| 1. |
- Kim, Joon Tae, et al.
(author)
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Dual antiplatelet Use for extended period taRgeted to AcuTe ischemic stroke with presumed atherosclerotic OrigiN (DURATION) trial : Rationale and design
- 2023
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In: International Journal of Stroke. - : SAGE Publications. - 1747-4930 .- 1747-4949. ; 18:8, s. 1015-1020
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rationale: The optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with clopidogrel-aspirin for the large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke subtype has been debated. Aims: To determine whether the 1-year risk of recurrent vascular events could be reduced by a longer duration of DAPT in patients with the LAA stroke subtype. Methods and study design: A total of 4806 participants will be recruited to detect a statistically significant relative risk reduction of 22% with 80% power and a two-sided alpha error of 0.05, including a 10% loss to follow-up. This is a registry-based, multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end point study designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 12-month duration of DAPT compared with a 3-month duration of DAPT in the LAA stroke subtype. Patients will be randomized (1:1) to either DAPT for 12 months or DAPT for 3 months, followed by monotherapy (either aspirin or clopidogrel) for the remaining 9 months. Study outcomes: The primary efficacy outcome of the study is a composite of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic), myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality for 1 year after the index stroke. The secondary efficacy outcomes are (1) stroke, (2) ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, (3) hemorrhagic stroke, and (4) all-cause mortality. The primary safety outcome is major bleeding. Discussion: This study will help stroke physicians determine the appropriate duration of dual therapy with clopidogrel-aspirin for patients with the LAA stroke subtype. Trial registration: URL: https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris. CRIS Registration Number: KCT0004407.
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| 3. |
- Fenstermacher, M.E., et al.
(author)
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DIII-D research advancing the physics basis for optimizing the tokamak approach to fusion energy
- 2022
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In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 62:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- DIII-D physics research addresses critical challenges for the operation of ITER and the next generation of fusion energy devices. This is done through a focus on innovations to provide solutions for high performance long pulse operation, coupled with fundamental plasma physics understanding and model validation, to drive scenario development by integrating high performance core and boundary plasmas. Substantial increases in off-axis current drive efficiency from an innovative top launch system for EC power, and in pressure broadening for Alfven eigenmode control from a co-/counter-I p steerable off-axis neutral beam, all improve the prospects for optimization of future long pulse/steady state high performance tokamak operation. Fundamental studies into the modes that drive the evolution of the pedestal pressure profile and electron vs ion heat flux validate predictive models of pedestal recovery after ELMs. Understanding the physics mechanisms of ELM control and density pumpout by 3D magnetic perturbation fields leads to confident predictions for ITER and future devices. Validated modeling of high-Z shattered pellet injection for disruption mitigation, runaway electron dissipation, and techniques for disruption prediction and avoidance including machine learning, give confidence in handling disruptivity for future devices. For the non-nuclear phase of ITER, two actuators are identified to lower the L-H threshold power in hydrogen plasmas. With this physics understanding and suite of capabilities, a high poloidal beta optimized-core scenario with an internal transport barrier that projects nearly to Q = 10 in ITER at ∼8 MA was coupled to a detached divertor, and a near super H-mode optimized-pedestal scenario with co-I p beam injection was coupled to a radiative divertor. The hybrid core scenario was achieved directly, without the need for anomalous current diffusion, using off-axis current drive actuators. Also, a controller to assess proximity to stability limits and regulate β N in the ITER baseline scenario, based on plasma response to probing 3D fields, was demonstrated. Finally, innovative tokamak operation using a negative triangularity shape showed many attractive features for future pilot plant operation.
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| 4. |
- Koo, Jun Mo, et al.
(author)
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Biobased thermoplastic elastomer with seamless 3D-Printability and superior mechanical properties empowered by in-situ polymerization in the presence of nanocellulose
- 2020
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In: Composites Science And Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-3538 .- 1879-1050. ; 185
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A biobased and biocompatible thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) with superior 3D printability was demonstrated with great potential for customized manufacturing technologies and fabrication of biointegrated devices. The inherent structural and stereochemical disadvantages of biobased monomers, such as 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, in comparison with today used petroleum based monomers like terephthalic acid generally lead to lower mechanical performance for the biobased replacement polymers. This is additionally enhanced by poor interfacial adhesion and fusion commonly encountered during customized manufacturing technologies like 3D printing. Herein, we demonstrate that in-situ polymerization in the presence of trace amounts of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) can homogeneously distribute the nanofiller leading to dramatically strengthened thermally 3D-printable bio-furan-based TPE. This TPE exhibited a tensile strength of 67 MPa which is 1.5-7-fold higher than the values reported for silicone and thermoplastic urethane, which are widely used in biomedical applications. In addition, the TPE had an impressive extensibility of 860% and negligible in vivo cytotoxicity; such properties have not been reported to date for bio-based or petrochemical TPEs. While a petrochemical 3D printed TPE counterpart retained only half of the tensile strength compared to the hot-pressed analogue, the 3D-printed biobased TPE insitu modified with nanocellulose maintained 70-80% of its strength under the same experimental conditions. This is explained by inter-diffusion between interfaces facilitated by the nanocellulose and the furan rings. Using the ergonomic shape of a wrist as a 3D-printable design, we successfully manufactured a wearable thermal therapeutic device from the nanocellulose modified biobased TPE, giving promise for wide variety of future applications.
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| 5. |
- Thielmann, Isabel, et al.
(author)
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The HEXACO-100 Across 16 Languages : A Large-Scale Test of Measurement Invariance
- 2020
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In: Journal of Personality Assessment. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-3891 .- 1532-7752. ; 102:5, s. 714-726
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised (HEXACO-PI-R) has become one of the most heavily applied measurement tools for the assessment of basic personality traits. Correspondingly, the inventory has been translated to many languages for use in cross-cultural research. However, formal tests examining whether the different language versions of the HEXACO-PI-R provide equivalent measures of the 6 personality dimensions are missing. We provide a large-scale test of measurement invariance of the 100-item version of the HEXACO-PI-R across 16 languages spoken in European and Asian countries (N = 30,484). Multigroup exploratory structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analyses revealed consistent support for configural and metric invariance, thus implying that the factor structure of the HEXACO dimensions as well as the meaning of the latent HEXACO factors is comparable across languages. However, analyses did not show overall support for scalar invariance; that is, equivalence of facet intercepts. A complementary alignment analysis supported this pattern, but also revealed substantial heterogeneity in the level of (non)invariance across facets and factors. Overall, results imply that the HEXACO-PI-R provides largely comparable measurement of the HEXACO dimensions, although the lack of scalar invariance highlights the necessity for future research clarifying the interpretation of mean-level trait differences across countries.
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