| 1. |
- Bergqvist Rydén, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2020
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Ingår i: Interdisciplinary pedagogy in higher education : Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019 - Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019. - 9789189213401 ; , s. 5-12
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Gerhardt, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Nog nu, politiker – ta klimatkrisen på allvar
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet Debatt. - 1103-9000. ; -:-
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1944 svenska forskare och anställda i forskarvärlden: Vad är det ni inte förstår?
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| 3. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Aslan, Devrim Umut, et al.
(författare)
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Communities of Learning in Times of Student Solitude
- 2020
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Ingår i: Interdisciplinary pedagogy in higher education : Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019 - Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019. - 9789189213401 ; , s. 105-117
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Bergholt, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Maternal age and risk of cesarean section in women with induced labor at term—A Nordic register-based study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 99:2, s. 283-289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Over the last decades, induction of labor has increased in many countries along with increasing maternal age. We assessed the effects of maternal age and labor induction on cesarean section at term among nulliparous and multiparous women without previous cesarean section. Material and methods: We performed a retrospective national registry-based study from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden including 3 398 586 deliveries between 2000 and 2011. We investigated the impact of age on cesarean section among 196 220 nulliparous and 188 158 multiparous women whose labor was induced, had single cephalic presentation at term, and no previous cesarean section. Confounders comprised country, time-period, and gestational age. Results: In nulliparous women with induced labor the rate of cesarean section increased from 14.0% in women less than 20 years of age to 39.9% in women 40 years and older. Compared with women aged 25-29 years, the corresponding relative risks were 0.60 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.57 to 0.64) and 1.72 (95% CI 1.66 to 1.79). In multiparous induced women the risk of cesarean section was 3.9% in women less than 20 years rising to 9.1% in women 40 years and older. Compared with women aged 25-29 years, the relative risks were 0.86 (95% CI 0.54 to 1.37) and 1.98 (95% CI 1.84 to 2.12), respectively. There were minimal confounding effects of country, time-period, and gestational age on risk for cesarean section. Conclusions: Advanced maternal age is associated with increased risk of cesarean section in women undergoing labor induction with a single cephalic presentation at term without a previous cesarean section. The absolute risk of cesarean section is 3-5 times higher across 5-year age groups in nulliparous relative to multiparous women having induced labor.
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| 7. |
- Björklund, Verna, et al.
(författare)
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Early-onset group B streptococcal infections in five Nordic countries with different prevention policies, 1995 to 2019
- 2024
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Ingår i: Eurosurveillance. - : European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC). - 1025-496X .- 1560-7917. ; 29:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Neonatal early-onset disease caused by group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of infant morbidity. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is effective in preventing early-onset GBS disease, but there is no agreement on the optimal strategy for identifying the pregnant women requiring this treatment, and both risk-based prophylaxis (RBP) and GBS screening-based prophylaxis (SBP) are used.Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of SBP as a public health intervention on the epidemiology of early-onset GBS infections.Methods: In 2012, Finland started the universal SBP, while Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden continued with RBP. We conducted an interrupted time series analysis taking 2012 as the intervention point to evaluate the impact of this intervention. The incidences of early- and late-onset GBS infections during Period I (1995-2011) and Period II (2012-2019) were collected from each national register, covering 6,605,564 live births.Results: In Finland, a reduction of 58% in the incidence of early-onset GBS disease, corresponding to an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.42 (95% CI: 0.34-0.52), was observed after 2012. At the same time, the pooled IRR of other Nordic countries was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80-1.0), specifically 0.89 (95% CI: 0.70-1.5) in Denmark, 0.34 (95% CI: 0.15-0.81) in Iceland, 0.72 (95% CI: 0.59-0.88) in Norway and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.85-1.1) in Sweden.Conclusions: In this ecological study of five Nordic countries, early-onset GBS infections were approximately halved following introduction of the SBP approach as compared with RBP.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Eldh, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Tactical avoidance of statistics? – How students choose methods in writing theses in interdisciplinary higher education programmes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Interdisciplinary pedagogy in higher education : Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019 - Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019. - 9789189213401 ; , s. 21-31
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eldh discusses the challenges in teaching quantitative methods, in this case statistics, in interdisciplinary courses with mixed methods where both qualitative and quantitative methods are taught. Despite this, most students tend to choose to use qualitative methods in their thesis research and the author researches why this is the case. Literature suggests that students often find statistics courses to be daunting and that students may lack motivation. However, the author finds that in this case the challenges have more to do with the framing of the course in the programme, the instructions from supervisors to their students and the competency of teaching staff when it comes to methods other than the ones they themselves promote. The findings and discussion highlight the importance of collegial communication and mutual understanding.
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| 11. |
- Garduño, Arlette, et al.
(författare)
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The workshop “Classroom as a contested space”
- 2020
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Ingår i: Interdisciplinary pedagogy in higher education : Proceedings from Lund University’s Teaching and Learning Conference 2019 - Proceedings from Lund University’s Teaching and Learning Conference 2019. - 9789189213401 ; , s. 118-126
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 12. |
- Gløersen, Marthe, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of pain sensitisation with tender and painful joint counts in people with hand osteoarthritis : Results from the Nor-Hand study
- 2022
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Ingår i: RMD Open. - : BMJ. - 2056-5933. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To examine associations of pain sensitisation with tender and painful joint counts and presence of widespread pain in people with hand osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) at a painful finger joint and the tibialis anterior muscle, and temporal summation (TS) were measured in 291 persons with hand OA. We examined whether sex-standardised PPT and TS values were associated with assessor-reported tender hand joint count, self-reported painful hand and total body joint counts and presence of widespread pain using linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, education and OA severity. Results People with lower PPTs at the painful finger joint (measure of peripheral and/or central sensitisation) had more tender and painful hand joints than people with higher PPTs. PPT at tibialis anterior (measure of central sensitisation) was associated with painful total body joint count (beta=-0.82, 95% CI -1.28 to -0.35) and presence of widespread pain (OR=0.57, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.77). The associations between TS (measure of central sensitisation) and joint counts in the hands and the total body were statistically non-significant. Conclusion This cross-sectional study suggested that pain sensitisation (ie, lower PPTs) was associated with joint counts and widespread pain in hand OA. This knowledge may be used for improved pain phenotyping of people with hand OA, which may contribute to better pain management through more personalised medicine. Further studies are needed to assess whether a reduction of pain sensitisation leads to a decrease in tender and painful joint counts.
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| 13. |
- Grönwall, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Relationship Between Different IgG and IgA Anti-Modified Protein Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-3224. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by the presence of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies (ACPA) with different fine-specificities. Yet, other serum anti-modified protein autoantibodies (AMPA), e.g. anti-carbamylated (Carb), -acetylated (KAc), and malondialdehyde acetaldehyde (MAA) modified protein antibodies, have been described. In this comprehensive study, we analyze 30 different IgG and IgA AMPA reactivities to Cit, Carb, KAc, and MAA antigens detected by ELISA and autoantigen arrays in N=1985 newly diagnosed RA patients. Association with patient characteristics such as smoking and disease activity were explored. Carb and KAc reactivities by different assays were primarily seen in patients also positive for anti-citrulline reactivity. Modified vimentin (mod-Vim) peptides were used for direct comparison of different AMPA reactivities, revealing that IgA AMPA recognizing mod-Vim was mainly detected in subsets of patients with high IgG anti-Cit-Vim levels and a history of smoking. IgG reactivity to acetylation was mainly detected in a subset of patients with Cit and Carb reactivity. Anti-acetylated histone reactivity was RA-specific and associated with high anti-CCP2 IgG levels, multiple ACPA fine-specificities, and smoking status. This reactivity was also found to be present in CCP2+ RA-risk individuals without arthritis. Our data further demonstrate that IgG autoreactivity to MAA was increased in RA compared to controls with highest levels in CCP2+ RA, but was not RA-specific, and showed low correlation with other AMPA. Anti-MAA was instead associated with disease activity and was not significantly increased in CCP2+ individuals at risk of RA. Notably, RA patients could be subdivided into four different subsets based on their AMPA IgG and IgA reactivity profiles. Our serology results were complemented by screening of monoclonal antibodies derived from single B cells from RA patients for the same antigens as the RA cohort. Certain CCP2+ clones had Carb or Carb+KAc+ multireactivity, while such reactivities were not found in CCP2- clones. We conclude that autoantibodies exhibiting different patterns of ACPA fine-specificities as well as Carb and KAc reactivity are present in RA and may be derived from multireactive B-cell clones. Carb and KAc could be considered reactivities within the "Cit-umbrella" similar to ACPA fine-specificities, while MAA reactivity is distinctly different.
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| 14. |
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Interdisciplinary pedagogy in higher education : Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019
- 2020
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is the proceedings volume from the 7th biannual Teaching and Learning Conference at Lund University. The conference theme, Interdisciplinary pedagogy in higher education, is very timely as we see a steady increase, not only in interdisciplinary research and full teaching programmes, but also in new interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary courses and components in more traditional disciplinary education at Lund University. The conference highlighted some of the many challenges and opportunities of interdisciplinary education where educators meet students with different disciplinary, cultural and geographical profiles. In this volume, the authors share the thoughts, experiences and learning they presented at the conference.
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| 15. |
- Ivarsson, Lovisa, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in testing and incidence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae : the possible impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the three Scandinavian countries
- 2022
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Ingår i: Infectious Diseases. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243. ; 52:9, s. 623-631
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This study aimed to investigate what impact the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated restrictions had on Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in Sweden, Denmark and Norway, countries with very different governmental strategies for handling this pandemic.Methods: Retrospective analysis of data collected via requests to Swedish regions and to health authorities in Denmark and Norway. The data were collected for the years 2018-2020 and the data from Sweden were more detailed.Results: When the pandemic restrictions were installed in 2020, the number of reported chlamydia cases decreased. The decline was most pronounced in Norway 10.8% (2019: n = 28,446; 2020: n = 25,444) while it was only 3.1% in Denmark (2019: n = 35,688; 2020: n = 34,689) and 4.3% in Sweden (2019: n = 34,726; 2020: n = 33,339). Nucleic acid amplifications tests for chlamydia decreased in Sweden (10%) and Norway (18%) in 2020 compared to 2019, while in Denmark a 21% decrease was noted in April 2020 but thereafter increased to a higher level than 2019. The number of reported gonorrhoea cases decreased in Sweden (17%) and in Norway (39%) in 2020 compared to 2019, while a 21% increase was noted in Denmark.Conclusions: Pandemic restrictions had an impact on the number of reported chlamydia infections in all three countries, but only temporarily and did not seem to be correlated to the restriction levels. The number of reported gonorrhoea infections in Sweden and Norway significantly decreased but not in Denmark. Pandemic restrictions appear to have had a limited effect on the spread of chlamydia and gonorrhoea.
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| 16. |
- Midlöv, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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PERson-centredness in hypertension management using information technology (PERHIT): a protocol for a randomised controlled trial in primary health care
- 2020
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Ingår i: Blood Pressure. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0803-7051 .- 1651-1999. ; 29:3, s. 149-156
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: For primary health care (PHC), hypertension is the number one diagnosis for planned health care visits. The treatment of high blood pressure (BP) and its consequences constitutes a substantial economic burden. In spite of efficient antihypertensive medications, a low percentage of patients reach a well-controlled BP. The PERson-centredness in Hypertension management using Information Technology (PERHIT) Study is a multicentre randomised controlled trial. PERHIT is designed to evaluate the effect of supporting self-management on systolic blood pressure by the use of information technology in Swedish primary health care. Materials and Methods: After inclusion, 900 patients from 36 PHC centres are randomised to two groups. In the intervention group, patients are provided with a self-management support system including a home-BP monitor and further requested to perform self-reports and measure BP every evening for eight consecutive weeks. In the control group, patients receive treatment as usual. Results: The primary outcome will be the change in systolic blood pressure in patients with hypertension. In addition, person-centredness, daily life activities, awareness of risk and health care costs will also be evaluated. Conclusion: The results of this randomised controlled trial with assessment of blood pressure and same-day self-reports will provide patients a tool to understand the interplay between blood pressure and lifestyle applicable to primary health care. The self-management support system may be of importance for improved adherence to treatment and persistence to treatment recommendations.
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| 17. |
- Mortensen, Camilla Bekker, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term outcomes with haloperidol versus placebo in acutely admitted adult ICU patients with delirium
- 2024
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Ingår i: Intensive Care Medicine. - 0342-4642. ; 50:1, s. 103-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: We assessed long-term outcomes in acutely admitted adult patients with delirium treated in intensive care unit (ICU) with haloperidol versus placebo. Methods: We conducted pre-planned analyses of 1-year outcomes in the Agents Intervening against Delirium in the ICU (AID-ICU) trial, including mortality and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessed by Euroqol (EQ) 5-dimension 5-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) index values and EQ visual analogue scale (EQ VAS) (deceased patients were assigned the numeric value zero). Outcomes were analysed using logistic and linear regressions with bootstrapping and G-computation, all with adjustment for the stratification variables (site and delirium motor subtype) and multiple imputations for missing HRQoL values. Results: At 1-year follow-up, we obtained vital status for 96.2% and HRQoL data for 83.3% of the 1000 randomised patients. One-year mortality was 224/501 (44.7%) in the haloperidol group versus 251/486 (51.6%) in the placebo group, with an adjusted absolute risk difference of − 6.4%-points (95% confidence interval [CI] − 12.8%-points to − 0.2%-points; P = 0.045). These results were largely consistent across the secondary analyses. For HRQoL, the adjusted mean differences were 0.04 (95% CI − 0.03 to 0.11; P = 0.091) for EQ-5D-5L-5L index values, and 3.3 (95% CI − 9.3 to 17.5; P = 0.142) for EQ VAS. Conclusions: In acutely admitted adult ICU patients with delirium, haloperidol treatment reduced mortality at 1-year follow-up, but did not statistically significantly improve HRQoL.
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| 18. |
- Mulrooney, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Comorbidities in people with hand OA and their associations with pain severity and sensitization : Data from the longitudinal Nor-Hand study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Open. - 2665-9131. ; 5:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To determine whether the comorbidity burden and co-existing comorbidities are cross-sectionally and/or longitudinally associated with pain and pain sensitization in a cohort study of people with hand OA. Design: We examined whether comorbidity burden and individual comorbidities based on the self-administered Comorbidity Index (range: 0–42) at baseline were associated with pain outcomes at baseline and 3 years follow-up. Pain outcomes included hand and overall bodily pain (range: 0–10) as well as pressure pain thresholds at the tibialis anterior muscle (kg/cm2) and temporal summation (distal radioulnar joint) as measures of central pain sensitization. We performed linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, physical exercise and education. Results: We included 300 and 196 participants in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, respectively. Using baseline data, the burden of comorbidities was associated with greater pain in hands (beta = 0.61, 95% CI 0.37, 0.85) and overall body (beta = 0.60, 95% CI 0.37, 0.87). Similar strength of associations was found between comorbidity burden (baseline) and follow-up pain. Among the individual comorbidities, back pain and depression were associated with nearly one unit higher pain score in hands and overall body at both baseline and follow-up. Only back pain was related to lower pressure pain thresholds at follow up (beta = −0.24, 95% CI −0.50, −0.001). Conclusion: People with hand OA and greater comorbidity burden, co-existing back pain or depression reported greater pain severity than their counterparts, also 3 years later. These results acknowledge the relevance of accounting for comorbidities in the pain experience in people with hand OA.
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| 19. |
- Mulrooney, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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The associations of psychological symptoms and cognitive patterns with pain and pain sensitization in people with hand osteoarthritis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Open. - : Elsevier BV. - 2665-9131. ; 4:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To examine whether psychological symptoms and cognitive patterns are associated with self-reported pain and pain sensitization in people with hand osteoarthritis (OA). Design: In the Nor-Hand study (n = 300), people with hand OA self-reported psychological symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), cognitive patterns (Pain catastrophizing Scale and Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale) as well as their pain severity in hands, overall pain and multi-joint pain. Central pain sensitization was measured clinically by temporal summation and pressure pain threshold tests. We examined whether psychological symptoms and cognitive patterns were cross-sectionally associated with pain using linear regression. Beta coefficients (β) per one standard deviation of the independent variable were presented. Stratified analyses were performed in cases of significant interactions (p < 0.10). Results: Higher levels of anxiety, depressive symptoms and pain catastrophizing and low levels of self-efficacy were statistically significantly associated with higher levels of hand pain by Numeric Rating Scale (β = 0.43, 0.48 and −0.57, respectively). Similar associations were found for overall pain, but not for measures of central pain sensitization. In stratified analyses, anxiety and depressive symptoms were more strongly related with pain in subgroups with younger age and higher comorbidity burden. Pain catastrophizing was more strongly related with pain in subgroups with younger age, overweight/obesity, higher comorbidity burden and poor sleep. Conclusion: Psychological symptoms and cognitive patterns were associated with self-reported OA pain, especially in people with younger age, overweight/obesity, higher comorbidity burden and poor sleep. No associations were found for psychological symptoms and cognitive patterns with pain sensitization.
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| 20. |
- Olsson, Karl Wilhelm, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes after endovascular aortic intervention in patients with connective tissue disease
- 2023
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Ingår i: JAMA Surgery. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6254 .- 2168-6262. ; 158:8, s. 832-839
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance: Endovascular treatment is not recommended for aortic pathologies in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs) other than in redo operations and as bridging procedures in emergencies. However, recent developments in endovascular technology may challenge this dogma.Objective: To assess the midterm outcomes of endovascular aortic repair in patients with CTD.Design, Setting, and Participants: For this descriptive retrospective study, data on demographics, interventions, and short-term and midterm outcomes were collected from 18 aortic centers in Europe, Asia, North America, and New Zealand. Patients with CTD who had undergone endovascular aortic repair from 2005 to 2020 were included. Data were analyzed from December 2021 to November 2022.Exposure: All principal endovascular aortic repairs, including redo surgery and complex repairs of the aortic arch and visceral aorta.Main Outcomes and Measures: Short-term and midterm survival, rates of secondary procedures, and conversion to open repair.Results: In total, 171 patients were included: 142 with Marfan syndrome, 17 with Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and 12 with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS). Median (IQR) age was 49.9 years (37.9-59.0), and 107 patients (62.6%) were male. One hundred fifty-two (88.9%) were treated for aortic dissections and 19 (11.1%) for degenerative aneurysms. One hundred thirty-six patients (79.5%) had undergone open aortic surgery before the index endovascular repair. In 74 patients (43.3%), arch and/or visceral branches were included in the repair. Primary technical success was achieved in 168 patients (98.2%), and 30-day mortality was 2.9% (5 patients). Survival at 1 and 5 years was 96.2% and 80.6% for Marfan syndrome, 93.8% and 85.2% for Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and 75.0% and 43.8% for vEDS, respectively. After a median (IQR) follow-up of 4.7 years (1.9-9.2), 91 patients (53.2%) had undergone secondary procedures, of which 14 (8.2%) were open conversions.Conclusions and Relevance: This study found that endovascular aortic interventions, including redo procedures and complex repairs of the aortic arch and visceral aorta, in patients with CTD had a high rate of early technical success, low perioperative mortality, and a midterm survival rate comparable with reports of open aortic surgery in patients with CTD. The rate of secondary procedures was high, but few patients required conversion to open repair. Improvements in devices and techniques, as well as ongoing follow-up, may result in endovascular treatment for patients with CTD being included in guideline recommendations.
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| 21. |
- Pyko, Andrei, et al.
(författare)
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Long-Term Exposure to Transportation Noise and Ischemic Heart Disease: A Pooled Analysis of Nine Scandinavian Cohorts.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Environmental health perspectives. - : Environmental Health Perspectives. - 1552-9924 .- 0091-6765. ; 131:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transportation noise may induce cardiovascular disease, but the public health implications are unclear.The study aimed to assess exposure-response relationships for different transportation noise sources and ischemic heart disease (IHD), including subtypes.Pooled analyses were performed of nine cohorts from Denmark and Sweden, together including 132,801 subjects. Time-weighted long-term exposure to road, railway, and aircraft noise, as well as air pollution, was estimated based on residential histories. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models following adjustment for lifestyle and socioeconomic risk factors.A total of 22,459 incident cases of IHD were identified during follow-up from national patient and mortality registers, including 7,682 cases of myocardial infarction. The adjusted HR for IHD was 1.03 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00, 1.05] per 10 dB Lden for both road and railway noise exposure during 5 y prior to the event. Higher risks were indicated for IHD excluding angina pectoris cases, with HRs of 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.08) and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.08) per 10 dB Lden for road and railway noise, respectively. Corresponding HRs for myocardial infarction were 1.02 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.05) and 1.04 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.08). Increased risks were observed for aircraft noise but without clear exposure-response relations. A threshold at around 55 dB Lden was suggested in the exposure-response relation for road traffic noise and IHD.Exposure to road, railway, and aircraft noise in the prior 5 y was associated with an increased risk of IHD, particularly after exclusion of angina pectoris cases, which are less well identified in the registries. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10745.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Sahlstrom, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Different Hierarchies of Anti-Modified Protein Autoantibody Reactivities in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : WILEY. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 72:10, s. 1643-1657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are a hallmark of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Yet, the precise disease-relevant autoantigens that are targeted by ACPAs remains a matter of debate. This study utilized patient-derived monoclonal ACPAs, rather than serum autoantibody analysis, to characterize the multireactivity to different protein modifications and to reveal autoantibody subsets in patients with RA. Methods. Twelve human monoclonal ACPAs (positive by the second-generation cyclic citrullinated peptide test) were generated from 6 RA patients, and a head-to-head comparison of their reactivities was performed. For profiling, we used a complementary DNA-based protein array (Engine GmbH) and 3 peptide-screening platforms with RA autoantigens (Thermo Fisher Scientific), citrullinated and carbamylated peptides (NimbleGen/Roche), or histonederived peptides with different posttranslational modifications (JPT Histone Code), covering >207,000 peptides (>7,800 gene products). Results. The fine-specificity profiles of the investigated ACPAs varied, but all of the monoclonal ACPAs displayed multireactivity to a large number of citrullinated peptides/proteins, each characterized by specific binding properties. ACPA subsets could be defined by clone-distinct consensus binding motifs (e.g., Cit-Gly, Gly-Cit, or Arg-Cit-Asp), with the most common ACPA recognition being that of a Gly in the +1 flanking position, but with additional amino acid preferences. For ACPA protein recognition, we observed a preference for citrullinated RNA-binding proteins with high Arg/Gly content. Six of the 12 ACPA clones also bound acetylated-lysine (KAc) or homocitrulline peptide motifs, displaying a similar affinity or higher apparent affinity than that for Cit peptides. Conclusion. ACPAs and anti-modified protein autoantibodies represent overlapping facets of RA autoimmunity and bind to a wide variety of modified proteins, extending well beyond the historically recognized set of RA autoantigens. So far, KAc reactivity has been detected only in the context of anti-Carb and anti-Cit peptide autoantibody responses, postulating the existence of hierarchies of autoreactivity in RA. Future investigations of ACPA fine specificities and functionality should take into consideration the presence of consensus Cit/Carb/KAc motifs and the multireactivity of these autoantibodies in patients with RA.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Steen Pettersen, Pernille, et al.
(författare)
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Associations Between Radiographic and Ultrasound-Detected Features in Hand Osteoarthritis and Local Pressure Pain Thresholds
- 2020
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Ingår i: Arthritis and Rheumatology. - : Wiley. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 72:6, s. 966-971
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Pain sensitization contributes to the complex osteoarthritis (OA) pain experience. The relationship between imaging features of hand OA and clinically assessed pain sensitization is largely unexplored. This study was undertaken to examine the association of structural and inflammatory features of hand OA with local pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) in the Nor-Hand study. Methods: The cross-sectional relationship of severity of structural radiographic features of hand OA (measured according to the Kellgren/Lawrence scale [grade 0–4] and the absence or presence of erosive joint disease) as well as ultrasound-detected hand joint inflammation (assessed by gray-scale synovitis [grade 0–3] and the absence or presence of power Doppler activity) to the PPTs of 2 finger joints was examined by multilevel regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index, using beta values with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: A total of 570 joints in 285 participants included in the Nor-Hand study were assessed. Greater structural and inflammatory severity was associated with lower PPTs, with adjusted beta values of −0.5 (95% CI −0.6, −0.4) per Kellgren/Lawrence grade increase, −1.4 (95% CI −1.8, −0.9) for erosive versus non-erosive joints, −0.7 (95% CI −0.9, −0.6) per gray-scale synovitis grade increase, and −1.5 (95% CI −1.8, −1.1) for joints with power Doppler activity on ultrasound versus those without. Conclusion: Greater severity of structural pathologic features and hand joint inflammation was associated with lower PPTs in the finger joints of patients with hand OA, indicating pain sensitization. Our results indicate that pain sensitization might be driven by structural and inflammatory pathology in hand OA.
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