| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Borgmästars, Emmy, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Skimmed Milk and Lanthanum Flocculation for Concentration of Pathogenic Viruses in Water
- 2021
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Ingår i: Food and Environmnetal Virology. - : Springer. - 1867-0334 .- 1867-0342. ; 13:3, s. 380-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concentration of viruses in water is necessary for detection and quantification of the viruses present, in order to evaluate microbiological barriers in water treatment plants and detect pathogenic viruses during waterborne outbreaks, but there is currently no standardised procedure. In this study, we implemented a previously described fast and simple lanthanum-based protocol for concentration of norovirus genogroup I (GI), genogroup II (GII) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) in drinking and surface water. We compared the results with those of a widely used skimmed milk flocculation method, followed by nucleic acid extraction and RT-qPCR detection. Three seeding levels, with intended concentrations 5 × 103, 5 × 104 and 5 × 105 genome copies/10 L, were added to drinking water or surface water. All seed levels were detected with both flocculation methods. Samples extracted with skimmed milk flocculation had on average 1.82, 1.86 and 1.38 times higher measured concentration of norovirus GI, GII and HAV, respectively, than those extracted with lanthanum flocculation, across all seeding levels and water types tested. Mengovirus was used as a positive process control. Mengovirus recovery was higher for skimmed milk (40.7% in drinking water, 26.0% in surface water) than for lanthanum flocculation (24.4% in drinking water, 9.7% in surface water). Together, this indicates that skimmed milk flocculation provides higher viral recovery than lanthanum flocculation. However, lanthanum-based flocculation can be performed much faster than skimmed milk flocculation (1.5 h versus 16 h flocculation time) and thus could be a good alternative for rapid monitoring of viruses in water.
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| 3. |
- Cekaite, Asta, et al.
(författare)
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Guided Play Supporting Immigrant Childrens Participation and Bilingual Development in Preschools
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Early Childhood. - : SPRINGER. - 0020-7187 .- 1878-4658. ; 55, s. 403-420
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent decades, refugee immigration has had significant impact on educational contexts in Sweden, with preschools the primary arenas for young childrens language learning experiences. The present study examines second language and literacy training practices for immigrant children (aged 1-5) in preschools in Sweden. The empirical data consist of video recordings of teacher-guided play activities. These were designed to create rich linguistic and cultural environments facilitating active and democratic participation by the children. Guided play activities were developed in close collaboration between teachers and researchers during action-based interventions that were aimed at constructing child-oriented participatory language learning practices in ethnically and linguistically diverse ECEC settings. The childrens first languages were Tigrinya, Arabic dialects, Somalian, Kurdish dialects, Russian, Spanish and Swedish. The participatory learning potential of guided play was collaboratively analyzed and assessed, and new and revised activities were implemented, based on the goals of inclusivity and childrens active engagement in play and language learning. The analysis shows that teachers use of multimodal semiotic means, such as questions, texts and cultural artifacts (stories, material story-related objects, play spaces) were important strategies for the preparation of appealing play environments and activities that contributed to childrens curiosity and participation. These resources served as affordances for guided play, allowing the simultaneous scaffolding of childrens play competencies and their language learning. Au cours des dernieres decennies, limmigration de refugies a eu un impact significatif dans le domaine de leducation en Suede, en commencant par les ecoles maternelles qui sont les premiers lieux dapprentissage de la langue pour les jeunes enfants. Cette etude examine les pratiques dalphabetisation et dapprentissage du suedois deuxieme langue, qui sont utilisees dans les ecoles maternelles en Suede pour les enfants immigrants ages de 1 a 5 ans. Les donnees empiriques rassemblees consistent en des enregistrements video dactivites ludiques guidees par un enseignant. Ces activites ont ete concues pour creer des environnements linguistiques et culturels riches facilitant la participation active et democratique des enfants. Elles ont ete developpees dans le cadre dune etroite collaboration entre enseignants et chercheurs au cours dinterventions concretes visant a elaborer des pratiques participatives dapprentissage de la langue prenant en compte la perspective de lenfant dans le contexte dune petite enfance ethniquement et linguistiquement diversifiee. Les langues maternelles des enfants etaient le tigrinya, differents dialectes arabes, le somali, differents dialectes kurdes, le russe, lespagnol et le suedois. Le potentiel dapprentissage participatif de chaque jeu guide a ete analyse et evalue collectivement et de nouvelles activites revisees ont ete mises en place, sur la base des objectifs dinclusivite et dengagement actif des enfants dans le jeu et dans lapprentissage de la langue. Lanalyse montre que lutilisation par les enseignants de moyens semiotiques multimodaux, tels que des questions, des textes et des artefacts culturels (histoires, objets concrets lies a lhistoire, espaces de jeu) constituaient des strategies importantes pour preparer un environnement de jeu et des activites susceptibles dattirer les enfants et de stimuler leur participation et leur curiosite. Ces ressources ont servi daffordances a la realisation de jeux guides, permettant aux enfants de combiner competences ludiques et apprentissage de la langue. En las ultimas decadas, la inmigracion de refugiados ha tenido un impacto significativo en los contextos educativos de Suecia, y los centros de ensenanza preescolar han sido los principales escenarios para las experiencias de aprendizaje de idiomas de los ninos de corta edad. El presente estudio investiga las practicas de aprendizaje de una segunda lengua y de alfabetizacion en ninos inmigrantes (de 1 a 5 anos) en centros de ensenanza preescolar de Suecia. Los datos empiricos consisten en grabaciones de video de actividades ludicas guiadas por el maestro. Estas se disenaron para crear entornos linguisticos y culturales ricos que facilitaran la participacion activa y democratica de los ninos. Las actividades ludicas guiadas se elaboraron en estrecha colaboracion entre maestros e investigadores durante intervenciones basadas en la accion que tenian como objetivo construir practicas participativas de aprendizaje de idiomas orientadas a los ninos en entornos de educacion infantil etnica y linguisticamente diversos. Las lenguas maternas de los ninos eran el tigrina, dialectos arabes, el somali, dialectos kurdos, el ruso, el espanol y el sueco. El potencial de aprendizaje participativo del juego guiado se analizo y evaluo de manera colaborativa, y se llevaron a cabo actividades nuevas y revisadas, basadas en los objetivos de inclusividad y participacion activa de los ninos en el juego y el aprendizaje de idiomas. El analisis muestra que el uso por parte de los maestros de medios semioticos multimodales, tales como preguntas, textos y artefactos culturales (historias, objetos materiales relacionados con las historias, espacios ludicos) fueron estrategias importantes para la preparacion de entornos ludicos atractivos y actividades que contribuyeron a la curiosidad y la participacion de los ninos. Estos recursos sirvieron como formas de abordaje o << affordances >> (nota del traductor: << affordance >> es un neologismo utilizado para definir la << capacidad de un objeto de sugerir su propia utilizacion >>) para el juego guiado, lo que permite el andamiaje simultaneo de las competencias ludicas de los ninos y su aprendizaje del lenguaje.
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| 4. |
- Honk, Ludwig, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal associations between psychedelic use and psychotic symptoms in the United States and the United Kingdom
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 351, s. 194-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has long been speculated that psychedelic use could provoke the onset of psychosis, but there is little evidence to support this conjecture. Using a longitudinal research design with samples representative of the US and UK adult populations with regard to sex, age, and ethnicity (n = 9732), we investigated associations between psychedelic use and change in the number of psychotic symptoms during the two-month study period. In covariate-adjusted regression models, psychedelic use during the study period was not associated with a change in the number of psychotic symptoms unless it interacted with a personal or family history of bipolar disorder, in which case the number of symptoms increased, or with a personal (but not family) history of psychotic disorders, in which case the number of symptoms decreased. Taken together, these findings indicate that psychedelic use may affect psychotic symptoms in individuals with a personal or family history of certain disorders characterized by psychotic symptomatology.
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| 5. |
- Jansson, Magnus, 1962-
(författare)
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Vardagliga teknikaktiviteter i fritidshem : organisation, didaktik och görande
- 2023
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det övergripande syftet med denna licentiatstudie är att undersöka hur teknik som undervisningsområde kommer till uttryck inom fritidsverksamheter. Syftet inrymmer ett fokus på vad fritidslärarna gör för att organisera undervisning. Studien utgår ifrån följande frågeställningar: hur ser fritidslärarna på undervisning i teknik i fritidshem; och hur organiseras teknik som en del av undervisnings-praktiken i fritidshem? Studien är kvalitativ samt inspirerad av etnografi och Grounded theory. Studiens teoretiska perspektiv är symbolisk interaktionism, samt Mitchams modell för manifestation av teknik från 1994. Studien är en fält-studie på tre olika fritidshem. I studiens bakgrundsbeskrivning påvisas att fritidshem har haft en historia där hantverk och olika estetiska aktiviteter varit vanligt förekommande aktiviteter. Fritidshemmen har också, i och med en tydligare styrning kring lärandet, fått del i läroplanen Lgr11 (reviderad 2016), där tekniken är en framskriven del av undervisningen. Studien handlar därför om hur fritidshemspersonalen reflekterar och förhandlar och definierar för att göra olika teknikaktiviteter. Fritidshemspersonalen gör, enligt studien, här en nyorientering för att tolka innehållet i den egna läroplansdelen. I denna nyorientering använder fritidshemspersonalen sig av tre olika strategier för att hantera detta med teknik som undervisning, detta i ett gränsland mellan tidigare idétraditioner och en utökad styrning.
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| 6. |
- Lindström, Cecilia, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Professionell högläsning i förskolan: förskollärares resonemang om en samtida didaktisering.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nordisk Barnehageforskning. - Oslo : Oslo Metropolitan University - Storbyuniversitetet. - 1890-9167. ; 21:3, s. 143-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- I den svenska läroplanen för förskolan (Skolverket, 2018) har krav på ett språkutvecklande arbete genom högläsning specificerats samtidigt som förskolans undervisningsuppdrag har förtydligats. Utifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv utgår denna artikel från en teoretisk premiss att förskolans professionskunskap befinner sig i en remedieringsprocess, där högläsning som professionellt yrkesutövande omförhandlas i ljuset av ett delvis nytt uppdrag. Syftet är att bidra med kunskap om hur denna remediering går till och vad den resulterar i för förståelse för högläsning i samtida förskola. Det empiriska materialet utgörs av fyra fokusgruppssamtal. Resultatet visar hur förskollärare remedierar professionell högläsning genom att kontrastera och omförhandla innebörden av, villkoren för och deltagandet i förskolans högläsning. I sina resonemang ger förskollärarna uttryck för en vidgad repertoar vad gäller högläsning där traditionella praktiker lever kvar samtidigt som nya praktiker har tillkommit och andra aspekter har blivit till figur för det professionella arbetet. Implikationerna av dessa resultat diskuteras i relation till vad som förväntas av den läsande förskolläraren och det läsande/lyssnande barnet i dessa remedierade högläsningspraktiker.
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| 7. |
- Nyman, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanisms of a sustained anti-inflammatory drug response in alveolar macrophages unraveled with mathematical modeling
- 2020
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Ingår i: CPT. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2163-8306. ; 9:12, s. 707-717
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both initiation and suppression of inflammation are hallmarks of the immune response. If not balanced, the inflammation may cause extensive tissue damage, which is associated with common diseases, e.g. asthma and atherosclerosis. Anti-inflammatory drugs come with side-effects which may be aggravated by high and fluctuating drug concentrations. To remedy this, an anti-inflammatory drug should have an appropriate pharmacokinetic half-life or better still: a sustained anti-inflammatory drug response. However, we still lack a quantitative mechanistic understanding of such sustained effects. Here, we study the anti-inflammatory response to a common glucocorticoid drug, Dexamethasone. We find a sustained response 22 hours after drug removal. With hypothesis testing using mathematical modeling, we unravel the underlying mechanism - a slow release of Dexamethasone from the receptor-drug complex. The developed model is in agreement with time-resolved training and testing data, and is used to simulate hypothetical treatment schemes. This work opens up for a more knowledge-driven drug development, to find sustained anti-inflammatory responses and fewer side effects.
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| 8. |
- Pramling, Niklas, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Professional read-aloud in preschool: Preschool teachers’ reasoning about a contemporary didactisation
- 2023
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Ingår i: 31st EECERA ANNUAL CONFERENCE Children’s Curiosity. ; , s. 260-260
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose is to contribute with new knowledge on how preschool teachers remediate professional read-alouds in preschool. In the curriculum for the Swedish preschool, working for promoting language development for children through reading aloud has been specified and the teaching task of preschool has been clarified (Skolverket, 2018). Previous studies (Damber, 2015; Simonsson, 2004) show that reading aloud rarely has a didactic function in preschools. The study is theoretically based upon the sociocultural perspective (Vygotsky, 1978). From the theoretical premise that teachers’ professional knowing are in a process of remediation, in this study we therefore analyze how they remediate this practice. The empirical data in this qualitative study consist of four focusgroup conversations with preschool teachers. A consent form and information sheet was provided to all participants, who were given the opportunity to withdraw from the study at any time. The ethical approval was granted by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority. The results show how the preschool teachers remediate professional reading aloud through contrasting and renegotiating the meanings of, the conditions for, and participation in this practice. The preschool teachers’ reasoning implies their collective development of a wider repertoire where older practices co-exist with new ones, and with some shifting in terms of figure and background. The implications of the findings are discussed along with a theoretical reflection on how remediation, as still rare in research, offers a conceptual tool for analyzing practices in-the-making, i.e. processes of change as they take place through dynamic negotiation, not yet established as tradition.
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| 9. |
- Simonsson, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Change communication : Developing the perspective of sensemaking and the perspective of coworkers
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Handbook of Public Sector Communication. - : Wiley. - 9781119263203 - 9781119263142 ; , s. 153-166
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter focuses on communication-centered change research and its implications for public sector organizations. It focuses on the organizational level and the communication processes through which changes are enacted. Special attention is given to coworkers and how they make sense in times of changes. Sensemaking processes play a crucial role in organizational changes; if managers and employees find it difficult to make sense of a current change, there will, to put it in simple terms, be no change. In effect, changes tend to trigger a process of active sensemaking among organization members. Changes are events that involve a disruption within the organization’s ongoing activities and its well-known patterns of action, which means that people actively search for meaning in change situations. The chapter highlights the complexity of changes and discusses specific prerequisites for changes in public sector organizations. Then, it discusses the vital role of sensemaking from a coworker-oriented perspective.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Simonsson, Maria, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Bilder i förskolans undervisningspraktiker
- 2023
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Ingår i: Bilder för barn och bilder av barn. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144154435 ; , s. 67-82
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 12. |
- Simonsson, Maria, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Den guidade leken som resurs
- 2024. - 1
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Ingår i: Svenska som andraspråk i praktiken. - Stockhom : Natur och kultur. - 9789127465565 ; , s. 113-134
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Van Wijk, Rob C, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Implementing best practices on data generation and reporting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro assays within the ERA4TB consortium
- 2023
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Ingår i: iScience. - : Cell Press. - 2589-0042. ; 26:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tuberculosis (TB) is the historical leading cause of death by a single infectious agent. The European Regimen Accelerator for Tuberculosis (ERA4TB) is a public-private partnership of 30+ institutions with the objective to progress new anti-TB regimens into the clinic. Thus, robust and replicable results across independent laboratories are essential for reliable interpretation of treatment efficacy. A standardization workgroup unified in vitro protocols and data reporting templates. Time-kill assays provide essential input data for pharmacometric model-informed translation of single agents and regimens activity from in vitro to in vivo and the clinic. Five conditions were assessed by time-kill assays in six independent laboratories using four bacterial plating methods. Baseline bacterial burden varied between laboratories but variability was limited in net drug effect, confirming 2.5 mu L equally robust as 100 mu L plating. This exercise establishes the foundations of collaborative data generation, reporting, and integration within the overarching Antimicrobial Resistance Accelerator program.
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