| 1. |
- Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed, et al.
(författare)
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Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Doses Using the Health Belief Model : A Cross-Sectional Study in Low-Middle- and High-Income Countries of the East Mediterranean Region
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 19:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) booster doses decrease infection transmission and disease severity. This study aimed to assess the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses in low, middle, and high-income countries of the East Mediterranean Region (EMR) and its determinants using the health belief model (HBM). In addition, we aimed to identify the causes of booster dose rejection and the main source of information about vaccination. Using the snowball and convince sampling technique, a bilingual, self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was used to collect the data from 14 EMR countries through different social media platforms. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the key determinants that predict vaccination acceptance among respondents. Overall, 2327 participants responded to the questionnaire. In total, 1468 received compulsory doses of vaccination. Of them, 739 (50.3%) received booster doses and 387 (26.4%) were willing to get the COVID-19 vaccine booster doses. Vaccine booster dose acceptance rates in low, middle, and high-income countries were 73.4%, 67.9%, and 83.0%, respectively (p < 0.001). Participants who reported reliance on information about the COVID-19 vaccination from the Ministry of Health websites were more willing to accept booster doses (79.3% vs. 66.6%, p < 0.001). The leading causes behind booster dose rejection were the beliefs that booster doses have no benefit (48.35%) and have severe side effects (25.6%). Determinants of booster dose acceptance were age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.03, p = 0.002), information provided by the Ministry of Health (OR = 3.40, 95% CI: 1.79–6.49, p = 0.015), perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 infection (OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.21–2.93, p = 0.005), perceived severity of COVID-19 (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 137–3.16, p = 0.001), and perceived risk of side effects (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.19–0.34, p < 0.001). Booster dose acceptance in EMR is relatively high. Interventions based on HBM may provide useful directions for policymakers to enhance the population’s acceptance of booster vaccination.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Andersen, Kim, et al.
(författare)
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Alternative News Orientation and Trust in Mainstream Media: A Longitudinal Audience Perspective
- 2023
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Ingår i: Digital Journalism. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2167-0811 .- 2167-082X. ; 11:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of online alternative news sites has enabled people to easily access viewpoints corresponding to their social and political identities and challenging mainstream media coverage. Taking an audience perspective and relying on a large four-wave panel survey from Sweden, this study examines orientation towards alternative news, paying specific attention to the potential reinforcing relationship with trust in mainstream media. Results show that increasing orientation towards alternative news is related to decreasing trust in mainstream media, and vice versa. In addition, the study highlights how alternative news orientation supplements rather than replaces consumption of traditional news. These findings provide valuable insights on the alternative news users and the dynamics of their media consumption, informing the debate on the role played by alternative news media in society.
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| 4. |
- Andersen, Kim, et al.
(författare)
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Maintenance and Reformation of News Repertoires: A Latent Transition Analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly. - : SAGE Publications. - 1077-6990 .- 2161-430X. ; 99:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today’s media environment provides people ample opportunities for constructing news habits fitting their preferences, but our knowledge about the dynamics of such news habits is limited. Using a four-wave panel survey from Sweden and taking a news repertoires approach, the study identifies four groups of news users labeled Public service-oriented traditionalists, Minimalists, Engaged pluralists, and Quality-oriented explorers, which are each related to news interest, trust in mainstream news media, and socio-demographic factors in distinct ways. The news repertoires are highly stable, even during profound contextual change, showing that people most often maintain their news habits and only seldom reform them.
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| 5. |
- Andersen, Kim, et al.
(författare)
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Selective news avoidance: consistency and temporality
- 2024
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Ingår i: Communication Research. - 0093-6502.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Can news avoidance be considered a stable personal “trait,” adhering to a specific group of consistent news avoiders, or is it rather a volatile “state” reflecting temporal variations in audience practices? Based on a five-wave panel survey collected in Sweden during the coronavirus pandemic, we show that selective avoidance of news about the pandemic varies both between persons, representing consistency, and within persons, representing temporality. Drawing on the information utility model, we additionally show that both dimensions are related to audience preferences, specifically news interest, news media trust, and societal concerns. These results illustrate that the practice of selective news avoidance is not restricted to a specific group of people with limited news use but also represents a more fluid audience behavior of adjusting news consumption patterns in response to individual and contextual changes. However, as the correlates of the two dimensions are similar, the results stress the polarizing potential of news avoidance in democracy.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Andersen, Kim, et al.
(författare)
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The scary world syndrome: News orientations, negativity bias, and the cultivation of anxiety
- 2024
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Ingår i: Mass Communication & Society. - 1520-5436. ; 27:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Negativity bias is one of the most salient features of news reporting. According to cultivation theory, this bias can foster anxiety about societal issues among news audiences. The relationship is, however, likely to depend on the audience’s news orientations and the issue under consideration. Drawing on a content analysis of mainstream and alternative news media and a three-wave panel survey, both conducted in Sweden, we examine how general and alternative news orientations relate to egotropic anxiety (worry about being personally affected or harmed) about violent crimes and climate change. The results show that while alternative news media portray violent crimes more negatively than mainstream news media, the opposite is true for climate change, which mainstream news media portray more negatively than alternative news media. Consistent with this finding, alternative news orientation is related to higher levels of anxiety about violent crimes, while general news orientation is related to higher levels of anxiety about climate change, illustrating how people seek information that concur with and thereby maintain or reinforce their beliefs. These results have consequences both for cultivation theory and for our understanding of the role played by mainstream and alternative news media in society.
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| 8. |
- Boulianne, S., et al.
(författare)
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Age Differences in Online News Consumption and Online Political Expression in the United States, United Kingdom, and France
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Press/Politics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1940-1612 .- 1940-1620. ; 27:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Younger and older generations are differently motivated in relation to news consumption and online political expression. In this paper, we suggest that different modes of citizenship characterize younger and older generations. To test the differential role of political interest in news consumption and online political expression, we use a survey of 3,210 people from the United States, 3,043 from the United Kingdom, and 3,031 from France. Our findings suggest that young citizens are more frequent users of online news overall and that the rank order of different news activities replicates cross-nationally. The frequency of online political expression is negatively related to age, with older people less likely to post online. Age moderates the relationship between political interest and news consumption as well as news consumption and online political expression. The correlations of these sets of variables are stronger for younger respondents compared to older respondents. These findings hold across the three countries under study. We explain these patterns in terms of changing citizenship norms and discuss the implications for democracy. © The Author(s) 2021.
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| 9. |
- Cöster, Angelica, 1993, et al.
(författare)
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From Cultivation to Self-Cultivation: Alternative Media and Reinforcing Spirals in a Fragmented Media Environment
- 2024
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION. - 1932-8036. ; 18, s. 1382-1404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Media environments have changed rapidly since cultivation theory was proposed in the 1960s. This study analyzes whether growing opportunities for media choice reinforce and polarize public perceptions of crime development. This is done by synthesizing cultivation theory with the reinforcing spirals model. The study relies on a combination of a quantitative media content analysis (N = 904) and a three-wave panel survey (N = 1,508) conducted in Sweden. The findings suggest that there are significant differences between violent crimes news content in alternative media and traditional media and that there are reinforcing effects between alternative news orientation and crime perceptions but not between traditional news media use and crime perceptions. We propose self-cultivation as a new concept that can be used to understand cultivation processes in today's high-choice media environment.
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| 10. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Media Salience Shifts and the Public’s Perceptions About Reality: How Fluctuations in News Media Attention Influence the Strength of Citizens’ Sociotropic Beliefs
- 2024
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Ingår i: Mass Communication & Society. - 1520-5436.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines whether shifts in news media attention to societal issues matter for how strong beliefs citizens have about those issues. Based on an issue signal approach, in which media salience is conceptualized as signal strength, the study analyzes whether sociotropic beliefs become more prevalent, extreme, and certain when news media salience rises, and less prevalent, extreme, and certain when media salience drops. Using a four-wave panel survey dataset collected over a two-year period, the empirical analysis links media content analyses of issue salience to panel survey data, comparing four issues with different levels of baseline salience and political controversy: violent crimes, immigration, climate change, and antibiotic resistance. The analysis shows that issue-specific news media exposure and issue-specific use of alternative media offer two different pathways to the formation of beliefs. The hypothesized relationship with news media salience was supported for the two controversial issues with high baseline salience (immigration and violent crimes), but not for climate change and antibiotic resistance. The results indicate that issue attributes matter and that audiences may respond differently to salience shifts depending on the level of controversy of the issue.
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| 11. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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News framing and the activation of authoritarianism
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Paper presented at the 9th European communication conference, ecrea 2022, in Aarhus.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The emergence of authoritarian attitudes within contemporary democracy puzzles researchers and worries those who trust a liberal democracy. Under what circumstances do people develop authoritarian attitudes? A general argument in the literature, confirmed in empirical studies, suggests that predispositions for authoritarianism, deep-rooted values of conformism, submission etc., are fairly widespread, but are activated in manifest attitudes under certain circumstances of threat related to crisis, social disorder and cultural tensions. Research provides extensive evidence of the impact of threat on individuals’ propensity to hold authoritarian attitudes. In this research, the role of the news media is however generally ignored. Given extensive research on the discursive construction and framing of crisis and threat in the news media, and the evidence on the importance of the media in shaping people’s attitudes on social issues, we can expect a significant role of news journalism in this context. This paper contributes to fill this gap by presenting two experimental studies addressing hypotheses of news framing effects on authoritarian attitudes. The first experiment focuses on news about disorder in school and a related threat to authority. The second focuses on news about same-sex parents, and a related threat to conformity. The panel experiments follow a pretest-posttest design with random assignment into treatment (threat-framed news) and control groups. The stimuli consists of news produced by a professional journalist. The sample is drawn from a pool of web survey participants at the Laboratory of Opinion Research (LORE) at the University of Gothenburg. Approx. 2,200 people participated. The study provides evidence of direct effects of threat-framed news on authoritarian attitudes. However, the results from the two experiments differ, which is discussed and preliminary explained with reference to the different position of the news issues in the socio-political landscape. While the result shows a clear positive impact of authoritarian values on authoritarian attitudes across the two news issues, the study provides no evidence for an activation mechanism.
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| 12. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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News framing and the activation of authoritarianism
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Paper presented online at the 73rd ICA conference, 25-29 May 2023, Toronto..
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The emergence of authoritarian attitudes within contemporary democracy puzzles researchers and worries those who trust a liberal democracy. Under what circumstances do people develop authoritarian attitudes? The literature suggests that circumstances of threat, social disorder and cultural tensions, have a strong impact on attitudes. There is substantial evidence that predispositions for authoritarianism tend to be activated under circumstances of threat. In this research, the role of the news media is generally ignored. This is a significant limitation. Given the power of news in the framing of disorder and tensions, and the importance of the media in shaping people’s attitudes on social issues, we expect a significant role of news journalism in this context. This article presents a theoretically grounded experimental study addressing hypotheses of news framing effects on authoritarian attitudes. The two panel experiments, on news about disorder in school and same-sex parents, follow a pretest-posttest design with random assignment into treatment (threat-framed news) and control groups. The study provides evidence of direct effects of threat-framed news on authoritarian attitudes, but no evidence for an activation mechanism. The results from the experiments differ, which is preliminary explained with reference to the positions of the news issues in the socio-political landscape.
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| 13. |
- Glogger, Isabella, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Bridging the gap: Introducing a socio-cultural dimension to explain beliefs about man-made threats
- 2022
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Ingår i: Public Understanding of Science. - : SAGE Publications. - 0963-6625 .- 1361-6609. ; 31:8, s. 1063-1078
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The belief gap hypothesis focuses on why individuals differ in beliefs about the causes and consequences of issues despite expert consensus. Offering ideological rationalization and media use as an explanation for diverting beliefs, it, so far, has focused on ideological priors that describe traditional socio-economic cleavages—even if scientific and environmental issues go beyond monetary questions. In this study, we aim to counter this shortcoming by introducing a socio-cultural dimension of ideology to research on the belief gap hypothesis. Comparing two issues of man-made threats—climate change and antimicrobial resistance—and emphasizing more strongly the role of media use for belief gaps, we find that a socio-cultural dimension of ideology serves as a better predictor for diverting beliefs about climate change but not for antimicrobial resistance. In contrast to left-leaning media, using right-leaning media outlets widens climate change belief gaps.
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| 14. |
- Glogger, Isabella, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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The world around us and the picture(s) in our heads: The effects of news media use on belief organization
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Communication Monographs. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0363-7751 .- 1479-5787. ; 90:2, s. 159-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since Converse [1964. The nature of belief systems in mass publics. Critical Review, 18(1-3), 1 - 74 https://doi.org/10.1080/08913810608443650] asked "What goes with what?", research tries to answer this question. How individuals perceive the world around them depending on media use has been an endeavor of studying societal beliefs of societal issues separately. Building upon literature on cognitive architecture, we study how media use shapes the formation and stability of belief structures across issues in public opinion reflected in groups of individuals. Using a three-wave panel study, we found (1) that individuals' perceptions of different issues are interconnected, (2) translating into aggregate-stable, concurring groups in public opinion, and that (3) differential media use affects the formation and stability of these groups.
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| 15. |
- Johansson, Bengt, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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When the rally-around-the-flag effect disappears, or: when the COVID-19 pandemic becomes “normalized”
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-7289 .- 1745-7297. ; 30:S1, s. 321-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rally-around-the-flag effect describes the tendency of public opinion to become more favourable toward political leaders in times of crises. Political leaders rarely can exchange this initial rally-around-effect into long-term support, however. The central question addressed in this paper is, why political leaders cannot maintain this increase in support over time. Based on three-wave panel data collected during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden (N=1716), this paper investigates why political leaders cannot maintain initial popular support in the long run. Empirically, we find that perceptions of how Sweden is affected by the crisis and political ideology are both important drivers to understand the declining government approval following a rally-around-the-flag effect.
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| 16. |
- Oleskog Tryggvason, Per, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Success or Failure? News Framing of the COP26 Glasgow Summit and its Effects on Citizens’ Beliefs About Climate Change
- 2024
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Press/Politics. - 1940-1612 .- 1940-1620.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The UN climate summits represent decisive moments for climate change policy. Under significant media coverage, world leaders gather for intense negotiations over policies to address global warming. Given the enormous political, economic, and environmental issues at stake, news media typically frame these summits in terms of success or failure. Still, we know surprisingly little about how these mediated mega events influence public perceptions both during and beyond the specific summit. Focusing on the 2021 Glasgow summit (COP26), this study combines a media content analysis and a two-wave panel survey with a rolling cross-section component, to determine how news framing influenced both summit-specific and more generic climate change beliefs among citizens in Sweden. Findings show (1) that beliefs about the success/failure of the summit took shape immediately following the summit, (2) that news framing effects were particularly pronounced when the final agreement was settled, and (3) that these instantaneous framing effects on summit-specific beliefs left small but lasting imprints on citizens’ generic climate change beliefs several weeks after the summit. These findings have implications for both climate opinion and theories of dynamic news framing effects.
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| 17. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Belief maintenance as a media effect: a conceptualization and empirical approach
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Human Communication Research. - 0360-3989 .- 1468-2958. ; 50:1, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While prominent theories of media effects suggest that the maintenance of societal perceptions (and misperceptions) is a critical and distinct outcome of exposure to mediated communication, the "maintenance effect"remains poorly understood. This article provides a theoretical conceptualization and operational approach to the maintenance effect. The first part addresses the distinct properties of the maintenance effect and proposes a conceptualization anchored in theories of cognitive media effects. The second part focuses on the psychological mechanisms behind the maintenance effect, outlining factors operating in the short and long run. Finally, building upon recent statistical developments for longitudinal data analysis, the third part suggests and illustrates a specific empirical approach for analyzing the maintenance effect.
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| 18. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Climate Change Frame Acceptance and Resistance: Extreme Weather, Consonant News, and Personal Media Orientations
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Mass Communication & Society. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1520-5436 .- 1532-7825. ; 25:1, s. 51-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Across the globe, extreme weather events have brought climate change into people’s daily lives. Extended heatwaves, droughts, and wildfires are now recurring in many regions across the globe. This study asks how the exceptional 2018 summer influenced climate change beliefs among Swedish citizens. More specifically, the study looks deeper into belief formation dynamics under intense, consonant, and extended news reporting–addressing one of the most fundamental media effects in the literature: the over-time maintenance of societal beliefs through cumulative and repetitive exposure to a dominant issue frame. Using a unique three-wave panel survey, the analysis focuses on citizens’ acceptance (and resistance) of the dominant climate change frame provided by traditional media–whether citizens believe in the existence, causes, and consequences of climate change. The findings reveal strong support for belief maintenance effects over time, but also that belief changes are possible. Even in situations of intense and consonant news reporting, acceptance (and resistance) of the dominant climate change frame depends on citizens’ personal media orientations. Both trust in traditional news media and usage of alternative online news emerge as key factors conditioning classic media effects in a fragmented and polarized media environment.
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| 19. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptualizing long-term media effects on societal beliefs
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Annals of the International Communication Association. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2380-8985 .- 2380-8977. ; 45:1, s. 75-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article critically examines long-term media effects in communication research. Focusing on news exposure, the purpose is to provide a review and theoretical conceptualization of long-term effects on societal beliefs. The first part presents an empirical overview of research published in leading communication journals. While longitudinal studies are not uncommon, few have an explicit and elaborated focus on long-term influences. To advance future research, the second part builds on cognitive schema theory to develop three distinct ways of conceptualizing long-term effects: in terms of (a) effect duration, (b) effect mechanisms and (c) effect dynamics. Finally, the third part condenses a comprehensive literature review into a multilevel framework model of factors contributing to long-term media effects on societal beliefs.
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| 20. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Learning Political News From Social Media: Network Media Logic and Current Affairs News Learning in a High- Choice Media Environment
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Communication Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0093-6502 .- 1552-3810. ; 48:1, s. 125-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the migration from traditional news media to social media, understanding how citizens learn about politics and current affairs from these sources has become increasingly important. Based on the concept of network media logic, distinct from traditional mass media logic, this study investigates whether using social media as a source of political news compensates for not using traditional news media in terms of political and current affairs learning. Using two panel studies conducted in two different political contexts—an election setting and a nonelection setting—the results show positive learning effects from using traditional news media and online news websites, but not from using social media. Taken together, the findings suggest that using social media to follow news about politics and current affairs does not compensate for not using traditional news media in terms of learning a diverse and broad set of general political news.
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| 21. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Media and political partisanship
- 2020
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Ingår i: Research Handbook on Political Partisanship. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar. - 978 1 78811 198 0 ; , s. 60-73
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 22. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981
(författare)
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MEDIA EFFECTS ON PERCEPTIONS OF SOCIETAL PROBLEMS: BELIEF FORMATION IN FRAGMENTED MEDIA ENVIRONMENTS
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Routledge Companion to Political Journalism. - London : Routledge. - 9780367248222 ; , s. 302-311
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter focuses specifically on how the news media influence perceptions of societal problems. This research question is discussed and reviewed in three ways. First, to better understand the context and contingencies of media effects on societal perceptions specifically, the outcome variable is related to the broader literature on sociotropic beliefs and cognitive schema theory. Second, classic theories of media effects focusing on societal perceptions are reviewed. The relevance and viability of these theories are discussed in light of the dramatic media environmental transformations of the last two decades. Third, a model of conditional media effects on sociotropic beliefs in contemporary high-choice media environments is proposed and discussed. The chapter concludes with some suggestions for future research on media effects on sociotropic beliefs.
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| 23. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Media use and societal perceptions: The dual role of media trust
- 2022
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Ingår i: Media and Communication. - : Cogitatio. - 2183-2439. ; 10:3, s. 146-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How citizens’ perceptions of societal problems are shaped by media use has been a critical question in media effects research for decades. This study addresses a specific puzzle concerning media effects in contemporary fragmented media environments: the dual role of media trust as both (a) an antecedent variable guiding news selection and (b) a modera‐ tor variable conditioning the effects of news use on perceptions of societal problems. Building upon the differential sus‐ ceptibility to media effects model, we analyze the role of media trust for citizens’ orientation towards mainstream and alternative news media—and how such usage influences perceptions of two major societal issues: health care and school. Findings from a four‐wave panel survey conducted in Sweden suggest that public service and alternative news use mat‐ ter for citizens’ perceptions of societal problems and that media trust influences news choices and may, partly, condition media effects.
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| 24. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Same News Frames, Different Issues: Issue Familiarity and Dynamic Framing Effects
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Communication Research. - : Sage Publications. - 0093-6502 .- 1552-3810.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study addresses how issue familiarity conditions longitudinal news framing effect dynamics. Comparing how the economic consequences frame impacts interpretation of two global problems—antimicrobial resistance and climate change—we study longitudinal effects across two similar issues varying significantly in salience and politicization, focusing on how various effect dynamics (single, repetitive, and counter-framing exposure) influence citizens’ beliefs over time. A longitudinal experiment conducted with a probability-recruited sample in Sweden (N = 1,956) reveals (1) clear framing effects for both issues, (2) dynamics driven primarily by recency mechanisms, and (3) that individual differences in baseline belief certainty condition news framing effects. In sum, while the same news frame can have very similar effects on different issues, the findings suggest a “dual role” of issue familiarity, potentially conditioning the specific longitudinal effect dynamics, on the one hand, and effect susceptibility, on the other hand.
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| 25. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Selective Exposure and New Political Cleavages: Media Use and Ideological Reinforcement Over Time
- 2022
-
Ingår i: The International Journal of Press/Politics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1940-1612 .- 1940-1620.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New political cleavages are reshaping the political landscape in established democra- cies. The classic left-right ideological dimension that has structured politics for decades is increasingly challenged by a sociocultural value dimension. At the same time, growing opportunities for media choice open for new forms of selective news exposure along political lines. We argue that previous research has too nar- rowly focused on traditional ideological cleavages, neglecting the increasingly impor- tant sociocultural value dimension of politics. Using four waves of panel survey data collected in Sweden during 2020 and 2021, this study analyses ideological selective exposure, audience composition, and reinforcing spirals across a range of mainstream and alternative news outlets. Findings show (1) that the sociocultural value dimension is more important than the socioeconomic dimension for explaining news choices, (2) that it structures news audiences in uniquely distinct ways, and (3) that these relation- ships are highly stable over time—reflecting patterns of de facto selective exposure and ideological maintenance, rather than reinforcement. These findings bring new insights to research on selective news exposure, political polarization, and changing ideological cleavages in Western democracies.
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| 26. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish way: How ideology and media use influenced the formation, maintenance and change of beliefs about the Coronavirus
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Political Communication in the Time of Coronavirus. Peter Van Aelst, Jay G. Blumler (red.). - New York : Routledge. - 9781000467109 ; , s. 209-223
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter examines public belief formation in Sweden during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on theories of sociotropic belief formation, we analyze how citizens’ ideology, personal experience, interpersonal talk and media use influence their beliefs about how the coronavirus affects the Swedish society. The findings from analyses of three waves of panel survey data suggest that (1) citizens continuously update their corona beliefs over time, (2) ideological belief gaps emerge in the initial phase of the crisis but remain relatively constant over time, (3) corona beliefs primarily depend on ideology and news media use and (4) these two factors also influence the likelihood that citizens hold on to beliefs formed at an early stage of the pandemic. Furthermore, while news media use was more clearly related to perceptions about the magnitude of the coronavirus as a societal problem, ideology played a larger role for perceptions about how Sweden had managed the virus. © 2022 selection and editorial matter, Peter Van Aelst and Jay G. Blumler.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Slater, Michael D., et al.
(författare)
-
Reinforcing Spirals Model
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Encyclopedia of Media Psychology. - Wiley : New York. - 9781119011071 ; , s. 1-11
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The reinforcing spirals model (RSM) conceptualizes selective exposure to media and other communication content, and the effects of such content, as part of a larger dynamic process embedded in the social context of the place, the time, and the individual. This model has particular utility for theorizing about the role of media in the development and maintenance of social identities, including religious, political, and lifestyle identities, and of the attitudes and behaviors associated with those identities, in the era of the Internet and social media. A systems theory perspective is used to describe factors that lead to system equilibrium or to increases in polarization and identity extremity. Social cognitive mechanisms for these effects are also proposed in the RSM.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Thomas, F., et al.
(författare)
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How to Capture Reciprocal Communication Dynamics: Comparing Longitudinal Statistical Approaches in Order to Analyze Within- and Between-Person Effects
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Communication. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0021-9916 .- 1460-2466. ; 71:2, s. 187-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Choosing an appropriate statistical model to analyze reciprocal relations between individuals' attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors over time can be challenging. Often, decisions for or against specific models are rather implicit and it remains unclear whether the statistical approach fits the theory of interest. For longitudinal models, this is problematic since within- and between-person processes can be confounded leading to wrong conclusions. Taking the perspective of the reinforcing spirals model (RSM) focusing on media effects and selection, we compare six statistical models that were recently used to analyze the RSM and show their ability to separate within- and between-person components. Using empirical data capturing respondents' development during adolescence, we show that results vary across statistical models. Further, Monte Carlo simulations indicate that some approaches might lead to wrong conclusions if specific communication dynamics are present. In sum, we recommend using approaches that explicitly model and clearly separate within- and between-person effects.
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