| 1. |
- Ahsan, Naveed, et al.
(author)
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A 1.1V 6.2mW, Highly Linear Wideband RF Front-end for Multi-Standard Receivers in 90nm CMOS
- 2012
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In: Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing. - : SpringerLink. - 0925-1030 .- 1573-1979. ; 70:1, s. 79-90
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents the design and implementation of a low power, highly linear, wideband RF front-end in 90nm CMOS. The architecture consists of an inverter-like common gate low noise amplifier followed by a passive ring mixer. The proposed architecture achieves high linearity in a wide band (0.5-6GHz) at very low power. Therefore, it is a suitable choice for software defined radio (SDR) receivers. The chip measurement results indicate that the inverter-like common gate input stage has a broadband input match achieving S11 below -8.8dB up to 6GHz. The measured single sideband noise figure at an LO frequency of 2GHz and an IF of 10MHz is 6.25dB. The front-end achieves a voltage conversion gain of 4.5dB at 1GHz with 3dB bandwidth of more than 6GHz. The measured input referred 1dB compression point is +1.5dBm while the IIP3 is +11.73dBm and the IIP2 is +26.23dBm respectively at an LO frequency of 2GHz. The RF front-end consumes 6.2mW from a 1.1V supply with an active chip area of 0.0856mm2.
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| 2. |
- Ahsan, Naveed, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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A Design Approach for Flexible RF Circuits Using Reconfigurable PROMFA Cells
- 2009
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In: Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing. - 0925-1030 .- 1573-1979.
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper presents a design approach for flexible RF circuits using Programmable Microwave Function Array (PROMFA) cells. The concept is based on an array of generic cells that can be dynamically reconfigured. Therefore, the same circuit can be used for various functions e.g. amplifier, tunable filter and tunable oscillator. For proof of concept a test chip has been implemented in 90nm CMOS process. The chip measurement results indicate that a single unit cell amplifier has a typical gain of 4dB with noise figure of 2.65dB at 1.5GHz. The measured input referred 1dB compression point is -8dBm with an IIP3 of +1.1dBm at 1GHz. In a single unit cell oscillator configuration, the oscillator can achieve a wide tuning range of 600MHz to 1.8GHz. The measured phase noise is -94dBc/Hz at an offset frequency of 1MHz for the oscillation frequency of 1.2GHz. A single unit cell oscillator consumes 18mW at 1.2GHz while providing -8dBm power into 50Ω load. In a single unit cell filter configuration, the tunable band pass filter can achieve a reasonable tuning range of 600MHz to 1.2GHz with a typical power consumption of 13mW at 1GHz. A single unit cell has a total chip area of 0.091mm2 including the coupling capacitors.
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| 3. |
- Bengtsson, Marie, 1977-
(author)
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The Art of Replicating
- 2008
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Fokus för den här avhandlingen är företag som växer genom replikering, det vill säga genom att skapa och driva liknande enheter på många olika platser, så som t.ex. McDonald’s och Starbucks. Replikerande företags livscykel beskrivs normalt i termer av en initial utforskande fas, följt av en exploateringsfas där standardisering är en hörnsten i företagets strategi - vad som därefter följer är emellertid oklart. Varsamt åldrande innebär dock vanligtvis att man måste anta de utmaningar som följer i kölvattnet av stabilitet och förändring.Modeindustrin kan beskrivas som oberäknelig och föränderlig, och har varit så i århundraden. Konkurrensen är stenhård och efterfrågan är svår att förutse då mode och trender hela tiden förändras. Med tanke på det beroende av standadisering som finns i replikerande företag kan man fråga sig hur ett företag i modebranschen kan hantera en replikeringsstrategi. Den trade-off som finns mellan fördelarna av standardisering och fördelarna av lärande och anpassning ställs på sin spets i ett sådant företag.Renässansen stora konstnärer mötte en liknande utmaning om än i lite annan form. Baserat på kollektivt arbete skapade renässansens verkstäder såväl replikor som nya verk i mästarens namn. För verkstaden betydde det att de skulle replikera mästarens stil till den grad att enskilda bidrag från lärlingar inte gick att skilja från mästarens eget arbete. Nya lärlingar var tvungna att lära sig att “emulera” mästarens stil och fungerar som en förlängning av hans hand och öga.Den här avhandlingen tar därför avstamp i konstens värld, mer specifikt i Renässansen, för att utforska hur ett konstinspirerat förhållningssätt kan öka vår förståelse av replikeringsprocesser i erfarna företag som är verksamma i starkt föränderliga branscher och vars strategi bygger på replikering. Det empiriska underlaget för avhandlingen är en djupgående fallstudie av den svenska modekedjan Hennes & Mauritz, och bygger på deltagande observation såväl i etablerade butiker som under öppningen av nya.
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| 4. |
- Björnsson, Lovisa, et al.
(author)
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Bioolja från befintliga kraftvärmeverk-en systemstudie : Sammanfattning av ett forskningssamarbete mellan Lunds Tekniska Högskola, Karlstad universitet och Kraftringen Energi
- 2021. - Rapport 123
-
Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Samhällets pågående omställning mot minskade utsläpp av växthusgaser kräver bland annat stora mängder fasta biobränslen och flytande biodrivmedel. Den svenska biobränslepotentialen domineras av bi- och restprodukter från skogen, som sågspån från sågverken och grenar och toppar (sk grot) från avverkning av skog. Att omvandla trä till flytande bränslen med hög omvandlingseffektivitet är utmanande, och kräver kommersialisering av ny och innovativ teknik. Behovet av flytande biodrivmedel i transportsektorn har därför hittills framför allt tillgodosetts genom import. Ett utökat och resurseffektivt utnyttjande av den inhemska potentialen av biomassa från skogen skulle kunna vara en viktig komponent i att nå både målet om ett fossilfritt samhälle och mål om miljömässig hållbarhet och spårbarhet för råvaran. Kraftvärmesektorn är i stora delar redan fossilfri och hanterar redan idag inhemska fasta bio-bränslen från skogen. I befintliga kraftvärmeverk finns potential för ökad nyttjandegrad av anläggningen, en befintlig infrastruktur för bränslehantering och möjlighet till värmeavsättning i fjärrvärmenät. Detta skapar förutsättningar för att i tillägg till el och värme komplettera med processer för produktion av flytande energibärare från inhemska, spårbara och hållbara biobränslen från skogen.I denna skrift sammanfattas ett forskningsprojekt där möjligheten att vidareutveckla en befintlig kraftvärmeanläggning genom integrerad produktion av pyrolysolja undersökts. Vi har ställt oss frågor som: Kan vi åstadkomma inhemsk produktion av flytande bränsle från skogsbaserade fasta biobränslen genom att kraftvärmeproduktion kombineras med pyrolysoljeproduktion? Kan detta förbättra konkurrenskraften för kraftvärmeverket vid ett framtida vikande behov av fjärrvärme inom bostadssektorn? Vad innebär möjligheten att bli producent av pyrolysolja både för egen förbrukning och för andra marknader som transportsektorn, för kraftvärmeverket och för klimatet?
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Boson, Jonas, 1976-
(author)
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Improving accuracy of in situ gamma-ray spectrometry
- 2008
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Gamma-ray spectrometry measurements performed on site, or “in situ”, is a widely used and powerful method that can be employed both to identify and quantify ground deposited radionuclides. The purpose of this thesis is to improve the calibration of high purity germanium (HPGe) detectors for in situ measurements, and calculate the combined uncertainty and potential systematic effects. An improved semi-empirical calibration method is presented, based on a novel expression for the intrinsic detector efficiency that includes both the energy and angular response of the detector. A three-layer model for the description of the depth distribution of the radionuclide and the soil density is proposed. The combined uncertainty of intrinsic detector efficiency calibrations and in situ measurements according to the proposed method was estimated. The uncertainty in the intrinsic detector efficiency was found to be 5.1 and 8.1% (coverage factor k=1, i.e. for a confidence interval of about 68%), for the two detectors calibrated. These numbers were, however, at a later stage reduced to 3.7 and 4.2%, using a revised expression for the intrinsic detector efficiency. For in situ measurements, the combined standard uncertainty was found to be 15-20% (k=1), based on the original expression for the intrinsic detector efficiency. Monte Carlo models of the two detectors were created and Monte Carlo calculated values for intrinsic detector efficiency were compared with experimental data. As a discrepancy was found, a thorough investigation of the detector response was performed. Scanning of the detector surface with a collimated 59.5 keV photon beam revealed the detector response to be highly irregular over the detector surface. It was concluded that the efficiency deficit of the detector could most likely be attributed to an increase in dead layer thickness compared with manufacturer supplied data. The thickness of the dead layer was estimated to be 1.5-1.9 mm, whereas the nominal value was 0.7 mm. Radiographs of the detectors were produced that provided valuable information about the physical dimensions of the germanium crystal, as well as its actual location within the detector housing. The Monte Carlo models were employed to calculate in situ measurement efficiencies for measurements of 137Cs deposition from the Chernobyl fallout. Results from the Monte Carlo simulations were compared both with the semi-empirical method and with soil sample data, and satisfactory agreement was confirmed. It was then proceeded to employ the Monte Carlo model to calculate the effect on in situ measurement results by two influencing parameters: ground curvature and activity in trees. Neither of these parameters was found to influence the result by more than about 25%. This deviation is comparable with the measurement uncertainty, and should not deter from measurements in such terrain.
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| 9. |
- Divanoglou, Anestis, et al.
(author)
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Rehabilitation needs and mortality associated with the Covid-19 pandemic : a population-based study of all hospitalised and home-healthcare individuals in a Swedish healthcare region
- 2021
-
In: eClinicalMedicine. - : Elsevier. - 2589-5370. ; 36
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: This first report of the Linkoping Covid-19 Study (LinCoS) aimed at determination of Covid-19-associated mortality, impairments, activity and participation limitations denoting rehabilitation needs four months after discharge from hospital. Methods: An ambidirectional population-based cohort study including all confirmed Covid-19 cases admitted to hospital during 1/03-31/05 and those living in home healthcare settings identified through a regional registry and evaluated through medical records, including WHO Clinical Progression Scale (CPS). All patients discharged from hospital were followed-up by structured telephone interview at 4 months post-discharge. Respondents indicated any new or aggravated persisting problems in any of 25 body functions and 12 activity/participation items and rated them for impact on daily life. Findings: Out of 734 hospitalised patients, 149 were excluded, 125 died, and 460 were alive at 4-month follow-up of whom 433 (94.1%) were interviewed. In total, 40% reported impairments and activity/participation limitations affecting daily life and warranted further multi-professional rehabilitation assessment, predominantly those with severe disease and a considerable proportion of those with moderate disease. Cognitive and affective impairments were equally common in all groups and were reported by 20-40% of cases. Limb weakness was reported by 31%, with CPS 7-9 being four times more likely to report this problem as compared to CPS 4-5. 26% of those working or studying reported difficulties returning to these activities, this being 3.5 times more likely in CPS 7-9 as compared to CPS 4-5. 25% reported problems walking >1 km, with CPS 7-9 over three times more likely to report this as compared to the other two sub-groups. 90-day mortality rate of Covid-19 associated deaths was 15.1%. Interpretation: Most rehabilitation needs after Covid-19 involved higher cerebral dysfunction both in patients with moderate and severe disease. This should be considered when designing services aiming at minimizing long-term disability. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Fridén, Mikael E, 1984-, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation and analysis of environmentally sustainable methodologies for extraction of betulin from birch bark with a focus on industrial feasibility
- 2016
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In: Green Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9262 .- 1463-9270. ; 18:2, s. 516-523
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Betulin from birch bark was extracted using two principally different extraction methodologies - classical Reflux Boiling (RB) and Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE). The extraction methods were analyzed based on both recovery and purity as well as for RB industrial feasibility. The purity and recovery for the different extraction methods were analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) coupled with three different detection principles: Diode Array Detection (DAD), Mass Spectrometry (MS) and Charged Aerosol Detection (CAD). The chromatographic purity was determined by all detections whereas the DAD was used also for complementary gravimetric calculations of the purity of the extracts. The MS detection (in MS and MS/MS modes) was mainly used to characterize the impurities. Two steps to increase the purity of RB extracts were evaluated - pre-boiling the bark in water and precipitation by adding water to the extract. Finally, the methods were compared in terms of amounts of betulin produced and solvent consumed. The RB method including a precipitation step produced the highest purity of betulin. However, results indicate that PLE using three cycles with the precipitation step gives similar purities as for RB. The PLE method produced up to 1.6 times higher amount of extract compared to the RB method. However, the solvent consumption (liter solvent per gram product) for PLE was around 4.5 times higher as compared to the classical RB. PLE performed with only one extraction cycle gave results more similar to RB with 1.2 times higher yield and 1.4 times higher solvent consumption. The RB process was investigated on an industrial scale using a model approach and several important key-factors could be identified. The most energy demanding step was the recycling of extraction solvent which motivates that solvent consumption should be kept low and calculations show a great putative energy reduction by decreasing the ethanol concentration used in the RB process to lower than 90%.
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| 15. |
- He, L, et al.
(author)
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Glomerulus-specific mRNA transcripts and proteins identified through kidney expressed sequence tag database analysis
- 2007
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In: Kidney International. - 1523-1755 .- 0085-2538. ; 71:9, s. 889-900
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The kidney glomerulus plays a crucial role in blood filtration but the molecular composition and physiology of the glomerulus is not well understood. We previously constructed and large-scale sequenced four mouse glomerular expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries from newborn and adult mouse glomeruli. Here, we compared glomerular EST profiles with whole kidney EST profiles, thereby identifying 497 transcripts corresponding to UniGene clusters that were glomerulus-enriched, that is expressed more abundantly in glomeruli than in whole kidney. These include several known protein-coding glomerulus-specific transcripts critical for glomerulus development and function, but also a large number of gene transcripts, which have not previously been shown to be expressed in the glomerulus, or implicated in glomerular functions. We used in situ hybridization to demonstrate glomerulus-specific RNA expression for six novel glomerular genes and the public Human Protein Atlas to verify glomerular protein expression for another two. The higher mRNA abundance for the eight genes in glomeruli compared with whole kidney was also verified by Taqman quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We surmise that the further characterization of these genes and proteins will increase our understanding of glomerular development and physiology.
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| 16. |
- He, Liqun, et al.
(author)
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The glomerular transcriptome and a predicted protein-protein interaction network
- 2008
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In: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. - 1046-6673 .- 1533-3450. ; 19:2, s. 260-268
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To increase our understanding of the molecular composition of the kidney glomerulus, we performed a meta-analysis of available glomerular transcriptional profiles made from mouse and man using five different methodologies. We generated a combined catalogue of glomerulus-enriched genes that emerged from these different sources and then used this to construct a predicted protein-protein interaction network in the glomerulus (GlomNet). The combined glomerulus-enriched gene catalogue provides the most comprehensive picture of the molecular composition of the glomerulus currently available, and GlomNet contributes an integrative systems biology approach to the understanding of glomerular signaling networks that operate during development, function, and disease.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Hjerpe, Thomas, et al.
(author)
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Accounting for the depth distribution of (137)Cs in on-line mobile gamma spectrometry through primary and forward-scattered photons.
- 2002
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In: Radiation and Environmental Biophysics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-2099 .- 0301-634X. ; 41:3, s. 225-230
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Stationary and mobile field gamma spectrometry is a useful tool for rapid estimation of environmental radioactivity inventories on and in the ground. A weak point however, is that the depth distribution of the activity in the ground must be known in order to calculate the true activity per unit area or unit mass from an observed photon fluence rate. A promising method for converting incoming spectral data into both true activity content and depth distribution in real time is the peak-to-valley method, which is based on an analysis of the ratio between count rates from primary and forward-scattered photons. In this study the peak-to-valley method was adapted to car-borne mobile gamma spectrometry, where the depth distribution of (137)Cs is fitted to a Lorenz function. Results from field experiments with a large HPGe detector, utilising point sources at different depths, are presented. It was found that the method can be useful for mobile measurements with a measuring time of 5-10 min for activity concentrations of about 100 kBq.m(-2) or higher, resulting in an uncertainty in the estimate of the true activity of about 50%.
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| 20. |
- Hjerpe, Thomas, et al.
(author)
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Shielded and unshielded geometries in the search for orphan sources.
- 2006
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In: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043. ; 64:Dec 29, s. 551-555
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A car-borne NaI(TI) spectrometric system was used together with a Cs-137 source to obtain realistic data in the search for unshielded and semi-shielded orphan sources. The potassium-stripped counts (PSC) method was used to estimate the influence by the shielding on the detection ability. A reduction of about 5% in the critical distance was obtained for the semi-shielded source. A curve fitting method was also developed and evaluated. Results from the curve fitting method showed inferior ability to find the source compared to the PSC method. However, it can be a useful complementary tool, for characterisation of the source shielding, and estimation of the distance from the road. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Hydén, Lars-Christer, et al.
(author)
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Feedback and common ground in conversational storytelling involvning people with Alzheimer's disease
- 2012
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In: Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders/Equinox. - : Equinox Publishing. - 2040-5111 .- 2040-512X. ; 4:2, s. 211-247
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present article focuses on feedback in storytelling involving people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and how feedback is related to the ways participants establish a common ground (Clark 1996) in interaction. The establishment of common ground is important in all kinds of interaction and becomes an especially intricate process if participants have AD, since the achievement of common ground requires the ability to draw from knowledge and experiences relating to past as well as present events; an ability that is often hampered by the disease. Analyses show that other aspects than the actual content of the conversation are important for the participants – for instance being together, supporting the positive identities both presented in the story and embodied in the socially rewarding activity that they manage to engage in, implying that the participants create and sustain a common ground not so much about the story-layer as of the storytelling activity.
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| 23. |
- Hydén, Lars-Christer, et al.
(author)
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So they are not alive?
- 2019
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In: Dementia. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 1471-3012 .- 1741-2684. ; 18:7-8, s. 2662-2678
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In some conversations involving persons with Alzheimers disease, the participants may have to deal with the difficulty that they do not share a common ground in terms of not only who is alive or dead, but even more, who could possibly be alive. It is as if the participants face a reality disjunction. There are very few empirical studies of this difficulty in conversations involving persons with Alzheimers disease or other kinds of dementia diagnoses. Often studies of confabulation have a focus on the behavior and experience of the healthy participants, but rarely on the interaction and the collaborative contributions made by the person with dementia. In the present article, we discuss various strategies used by all participants in an everyday conversation. The material consists of an hour long everyday conversation between a woman with Alzheimers disease and two healthy participants (relatives). This conversation is analyzed by looking at the organization of the interaction with an emphasis on how the participants deal with instances of reality disjunctions. The result from the analysis demonstrates that both the healthy participants as well as the person with dementia together skillfully avoid the face threats posed by reality disjunctive contributions by not pursuing argumentative lines that in the end might jeopardize both the collaborative and the personal relations.
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| 24. |
- Hällgren, Anita, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of enterococci in intensive care units in Sweden evaluated by different MIC breakpoint systems
- 2001
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In: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-7453 .- 1460-2091. ; 48:1, s. 53-62
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Three hundred and twenty-two (322) clinical isolates were collected from patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) at eight Swedish hospitals between December 1996 and December 1998. Of the isolates, 244 (76%) were Enterococcus faecalis, 74 (23%) were Enterococcus faecium and four (1%) were other Enterococcus spp. MICs of ampicillin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, trovafloxacin, clinafloxacin, gentamicin, streptomycin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid and evernimicin were determined by Etest. Susceptible and resistant isolates were defined according to the species-related MIC breakpoints of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC), the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) and the Swedish Reference Group for Antibiotics (SRGA). Tentative breakpoints were applied for new/experimental antibiotics. Multidrug resistance among enterococci in ICUs is not uncommon in Sweden, particularly among E. faecium, and includes ampicillin resistance and concomitant resistance to fluoroquinolones. Almost 20% of E. faecalis isolates showed high-level resistance to gentamicin and concomitant resistance to fluoroquinolones. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci were only found sporadically. Among the new antimicrobial agents, linezolid and evernimicin showed the best activity against all enterococcal isolates. There was good concordance between the BSAC, NCCLS and SRGA breakpoints in detecting resistance. When applying the SRGA breakpoints for susceptibility, isolates were more frequently interpreted as intermediate. This might indicate earlier detection of emerging resistance using the SRGA breakpoint when the native population is considered susceptible, but with the risk that isolates belonging to the native susceptible population will be incorrectly interpreted as intermediate.
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| 25. |
- Ingebrand, Elias, 1991-
(author)
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Dementia and learning : The use of tablet computers in joint activities
- 2023
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Living with dementia is generally associated with terms such as loss, confusion, and dependency; not development, agency and collaboration. Contributing to a growing body of research that acknowledges the remaining abilities of people living with dementia, and how they cope with challenges in their everyday lives, this thesis concerns a topic habitually framed by negative presumptions, namely learning. The risk of developing dementia increases with advancing age, and with an aging population the number of people living with dementia is expected to rise. Dementia is a complex condition that can have various underlying causes; it includes numerous diagnoses and is commonly characterized by a decline in cognitive and communicative functions. Due to its clinical connotations, people living with dementia often face negative assumptions about how they are, and what they can or cannot do. Alongside prevailing metaphors such as a return to childhood or empty shells, people living with dementia have been depicted as passive and disengaged communicators, incapable of initiating social action and asserting agency, who struggle to maintain attention in interactions. The aim of this thesis is to study novel learning in everyday activities for people living with dementia, taking the use of tablet computers as a case in point. Learning is approached from an interactionist perspective, where it is understood as a social and situated process, and conceptualized as changing participation in joint activities. The data used in this thesis comprises a collection of 50 video recordings where a person living with dementia, who has no previous experience of using touchscreen technologies, is using a tablet computer together with either a caregiver or another person living with dementia. The participants were asked to use the tablet computers according to their own interests, and did not receive any information regarding learning as an objective of their activities. Through four empirical studies, all using the methodological framework of multimodal conversation analysis, this thesis challenges the stereotypical belief that people living with dementia are incapable of novel learning. Study I shows how a woman living with dementia, over the course of six weeks, learns to perform the basic navigational steps needed to use an augmentative and alternative communication application. The analysis demonstrates how the participant's reliance on detailed information from her interlocutors gradually declined both during and across recordings. Study II highlights how people living with dementia position themselves as learners in unfamiliar joint activities. The results emphasize that the participants living with dementia publicly display their current understanding of the ongoing joint activities, introduce learning as a conversational topic, and are actively engaged in soliciting the information needed to partake. Study III shows how professional and family carers support the participants living with dementia in managing the tablet computers. The analysis reveals that the caregivers orient towards the doing of the participants with dementia, are attentive to their displayed understanding of the unfolding activities, and adapt any instructions with detailed multimodal cues if required. Study IV moves away from the dyadic constellations consisting of a person living with dementia together with a caregiver, and instead focuses on how people living with dementia manage the joint activities together with a peer. The results show that the participants treat the activities as collaborative endeavors, and orient towards the displayed competences of each other by offering or soliciting information when needed. Taken together, the findings from this thesis demonstrate that novel learning is possible for people living with dementia even without the use of structured interventions. The learning process is highly collaborative, and the participants actively support each other's conduct throughout the unfolding activities. Apart from possibilities for repeated participation in joint activities, procedural and agentive aspects of learning for people living with dementia are emphasized.
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| 26. |
- Ingebrand, Elias, 1991-, et al.
(author)
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People living with dementia collaborating in a joint activity
- 2022
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In: Learning, Culture and Social Interaction. - : Elsevier. - 2210-6561 .- 2210-657X. ; 34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent research has stressed the collaborative competences of people living with dementia, showing how they are capable of participating in a multitude of everyday activities when supported by cognitively healthy individuals. However, little is known about the collaborative work between different people living with dementia. Accordingly, this study aims to explore how people living with dementia, without the support of a cognitively healthy interlocutor, collaborate with other people living with dementia in an unfamiliar activity. The study is based on video recordings of three dyads, each comprising two individuals living with dementia, as they are using tablet computers with reminiscence and communication aiding applications. Drawing on multimodal interaction analysis, we show how the participants living with dementia treat the activities as joint endeavors and, when needed, engage in problem-solving sequences where they make their knowledge about how to progress within the activities publicly visible to their interlocutor. Our findings suggest that people living with dementia do collaborate with each other, and that the interactional labor between different people living with dementia is more symmetrical than what has been described in joint activities involving people living with dementia and cognitively healthy individuals.Previous article in issue
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| 27. |
- Ingebrand, Elias, et al.
(author)
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People with dementia positioning themselves as learners
- 2021
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In: Educational gerontology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC. - 0360-1277 .- 1521-0472. ; 47:2, s. 47-62
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent studies have demonstrated that people living with dementia, contrary to common believes, are capable of novel learning without structured interventions. Opportunities for learning throughout an individuals lifespan have been acknowledged as important factors in facilitating social participation and promoting wellbeing. However, little is still known about the situated practices used in the learning process for people living with dementia. This study aims to explore how people living with dementia in Swedish residential care facilities position, perceive, and assert, themselves as learners in a novel activity. The study is based on video recordings of eight people living with dementia, who for the first time use tablet computers as a social activity on a one-to-one basis with their formal caregivers. Through interaction analysis, we show how the participants living with dementia use the engagement displays of requests, accounts, formulations and metacomments to make their active undertaking in the ongoing activity public to their communication partner. Our findings suggest that people living with dementia might still perceive themselves as individuals capable of novel learning and that they are active and engaged agents in this process.
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| 28. |
- Ingebrand, Elias, 1991-, et al.
(author)
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Supporting people living with dementia in novel joint activities: Managing tablet computers
- 2023
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In: Journal of Aging Studies. - : Elsevier. - 0890-4065 .- 1879-193X. ; 65
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A bourgeoning number of studies have demonstrated that people living with dementia are capable of participating in a wide range of everyday activities when supported by care professionals or family carers. However, little remains known about the situated practices used by carers to support people living with dementia as active co-participants in novel joint activities. Taking the use of tablet computers as an example, this study focuses on the interactional organization of instructions in joint activities involving people living with dementia, who have no previous experiences of touchscreen technologies, and their carers. The study is based on forty-one video recordings of ten dyads, each comprising a person living with dementia and a carer, as they are using tablet computers with applications suited to individual interests. Drawing on multimodal interaction analysis, we show how the carers continually foster the accomplishment of their interlocutors, and rarely take over responsibility for closing an ongoing joint project themselves. Our findings suggest that the carers' instructions, realized as verbal and embodied directives, function as a form of scaffolding practice that facilitates the coordination of visual perception and embodied conduct for the participants living with dementia.
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| 29. |
- Johansson, Gerd, et al.
(author)
-
A Study of Indoor Aerosol Size Distribution and Attachment of Radon Daughters
- 1983
-
In: Journal of Aerosol Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-8502. ; 14:3, s. 455-458
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The particle size distribution in 11 different dwellings was studied during 5-7 days, samples being taken every 15 min. Large variation in the aerosol concentration has been found. Also the size distribution of the aerosol varies depending on the level of activity in the home, e.g. smoking and cooking. The average area median diameter found in the dwellings was 0.2 ,am. A technique for the measurement of radon daughter distribution on different airborne matter was developed and tested. The method is based on the use of an electrical mobility analyzer and alpha-spectrometry of the radon daughters collected on a fluoropore filter. Some results are presented and discussed.
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| 30. |
- Johansson, Gerd, et al.
(author)
-
Characterisation of the Aerosol and the Activity Size Distribution of Radon Daughters in Indoor Air
- 1984
-
In: Radiation Protection Dosimetry. - 1742-3406. ; 7:1-4, s. 133-137
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aerosol size distribution in 11 dwellings was measured using an electrical mobility analyser (TSI 3030). Large variations in the aerosol concentration, e.g. in connection with cooking and smoking were detected both within a single dwelling and between different dwellings. A typical size distribution shows an area median diameter of 0.2 µm with a geometrical standard deviation of about 2. Variations in the particle size distribution were observed, e.g. cooking decreases the median size of the particles whilst smoking increases the size. Through a modification of the TSI 3030 the activity of the radon daughters distributed on different particle sizes can be assessed. Measurements were performed both in the laboratory and in a dwelling showing an activity distribution close to the particle area distribution. Large variations in the unattached fraction of radon daughters due to variations in the aerosol concentration of the dwelling were observed.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Jonsdottir, Berglind, et al.
(author)
-
Thyroid and islet autoantibodies predict autoimmune thyroid disease already at Type 1 diabetes diagnosis
- 2017
-
In: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 102:4, s. 1277-1285
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- CONTEXT: Screening of autoimmune thyroid disease in children and young adults with Type 1 diabetes is important but vary greatly between clinics.OBJECTIVE: The aim was to determine the predictive value of thyroid autoantibodies, thyroid function, islet autoantibodies, and HLA- DQ at diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes for autoimmune thyroid disease during subsequent follow-up.SETTING: 43 Paediatric Endocrinology units Sweden. Design, patients and main outcome measures: At diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes, samples from 2433 children were analysed for autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb), thyroglobulin (TGAb), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), insulin (IAA), insulinoma-associated protein-2 (IA-2A), and the three variants of the zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8W/R/QA) as well as HLA-DQA1-B1 genotypes and thyroid function. After 5.1-9.5 years disease duration, children treated with thyroxine were identified in the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare Prescribed Drug Register.RESULTS: Thyroxine had been prescribed to 6% (147/2433; 66% girls). In patients below 5 years, female gender (HR=4.60, p=0.008) and GADA (HR=5.80, p=0.02) were significant predictors. In patients 5-10 years, TPOAb (HR=20.56, p<0.0001), TGAb (HR=3.40, p=0.006) and TSH outside the reference limit (HR=3.64, p<0.001) were predictors while in the 10-15 year olds, TPOAb (HR=17.00, p<0.001) and TSH outside the reference limit (HR=4.11, p<0.001) predicted future thyroxine prescription.CONCLUSION: In addition to TPOAb and TSH, positive GADA tested at the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is important for the prediction of autoimmune thyroid disease in children below 5 years of age.
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| 33. |
- Karlgren, Jussi, et al.
(author)
-
Clustering sentences
- 1993. - 1
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper describes an experiment on a set of translated sentences obtained from a large group of informants. We discuss the question of transfer equivalence, noting that several target-language translations of a given source- language sentence will be more or less equivalent. Different equivalence classes should form clusters in the set of translated sentences. The main topic of the paper is to examine how these clusters can be found: we consider --- and discard as inappropriate --- several different methods of examining the sentence set, including traditional syntactic analysis, finding the most likely translation with statistical methods, and simple string distance measures.
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| 34. |
- Karlgren, Jussi, et al.
(author)
-
Spoken Language Translator: First-Year Report
- 1994. - 5
-
Reports (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This document is the first-year report for a project whose long-term goal is the construction of a practically useful system capable of translating continuous spoken language within a restricted domain. The main deliverable resulting from the first year is a prototype, the Spoken Language Translator (SLT), which can translate queries from spoken English to spoken Swedish in the domain of air travel planning. The system was developed by SRI International, the Swedish Institute of Computer Science, and Telia Research AB. Most of it is constructed from previously existing pieces of software, which have been adapted for use in the speech translation task with as few changes as possible. The main components are connected together in a pipelined sequence as follows. The input signal is processed by SRI's DECIPHER(TM), a speaker-independent continuous speech recognition system. It produces a set of speech hypotheses which is passed to the English-language processor, the SRI Core Language Engine (CLE), a general natural- language processing system. The CLE grammar associates each speech hypothesis with a set of possible logical-form-like representations, typically producing 5 to 50 logical forms per hypothesis. A preference component is then used to give each of them a numerical score reflecting its linguistic plausibility. When the preference component has made its choice, the highest-scoring logical form is passed to the transfer component, which uses a set of simple non-deterministic recursive pattern-matching rules to rewrite it into a set of possible corresponding Swedish representations. The preference component is now invoked again, to select the most plausible transferred logical form. The result is fed to a second copy of the CLE, which uses a Swedish- language grammar and lexicon developed at SICS to convert the form into a Swedish string and an associated syntax tree. Finally, the string and tree are passed to the Telia Prophon speech synthesizer, which utilizes polyphone synthesis to produce the spoken Swedish utterance. The system's current performance figures, measured on previously unseen test data, are as follows. For sentences of length 12 words and under, 65% of all utterances are such that the top-scoring speech hypothesis is an acceptable one. If the speech hypothesis is correct, then a translation is produced in 80% of the cases; and 90% of all translations produced are acceptable. Nearly all incorrect translations are incorrect due to their containing errors in grammar or naturalness of expression, with errors due to divergence in meaning between the source and target sentences accounting for less than 1% of all translations. Making fairly conservative extrapolations from the current SLT prototype, we believe that simply continuing the basic development strategy could within three to five years produce an enhanced version, which recognized about 90% of the short sentences (12 words or less) in a specific domain, and produced acceptable translations for about 95-97% of the sentences correctly recognized. Since the greater part of the system's knowledge would reside in domain-independent grammars and lexicons, it would be possible to port it to new domains with a fairly modest expenditure of effort.
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| 35. |
- Kock, Peder, et al.
(author)
-
A deviation display method for visualising data in mobile gamma-ray spectrometry.
- 2010
-
In: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043. ; 68, s. 1832-1838
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A real time visualisation method, to be used in mobile gamma-spectrometric search operations using standard detector systems is presented. The new method, called deviation display, uses a modified waterfall display to present relative changes in spectral data over energy and time. Using unshielded (137)Cs and (241)Am point sources and different natural background environments, the behaviour of the deviation displays is demonstrated and analysed for two standard detector types (NaI(Tl) and HPGe). The deviation display enhances positive significant changes while suppressing the natural background fluctuations. After an initialisation time of about 10min this technique leads to a homogeneous display dominated by the background colour, where even small changes in spectral data are easy to discover. As this paper shows, the deviation display method works well for all tested gamma energies and natural background radiation levels and with both tested detector systems.
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| 36. |
- Kock, Peder, et al.
(author)
-
A real-time statistical alarm method for mobile gamma spectrometry-Combining counts of pulses with spectral distribution of pulses
- 2012
-
In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 681, s. 55-60
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A well-founded decision needs to take into account as much information from a sample as possible. In gamma spectrometry, the number of photons and their energy are the two quantities readily accessible to the physicist and both should be used in order to increase the power of a statistical test. While the problem of counts of pulses has been much studied the problem of spectral distribution of pulses has been generally overlooked. This work presents a statistical test combining tests on count rate and tests on spectral distribution. The proposed method is shown to have an acceptable false positive rate and, when compared with two other test statistics found in the literature, greater power. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 37. |
- Kock, Peder, et al.
(author)
-
Comparison of airborne and terrestrial gamma spectrometry measurements - evaluation of three areas in southern Sweden.
- 2011
-
In: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1700 .- 0265-931X. ; 102:6, s. 605-613
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) has been conducting airborne gamma spectrometry measurements of natural radioactivity in Sweden for more than 40 years. Today, the database covers about 80% of the country's land surface. This article explores the first step of putting this data into use in radioactive source search at ground level. However, in order to be able to use the airborne background measurements at ground level, SGU data must be validated against terrestrial data. In this work, we compare the SGU data with data measured by a portable backpack system. This is done for three different areas in southern Sweden. The statistical analysis shows that a linear relationship and a positive correlation exist between the air and ground data. However, this linear relationship could be revealed only when the region possessed large enough variations in areal activity. Furthermore, the activity distributions measured show good agreement to those of SGU. We conclude that the SGU database could be used for terrestrial background assessment, given that a linear transfer function is established.
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| 38. |
- Kock, Peder, et al.
(author)
-
On background radiation gradients - the use of airborne surveys when searching for orphan sources using mobile gamma-ray spectrometry
- 2014
-
In: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1700 .- 0265-931X. ; 128, s. 84-90
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Systematic background radiation variations can lead to both false positives and failures to detect an orphan source when searching using car-borne mobile gamma-ray spectrometry. The stochastic variation at each point is well described by Poisson statistics, but when moving in a background radiation gradient the mean count rate will continually change, leading to inaccurate background estimations. Airborne gamma spectrometry (AGS) surveys conducted on the national level, usually in connection to mineral exploration, exist in many countries. These data hold information about the background radiation gradients which could be used at the ground level. This article describes a method that aims to incorporate the systematic as well as stochastic variations of the background radiation. We introduce a weighted moving average where the weights are calculated from existing AGS data, supplied by the Geological Survey of Sweden. To test the method we chose an area with strong background gradients, especially in the thorium component. Within the area we identified two roads which pass through the high-variability locations. The proposed method is compared with an unweighted moving average. The results show that the weighting reduces the excess false positives in the positive background gradients without introducing an excess of failures to detect a source during passage in negative gradients. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 39. |
- Myrberg, Karin, et al.
(author)
-
Different approaches in aphasia assessments: a comparison between test and everyday conversations
- 2018
-
In: Aphasiology. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0268-7038 .- 1464-5041. ; 32:4, s. 417-435
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: When it comes to aphasia assessments, many speech and language pathologists (SLPs) rely heavily on norm-referenced language tests, even though they are aware that certain important language skills can only be evaluated by analysis of conversational discourse. The formalized aphasia test situation is a typical example of institutional interaction, which differs in systematic ways from everyday conversations. This article examines conversations between persons with aphasia (PWAs) and SLPs in the two different contexts, a topic where previous research is limited. Aims: The aim is to compare the interactions between PWAs and SLPs in test conversations and in more everyday-like conversations and to relate the interactional data to the participants performance on the aphasia test battery. Methods amp; Procedures: Ten PWAs and three SLPs participated in the study. Each PWA participated in two conversations with an SLP, a test conversation, while performing tasks targeting the ability to produce sentences and narratives from an aphasia test battery, and a more everyday-like conversation. The conversations were audio and video recorded and thereafter transcribed. Three main observations considered to be important mechanisms for interaction organization were identified and calculated in the transcriptions. The test results were summarized and analyzed. Outcomes amp; results: The results demonstrated that there were a larger number of turns produced by the PWAs in the everyday conversations compared to the test conversations. Furthermore, there were more communicative initiatives and nonverbal contributions in the everyday conversations. The number of repairs initiated by the PWAs were equivalent, but looking at repair characteristics, it was found that repairs resolved within the same turn were found in the test conversations while repairs stretching over several turns were more frequent in the everyday conversations. Conclusions: The results of the present study demonstrated differences of the interaction between PWAs and SLPs in test conversations and in more everyday-like conversations. Furthermore, there seemed to be no obvious relationship between the participants actual test scores on the aphasia test battery and aspects of conversation that can be related to being a competent speaker.
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| 40. |
- Myrberg, Karin, et al.
(author)
-
Instances of trouble in aphasia and dementia : an analysis of trouble domain and interactional consequences
- 2022
-
In: Aphasiology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0268-7038 .- 1464-5041. ; 36:11, s. 1333-1350
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Language problems in dementia resemble the symptoms of aphasia in many respects. Persons with aphasia (PWA) and persons with dementia (PWD) present rather similar results on standardised language tests and cognitive screening tools. There is limited research that compares PWA's and PWD's language abilities, and a particularly small number of studies have an interactional focus. Aims In this study, we will contribute to the emergent discussion about interaction in aphasia and dementia. The aim was to investigate instances of trouble in conversations involving PWD, PWA and speech and language pathologists (SLPs), with a particular focus on trouble domain and interactional consequences. Methods & Procedures Ten PWD and 10 PWA were video-recorded during informal conversations with SLPs. Ten minutes of each conversation were transcribed thoroughly according to Conversation Analytical principles and instances of trouble were identified and calculated throughout the data. Thereafter, the instances of trouble were categorised by trouble domain: as connected to either primarily linguistic or cognitive issues. Outcomes & results At first glance, the conversations between the PWD and PWA seemed rather similar when looking at the number of turns and the number of instances of trouble. The analyses, however, reveal that significantly more turns were spent on trouble solving in the conversations involving the PWA. The vast majority of the troubles involving the PWA were categorised as being connected primarily to linguistic issues, whereas trouble among the PWD were more evenly distributed between the trouble domains. The SLPs took a more active role in supporting the conversations of the PWA than for the PWD. Conclusions The results indicate that many conversational troubles involving PWD are connected to primarily linguistic issues. However, PWD seem to have less severe linguistic problems compared to PWA. The analyses also reveal that many of the language problems described in PWD might be a direct consequence of cognitive issues, and that SLPs may take a more passive role in trouble solving in conversations involving PWD. The lack of personal common ground and preconceived notions about the medical conditions are discussed as potential motives for the SLPs' behaviour. The analysis of instances of trouble in informal conversations might contribute to both research and clinical assessment of language abilities in PWA and PWD.
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| 41. |
- Myrberg, Karin, 1982-
(author)
-
Interaction and Language Assessment in Aphasia and Dementia : A Comparative Perspective
- 2022
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Language problems in dementia resemble the symptoms of aphasia in many respects. A growing body of research discusses the cognitive deficits associated with aphasia. Despite common denominators, very little is written with a comparative perspective on the two clinical groups. Although speech and language pathologists (SLPs) play a central role in aphasia care, they are not routinely involved in healthcare services for dementia. By tradition, language assessments tend to be test-oriented, even though there is an awareness of the advantages with informal assessment approaches. The overall aim of this thesis was to examine interaction in persons with aphasia (PWA) and persons with dementia (PWD) in test conversation and more informal conversations. The thesis has an interactional focus with a comparative perspective on the two clinical groups, on conversational contexts, and on test results with reference to SLP services. Study I, involving ten PWA, and study II, involving ten PWD, had similar approaches, investigating the organization of interaction between the participants and SLPs in test conversations and in more informal conversations. Furthermore, the participants’ interactional abilities were related to their actual test results on expressive tasks on an aphasia test battery. Study III in-volved detailed analyses of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test interaction for both PWA and PWD. Additionally, the study set out to explore the relationship between linguistic and cognitive difficulties, in relation to assessments. Study IV investigated instances of trouble in conversations involving PWA/PWD and SLPs, with a particular focus on “trouble domain” and interactional consequences. The results of study I and II demonstrated substantial differences be-tween the organization of interaction in test conversations and informal con-versations, regardless of whom they involved. The informal conversations pro-vided opportunities for the PWA/PWD to talk more and to initiate own topics and multimodal resources were used by the PWA. This was seen to a far lesser degree among the PWD. With a few distinct exceptions, the PWD came across as rather communicatively competent. This was not necessarily reflected by the aphasia test results, since several participants struggled with a couple of test assignments. In PWA, the demonstration of aspects of communication that could be related to being a competent speaker did not fully correlate with aphasia test scores. The analyses showed that instances of trouble occurred equally often in the two conversational contexts whereas trouble characteristic differed. Mutual trouble-solving was almost solely observed in the informal conversations. Study III revealed some particularly challenging aspects of the MMSE test interaction. The study shed light on the problematic issue of separating language and cognition, since PWA and PWD had similar test results on the cognitive screening and since the “language” test items did not seem to capture linguistic problems more than the other remaining test items. Qualitative analyses of the interactional aspects of test situations may reveal information about both cognitive and linguistic abilities that otherwise would have been over-looked. The in-depth analyses of conversational trouble in study IV revealed that most troubles involving PWA were connected to primarily linguistic is-sues. Conversational trouble in PWD, however, typically labelled “lexical problems”, were many times due to primarily cognitive issues. It was also observed that the SLPs took a more passive role trouble-solving in conversations involving PWD. Less severe linguistic problems in the PWD, lack of shared personal common ground, and preconceived notions about the medical conditions alongside with SLPs’ professional culture and experience are discussed as potential motives for this behaviour. Altogether, the results of the present thesis demonstrate that formal tests that attempt to measure language or cognition do not take into account that it is problematic to separate these abilities. Within SLP services, it would be preferable to move away from a fault-finding perspective on assessment and intervention, towards an approach in which language and cognition as co-constructed acts is central.
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| 42. |
- Myrberg, Karin, et al.
(author)
-
Interaction and language test performance involving persons with dementia : A comparison between test conversation and informal conversation
- 2019
-
In: Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders/Equinox. - : Equinox Publishing. - 2040-5111 .- 2040-512X. ; 10:2, s. 179-206
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Dementia has a significant impact on language and communication. In this study, the aim was to compare the organization of interaction between persons with dementia (PWDs) and speech and language pathologists (SLPs) in two types of conversation, a test conversation and an informal conversation. A further aim was to relate interactional abilities to the PWDs' performance on an aphasia test battery. Method: Ten PWDs participated in the two types of conversations. In the test conversation, a standardized aphasia test battery was used. All dyads were audio-and video-recorded. Analyses were informed by interaction analytical approaches, such as conversation analysis (CA), combined with quantitative measurements. Results: The results demonstrated that there was a larger number of turns, words, and topic initiations made by the PWDs in the informal conversations. The frequency of occurrence of repair instances was the same in the two conditions, but repairs in the test conversations were mostly resolved within one turn, whereas repairs stretching over several turns were more frequent in the informal conversations. Many of the repairs were initiated with a clarification request or a request for confirmation. Even though a majority of the PWDs demonstrated a rather robust turn-taking ability in the informal conversations, several of them struggled with the aphasia test assignments, in some cases due to visual perception problems. Discussion and conclusion: The results indicate that a thorough analysis of informal conversations is important in assessing language in PWDs. The ecological validity of standardized language tests needs to be discussed, and the results of such tests should be handled carefully.
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| 43. |
- Myrberg, Karin, et al.
(author)
-
The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) from a language perspective : an analysis of test interaction
- 2020
-
In: Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0269-9206 .- 1464-5076. ; 34:7, s. 652-670
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Assessment of language and cognitive abilities are associated with clinical challenges. The aim of the present study was to learn more about the MMSE test process from a language perspective by looking in detail at the interaction between patient and tester. In addition, we aimed to further explore the relationship between linguistic and cognitive difficulties. The study was based on an analysis of 20 MMSE test dyads, 10 persons with aphasia and 10 persons with dementia, in interaction with speech and language pathologists. All conversations were audio and video recorded and transcribed verbatim according to Conversation Analytical principles. The thorough analysis of the interactions highlighted some main findings that affected the communicative project of the test interactions. Finally, the test results were summarized and analyzed. Through the analysis, some particularly challenging aspects emerged; the understanding of the verbal instructions, the handling of the instructions and the evaluation of the answers. The test results demonstrated that there were no significant differences between the two groups of participants' MMSE results. The results in the 'language' category did not seem to capture the language disorders among many of the participants more than the remaining test items. By qualitative analyses of the interactional aspects of test situations, information about both cognitive and linguistic abilities that otherwise would have been overlooked may be revealed.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Persson, Bertil R, et al.
(author)
-
Radioactivity Exploration from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Part 2. Ymer-80 Expedition
- 2015
-
In: Acta Scientiarum Lundensia. - 1651-5013. ; 2015:003, s. 1-20
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract Levels of natural radioactivity such as 222Rn (radon) and its long-lived daughters 210Pb and 210Po were measured. The radon gas was trapped on cooled charcoal filters and the long-lived daughter products sampled on fibre filters on a daily basis. In addition, short-lived progenies were followed continuously on the filters in order to achieve a time resolution of about one hour. The average 222Rn concentration in air measured during the Ymer-80 expedition in samples north of latitude 78.8 °N, was 33 ± 4 (one standard error) mBq.m-3 during Leg 1 (July-Aug.) , and 105.3 ± 8.3 mBq.m-3 during leg 2 (Aug-Sept.). During a two-week period of persistent polar winds, the mean radon concentration decreased to 19± 5 mBq.m-3. During July, August and September, the monthly average concentrations of 210Pb in air at positions north of 75 °N latitude were 31 ± 15, 89 ± 61 and 105± 57 μBq.m-3 respectively with a the grand average for all 3 months of 75 ± 28 μBq.m-3. An extensive radiochemistry program was also established to measure 134+137Cs and the trans- uranium elements 238+239+240Pu and 241Am in water, sediment and biota. The concentration of 137Cs in surface seawater along the Norwegian coast was quite constant about 157±7 Bq.m-3. At a latitude about 72 oN it stat do decrease exponentially at a rate of 0.43 deg.-1 to about 20 ± 10 Bq.m-3 above 78 oN. The results of 137Cs in sediments indicate that the total integrated area-content of 137Cs in a 1000 m water-column and sediment is about 12 kBq.m-2. In biota, the highest activity concentration of 137Cs about 1000 Bq/kgdwt was found in lichens. The activity concentration of 137Cs in polar bears was about 10 Bq/kgdwt, in seals about 1 Bq/kgdwt, and in birds about 1-7 Bq/kgdwt. The activity-concentration of 137Cs in Fucus and Laminaria was about 1-2 Bq/kgdwt, and the algae/sea-water activity-concentration ratio was about 75. The distribution of the trans-uranium element 239+240Pu in sea water decrease from 14 to 10 mBq.m-3 up to 73°N but increase again to 17 mBq.m-3 at high latitudes while 137Cs decrease. The average 241Am/ 239+240Pu activity ratio was found to be 0.13 ±0.04 (2 S.E), of 31 samples with the range 0.04 - 0.32 in surface water, Deep-water samples have been sampled at latitudes around 80.4 ±1.4 °N and along longitudes 2° W – 45.5 °E. The results of the salinity and activity concentration of 137Cs and 239+240Pu with depth of water are indicate an exponential decrease with depth of both 137Cs and 239+240Pu. In conclusion, about 25% of 137Cs present in the Arctic water and sediments originates from fall- out specific to the area. Another 25% originates from mixing with Atlantic-water from latitudes with higher fall-out. The remaining 50% might originate from European reprocessing facilities. The levels of 241Am in the Svalbard area originate from in situ build-up due to the decay of 241Pu.
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| 46. |
- Pham, M. K., et al.
(author)
-
Certified Reference Material IAEA-446 for radionuclides in Baltic Sea seaweed
- 2014
-
In: Applied Radiation and Isotopes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8043 .- 1872-9800. ; 87, s. 468-474
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A Certified Reference Material (CRM) for radionuclides in seaweed (Fucus vesiculosus) from the Baltic Sea (IAEA-446) is described and the results of the certification process are presented. The K-40, Cs-132, U-234 and Pu239+240 radionuclides were certified for this material, and information values for 12 other radionuclides (Sr-90, Tc-99, Pb-210 (Po-210), Ra-226, Ra-228, Th-228, Th-230, Th-232, U-235, U-238, Pu-239 and Pu-240) are presented. The CRM can be used for Quality Assurance/Quality Control of analysis of radionuclides in seaweed and other biota samples, as well as for development and validation of analytical methods, and for training purposes. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 47. |
- Piussi, Ramana, 1988, et al.
(author)
-
Wrestling with a ghost : facing an opponent I can neither see nor clinch – the experience of professional wrestlers who have suffered an ACL injury
- 2024
-
In: BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine. - London : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2055-7647. ; 10:1, s. 1-11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study explored professional wrestlers’ experiences of the consequences of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and their perception of whether the ACL injury could have been prevented. We interviewed 10 professional wrestlers (60% women, age range 21–34) treated with ACL reconstruction with semistructured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using qualitative content analysis: One major theme, ‘Wrestling with a ghost: facing an opponent I can neither see nor clinch’, supported by five main categories, emerged from the collected data. The five main categories were: My ACL injury: bad luck or bad planning?; The way back: a fight to return to sport; Only performance counts; The injury’s impact on life: a wrestling with emotions; In hindsight, personal growth. Professional wrestlers who experienced an ACL injury expressed that not only the injury itself but also the subsequent recovery posed major challenges that they did not know how to deal with and that, in some cases, ended the athletes’ wrestling careers. Professional wrestlers attributed their ACL injuries to bad luck or large training loads and wished that they had more support from the wrestling community when injured. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024.
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| 48. |
- Piussi, Ramana, et al.
(author)
-
Wrestling with a ghost: facing an opponent I can neither see nor clinch – the experience of professional wrestlers who have suffered an ACL injury
- 2024
-
In: BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine. - : BMJ Publishing Group. - 2055-7647. ; 10:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study explored professional wrestlers’ experiences of the consequences of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and their perception of whether the ACL injury could have been prevented. We interviewed 10 professional wrestlers (60% women, age range 21–34) treated with ACL reconstruction with semistructured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using qualitative content analysis: One major theme, ‘Wrestling with a ghost: facing an opponent I can neither see nor clinch’, supported by five main categories, emerged from the collected data. The five main categories were: My ACL injury: bad luck or bad planning?; The way back: a fight to return to sport; Only performance counts; The injury’s impact on life: a wrestling with emotions; In hindsight, personal growth. Professional wrestlers who experienced an ACL injury expressed that not only the injury itself but also the subsequent recovery posed major challenges that they did not know how to deal with and that, in some cases, ended the athletes’ wrestling careers. Professional wrestlers attributed their ACL injuries to bad luck or large training loads and wished that they had more support from the wrestling community when injured.
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| 49. |
- Roos, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
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Experimental methods of determining the activity depth distribution of implanted 210Pb in glass.
- 2002
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In: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - 1879-1700. ; 63:2, s. 135-151
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Glass is often used in radon surveys to estimate retrospective radon concentrations, as radon progenies are embedded in the upper surface layer. Experimental methods based on etching to determine the depth distribution of recoil-implanted 210Po in glass from radon decay in air is presented. By carefully controlling chemical concentrations and exposure time during which the glass is etched, stepwise removal of the surface material was possible. Two different etching agents, diluted HF/HNO3 and NaOH were utilised, with very similar results. Experimental recoil depths of 210Po agree with theoretical calculations from the literature. The maximum implantation depth obtained using this procedure was 100 +/- 20nm.
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| 50. |
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