| 1. |
- Elmståhl, Sölve, et al.
(författare)
-
The Life Satisfaction Index-A (LSI-A) : Normative Data for a General Swedish Population Aged 60 to 93 Years
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Clinical Interventions in Aging. - : Dove Medical Press. - 1176-9092 .- 1178-1998. ; 15, s. 2031-2039
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of Study: To gain Swedish norm value for the Life Satisfaction Index-A (LSI-A) in a population 60-93+ years old stratified for sex and age and to relate these norm values with respect to number of chronic diseases and functional impairment. Materials and Methods: The study population included a random sample of 2656 men (45.7%) and 3159 (54.3%) women from the longitudinal national studies' "Good Aging in Skane" (GAS) and SNAC-B, both part of the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC). Data on Neugartens Life Satisfaction Index-A (LSI-A), medical history, activities of daily life (ADL) and socio-demographics were collected through structured interviews and questionnaires. Results: Men scored significantly higher than women; 28.5, sd=6.9, and 27.3, sd=6.6, respectively, out of maximum 40 points. For both genders the scores decreased with age, mean score 6.0 points, lower for men and 7.1 points lower for women between 60 and 93+ years. The highest score was noted for healthy individuals where both men and women scored 29.5 points, sd=6.2. Increased number of chronic diseases and dependency in ADLs were associated with lower LS. Conclusion: Nom values here presented may facilitate assessments and evaluation of life satisfaction in the general elder population and as reference values to clinical trials. Female sex, rising age, morbidity and impaired functional ability were all associated with impaired LS.
|
|
| 2. |
- Ghani, Zartashia, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Cost-Effectiveness of Mobile Health (mHealth) Interventions for Older Adults : Systematic Review
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:15
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to critically assess and review empirical evidence on the cost-effectiveness of Mobile Health (mHealth) interventions for older adults. We systematically searched databases such as Pubmed, Scopus, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Literature (CINAHL) for peer-reviewed economic evaluations published in English from 2007 to 2018. We extracted data on methods and empirical evidence (costs, effects, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio) and assessed if this evidence supported the reported findings in terms of cost-effectiveness. The consolidated health economic evaluation reporting standards (CHEERS) checklist was used to assess the reporting quality of the included studies. Eleven studies were identified and categorized into two groups: complex smartphone communication and simple text-based communication. Substantial heterogeneity among the studies in terms of methodological approaches and types of intervention was observed. The cost-effectiveness of complex smartphone communication interventions cannot be judged due to lack of information. Limited evidence of cost-effectiveness was found for interventions related to simple text-based communications. Comprehensive economic evaluation studies are warranted to assess the cost-effectiveness of mHealth interventions designed for older adults.
|
|
| 3. |
- Anderberg, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Older people’s use and nonuse of the internet in Sweden
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:23, s. 1-11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of the internet has considerably increased over recent years, and the importance of internet use has also grown as services have gone online. Sweden is largely an information society like other countries with high reported use amongst European countries. In line with digitalization development, society is also changing, and many activities and services today take place on the internet. This development could potentially lead to those older persons who do not use the internet or do not follow the development of services on the internet finding it difficult to take part in information and activities that no longer occur in the physical world. This has led to a digital divide between groups, where the older generations (60+), in particular, have been affected. In a large study of Sweden’s adult population in 2019, 95 percent of the overall population was said to be internet users, and the corresponding number for users over 66 years of age was 84%. This study shows that the numbers reported about older peoples’ internet use, most likely, are vastly overestimated and that real use is significantly lower, especially among the oldest age groups. We report that 62.4% of the study subjects are internet users and that this number most likely also is an overestimation. When looking at nonresponders to the questionnaire, we find that they display characteristics generally attributed to non-use, such as lower education, lower household economy, and lower cognitive functioning.
|
|
| 4. |
- Christiansen, Line, et al.
(författare)
-
Using Mobile Health and the Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life : Perceptions of Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital health technologies such as mobile health (mHealth) are considered to have the potential to support the needs of older adults with cognitive impairment. However, the evidence for improving health with the use of mHealth applications is of limited quality. Few studies have reported on the consequences of technology use concerning the older adults' quality of life. The purpose of this study was to describe perceptions of mHealth and its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among older adults with cognitive impairment. The study was conducted using a qualitative design with a phenomenographic approach. A total of 18 older participants with cognitive impairment were interviewed. The interviews were analyzed in order to apply phenomenography in a home-care context. The results showed variations in the older adults' perceptions that were comprised within three categories of description; Require technology literacy, Maintain social interaction, and Facilitate independent living. In conclusion, the development and design of mHealth technologies need to be tailored based on older adults´ needs in order to be understood and perceived as useful in a home-care context. For mHealth to support HRQoL, healthcare should be provided in a way that encourages various forms of communication and interaction.
|
|
| 5. |
- Guzman-Parra, Jose, et al.
(författare)
-
Attitudes and use of information and communication technologies in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or early stages of dementia and their caregivers : cross-sectional study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications. - 1438-8871. ; 22:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Information and communication technologies are promising tools to increase the quality of life of people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment and that of their caregivers. However, there are barriers to their use associated with sociodemographic factors and negative attitudes, as well as inadequate knowledge about technologies. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze technophilia (attitudes toward new technologies) and the use of smartphones and tablets along with associated factors in people with dementia/mild cognitive impairment and their caregivers. METHODS: Data from the first visit of the Support Monitoring and Reminder for Mild Dementia (SMART4MD) randomized multicenter clinical trial were used for this analysis. Data were obtained from two European countries, Spain and Sweden, and from three centers: Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa (Catalonia, Spain), Servicio Andaluz de Salud (Andalusia, Spain), and the Blekinge Institute of Technology (Sweden). Participants with a score between 20 and 28 in the Mini Mental State Examination, with memory problems (for more than 6 months), and who were over the age of 55 years were included in the study, along with their caregivers. The bivariate Chi square and Mann-Whitney tests, and multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 1086 dyads were included (N=2172). Overall, 299 (27.53%) of people with dementia/mild cognitive impairment had a diagnosis of dementia. In addition, 588 (54.14%) of people with dementia/mild cognitive impairment reported using a smartphone almost every day, and 106 (9.76%) used specific apps or software to support their memory. Among the caregivers, 839 (77.26%) used smartphones and tablets almost every day, and 181 (16.67%) used specific apps or software to support their memory. The people with dementia/mild cognitive impairment showed a lower level of technophilia in comparison to that of their caregivers after adjusting for confounders (B=0.074, P=.02) with differences in technology enthusiasm (B=0.360, P<.001), but not in technology anxiety (B=-0.042, P=.37). Technophilia was associated with lower age (B=-0.009, P=.004), male gender (B=-0.160, P<.001), higher education level (P=.01), living arrangement (living with children vs single; B=-2.538, P=.01), country of residence (Sweden vs Spain; B=0.256, P<.001), lower depression (B=-0.046, P<.001), and better health status (B=0.004, P<.001) in people with dementia/mild cognitive impairment. Among caregivers, technophilia was associated with comparable sociodemographic factors (except for living arrangement), along with a lower caregiver burden (B=-0.005, P=.04) and better quality of life (B=0.348, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Technophilia was associated with a better quality of life and sociodemographic variables in people with dementia/mild cognitive impairment and caregivers, suggesting potential barriers for technological interventions. People with dementia/mild cognitive impairment frequently use smartphones and tablets, but the use of specific apps or software to support memory is limited. Interventions using these technologies are needed to overcome barriers in this population related to sociodemographic characteristics and the lack of enthusiasm for new technologies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03325699; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03325699. ©Jose Guzman-Parra, Pilar Barnestein-Fonseca, Gloria Guerrero-Pertiñez, Peter Anderberg, Luis Jimenez-Fernandez, Esperanza Valero-Moreno, Jessica Marian Goodman-Casanova, Antonio Cuesta-Vargas, Maite Garolera, Maria Quintana, Rebeca I García-Betances, Evi Lemmens, Johan Sanmartin Berglund, Fermin Mayoral-Cleries.
|
|
| 6. |
- Kvist, Ola F. T., et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison of reliability of magnetic resonance imaging using cartilage and T1-weighted sequences in the assessment of the closure of the growth plates at the knee
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - London : Sage Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 9:9, s. 1-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Growth development is traditionally evaluated with plain radiographs of the hand and wrist to visualize bone structures using ionizing radiation. Meanwhile, MRI visualizes bone and cartilaginous tissue without radiation exposure. Purpose: To determine the state of growth plate closure of the knee in healthy adolescents and young adults and compare the reliability of staging using cartilage sequences and T1-weighted (T1W) sequence between pediatric and general radiologists. Material and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study of MRI of the knee with both cartilage and T1W sequences was performed in 395 male and female healthy subjects aged between 14.0 and 21.5 years old. The growth plate of the femur and the tibia were graded using a modified staging scale by two pediatric and two general radiologists. Femur and tibia were graded separately with both sequences. Results: The intraclass correlation was overall excellent. The inter- and intra-observer agreement for pediatric radiologists on T1W was 82% (kappa = 0.73) and 77% (kappa = 0.65) for the femur and 90% (kappa = 0.82) and 87% (kappa = 0.75) for the tibia. The inter-observer agreement for general radiologists on T1W was 69% (kappa = 0.56) for the femur and 56% (kappa = 0.34) for the tibia. Cohen's kappa coefficient showed a higher inter- and intra-observer agreement for cartilage sequences than for T1W: 93% (kappa = 0.86) and 89% (kappa = 0.79) for the femur and 95% (kappa = 0.90) and 91% (kappa = 0.81) for the tibia. Conclusion: Cartilage sequences are more reliable than T1W sequence in the assessment of the growth plate in adolescents and young adults. Pediatric radiology experience is preferable.
|
|
| 7. |
- Moraes, Ana Luiza Dallora, et al.
(författare)
-
Chronological Age Assessment in Young Individuals Using Bone Age Assessment Staging and Nonradiological Aspects : Machine Learning Multifactorial Approach
- 2020
-
Ingår i: JMIR Medical Informatics. - : JMIR Publications. - 2291-9694. ; 8:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Bone age assessment (BAA) is used in numerous pediatric clinical settings, as well as in legal settings when entities need an estimate of chronological age (CA) when valid documents are lacking. The latter case presents itself as critical since the law is harsher for adults and granted rights along with imputability changes drastically if the individual is a minor. Traditional BAA methods suffer from drawbacks such as exposure of minors to radiation, do not consider factors that might affect the bone age and they mostly focus on a single region. Given the critical scenarios in which BAA can affect the lives of young individuals it is important to focus on the drawbacks of the traditional methods and investigate the potential of estimating CA through BAA.Objective: This paper aims to investigate CA estimation through BAA in young individuals of 14 to 21 years with machine learning methods, addressing the drawbacks in the research using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), assessment of multiple ROIs and other factors that may affect the bone age.Methods: MRI examinations of the radius, distal tibia, proximal tibia, distal femur and calcaneus were carried out on 465 males and 473 females subjects (14-21 years). Measures of weight and height were taken from the subjects and a questionnaire was given for additional information (self-assessed Tanner Scale, physical activity level, parents' origin, type of residence during upbringing). Two pediatric radiologists assessed, independently, the MRI images as to their stage of bone development (blinded to age, gender and each other). All the gathered information was used in training machine learning models for chronological age estimation and minor versus adults classification (threshold of 18 years). Different machine learning methods were investigated.Results: The minor versus adults classification produced accuracies of 90% and 84%, for male and female subjects, respectively, with high recalls for the classification of minors. The chronological age estimation for the eight age groups (14-21 years) achieved mean absolute errors of 0.95 years and 1.24 years for male and female subjects, respectively. However, for the latter lower error occurred only for the ages of 14 and 15.Conclusions: This paper proposed to investigate the CA estimation through BAA using machine learning methods in two ways: minor versus adults classification and CA estimation in eight age groups (14-21 years), while addressing the drawbacks in the research on BAA. The first achieved good results, however, for the second case BAA showed not precise enough for the classification.
|
|
| 8. |
- Moraes, Ana Luiza Dallora, et al.
(författare)
-
Multifactorial 10-year prior diagnosis prediction model of dementia
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:18, s. 1-18
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dementia is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects the older adult population. To date, no cure or treatment to change its course is available. Since changes in the brains of affected individuals could be evidenced as early as 10 years before the onset of symptoms, prognosis research should consider this time frame. This study investigates a broad decision tree multifactorial approach for the prediction of dementia, considering 75 variables regarding demographic, social, lifestyle, medical history, biochemical tests, physical examination, psychological assessment and health instruments. Previous work on dementia prognoses with machine learning did not consider a broad range of factors in a large time frame. The proposed approach investigated predictive factors for dementia and possible prognostic subgroups. This study used data from the ongoing multipurpose Swedish National Study on Aging and Care, consisting of 726 subjects (91 presented dementia diagnosis in 10 years). The proposed approach achieved an AUC of 0.745 and Recall of 0.722 for the 10-year prognosis of dementia. Most of the variables selected by the tree are related to modifiable risk factors; physical strength was important across all ages. Also, there was a lack of variables related to health instruments routinely used for the dementia diagnosis.
|
|
| 9. |
- Quintana, María, et al.
(författare)
-
Feasibility-usability study of a tablet app adapted specifically for persons with cognitive impairment—SMART4MD (Support monitoring and reminder technology for mild dementia)
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:18, s. 1-21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Population ageing within Europe has major social and economic consequences. One of the most devastating conditions that predominantly affects older people is dementia. The SMART4MD (Support Monitoring and Reminder Technology for Mild Dementia) project aims to develop and test a health application specifically designed for people with mild dementia. The aim of this feasibility study was to evaluate the design of the SMART4MD protocol, including recruitment, screening, baseline examination and data management, and to test the SMART4MD application for functionality and usability before utilization in a full-scale study. The feasibility study tested the protocol and the app in Spain and Sweden. A total of nineteen persons with cognitive impairment, and their informal caregivers, individually performed a task-based usability test of the SMART4MD app model in a clinical environment, followed by four-week testing of the app in the home environment. By employing a user-centered design approach, the SMART4MD application proved to be an adequate and feasible interface for an eHealth intervention. In the final usability test, a score of 81% satisfied users was obtained. The possibility to test the application in all the procedures included in the study generated important information on how to present the technology to the users and how to improve these procedures. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
|
|
| 10. |
- Renvert, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
The association between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal disease in a population-based cross-sectional case-control study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: BMC Rheumatology. - : BioMed Central. - 2520-1026. ; 4:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis remains unclear. Methods: We studied oral health and periodontitis in a population-based case-control study of individuals with ≥10 remaining teeth ≥61 years of age and either with, or without a diagnosis of RA. 126 dentate individuals with RA were recruited together with age-matched control individuals without RA. The control individuals were recruited from the general population from the same city (n = 249). A dental examination including a panoramic radiograph was performed on all participants. All individuals with RA were examined and medical records were reviewed by a rheumatologist. In the control group, none of the participants presented with symptoms of RA and their medical records were also negative. Results: The RA group included more women (66.7% vs. 55.8%) (p < 0.01). Individuals in the RA group had a higher body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001). A diagnosis of periodontitis was more common in the RA group (61.1%) than in the control group (33.7%) (p = 0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis identified that a BMI > 25 (OR 6.2, 95% CI 3.6, 10.5, p = 0.000), periodontitis (OR 2.5 95% CI 1.5, 4.2 p = 0.000), and female gender (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.3-4.0, p = 0.003) were associated with RA. Conclusion: RA was associated a diagnosis of periodontitis. © 2020 The Author(s).
|
|
| 11. |
- Svärd, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Antibodies to citrullinated peptides in serum and saliva in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and their association to periodontitis
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. - : CLINICAL & EXPER RHEUMATOLOGY. - 0392-856X .- 1593-098X. ; 38:4, s. 699-704
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives A connection between prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis has been reported. The hypothesis for this association involves increased citrullination in the oral mucosa in patients with periodontitis. Whether ongoing periodontitis has an effect on IgA antibodies to citrullinated peptides (ACPA) in saliva is unknown. We studied IgA ACPA in saliva and serum and their relation to periodontitis and smoking in a population-based elderly RA cohort. Methods A population-based cohort of patients with RA >= 61 years of age (n=132) was examined by rheumatologists and a dental hygienist. Analyses of IgG ACPA in serum and IgA ACPA in serum and saliva were performed. The presence of ACPA was compared in patients with RA with and without periodontitis. Results IgA ACPA in serum occurred in 35% of RA patients with periodontitis and in 43% of RA patients without periodontitis (p=0.740). IgG ACPA in serum was found in 66% of RA patients with periodontitis, and in 69% without periodontitis (p=0.740). IgA ACPA in saliva occurred in 20% with periodontitis and 55% without periodontitis (p=0.062). A logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, gender and smoking gave an odds ratio (OR) of 0.456 (95% CI=0.183-1.137, p=0.092) for saliva IgA ACPA positive individuals to have periodontitis. Conclusions IgA ACPA in serum or saliva was not more common in RA patients with periodontitis. This implies that local production of ACPA by the oral mucosa is not enhanced by periodontal inflammation, in patients with established RA.
|
|
| 12. |
- Tell, Johanna, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
-
Nurses' use and ways of understanding web-based national guidelines for child healthcare
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Computers, Informatics, Nursing. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1538-2931 .- 1538-9774. ; 38:2, s. 62-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The national Rikshandbokenfor child healthcare, is a web-based guideline for child health care in Sweden containing knowledge- and methodological guidance and a national child health care program in progress to be implemented. The aim with the study was to examine child health care nurses use and ways of understanding the national web-basedRikshandbokenfor child health care. Mixed method with sequential explanatory design in two phases was used; a web-survey with descriptive statistic followed by telephone interviews with phenomenographic analysis. The study showed variations in use and contribute with deeper knowledge of child healthcare nurse´s ways of understanding the unit RHB whose varied parts interact with each other. To be reliable, useful and relevant for nurses in their context, Rikshandbokenmust be kept updated and involve the end-users in the development process. Access to technical devices and optimal use of the possibilities with information and communication technology, the national web-based Rikshandbokencan be a resource for continuing learning and a tool in everyday work and a possible determinant to an equal child healthcare. The study contributes with valuable knowledge when designing web-based clinical practice guidelines for healthcare, making them useful and relevant for the end-users
|
|
| 13. |
- Weiber, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
-
Everyday life when growing up with a mother with an intellectual or developmental disability : Four retrospective life-stories
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 27:6, s. 418-430
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The voices of those who have grown up in a family with maternal intellectual or developmental disability (IDD) are valuable for gaining an understanding of their situation, which is essential in order to be able to support these families and avoid potentially detrimental situations. Aim: The study aim was to describe the experience of having grown up in a family where the mother has an IDD, with a focus on everyday life and perceived health consequences in adult life. Method: A qualitative method with retrospective narrative interviews and narrative content analysis was chosen. In-depth interviews were performed with four women who had experiences of a childhood with maternal IDD. Findings: Four themes emerged: Living under adverse circumstances; Dealing with one’s everyday life situation; Receiving insufficient support and wishing for more; and The echo from childhood into adult life. The findings revealed a distressing childhood, characterized by neglect, abuse, anxiety, and overburdening responsibilities, and also endeavors to keep the family situation a secret, while at the same time wanting the adult world to react. Discussion: The findings can hopefully stimulate occupational therapists and other professionals to more effectively identify the situation of these children and provide support to prevent adverse future health conditions and poor well-being. © 2019, © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
|
|
