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| 10. |
- Bernspång, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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The consistent strain method in finite element plasticity
- 1995
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Ingår i: Computers & structures. - 0045-7949 .- 1879-2243. ; 54:1, s. 27-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An algorithm for finite element analysis of problems in elastoplasticity with continuous stress and strain approximation is presented. By a global iteration procedure, equilibrium is preserved at the nodes in a weak sense, and the local constitutive relation between stresses and strains is satisfied. A high order numerical integration is used to achieve a good quality stiffness matrix and to evaluate the boundary between elastic and plastic regions in the case of partly plastic elements.
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| 12. |
- Breimer, Michael, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Extracorporeal ("ex vivo") connection of pig kidneys to humans. I. Clinical data and studies of platelet destruction.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Xenotransplantation. - : Wiley. - 0908-665X .- 1399-3089. ; 3:4, s. 328-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pioneering experiment by Welsh et al. (Immunological Lett 1991:29:167-170) connecting a pig kidney to the human circulation has been repeated in a modified manner. Two volunteer dialysis patients were pretreated by daily plasmapheresis on days -2,-1, and 0 to remove the naturally occurring anti-pig xenoantibodies. The anti-pig lymphocytotoxic liters were reduced from 1:8 to 1:2 in patient 1 and from 1:8 to 1:1 in patient 2. No steroids or immunosuppressive drugs were administrated before or during the experiments. A sterile pig kidney was extracorporeally ("ex vivo") connected to the patients a/v fistula using an arterial and a venous pump similar to a dialysis. The two experiments gave different results. In the first experiment the perfusion pressure was kept at 100 mmHg for the initial 25 min by reducing the pump speed until the minimum blood flow of 30 ml/min was reached. Thereafter, the pressure rose continuously and the experiment was terminated at 65 min at a perfusion pressure of 200 mmHg. The patient did not feel any discomfort during the perfusion. In the second experiment, a stable blood flow of 200 ml/min was reached at a pressure of 100 mmHg after a few minutes. The perfusion was terminated at 15 min when the patient developed chest and abdominal pain, hypotension, and electrocardiographic signs of myocardial ischemia. The patient recovered quickly. In the first experiment, small volumes of clear urine was produced until the pressure rose above 100 mmHg, which resulted in hematuria. In the second experiment clear urine (4 ml/min) was produced. (51)Chromium clearance values were after 15 min <1 ml/min for kidney 1 and 12 ml/min (8 ml/min/100 g) for kidney 2. A drastic reduction in platelet count (128 to 48 and 64 to 8 × 10(9)/1, respectively) during the passage through the kidney was found in blood samples collected simultaneously before and after the organ. No change in hemoglobin values and leucocyte counts were found. Light- and electron-microscopical analysis of the kidney tissues revealed for kidney 1 focal areas with obliteration of the glomerular and peritubular capillaries by platelets and PMN cells and severe damage of the endothelial cells comparable to a picture of a hyperacute rejection. In kidney 2, all vessels were patent but in the capillaries large amount of membrane fragments were detected by electron microscopy and a discrete damage of the endothelial cells were seen in some segments. No intact platelets were present in the vascular tree. These human experiments support the hypothesis that hyperacute rejection of pig to human xenografts is delayed in time by removal of the preformed anti-pig xenoantibodies. A new finding was a very rapid destruction of platelets occurring in the kidney of patient 2 who had very low liters of xenoantibodies. The humoral immune response is described in detail in an accompanying paper (Rydberg et al., this issue).
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| 14. |
- Enlund, M, et al.
(författare)
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Narkosdosering en svår balansgång
- 1998
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 95:48, s. 5477-5482
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The optimal dosage of anaesthetic agents may be difficult. Not only does the intensity of surgical stimuli vary during a surgical procedure, but drug sensitivity varies between subjects exposed to comparable stimuli. Moreover, clinically monitored body reactions do not always reflect the balance between central nervous system effects of the surgical stimuli and of the anaesthetic agent. Therefore, the specialist in anaesthesiology requires access to additional methods of monitoring to enable dosage to be optimised for each patient, minute by minute, thus improving the chances of maintaining an appropriate depth of anaesthesia. Two electro-encephalographic techniques are presented in the article, and aspects of under- and over-dosage of anaesthetic agents are discussed.
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| 15. |
- Eriksson, M, et al.
(författare)
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Induction and regulation of expression of a low-CO2-induced mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
- 1998
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 116:2, s. 637-641
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The time course of and the influence of light intensity and light quality on the induction of a mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase (CA) in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was characterized using western and northern blots. This CA was expressed only under low-CO2 conditions (ambient air). In asynchronously grown cells, the mRNA was detected 15 min after transfer from air containing 5% CO2 to ambient air, and the 21-kD polypeptide was detected on western blots after 1 h. When transferred back to air containing 5% CO2, the mRNA disappeared within 1 h and the polypeptide was degraded within 3 d. Photosynthesis was required for the induction in asynchronous cultures. The induction increased with light up to 500 mu mol m(-2) s(-1), where saturation occurred. In cells grown synchronously, however, expression of the mitochondrial CA was also detected in darkness. Under such conditions the expression followed a circadian rhythm, with mRNA appearing in the dark 30 min before the light was turned on. Algae left in darkness continued this rhythm for several days.
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| 16. |
- Fernandez-Mateos, P, et al.
(författare)
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Point mutations and deletion responsible for the Bombay H null and the Reunion H weak blood groups.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Vox sanguinis. - 0042-9007. ; 75:1, s. 37-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Definition of the molecular basis of the Reunion and the Bombay red cell and salivary H-deficient phenotypes. METHODS: Sequence and expression of FUT1 and FUT2 genes from H-deficient individuals. Family segregation analysis of the mutations responsible for the fucosyltransferase defects of H, secretor and Lewis systems. RESULTS: The Indian red cell H null Bombay phenotype depends on a new mutation of the FUT1 gene. T725-->G changing Leu242-->Arg. Their salivary nonsecretor phenotype is secondary to a complete deletion of the FUT2 gene. The red cell H weak Reunion phenotype depends on another new mutation of FUT1, C349-->T which induces a change of His117-->Tyr. Their salivary nonsecretor phenotype is due to the known Caucasian inactivating mutation G428-->A. CONCLUSION: Single prevalent FUT1 and FUT2 point mutations and a deletion are responsible for the Indian Bombay H null and the Reunion H weak phenotypes found on Reunion island. This is in contrast with other H-deficient phenotypes where sporadic nonprevalent inactivating mutations are the rule.
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| 17. |
- Frech, M, et al.
(författare)
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Regional surface fluxes over the NOPEX area
- 1998
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0022-1694. ; 213:1-4, s. 155-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The regional surface fluxes of sensible heat and moisture are estimated for two days during NOPEX '94 by means of aircraft measurements. A box flight pattern is analysed for 13 June (a weak wind case) and 14 June (a strong wind case), both with cold air
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| 19. |
- Gottschalk, L, et al.
(författare)
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Scale aggregation - comparison of flux estimates from NOPEX
- 1999
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Ingår i: AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0168-1923. ; 98-9, s. 103-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The NOPEX two concentrated field efforts (CFEs) (June 1994 and April-July 1995) provide high quality data sets for the Boreal environment. The analysis of these data with traditional meteorological and hydrological approaches allow estimations of fluxes o
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| 21. |
- Hamberg, M, et al.
(författare)
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Avenoleic acid: a new oxylipin from oat seeds
- 1997
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Ingår i: Advances in experimental medicine and biology. - Boston, MA : Springer US. - 0065-2598. ; 433, s. 69-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 31. |
- Samuelsson, B, et al.
(författare)
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Some recent advances in leukotriene research
- 1997
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Ingår i: Advances in experimental medicine and biology. - Boston, MA : Springer US. - 0065-2598. ; 433, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 32. |
- Samuelsson, P, et al.
(författare)
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A new non-invasive method using pulse oximetry for the assessment of arterial toe pressure
- 1996
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology. - 0144-5979 .- 1365-2281. ; 16:4, s. 463-467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated a novel, simple non-invasive method to assess systolic arterial toe pressures (ATP). It was employed in 63 subjects, of which 37 had suspected or established lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) and 26 did not. 48 of the subjects had diabetes and 15 were non-diabetic. Pulsatile toe blood flow was monitored with a regular pulse oximeter (Biox 3700TM, BOC Ohmeda, Helsingborg, Sweden) (POX) with the sensor on the tip of the great toe. A small blood pressure cuff was placed around the proximal part of the toe and was connected to a sphygmomanometer (TycosTM, Levimed AB, Höganäs, Sweden). Systolic pressure was estimated as the cuff pressure at which pulsatile blood flow ceased during cuff inflation. Toe pressure measurement was obtained, in parallel, using the established strain gauge plethysmographic technique. There was a good concordance between the two methods (linear regression: r = 0.93; y = 1.1 x x-6.4; y = pressure obtained with the pulse oximeter, x = pressure obtained with strain gauge, in mmHg). However, patients with very low systolic toe pressures, < 20 mmHg, could not be reproducibly assessed using the POX method. In conclusion, the POX method was found to be a simple and reliable method for the estimation of systolic toe pressures, at least for those above the severely ischemic level. It may provide an easily accessible and cost-effective means of vascular assessment at the bedside, as well as for out-patients.
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| 33. |
- Siedlecka, A, et al.
(författare)
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A relationship between carbonic anhydrase and rubisco in response to moderate cadmium stress during light activation of photosynthesis
- 1999
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Ingår i: Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C - A Journal of Biosciences. - 0939-5075 .- 1865-7125. ; 54:9-10, s. 759-763
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In our previous research, we showed that low Cd concentration increases the effectiveness of the process es leading to activation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygen ase (Rubisco). This stimulation was dependent on carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity and resulted in protecting Rubisco activity against Cd toxicity. The aim of the present paper was to test whether this mechanism has any influence on light activation of photosynthesis during the first 2 h of illumination. Both the "activation mechanism" of plant response to Cd-stress conditions and its full efficiency at low Cd concentration were confirmed. The CA-dependent light activation of Rubisco at low Cd level was correlated with accelerated attaining of the maximum Rubisco activity by these plants. The amount of Rubisco was also Cd- and time-dependent and varied from continuous accumulation in control plants till reaching the maximum level within 30 minutes for the high Cd concentration. An increase in CA activity that was found to be parallel to the decrease of the amount of CA suggested activation of the enzyme by low Cd concentration.
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| 36. |
- TJERNSTROM, M, et al.
(författare)
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THE EFFECT OF INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM TIME RESPONSE ON AIRBORNE TURBULENCE MEASUREMENTS
- 1995
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY. - : AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC. - 0739-0572. ; 12:6, s. 1196-1213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wind calculations from a radome gust probe system, in combination with a wander-angle Inertial Navigation System (INS), are used to calculate turbulence (variance and fluxes) by eddy correlation. The difference in time response between the air motion gus
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| 38. |
- Villand, P, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon dioxide and light regulation of promoters controlling the expression of mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
- 1997
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Ingår i: Biochemical Journal. - 0264-6021 .- 1470-8728. ; 327, s. 51-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nuclear genes coding for carbonic anhydrase, a major mitochondrial constituent in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii grown under limited CO2, were characterized. Two genes, ca1 and ca2, were found within 7 kb of genomic DNA, organized 'head to head' in a large inverted repeat. The DNA sequences for the two genes were very similar, even in the promoter regions and in introns, indicating that the repeat is a result of a recent duplication. To study gene regulation, elements from the upstream region of cal were fused to the arylsulphatase reporter gene. After transformation,the expression of arylsulphatase was regulated similarly to the endogenous ca1/ca2 genes, even when the promoter was trimmed down to 194 nt. Expression could not be detected when 5% CO2 was bubbled into the growth medium, but was induced within hours after transfer to air. The cal promoter was not induced in low light, but at intermediate light levels its activity was dependent on the irradiance. O-2 concentration had no effect on the promoter activity, indicating that photorespiratory metabolites are not triggering the response. The availability of cells transformed with a CO2-regulated reporter gene should facilitate further studies on the metabolic adaptations that occur in some green algae in response to the external CO2 level.
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