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- Molfetta, R, et al.
(författare)
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CD155: A Multi-Functional Molecule in Tumor Progression
- 2020
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Ingår i: International journal of molecular sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1422-0067. ; 21:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CD155 is an adhesion molecule belonging to the Nectin/Nectin-like family often overexpressed on tumor cells and involved in many different processes such as cell adhesion, migration and proliferation. In contrast to these pro-tumorigenic functions, CD155 is also a ligand for the activating receptor DNAM-1 expressed on cytotoxic lymphocytes including Natural Killer (NK) cells and involved in anti-tumor immune response. However, during tumor progression inhibitory receptors for CD155 are up-regulated on the surface of effector cells, contributing to an impairment of their cytotoxic capacity. In this review we will focus on the roles of CD155 as a ligand for the activating receptor DNAM-1 regulating immune surveillance against cancer and as pro-oncogenic molecule favoring tumor proliferation, invasion and immune evasion. A deeper understanding of the multiple roles played by CD155 in cancer development contributes to improving anti-tumor strategies aimed to potentiate immune response against cancer.
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- Bottai, M, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling the probability of occurrence of events
- 2021
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Ingår i: Statistical methods in medical research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-0334 .- 0962-2802. ; 30:8, s. 1976-1987
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces the event-probability function, a measure of occurrence of an event of interest over time, defined as the instantaneous probability of an event at a given time point conditional on having survived until that point. Unlike the hazard function, the event-probability function is a proper probability. This paper describes properties and interpretation of the event-probability function, presents its connection with other popular functions, such as the hazard and survival functions, proposes practical flexible proportional-odds models for estimating conditional event-probabilities given covariates with possibly censored and truncated observations, discusses the theoretical and computational aspects of parameter estimation, and applies the proposed models for assessing mortality in patients with metastatic renal carcinoma from a randomized clinical trial.
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- Ding, MZ, et al.
(författare)
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The association of apolipoproteins with later-life all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a population-based study stratified by age
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1, s. 24440-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Midlife lipid levels are important predictors of cardiovascular diseases, yet their association with mortality in older adults is less clear. We aimed to (1) identify lipid profiles based on cholesterol, triglycerides, and apolipoproteins using cluster analysis, and (2) investigate how lipid profiles and lipid levels at different ages are associated with later-life all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. We used data from 98,270 individuals in the Swedish AMORIS cohort who had blood measurements between 1985–1996 and were followed until 2012. Over the follow-up (mean 18.0 years), 30,730 (31.3%) individuals died. Three lipid profiles were identified. Compared with reference profile, a high lipid profile (low ApoA-I and high total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, ApoB, and ApoB/ApoA-I ratio) at ages 39–59 or 60–79 was associated with higher all-cause mortality. A high lipid profile at ≥ 80 years, however, did not confer higher mortality. For the specific markers, high TC (≥ 7.25 mmol/L) was associated with higher all-cause mortality in ages 39–59 but lower mortality in ages 60–79 and ≥ 80. Low ApoA-I (< 1.28 g/L) and high ApoB/ApoA-I ratio (≥ 1.18), on the other hand, were associated with higher cardiovascular mortality regardless of age at lipid measurement, highlighting their potential relevance for survival in both young and older individuals.
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- Ness-Jensen, E, et al.
(författare)
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Mortality in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in a population-based nationwide cohort study of Swedish twins
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 10:8, s. e037456-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The public health disorder gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is linked with several comorbidities, including oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC), but whether life expectancy is reduced by GORD is uncertain. This study assessed all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in GORD after controlling for confounding by heredity and other factors.DesignPopulation-based cohort study from 1998 to 2015.SettingSwedish nationwide study.ParticipantsTwins (n=40 961) born in 1958 or earlier in Sweden.ExposureGORD symptoms reported in structured computer-assisted telephone interviews.OutcomesThe primary outcome was all-cause mortality and the secondary outcome was cancer-specific mortality among twins with GORD and twins without GORD. HRs and 95% CIs were analysed using parametric survival models, both in individual twin analyses and co-twin pair analyses, with adjustment for body mass index, smoking, education and comorbidity.ResultsAmong 40 961 individual twins, 5812 (14.2%) had GORD at baseline and 8062 (19.7%) died during follow-up of up to 16 years. The risks of all-cause mortality (HR=1.00, 95% CI: 0.94–1.07) and cancer-specific mortality (HR=0.99, 95% CI: 0.89–1.10) were not increased in individual twins with GORD compared with individual twins without GORD. Similarly, there were no differences in mortality outcomes in within-pair analyses. The OAC-specific mortality rate was 0.45 (95% CI: 0.32–0.66) per 1000 person-years in individual twins with GORD and 0.22 (95% CI: 0.18–0.27) per 1000 person-years without GORD, rendering an adjusted HR of 2.01 (95% CI: 1.35–2.98).ConclusionsGORD did not increase all-cause or cancer-specific mortality when taking heredity and other confounders into account. The increased relative risk of mortality in OAC was low in absolute numbers.
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