| 1. |
- Selander, John, et al.
(författare)
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Internal locus of control and vocational rehabilitation
- 2008
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 30:2, s. 149-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In previous studies, internal locus of control (ILC) has been pointed out as a key factor for return to work after vocational rehabilitation. The aim of the current study was to gain a deeper understanding of the concept of ILC in a Swedish vocational rehabilitation context. The study was based on data from 347 long-term sick-listed clients collected at the onset of vocational rehabilitation. A first bi-variate analysis showed that ILC was positively associated with physical functioning and general health, and negatively associated with bodily pain. The analysis also showed that women, more than men, reported high internal locus of control. After a second multivariate analysis, only bodily pain remained associated. It is concluded that there exist a strong and negative association between bodily pain and internal locus of control. Clients with severe pain often also suffer from low internal locus of control. This should be kept in mind when providing vocational rehabilitation.
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| 2. |
- Asplund, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Nocturia in relation to somatic health, mental health and pain in adult men and women
- 2005
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Ingår i: BJU International. - 1464-4096 .- 1464-410X. ; 95:6, s. 816-819
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship of nocturia to somatic health, mental health and bodily pain. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A randomly selected group of men and women aged 20-64 years, living in three small municipalities in northern Sweden, or in the city of Ostersund or in Stockholm, were sent a postal questionnaire containing questions on somatic and mental health, satisfaction with life, pain, nocturnal voiding, work and sick-listing from work. RESULTS: Reports (from 1948 respondents) on poor somatic and mental health and on pain all increased in parallel with increasing frequency of nocturnal voids. In a multiple logistic regression analysis with sex, age, somatic health, mental health and bodily pain as the independent variables, significant independent correlates (odds ratios, confidence intervals) of nocturnal micturition (two or more episodes vs none or one) were: age 45-59 vs 20-44 years, 1.9 (1.3-2.7), > or =60 vs 20-44 years, 3.8 (2.4-6.0); somatic health, poor vs good, 2.3 (1.4-3.7); mental health, poor vs good, 1.9 (1.2-3.0); pain, rather mild vs very mild or none, 1.5 (1.0-2.3); rather severe vs very mild or none, 1.9 (1.1-3.2); and very severe vs very mild or none, 6.0 (2.5-14.0). Gender was deleted by the logistic model. Sick-listing for > or = 60 days during the past year was reported by 4.9%, 10.6%, 5.6% and 38.9% of the men with none, one, two or > or = three nocturnal voids, respectively, and by 10%, 12.4%, 23% and 46.7% (both P < 0.001) of the corresponding women, respectively. Life satisfaction decreased in parallel with increased nocturia. CONCLUSION: The impairment of both somatic and mental health was associated with increased nocturnal voiding. Pain was associated with a substantial increase in nocturia after adjusting for age and somatic and mental health. Sick-leave was more common in association with more nocturnal voids.
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| 3. |
- Asplund, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Place of residence as a correlate of sickness absence in Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. - 0342-5282 .- 1473-5660. ; 30:2, s. 147-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A postal questionnaire was sent to 1500 randomly selected men and women aged 20-64 years living in three sparsely populated municipalities in northern Sweden with high rates of sickness absence, and to 1000 corresponding inhabitants in the Swedish capital Stockholm with a low rate of sickness absence. The proportion of participants aged >or=45 years was higher and incomes were lower in municipalities with high rates of sickness absence. In multiple logistic regression analyses with age, education, income, somatic health, mental health, pain and place of residence as independent variables, significant correlates of sick listing in men were: age >or=45 years (odds ratio 5.0; 95% confidence interval 2.4-10.3), poor somatic health (5.4; 2.6-11.0) and severe musculoskeletal pain (4.7; 2.4-9.1); and in women: age >or=45 years (2.6; 1.5-4.8), poor somatic health (12.2; 6.1-24.4), poor mental health (4.5; 2.0-10.1) and severe musculoskeletal pain (5.4; 2.7-10.5). Mental health was deleted by the logistic model for men, and income, education and place of residence for both sexes. We conclude that no support was found for the assumption that factors attributable to place of residence could explain the regional differences in sickness absence.
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| 4. |
- Asplund, Ragnar, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep in relation to sickness absence, unemployment and place of residence
- 2005
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Ingår i: Sleep and hypnosis. - 1302-1192. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study, a questionnaire survey, was undertaken to assess the influence of sickness absence and unemployment on sleep in a randomly selected group of men and women in five Swedish municipalities with very different demographic conditions, living conditions and health profiles. The survey comprised 1,948 randomly selected persons (47.7% men) of ages 20–64 years. Poor sleep was reported by 17.0% of the men and 18.5% of the women (NS). Poor sleep was 5.5 (3.5–8.6) times more common in sick listed men and 6.8 (4.7–9.9) times more common is such women than in men and women, respectively, who were not sick-listed. The proportion reporting poor sleep increased in parallel with increasing numbers of days on sickness benefit during the last year. In a multiple logistic regression analysis significant independent correlates of poor sleep in men were: being on sickness benefit (OR 2.1; 95%CI 1.1–3.8), poor somatic health (3.6; 2.0–6.3) and poor mental health (7.0; 4.0–12.3). The corresponding correlates in women were: being on sickness benefit (2.5; 1.4–4.3), poor somatic health (3.2; 1.8–5.8) and poor mental health (5.5; 3.3–9.2). Age, marital status, employment status and the place of residence were deleted by the logistic model for both sexes. It is concluded that poor sleep increased in men and women on sickness benefit but not those who were unemployed after adjustment for age, health, marital status and place of residence.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Marnetoft, Sven-Uno, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of perceived health, attitudes to work, leisure time, and social welfare systems among people in a rural area in the north of Sweden and among people in the city of Stockholm
- 2007
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 28:2, s. 153-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A problem attracting considerable attention in Sweden today is the substantial regional differences in sickness absence. The aim of the study was to investigate and compare how people, from a random sample of the population in both a rural area in the north of Sweden and the Swedish capital Stockholm, perceive their health, and what their attitudes are to work, leisure time and social welfare systems. Results showed that a larger proportion of those answering in Stockholm considered their health status to be "very good", compared with those in the rural area (p<0.0001). A majority in the rural area compared to the city of Stockholm reported a high or very high level of aches/pain (p<0.0001) and that work causes them physical problems p<0.0001). The population in both Stockholm and the rural area is of the opinion that the increase in sickness absence is mainly due to deterioration in the work environment. Almost half of the individuals in both the rural area and in Stockholm are of the opinion that many of those sick-listed are not actually ill. It may be that in the rural area in north Sweden people are more inclined to put their opinions to practice than those in Stockholm are
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| 7. |
- Selander, John, et al.
(författare)
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Case-Management in Vocational Rehabilitation : A case study with promising results
- 2005
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 24, s. 297-304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of the current study was to investigate whether Case Management and the strengths model could be a successful method in vocational rehabilitation of unemployed people on long term sick leave in Sweden. An additional aim was to further highlight the actual rehabilitation process. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Ten clients, five men and five women aged between 35 and 40, were included in the project. All ten were at the project start both long-term unemployed (2-13 years) and on long term sick leave (2-6 years). The project was evaluated from four perspectives: Quality of life (SF 36), sickness absence, and contact with working life were investigated before and after the project. The rehabilitation process was investigated during and after the project. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The result from the study was positive. Of the 10 clients who participated in the project, six have improved their quality of life, seven have a diminished sickness absence and seven have a closer contact to working life after the project than before. With regards to the rehabilitation process, the results here also impart a positive picture. It should be noted, however, that the study is small and not based on a random sample. The results should not be generalized, but recognized instead as a positive indication.
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| 8. |
- Selander, John
(författare)
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Economic Incentives for Return to Work in Sweden : In Theory and in Practice
- 2006
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Ingår i: International journal of Disability Management Research. - 1833-8550. ; 1:1, s. 107-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A significant problem in Sweden is the large number of people on long-term sickness absence and disability pension. To prevent long-term absenteeism, increased focus has been put on employers and disability management (DM). Effective DM, however, also requires a motivated employee. One way to motivate employees to return to work (RTW), is to provide economic incentives. The aim of the current study was to investigate the occurrence of economic incentives for people in Sweden to RTW after long-term sickness absence. The study is based on three fictitious cases. The results show that only marginal economic incentives presently exist in the Swedish RTW system. The necessity for economic incentives in the RTW process can, of course, be usefully debated. Research suggests, however, that such incentives play a part in the RTW process. With stronger economic incentives for the employee, the effectiveness of DM and prospects of job return would, arguably, be enhanced
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| 9. |
- Selander, John, et al.
(författare)
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Locus of control and regional differences in sickness absence in Sweden.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 27:16, s. 925-928
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate if there are differences in locus of control (LOC), at a societal level, between two residential areas in Sweden with substantial differences in sickness absence. METHOD: A postal questionnaire was sent to 1500 randomly selected men and women aged 20 - 64 years. Five hundred questionnaires were sent to people living in Stromsund (a sparsely populated municipality in northern Sweden with high rates of sickness absence) and 1000 questionnaires to people in the Swedish capital of Stockholm, which has a low rate of sickness absence. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A comparison of LOC in the two study areas supported our hypothesis to a certain extent, external locus being more prominent in Stromsund. When physical and mental health and income were considered, however, the differences disappeared. Consequently, this study did not support the opinion that differences in sickness absence can be explained by LOC at a societal level
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| 10. |
- Selander, John, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors for successful vocational rehabilitation for clients with back pain problems
- 2007
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - Abingdon : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 29:3, s. 215-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify predicting factors for successful vocational rehabilitation for people with back pain problems. METHOD: The study was based on data from 347 long-term sick-listed clients collected at the onset of vocational rehabilitation. The outcome was measured 6 months after the conclusion of rehabilitation. RESULTS: In a first bi-variate analysis, a considerable number of variables were associated with the rehabilitation outcome. In a second multivariate analysis, only four associations remained. These were age, general health, vitality and internal locus of control. Young vital clients in good general health, with a high internal locus of control were more likely than others to return to work. CONCLUSION: The findings regarding age, general health and vitality are well in line with previous studies. The findings regarding internal locus of control are more unique.
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