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- Ekesbo, Rickard, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection in a population in southern Sweden analysed by histopathology, immunoblot and ELISA serology.
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepathology. - 1473-5687. ; 18:6, s. 589-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Many individuals are infected with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. Some develop ulcers or mucosal atrophy. Aims. To correlate the histological characteristics of the H. pylori-induced gastritis to the immunoblot pattern of the H. pylori infection and to compare the presence of H. pylori bacteria in tissue specimens with ELISA serology and immunoblot analysis. Methods. One hundred and sixty-six consecutive patients were referred to gastroscopy. Forty patients were excluded for various reasons and 126 were included in the study. Results. Twenty-three patients had ulcerations and 25 erosions. Ninety-two (73%) had a chronic gastritis and in 90 (71%) it involved both the antrum and corpus. Ninety-one (72%), of whom 96% had a chronic gastritis, had visible bacteria in the tissue specimens, used as the 'gold standard' for the detection of infection. In patients with chronic gastritis 65 (70%) had positive H. pylori ELISA serology, 27 (30%) had negative H. pylori ELISA, while 76 (83%) had a positive immunoblot pattern. The ELISA positive patients had more advanced chronic gastritis but a lower frequency of metaplasia and atrophy. Acute inflammatory activity in the chronic gastritis had a high immunoreactivity to 120 kDa (CagA) protein and was significantly correlated to antibody reactivity to proteins in the 53-65 kDa range (heat shock proteins) and to a 43 kDa subunit. Metaplasia and atrophy in antrum was associated with a 62 kDa protein band. Conclusion. Almost all H. pylori-infected patients had a pangastritis, visible in both antrum and corpus. Acute inflammatory activity in the chronic gastritis and the presence of metaplasia and atrophy in antrum were associated with a specific immunoblot pattern, indicating infection with more virulent strains. Immunoblot analysis had a better sensitivity than ELISA H. pylori serology.
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| 2. |
- Ekesbo, Rickard, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of anti-secretory factor (ASF) on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 26:2, s. 106-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To evaluate the role of the endogenous protein anti-secretory factor (ASF) on the symptoms, especially loose stools, in irritable bowel ayndrome (IBS). Design. A diet with specially processed cereals (SPC) known to induce ASF production was used in patients with IBS, in an eight-week randomized, placebo-controlled study. Subjects. Eighty-two patients with IBS were randomized to a diet with either SPC or placebo. Main outcome measures. The overall clinical condition and the quality of life were measured by VAS and SF-36 questionnaire, respectively. The plasma levels of ASF were determined in 14 patients with dominating loose stools before and after diet. Results. All patients significantly (p < 0.001) improved in IBS-related symptoms irrespective of active or placebo diet. In an active-diet sub-group with diarrhoea (n = 11) there was a significant (p < 0.05) correlation between the increase of plasma ASF level and the improvement on the VAS. Conclusion. Both study groups improved significantly on the VAS but no additive effect was seen for the active treatment. In the sub-group with loose stools, the SPC diet induced ASF plasma levels in IBS patients and was correlated to significant symptom improvement in the individual patient.
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| 3. |
- Karling, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Function and dysfunction of the colon and anorectum in adults: working team report of the Swedish Motility Group (SMoG).
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 44:6, s. 646-60
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Symptoms of fecal incontinence and constipation are common in the general population. These can, however, be unreliably reported and are poorly discriminatory for underlying pathophysiology. Furthermore, both symptoms may coexist. In the elderly, fecal impaction always must be excluded. For patients with constipation, colon transit studies, anorectal manometry and defecography may help to identify patients with slow-transit constipation and/or pelvic floor dysfunction. The best documented medical treatments for constipation are the macrogols, lactulose and isphagula. Evolving drugs include lubiprostone, which enhances colonic secretion by activating chloride channels. Surgery is restricted for a highly selected group of patients with severe slow-transit constipation and for those with large rectoceles that demonstrably cause rectal evacuatory impairment. For patients with fecal incontinence that does not resolve on antidiarrheal treatment, functional and structural evaluation with anorectal manometry and endoanal ultrasound or magnetic resonance (MR) of the anal canal may help to guide management. Sacral nerve stimulation is a rapidly evolving alternative when other treatments such as biofeedback and direct sphincter repair have failed. Advances in understanding the pathophysiology as a guide to treatment of patients with constipation and fecal incontinence is a continuing important goal for translational research. The content of this article is a summary of presentations given by the authors at the Fourth Meeting of the Swedish Motility Group, held in Gothenburg in April 2007.
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| 4. |
- Nyström, Jenny, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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CRIM1 is localized to the podocyte filtration slit diaphragm of the adult human kidney
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nephrol Dial Transplant. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2385 .- 1460-2385 .- 0931-0509. ; 24:7, s. 2038-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: CRIM1 is a plasma membrane bound protein containing six cysteine-rich repeats (CRR). Through these, CRIM1 has been shown to interact with a subgroup of the TGF-beta superfamily, the bone morphogenic proteins (BMP) isoforms 2, 4 and 7. The probable action is to modulate the signalling properties of these factors. CRIM1 has also been shown to regulate the release of VEGFA by podocytes during renal organogenesis. Knock-out studies in mice have shown that CRIM1 is critically involved in the development of the central nervous system, eye and kidney. Replacement of CRIM1 with a defective version leads to renal dysgenesis and perinatal death. We have analysed the distribution of CRIM1 in adult human renal tissue. METHODS: To this end, we have used immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy. We performed western blotting for the CRIM1 protein, using lysates from isolated glomerular podocytes and human renal tissue homogenate. By using quantitative PCR, we compared the CRIM1 mRNA levels in podocytes, human renal tissue homogenate, primary human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells and primary human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. RESULTS: The results show that in the human adult kidney, CRIM1 is mainly expressed in the glomerular podocytes and is associated with the insertional region of the filtration slit diaphragm (SD) of the podocyte pedicles. CONCLUSIONS: CRIM1 is a protein that should be added to the list of proteins associated with the podocyte filtration SD and with the probable action of modulating BMP and VEGFA signalling.
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| 5. |
- Ohlsson, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of long-term treatment with oxytocin in chronic constipation; a double blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society. - : Wiley. - 1350-1925 .- 1365-2982. ; 17:5, s. 697-704
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Oxytocin and its receptor have been found throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, where it affects gut function. Clinically, we have noticed an improvement of bowel habits during lactation in constipated women. The aim of this study was to examine whether oxytocin has an effect on bowel symptoms and psychological well being in women with refractory constipation. METHODS: Fifty-nine women with refractory constipation were included in a double blind, multicentre study. After a 2-week run-in period, they were randomly allocated to nasal inhalation of either placebo or oxytocin treatment twice daily for 13 weeks, followed by a 2 weeks, posttreatment period. The patients completed a questionnaire every day concerning bowel habits, abdominal pain and discomfort, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (GSRS) and Psychological General Well-being (PGWB) twice during the study; namely, during the baseline period and at the end of the treatment period. RESULTS: Both oxytocin and placebo led to improvement of the constipation according to the GSRS and led to improvement in the sensation of incomplete evacuation and anorectal obstruction, without significant differences between the groups. Abdominal pain and discomfort responded weakly to oxytocin, with no effect of the placebo. In a subgroup of patients with IBS and concomitant depression, a weak improvement in depressed mood was observed after oxytocin administartion. CONCLUSION: Nasal administration of oxytocin had no significant advantage over placebo concerning an effect on constipation. However, it seems to have a positive effect on abdominal pain and discomfort and depressed mood. These findings should be further explored.
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| 6. |
- Schmidt, Peter Thelin, et al.
(författare)
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Methods to assess gastric motility and sensation
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - London : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 43:11, s. 1285-1295
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Wierup, Nils, et al.
(författare)
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Ghrelin and motilin are cosecreted from a prominent endocrine cell population in the small intestine
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 92:9, s. 3573-3581
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Ghrelin is a novel hormone produced mainly in the gastric body. Hitherto, mapping studies of ghrelin cells covering the entire gastrointestinal (GI) tract in humans have been lacking. Furthermore, the phenotype of extragastric ghrelin cells is not known. Objective: The objective of the study was to perform a detailed mapping with specimens from all parts of the GI tract, and colocalization studies to phenotype ghrelin cells along the tract. In addition, mapping of ghrelin cells was performed in porcine GI tract, and the plasma profiles of ghrelin and motilin in blood from the porcine intestine were measured. Design: Biopsies from patients were obtained during gastroscopy or surgery. Ghrelin cell density and phenotyping was assessed with immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization, and immunogold electron microscopy. Plasma ghrelin and motilin levels were measured in pigs, fitted with cannulas in the mesenteric vein. Results: The upper small intestine is unexpectedly rich in ghrelin cells, and these cells contribute to circulating ghrelin. Ghrelin and motilin are coproduced in the same cells in the duodenum and jejunum of both species, and ghrelin and motilin are stored in all secretory granules of such cells in humans, indicating cosecretion. The plasma profiles of ghrelin and motilin in pig were parallel, and a correlation between ghrelin and motilin ( r(2) = 0.22; P < 0.001) was evident in intestinal blood. Conclusions: The upper small intestine is an important source of ghrelin. The likely cosecretion of intestinal ghrelin and motilin suggests concerted actions of the two hormones. These data may have implications for understanding gut motility and clinical implications for dysmotility and bariatric surgery.
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