetic compatibility (Print). - 0018-9375 .- 1558-187X. ; 57:5, s. 1235-1245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cables, printed circuit boards, and VLSI interconnects are commonly modelled as multiconductor transmission lines. Models of electrically long transmission lines are memory and time consuming. In this paper, a robust and efficient algorithmfor the generation of a delay-based model is presented. The impedance representation via the open-end matrix Z is analyzed. In particular, the rational formulation of Z in terms of poles and residues is exploited for both lossless and lossy cases. The delaysof the lines are identified, and explicitly incorporated into the model. A model order reduction of the system is automatically performed, since only a limited number of poles and residues are included in the rational part of the model, whereas the highfrequency behaviour is captured by means of closed expressions that accounts for the delays. The proposed method is applied to two relevant examples and validated through the comparison with reference methods. The time domain solver is found to be more accurate and significantly faster than the one obtained froma pure-rational model.
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| 36. |
- Dimopoulos, Meletios A., et al.
(författare)
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Safety and efficacy of pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone in STRATUS (MM-010) : A phase 3b study in refractory multiple myeloma
- 2016
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 128:4, s. 497-503
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) have poor prognosis. The STRATUS study assessed safety and efficacy of pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone in the largest cohort to date of patients with RRMM. Patients who failed treatment with bortezomib and lenalidomide and had adequate prior alkylator therapy were eligible. Pomalidomide 4 mg was given on days 1-21 of 28-day cycles with low-dose dexamethasone 40 mg (20 mg for patients aged >75 years) on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity. Safety was the primary end point; secondary end points included overall response rate (ORR), duration of response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Among 682 patients enrolled, median age was 66 years, and median time since diagnosis was 5.3 years. Median number of prior regimens was 5. Most patients were refractory to both lenalidomide and bortezomib (80.2%). Median follow-up was 16.8 months; median duration of treatment was 4.9 months. Most frequent grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events were hematologic (neutropenia [49.7%], anemia [33.0%], and thrombocytopenia [24.1%]). Most common grade 3/4 nonhematologic toxicities were pneumonia (10.9%) and fatigue (5.9%). Grade 3/4 venous thromboembolism and peripheral neuropathy were rare (1.6% each). The ORR was 32.6%, and the median DOR was 7.4 months. Median PFS and OS were 4.6 months and 11.9 months, respectively. We present the largest trial to date evaluating pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone in patients with RRMM, further confirming that this regimen offers clinically meaningful benefit and is generally well tolerated. www.Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT01712789.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Gu, Xuan, 1988-
(författare)
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Advanced analysis of diffusion MRI data
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (diffusion MRI) is a non-invasive imaging modality which can measure diffusion of water molecules, by making the MRI acquisition sensitive to diffusion. Diffusion MRI provides unique possibilities to study structural connectivity of the human brain, e.g. how the white matter connects different parts of the brain. Diffusion MRI enables a range of tools that permit qualitative and quantitative assessments of many neurological disorders, such as stroke and Parkinson.This thesis introduces novel methods for diffusion MRI data analysis. Prior to estimating a diffusion model in each location (voxel) of the brain, the diffusion data needs to be preprocessed to correct for geometric distortions and head motion. A deep learning approach to synthesize diffusion scalar maps from a T1-weighted MR image is proposed, and it is shown that the distortion-free synthesized images can be used for distortion correction. An evaluation, involving both simulated data and real data, of six methods for susceptibility distortion correction is also presented in this thesis.A common problem in diffusion MRI is to estimate the uncertainty of a diffusion model. An empirical evaluation of tractography, a technique that permits reconstruction of white matter pathways in the human brain, is presented in this thesis. The evaluation is based on analyzing 32 diffusion datasets from a single healthy subject, to study how reliable tractography is. In most cases only a single dataset is available for each subject. This thesis presents methods based on frequentistic (bootstrap) as well as Bayesian inference, which can provide uncertainty estimates when only a single dataset is available. These uncertainty measures can then, for example, be used in a group analysis to downweight subjects with a higher uncertainty.
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| 39. |
- Hovstadius, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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A Phase I Study of CHS 828 in Patients with Solid Tumor Malignancy
- 2002
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - 1078-0432 .- 1557-3265. ; 8:9, s. 2843-2850
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CHS 828 is a cyanoguanidine, which has demonstrated potent antitumor activity in preclinical tumor models. The activity of CHS 828 in vitro showed only low to moderate correlation to other antineoplastic agents suggesting a unique mechanism of action. Ten females and 6 males (median age 58 years) with solid tumors refractory to standard therapy were included in this Phase I study. The study drug was administered to fasting patients as a single oral dose on days 1–5 of each treatment cycle. Patients received one to six cycles of treatment. The doses ranged from 30 mg to 200 mg (total dose within a cycle). Hematological toxicity was generally mild and dominated by transient thrombocytopenia and lymphocytopenia. Nonhematological toxicity most frequently consisted of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, and localized genital mucositis. The dose-limiting toxicities were thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, esophagitis, diarrhea, and constipation. The recommended Phase II dose of CHS 828 was 20 mg once daily for 5 days in cycles of 28 days duration. The extent of systemic exposure of CHS 828 across patients was approximately dose proportional. The time at which the highest drug concentration occurs was 2.2 ± 1.3 h and half-life was 2.1 ± 0.52 h (mean ± SD). Large intra- and interindividual variation in dose level-adjusted maximum plasma concentration and the area under the curve from time 0 h to infinity were observed. There was an apparent inverse relationship between systemic exposure of CHS 828, and thrombocyte and lymphocyte nadir levels. No objective tumor responses were observed, and 7 patients showed stable disease after two courses of therapy.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Joosten, Myrthe, et al.
(författare)
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Divergence between the highly virulent zoonotic pathogen Helicobacter heilmannii and its closest relative, the low virulent Helicobacter ailurogastricus sp. nov.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Infection and immunity. - 1098-5522. ; 84:1, s. 293-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Helicobacter heilmannii naturally colonizes the stomach of dogs and cats, and has been associated with gastric disorders in humans. Nine feline Helicobacter strains, classified as H. heilmannii based on ureAB and 16S rRNA gene sequences, were divided into a highly virulent and a low virulent group. The genomes of these strains were sequenced to investigate their phylogenetic relationships, to define their gene content and diversity and to determine if the differences in pathogenicity were associated with the presence/absence of potential virulence genes. The binding capacity of these helicobacters to the gastric mucosa was investigated as well.Our analyses revealed that the low virulent strains do not belong to the H. heilmannii species, but to a novel, closely related species for which we propose the name H. ailurogastricus. Several homologs of H. pylori virulence factors, such as IceA1, HrgA and jhp0562-like glycosyltransferase, are present in H. heilmannii but absent in H. ailurogastricus. Both species contain a VacA-like autotransporter, from which the passenger domain is remarkably larger for H. ailurogastricus compared to H. heilmannii. In addition, H. ailurogastricus shows clear differences in binding to the gastric mucosa compared to H. heilmannii. These findings highlight the low virulent character of this novel Helicobacter species.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- McMillan, Hilary, et al.
(författare)
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Panta Rhei 2013-2015 : global perspectives on hydrology, society and change
- 2016
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Ingår i: Hydrological Sciences Journal. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0262-6667 .- 2150-3435. ; 61:7, s. 1174-1191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2013, the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) launched the hydrological decade 2013-2022 with the theme "Panta Rhei: Change in Hydrology and Society". The decade recognizes the urgency of hydrological research to understand and predict the interactions of society and water, to support sustainable water resource use under changing climatic and environmental conditions. This paper reports on the first Panta Rhei biennium 2013-2015, providing a comprehensive resource that describes the scope and direction of Panta Rhei. We bring together the knowledge of all the Panta Rhei working groups, to summarize the most pressing research questions and how the hydrological community is progressing towards those goals. We draw out interconnections between different strands of research, and reflect on the need to take a global view on hydrology in the current era of human impacts and environmental change. Finally, we look back to the six driving science questions identified at the outset of Panta Rhei, to quantify progress towards those aims.
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| 44. |
- Murphy, Lauren L., et al.
(författare)
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An Hedonomic Evaluation of the Effect of Repeated System-Exposure on Pleasurable Human-System Experience
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting September 2008 vol. 52 no. 6. - Santa Monica, CA, USA : Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. - 2169-5067. - 9781605606859 ; , s. 518-522
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on two studies of the mere exposure effect on the occurrence of flow. Findings reveal that: (a) pleasurable human-system experience increased linearly with repeated exposure to the technology of interest; (b) an habituation effect of flow was mediated by day; (c) performance was positively correlated to flow. Suggestions for future research directions for Hedonomics include mitigating the habituation of flow effect by incorporating an adaptive hedonomic design to reduce the effect of boredom that comes with familiar stimuli an approach that enables the user to create a balance between typicality and novelty in order to allow for changing cultural norms and personal change over time.
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| 45. |
- Palmås, Karl, 1976
(författare)
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Liberalerna - den nya vänstern
- 2003
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Ingår i: Arena. - 1652-0556. ; 2003:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Sterken, Lennert, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Alternative Approach in Ground Vehicle Wake Analysis
- 2012
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Ingår i: World Academy Of Science, Engineering and Technology. ; 68, s. 104-111
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper an alternative visualisation approach of the wake behind different vehicle body shapes with simplified and fully-detailed underbody has been proposed and analysed. This allows for a more clear distinction among the different wake regions. This visualisation is based on a transformation of the cartesian coordinates of a chosen wake plane to polar coordinates, using as filter velocities lower than the freestream. This transformation produces a polar wake plot that enables the division and quantification of the wake in a number of sections. In this paper, local drag has been used to visualise the drag contribution of the flow by the different sections.Visually, a balanced wake can be observed by the concentric behaviour of the polar plots. Alternatively, integration of the local drag of each degree section as a ratio of the total local drag yields a quantifiable approach of the wake uniformity, where different sections contribute equally to the local drag, with the exception of the wheels.
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