| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Blok, Daan, et al.
(författare)
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Contrasting above- and belowground organic matter decomposition and carbon and nitrogen dynamics in response to warming in High Arctic tundra
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013. ; 24:6, s. 2660-2672
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tundra regions are projected to warm rapidly during the coming decades. The tundra biome holds the largest terrestrial carbon pool, largely contained in frozen permafrost soils. With warming, these permafrost soils may thaw and become available for microbial decomposition, potentially providing a positive feedback to global warming. Warming may directly stimulate microbial metabolism but may also indirectly stimulate organic matter turnover through increased plant productivity by soil priming from root exudates and accelerated litter turnover rates. Here, we assess the impacts of experimental warming on turnover rates of leaf litter, active layer soil and thawed permafrost sediment in two high-arctic tundra heath sites in NE-Greenland, either dominated by evergreen or deciduous shrubs. We incubated shrub leaf litter on the surface of control and warmed plots for 1 and 2 years. Active layer soil was collected from the plots to assess the effects of 8 years of field warming on soil carbon stocks. Finally, we incubated open cores filled with newly thawed permafrost soil for 2 years in the active layer of the same plots. After field incubation, we measured basal respiration rates of recovered thawed permafrost cores in the lab. Warming significantly reduced litter mass loss by 26% after 1 year incubation, but differences in litter mass loss among treatments disappeared after 2 years incubation. Warming also reduced litter nitrogen mineralization and decreased the litter carbon to nitrogen ratio. Active layer soil carbon stocks were reduced 15% by warming, while soil dissolved nitrogen was reduced by half in warmed plots. Warming had a positive legacy effect on carbon turnover rates in thawed permafrost cores, with 10% higher respiration rates measured in cores from warmed plots. These results demonstrate that warming may have contrasting effects on above- and belowground tundra carbon turnover, possibly governed by microbial resource availability.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Mirzov, Oleg, et al.
(författare)
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Large spectral diffusion of conjugated polymer single molecule fluorescence at low temperature
- 2005
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Ingår i: Chemical Physics Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-2614. ; 408:4-6, s. 317-321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The conductive polymer poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4- phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV) was investigated by means of single molecule spectroscopy at 15 K. MEH-PPV single chains were deposited onto a surface from a toluene solution and covered with a polymer cap layer spin-coated from an aqueous solution for protection from air. The MEH-PPV molecules exhibited large fluorescence spectral diffusion with the range reaching 1000 cm(-1). We concluded that conformational changes, affecting dispersive interactions and conjugation length, is the most probable mechanism of the observed effect. It is the matrix-free environment that allows the MEH-PPV chains to undergo sufficiently large conformational changes even at low temperature. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Müllern, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Celebrities and Music and Brand Recall Cues - An Experimental Study of TV Commercials
- 2015
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Ingår i: Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal. - Manchester, UK : Society for Science and Education. - 2055-0286. ; 2:10, s. 174-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article reports on an aided brand recall experiment testing the effect of celebrities compared to popular music in TV advertisements. The effect of three cues, celebrity,music, and celebrity + music, was analysed and crosschecked with the moderating effect of familiarity with the cues. The results show a stronger effect of the celebrity cue compared to music. Familiarity with the celebrity leads to higher recall than non-familiarity, whereas the results for familiarity with the music are inconsistent with stronger recall for non-familiar music for some of the cues. The results enrichen the understanding of how celebrities and music can be used as advertising cues.
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| 6. |
- Brynolfsson, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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ADC texture-An imaging biomarker for high-grade glioma?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Medical physics (Lancaster). - : Wiley. - 0094-2405. ; 41:10, s. 101903-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose:Survival for high-grade gliomas is poor, at least partly explained by intratumoral heterogeneity contributing to treatment resistance. Radiological evaluation of treatment response is in most cases limited to assessment of tumor size months after the initiation of therapy. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its estimate of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) has been widely investigated, as it reflects tumor cellularity and proliferation. The aim of this study was to investigate texture analysis of ADC images in conjunction with multivariate image analysis as a means for identification of pretreatment imaging biomarkers.Methods:Twenty-three consecutive high-grade glioma patients were treated with radiotherapy (2 Gy/60 Gy) with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide. ADC maps and T1-weighted anatomical images with and without contrast enhancement were collected prior to treatment, and (residual) tumor contrast enhancement was delineated. A gray-level co-occurrence matrix analysis was performed on the ADC maps in a cuboid encapsulating the tumor in coronal, sagittal, and transversal planes, giving a total of 60 textural descriptors for each tumor. In addition, similar examinations and analyses were performed at day 1, week 2, and week 6 into treatment. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to reduce dimensionality of the data, and the five largest components (scores) were used in subsequent analyses. MRI assessment three months after completion of radiochemotherapy was used for classifying tumor progression or regression.Results:The score scatter plots revealed that the first, third, and fifth components of the pretreatment examinations exhibited a pattern that strongly correlated to survival. Two groups could be identified: one with a median survival after diagnosis of 1099 days and one with 345 days, p = 0.0001.Conclusions:By combining PCA and texture analysis, ADC texture characteristics were identified, which seems to hold pretreatment prognostic information, independent of known prognostic factors such as age, stage, and surgical procedure. These findings encourage further studies with a larger patient cohort. (C) 2014 Author(s).
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| 7. |
- Ye, Nannan, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced CO2 Capture through SAPO-34 Impregnated with Ionic Liquid
- 2024
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society. - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 40:17, s. 9097-9107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concurrent utilization of an adsorbent and absorbent for carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption with synergistic effects presents a promising technique for CO2 capture. Here, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole acetate ([Bmim][Ac]), with a high affinity for CO2, and the molecular sieve SAPO-34 were selected. The impregnation method was used to composite the hybrid samples of [Bmim][Ac]/SAPO-34, and the pore structure and surface property of prepared samples were characterized. The quantity and kinetics of the sorbed CO2 for loaded samples were measured using thermogravimetric analysis. The study revealed that SAPO-34 could retain its pristine structure after [Bmim][Ac] loading. The CO2 uptake of the loaded sample was 1.879 mmol g-1 at 303 K and 1 bar, exhibiting a 20.6% rise compared to that of the pristine SAPO-34 recording 1.558 mmol g-1. The CO2 uptake kinetics of the loaded samples were also accelerated, and the apparent mass transfer resistance for CO2 sorption was significantly reduced by 11.2% compared with that of the pure [Bmim][Ac]. The differential scanning calorimetry method revealed that the loaded sample had a lower CO2 desorption heat than that of the pure [Bmim][Ac], and the CO2 desorption heat of the loaded samples was between 30.6 and 40.8 kJ mol-1. The samples exhibited good cyclic stability. This material displays great potential for CO2 capture applications, facilitating the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Kann, Viggo, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a Program Integrating Course for Students ofComputer Science and Engineering
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proc. 47th ACM Technical Symposium on Computing Science Education. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450336857 ; , s. 510-515
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study programs are a central component of the higher education system, in particular for professional education. However, for many education programs, especially in engineering, a large part of the beginner students fail to reach graduation. A reason for this could be lack of program coherence. In order to strengthen the program coherence of the computer science and engineering program at KTH, a program integrating course was introduced in 2010. The course runs at low speed through the first three years of the program. It consists of reflection seminars in small cross-grade groups of students, led by a professor as a mentor. In the seminars the students exercise self-regulated learning abilities, such as metacognitive skills, when reflecting, discussing and acting upon different topics, such as study techniques, procrastination, studying abroad, plagiarism and responsibility, and the professional life after the studies. We have studied and found both perceived and measurable positive effects of the program integrating course. In this paper we describe effects on the students’ study skills, their ability to reflect and interest in exchange studies.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Graham, Daniel B., et al.
(författare)
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Harmonic waves and sheath rectification in type III solar radio bursts
- 2014
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Ingår i: J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE. - 2169-9380. ; 119:2, s. 723-741
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In type III solar radio bursts and planetary foreshocks, Langmuir waves are produced by electron beams and converted partially to radio waves by linear and nonlinear processes. Lower amplitude second harmonic electric fields are observed simultaneously during the most intense Langmuir wave events in type III source regions. The electric fields at the harmonic frequencies can arise from various mechanisms, such as radio wave emission by either coalescence or antenna mechanisms, nonlinear currents, harmonics of Langmuir waves, electron trapping in Langmuir wave potentials, and Langmuir wave rectification at the sheath surrounding the spacecraft, or they can result from instrumental harmonics. In this paper the relative powers and electric field vectors of Langmuir waves and the harmonic fields are compared for multiple events. The structure of the harmonic field is shown to be determined by the Langmuir waveform, but the harmonic field direction is typically closely aligned with the solar wind flow. The magnitude, structure, and orientation of the harmonic fields is used to determine which processes are responsible. It is shown that the dominant process generating the observed harmonic fields is Langmuir wave rectification at the sheath surrounding the spacecraft. Key Points Intense Langmuir waves and harmonic fields are observed simultaneously Harmonic fields are primarily produced by sheath rectification Some evidence for nonlinear currents is found
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| 12. |
- Graham, Daniel B., et al.
(författare)
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Langmuir "snakes" and electrostatic decay in the solar wind
- 2013
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 40:10, s. 1934-1939
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When Langmuir waves are driven by an electron beam to large amplitudes, they can undergo electrostatic (ES) decay to smaller wave numbers via a series of backscatters. Truncated ES decay, where the number of backscatters is reduced due to damping, is modeled here using the three-dimensional ES Zakharov equations. Langmuir beats develop in snake-like structures parallel to the electron beam direction and are most evident when decay is truncated to a single backscatter. From these results, an analytic form is derived and shown to be consistent with some of the waveforms and spectra observed by STEREO in the source regions of type III solar radio bursts. The agreement between the model and observations provides strong evidence for ES decay and Langmuir snakes parallel to the electron beam and so the ambient magnetic field.
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| 13. |
- Shafie, Termeh, 1979-
(författare)
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Length-Biased Sampling: A Review
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A frequent sampling design problem is length-biased sampling. This meansthat the probabilities of sample inclusion of population units are relatedto the values of the variable being measured. Parameter estimates maybecome biased and inconsistent if this sampling problem is ignored. Thispaper contains a review of applications characterized by length-biased samplingand the suggested solutions. The paper also includes a small simulationstudy on the properties of corrected mean estimators under misspecifiedsampling inclusion probabilities. Results indicate the importance ofcorrectly specified sampling inclusion mechanisms.
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| 14. |
- Rusu, Ana, et al.
(författare)
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Design of a power/performance efficient single-loop sigma-delta modulator for wireless receivers
- 2004
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Ingår i: INTEGRATED CIRCUIT AND SYSTEM DESIGN. - BERLIN : SPRINGER. - 3540230955 ; , s. 564-573
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to design high performance sigma-delta A/D converters, it is essential to estimate the Figure-Of-Merit in the design process. This paper describes the design of a power/performance efficient single-loop multibit sigma-delta modulator for wireless applications. Power dissipation is minimized by optimizing the architecture and by a careful design of analog circuitry. A 3(rd) order 4-bit Sigma-Delta modulator with feedforward path is designed in 0.18um CMOS process operating from 1.8V supply voltage. The modulator dissipates 8.6 mW and achieves a dynamic range of 84/95 dB over a bandwidth of 2000/100 kHz.
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| 15. |
- Wingren, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Finite Element-Boundary Integral Simulation of Icing Effects on a Marine Radar Reflector
- 2022
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Ingår i: 2022 3rd URSI Atlantic and Asia Pacific Radio Science Meeting (AT-AP-RASC). - 9789463968058
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents simulations of the radar cross section for a marine corner reflector affected by icing as it is illuminated by 3 GHz marine radar. This is compared to the radar cross section for an unaffected reflector, and the consequences for radar range are investigated. To perform the simulations, a finite element-boundary integral hybrid method is used. The simulation code is based on several open-source packages, of which the most important are FEniCSx and Bempp-cl. Simulations show a large reduction in maximum radar range due to icing, with a maximum reduction by 60 % found near boresight.
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| 16. |
- Kennedy, Peter G, et al.
(författare)
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Scaling up : examining the macroecology of ectomycorrhizal fungi.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 21:17, s. 4151-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi play major ecological roles in temperate and tropical ecosystems. Although the richness of ECM fungal communities and the factors controlling their structure have been documented at local spatial scales, how they vary at larger spatial scales remains unclear. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Tedersoo et al. (2012) present the results of a meta-analysis of ECM fungal community structure that sheds important new light on global-scale patterns. Using data from 69 study systems and 6021 fungal species, the researchers found that ECM fungal richness does not fit the classic latitudinal diversity gradient in which species richness peaks at lower latitudes. Instead, richness of ECM fungal communities has a unimodal relationship with latitude that peaks in temperate zones. Intriguingly, this conclusion suggests the mechanisms driving ECM fungal community richness may differ from those of many other organisms, including their plant hosts. Future research will be key to determine the robustness of this pattern and to examine the processes that generate and maintain global-scale gradients of ECM fungal richness.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Magtalas, M. C., et al.
(författare)
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A systematic review of medicinal plants used in the treatment of gynecologic diseases in the Philippines
- 2023
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Ingår i: Phytomedicine Plus. - : Elsevier. - 2667-0313. ; 3:3
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Different indigenous peoples in the Philippines still utilize medicinal plants in treating gynecologic diseases. However, there is a lack of information regarding these medicinal plants used in treating gynecologic conditions in the Philippines. Hence, this systematic review compiled the available literature on medicinal plants used for gynecologic healthcare by various indigenous groups in the Philippines. Methods: Ethnobotanical studies that reported medicinal plants used for gynecologic diseases were obtained from OVID Medline, Scopus, and EBSCO CINAHL. A review of titles, abstracts, and articles was done independently by four reviewers. The quality of the studies was assessed using the quality assessment tool for ethnobotanical studies. Results: A total of 27 studies, including 98 different records, that cited the use of medicinal plants to treat gynecologic diseases were included in the qualitative synthesis. Most ethnobotanical studies were conducted in Northern Mindanao, Central Luzon, and Caraga, Philippines. The most common plant family, genus, and species were Fabaceae, Mimosa, and Mimosa pudica L., respectively. Leaves, roots, and stems were predominantly used, commonly prepared by decoction. Medicinal plants reported in ethnobotanical studies were widely used to treat dysmenorrhea (34 ssp.), irregular menstruation (28 spp.), myoma (four spp.), and infertility (four spp.). A significant proportion of medicinal plants used to treat gynecologic diseases in the Philippines had records of toxicologic (18 spp., 31.03%) or teratogenic (one sp., 1.72%) properties. Other species were reported as both nontoxic and toxic (five spp., 8.62%) and toxic and teratogenic (one sp., 1.72%). However, some were nontoxic or teratogenic (11 sp., 18.97%). In addition, 22 plant species had no data on toxicity or teratogenicity. Conclusion: This systematic review showed that medicinal plants and traditional healing practices are crucial in gynecologic healthcare in the Philippines.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Bonet, Blai, et al.
(författare)
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On Policy Reuse: An Expressive Language for Representing and Executing General Policies that Call Other Policies
- 2024
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling (ICAPS 2024).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently,a simple but powerful language for expressing and learning general policies and problem decompositions (sketches) has been introduced in terms of rules defined over a set of Boolean and numerical features. In this work, we consider three extensions of this language aimed at making policies and sketches more flexible and reusable: internal memory states, as in finite state controllers; indexical features, whose values are a function of the state and a number of internal registers that can be loaded with objects; and modules that wrap up policies and sketches and allow them to call each other by passing parameters. In addition, unlike general policies that select state transitions rather than ground actions, the new language allows for the selection of such actions. The expressive power of the resulting language for policies and sketches is illustrated through a number of examples.
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| 23. |
- Mathew, Sindhu, et al.
(författare)
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Enzymatic synthesis of piceid glycosides by cyclodextrin glucanotransferase
- 2012
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Ingår i: Process Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-3298 .- 1359-5113. ; 47:3, s. 528-532
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Novel glycosides of piceid (3,4'-5-trihydroxy stilbene 3-O-beta-D-glucoside) were produced by the transglycosylation reactions of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) from Bacillus macerans, with piceid (PicG(1)) and maltodextrin as the acceptor and donor substrates, respectively. The reactions were performed at 40 degrees C with 2.56 mM piceid (0.1% w/v) and maltodextrin (5% w/v) in 0.02 M citrate phosphate buffer, pH 6.0 containing 5% (v/v) methanol for 6h. Glucose, maltose, sucrose, maltotriose and alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD) were also used to analyze their ability to function as donor substrates, for the glycosylation of piceid. Among the different donor substrates used, the maximum transfer efficiency (TE) of glycosylation of piceid was observed for a-cyclodextrin (78.9%) followed by maltodextrin (72.1%). The partially purified piceid glycoside products (PicG(2) and PicG(3)) were identified by mass spectrometry. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Lagging, Martin, 1965
(författare)
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Hepatitis C virus. Aspects on natural history, antibody response, and viral quantification
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the major cause of parenterally transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis, and is associated with chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the screening of blood products nosocomial spread of HCV continues to occur. We investigated an outbreak of HCV involving three patients following percutaneous coronary intervention, and found that the most likely mode of transmission was contamination of a multidose vial of saline used for the flushing of intravenous catheters. It may thus be prudent to restrict the use of multidose vials in addition to the implementation of vigorous adherence to standard hygienic procedures to prevent recurrence of similar outbreaks.To investigate the role of the HCV glycoproteins in the viral infection of mammalian cells, we developed a VSV/HCV pseudotyped virus. Genomic regions encoding the putative ectodomain of the HCV E1 (amino acids 174 to 359) and E2 (amino acids 371 to 742) glycoproteins were appended to the transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic tail of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) G protein. When infected with a temperature-sensitive VSV mutant (ts045) and grown at 40.5°C, cells transiently expressing the E1 or E2 chimeric glycoprotein generated VSV/HCV pseudotyped virus. The resulting pseudotyped virus exhibited the ability to infect mammalian cells and sera derived from chimpanzees immunized with the homologous HCV envelope glycoproteins neutralized infectivity.Using the pseudotyped viruses, we analyzed sera from acute, chronic and HCV RNA negative seropositive untreated patients. Sequential sera from 9 out of 10 patients collected during the acute phase of infection were found to have intermittent viremia, elevated ALT level, and detectable neutralization activity against pseudotype virus. Patients with chronic HCV infection displayed detectable HCV RNA without a significant variation in ALT level, and a majority (>90 %) failed to display a detectable neutralizing activity.In order to evaluate the progression of liver fibrosis associated with HCV infection, two liver biopsy specimens obtained prior to anti-viral therapy from 98 patients with HCV were scored and evaluated using statistical methods appropriate for ordered categorical data. Greater progression of fibrosis was seen with increasing time between the biopsies. Likewise, the change in fibrosis score was significantly more pronounced in the 11 patients whose first biopsy was obtained within the first year after acquiring HCV. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that interface hepatitis in both biopsies, the time interval between the biopsies, and age at first biopsy were associated with change in the fibrosis score. In addition we found that higher age at the time of infection was associated with development of cirrhosis, that moderate intake of alcohol was associated with fibrosis progression, and that an inflammatory response in the form of moderate interface hepatitis in the first biopsy was not necessarily associated with greater progression of fibrosis if the second biopsy showed mild interface hepatitis. However, having moderate interface hepatitis later in the course of infection as reflected by the second biopsy may be detrimental.An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) has recently been developed for the HCV core antigen. To evaluate the association between core antigen and HCV RNA levels with regards to the change in liver histology over time, as well as to study the effect of duration of storage on viral load results, sequential sera were analyzed from 45 patients. A relatively strong association was found between the core antigen and HCV RNA concentrations (rs=0.8), with a core antigen level of 1 pg/ml corresponding to approximately 1,000 IU/mL. No association was found between HCV RNA or core antigen levels and stage of fibrosis, progression of fibrosis, necroinflammatory grade, steatosis, genotype, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), or alcohol consumption. However, a significant association was demonstrated between the storage time of the samples and both HCV RNA and core antigen concentrations.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Gorostiza, S., et al.
(författare)
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Repairing as struggle for narrative justice : The dam failure of Vega de Tera, Spain (1959-2019)
- 2021
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Ingår i: Rethinking Post-Disaster Recovery. - London : Informa UK Limited. ; , s. 87-109
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Around midnight of 9 January 1959, the Vega de Tera dam broke, releasing nearly 8 million cubic metres of water that destroyed the Spanish town of Ribadelago, killing 144 people. To this day, it remains the worst dam-related failure of the past two centuries of Spanish history. In this chapter we expand the time frame of the disaster, moving from a one-day narrative to focus on the processes of reparation during the disaster’s aftermath. We interpret the silence imposed upon the survivors of Ribadelago as a form of narrative injustice, that is, as the ensemble of strategies aiming to normalize/silence environmental injustice while delegitimizing any alternative storytelling. Our case shows how, in the aftermath of the disaster, the efforts of the Francoist dictatorship prioritized anticipating similar disasters and avoiding their repetition, rather than identifying the responsibilities or repairing the victims. In this context, memory emerges as a strategic tool for reclaiming the individual and collective agency of the survivors, as part of a wider process to achieve social repair. By analyzing the long-term recovery process, we argue that the survivors fought to achieve both judicial and narrative reparation.
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| 28. |
- Rahman, Mohammad Z., et al.
(författare)
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Surface polarity, water adhesion and wettability behaviors of iron pyrite
- 2020
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Ingår i: Materials Today. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-7853. ; 33, s. 2465-2469
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Earth abundant iron pyrite (FeS2) has attracted considerable attention as a potential non-toxic absorber material in lieu of widely used but toxic and relatively rare Indium containing CIGS and CdTe for thin-film solar cells. Research in this regard has been progressed in understanding its fundamental electronic, optical and chemical properties, while its surface polarity is rarely been studied. In this contribution, we have investigated the adhesion of water to determine the wettability (i.e. hydrophilic or hydrophobic) of naturally grown FeS2, and thereof, the polarity of the surface. FeS2 has a cubic crystal structure that grows and cleaves along its cubic faces. Based on the measurements using Sessile drop method, we have found that the surfaces of the pyrite phase of FeS2 crystals are intrinsically super-hydrophilic and highly polar. Our finding is corroborated with X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared, Raman Spectroscopy, particle size determination, and contact angle measurements of the pyrite phase. The surface polarity would be a critical factor for choosing surface passivation protocols and type of contact materials as well as for interpreting surface field effects in the system for solar cell application with material heterojunctions.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Saeidian, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Pointwise Maximal Leakage
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9448 .- 1557-9654. ; 69:12, s. 8054-8080
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce a privacy measure called pointwise maximal leakage, generalizing the pre-existing notion of maximal leakage, which quantifies the amount of information leaking about a secret X by disclosing a single outcome of a (randomized) function calculated on X. Pointwise maximal leakage is a robust and operationally meaningful privacy measure that captures the largest amount of information leaking about X to adversaries seeking to guess arbitrary (possibly randomized) functions of X, or equivalently, aiming to maximize arbitrary gain functions. We study several properties of pointwise maximal leakage, e.g., how it composes over multiple outcomes, how it is affected by pre and post-processing, etc. Furthermore, we propose to view information leakage as a random variable which, in turn, allows us to regard privacy guarantees as requirements imposed on different statistical properties of the information leakage random variable. We define several privacy guarantees and study how they behave under pre-processing, post-processing and composition. Finally, we examine the relationship between pointwise maximal leakage and other privacy notions such as local differential privacy, local information privacy, f-information, and so on. Overall, our paper constructs a robust and flexible framework for privacy risk assessment whose central notion has a strong operational meaning which can be adapted to a variety of applications and practical scenarios.
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| 31. |
- Harrison, Katherine
(författare)
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A virtual promise of happiness : kinship on the websites of Danish fertility clinics and sperm banks
- 2019
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Ingår i: Feminist Media Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1468-0777 .- 1471-5902. ; 19:8, s. 1096-1113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Each month thousands of people travel across national borders to access assisted reproductive treatments across Europe. The possibility to purchase fertility treatments in a similar way to other products and services has led not only to a clearly defined market place and customer, but has also contributed to scholarly work on critical studies of kinship. To date, however, there has been little research enquiring into how new media technologies relied upon by parents for finding fertility information may contribute to shaping and circulating ideas of kinship. Within the transnational fertility marketplace, Denmark has become a hub for would-be parents due to liberal legislation, cheaper prices and shorter waiting times. As the first contact point for potential fertility travellers, the websites of Danish fertility clinics and sperm banks fulfil several roles, including marketing, disseminating information about scientific breakthroughs, and providing guidance on healthy lifestyle choices for potential parents. Using multimodal analysis of home pages, this paper examines how the websites of Danish fertility clinics and sperm banks contribute to shaping and circulating ideas about kinship. These websites attract and engage with customers by creating emotive representations of kinship that rely on the mother-child image.
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| 32. |
- Ockander, Marlene, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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A female lay perspective on the establishment of long-term sickness absence
- 2001
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Welfare. - : Wiley. - 1369-6866 .- 1468-2397. ; 10:1, s. 74-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden women account for about 60% of the long-term cases of sickness absence. The aim of this study was to describe women's explanations as to how long-term sickness absence arises and becomes permanent, with reference to their personal experience. Semi-structured interviews were performed with 82 middle-aged women who have personal experience of long-term sickness absence. Long-term sickness absence can be said to arise in three distinguishable “spaces”: the work space, the medico-legal space and the mental space. In the beginning, the women were positive about sick-leave as such, which they saw as an opportunity for physical rest. But as time went on, they came to regard sick-leave as creating a vicious circle of new problems related to inactivity and isolation. Apart from this vicious circle and chronic physical impairments, certain conditions at the workplace, at the hospital and the social insurance office transformed seemingly trivial sick-leaves into long-term and irreversible sickness absences
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Zhou, Jiale
(författare)
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Requirements development and management of embedded real-time systems
- 2014
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Ingår i: 2014 IEEE 22nd International Requirements Engineering Conference, RE 2014 - Proceedings. - 9781479930333 ; , s. 479-484
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is well recognized that most of the anomalies, discovered in the development of embedded real-time systems, belong to requirement and specification phases. To ease the situation, many efforts have been investigated into the area. For requirements development, especially requirements validation and verification, model-driven architecture techniques can be considered as a cost-efficient solution. In order to utilize such advantages, the design of the proposed system is often specified in terms of analyzable models at the certain level of abstraction. Further, different levels of requirements are translated into verifiable queries and fed into the models to be either validated or verified. For requirements management, requirements traceability provides critical support for performing change impact analysis, risk analysis, regression testing, etc. In this thesis, we cover several topics about requirements validation, requirements verification, and requirements traceability. In particular, the technical contributions are three-fold: 1) we propose an approach to requirements validation by using the extended Timed Abstract State Machine (TASM) language with newly defined TASM constructs and, 2) we present a simulation-based method which is powered up by statistical techniques to conduct requirements verification, working with industrial applications and, 3) we introduce an improved VSM-based requirements traceability recovery approach using a novel context analysis. Further, we have demonstrated the applicability of our contributions in real world usage through various case studies.
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| 35. |
- Lagging, Martin, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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IP-10 predicts viral response and therapeutic outcome in difficult-to-treat patients with HCV genotype 1 infection
- 2006
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Ingår i: Hepatology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0270-9139 .- 1527-3350. ; 44:6, s. 1617-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasma from 173 patients with HCV genotype 1 infection was analyzed for IP-10 levels prior to treatment with pegylated interferon-alpha-2a and ribavirin. Significantly lower IP-10 levels were observed in patients achieving a rapid viral response (RVR) (P < .0001), even in those with body mass index (BMI) > or = 25 kg/m2 (P = .004) and with baseline viral load > or = 2 million IU/mL (P = .001). Similarly, significantly lower IP-10 levels were observed in patients obtaining a sustained viral response (SVR) (P = .0002), including those having higher BMI (P < .05), higher viral load (P = .0005), and both higher BMI and viral load (P < .03). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, a low IP-10 value was independently predictive of both RVR and SVR. A baseline cutoff IP-10 value of 600 pg/mL yielded a negative predictive value (NPV) of 79% (19/24) for all genotype 1-infected patients, which was comparable with that observed using a reduction in HCV-RNA by at least 2 logs after 12 weeks of therapy (NPV 86%; 19/22); by combining the two, 30 of 38 patients (NPV 79%) potentially could have been spared unnecessary therapy. In patients having both higher BMI and viral load, cut-off levels of 150 and 600 pg/mL yielded a positive predictive value (PPV) of 71% and NPV of 100%, respectively. In conclusion, pretreatment IP-10 levels predict RVR and SVR in patients infected with HCV genotype 1, even in those with higher BMI and viral load. A substantial proportion of the latter patients may achieve SVR in spite of unfavorable baseline characteristics if their pretreatment IP-10 level is low. Thus, pretreatment IP-10 analysis may prove helpful in decision-making regarding pharmaceutical intervention.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Colegrove, P., et al.
(författare)
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Welding process impact on residual stress and distortion
- 2009
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Ingår i: Science and Technology of Welding and Joining. - 1362-1718. ; 14:8, s. 717-725
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Residual stress and distortion continue to be important issues in shipbuilding and are still subject to large amounts of research. This paper demonstrates how the type of welding process influences the amount of distortion. Many shipyards currently use submerged arc welding (SAW) as their welding process of choice. In this manuscript, the authors compare welds made by SAW with DC gas metal arc welding, pulsed gas metal arc welding, Fronius cold metal transfer (CMT), autogenous laser and laser hybrid welding on butt welds in 4 mm thick DH36 ship plate. Laser and laser hybrid welding were found to produce the lowest distortion. Nevertheless, a considerable improvement can be achieved with the pulsed gas metal arc welding and CMT processes. The paper seeks to understand the relationship between heat input, fusion area, measured distortion and the residual stress predicted from a simple numerical model, and the residual stresses validated with experimental data.
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| 38. |
- Gorovenko, N. G., et al.
(författare)
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The role of genetic determinant in the development of severe perinatal asphyxia
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cytology and genetics. - : Springer International Publishing AG. - 0095-4527. ; 44:5, s. 294-299
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The frequency of GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene deletion polymorphism was determined in a case-control study of full-term Ukrainian newborns including patients with perinatal asphyxia. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used for genotyping 245 full-term newborns. The investigated full-term newborns with perinatal asphyxia were subdivided in the subgroups depending of severity of perinatal asphyxia and neonatal outcome. No significant differences in allele frequencies of homozygous null genotypes of GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene were detected among newborns with moderate perinatal asphyxia and healthy control. However, association with the development of severe perinatal asphyxia was detected for the deletion polymorphism in GSTT1 gene and the combination of the GSTT1 absent/GSTM1 absent in the newborns. The study shows that severe perinatal asphyxia may develop in the consequence of genetic predisposition to this condition as compare with moderate.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Nowinski, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Kraniosynostos
- 2017. - 1
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Ingår i: Barnneurologi. - : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144078885 ; , s. 229-235
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 41. |
- Ockander, Marlene, et al.
(författare)
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Comments on the Brad trilogy
- 2001
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Ingår i: Qualitative Health Research. - : Sage Publications. - 1049-7323 .- 1552-7557. ; 11:6, s. 725-727
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Reflections on deconstructing Harry or when is good art bad science?
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| 42. |
- Solberg, D., et al.
(författare)
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On the mechanism of cationic-polyacrylamide-induced flocculation and re-dispersion of a pulp fiber dispersion
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 18:1, s. 51-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adsorption of cationic polyacrylamide on pulp fibers and the induced fiber flocculation have been measured at contact times relevant to the practical application of retention aids. In accordance with the La Mer model for bridging flocculation, a maximum in flocculation was found around 50% surface coverage by the polymer and re-dispersion occured above 100% surface coverage. Furthermore, the amount of adsorbed charges at full surface coverage after a short contact time corresponds to only 2% of the total fiber charge, whereas after 30 minutes it corresponds to 15% of the total charge. This indicates that the adsorption saturation after a short adsorption time is not controlled simply by the charges. Instead, there is probably a non-equilibrium charge or steric barrier against adsorption at these short contact times. It is also shown that the reconformation kinetics has an influence on the flocculation behavior during these short contact times.
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| 43. |
- Steiner, Lars
(författare)
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Ledningsfunktionen i tillväxtföretag : ledningsteamens sammansättning och funktion i tillverkande företag inom informationsteknologiindustrin
- 1990
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Genom elektronikens olika tillämpningar och genom ett varierat utbud av produkter har informationsteknologiindustrin effektiviserat organisationers och människors informationshantering under de senaste 20 åren. Därigenom har människors tillvaro och företags administrativa funktioner och produktionssystem förändrats. De snabba förändringar både av nya produkter och nya företag som sker i denna bransch skapar tillväxt för de enskilda företagen. Teknologisk föränderlighet och en extremt osäker marknadssituation ger ökad administrativ komplexitet för företagen. Detta ställer särskilt stora krav på kompetensen i företagsledningarna. I avhandlingen utvecklas en teoretisk och empirisk grundad livscykelteori för ägandet och ledningen av företagen. Beskrivningen avser företagens utveckling från deras bildande till dess att de är medelstora. Följande forskningsfrågor besvaras: På vilket sätt förändras ägandet av ett företag i extremt osäkra marknadssituationer när företaget växer från att ha varit ett småföretag till att bli ett storföretag? Vilka funktioner har grundaren till ett företag i olika skeden av företagets tillväxt? Varierar dessa funktioner med hänsyn till ägarformen? Hur förändras ledningsteam och ledningsprocesser? Vilka ledningsideologier kan återfinnas bland entreprenörer i företagen? Hur påverkar affärslogik och ledningsideal strategier, relationer och engagemang, i ledningen av företagen?
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| 44. |
- Arafa, Wael A. A., et al.
(författare)
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Dinuclear manganese complexes for water oxidation : evaluation of electronic effects and catalytic activity
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 16:24, s. 11950-11964
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During recent years significant progress has been made towards the realization of a sustainable and carbon-neutral energy economy. One promising approach is photochemical splitting of H2O into O-2 and solar fuels, such as H-2. However, the bottleneck in such artificial photosynthetic schemes is the H2O oxidation half reaction where more efficient catalysts are required that lower the kinetic barrier for this process. In particular catalysts based on earth-abundant metals are highly attractive compared to catalysts comprised of noble metals. We have now synthesized a library of dinuclear Mn-2 (II,III) catalysts for H2O oxidation and studied how the incorporation of different substituents affected the electronics and catalytic efficiency. It was found that the incorporation of a distal carboxyl group into the ligand scaffold resulted in a catalyst with increased catalytic activity, most likely because of the fact that the distal group is able to promote proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) from the high-valent Mn species, thus facilitating O-O bond formation.
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| 45. |
- Arafa, Wael A. A., et al.
(författare)
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ULTRASOUND-MEDIATED THREE-COMPONENT REACTION ON-WATER PROTOCOL FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL MONO- AND BIS-1,3-THIAZIN-4-ONE DERIVATIVES
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Heterocycles. - 0385-5414 .- 1881-0942. ; 94:8, s. 1439-1455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Green synthetic and catalyst-free strategy towards the synthesis of novel mono- and bis-1,3-thiazin-4-one scaffolds through a one pot, reaction of carbon disulfide, monoacetylenic esters and amines under ultrasonication has been reported. The merits of this protocol comprise no need for tedious workup steps and afforded the desired products in excellent yields make this synthetic protocol more efficient and worthy of further attentiveness. Moreover, the method exhibited excellent score in a number of green metrics.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Skowroneck, Tilman, 1959
(författare)
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François Couperin: Harpsichord works/Werke für Cembalo
- 2021
-
Ingår i: TYXart CD, published worldwide.
-
Konstnärligt arbete (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Premier Prélude (from L’Art de Toucher le Clavecin) and selections from the Troisième Ordre in C-minor; Second Prélude and selections from the Second Ordre in D-minor; Sixième Prélude and Huitième Ordre in B-minor.
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| 48. |
- Söderström, Ulrik, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Anonymous video processing for live street view
- 2011
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Ingår i: 2011 IEEE International Conferences on Internet of Things, and Cyber, Physical and Social Computing. - Los Alamitos : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781457719769 ; , s. 109-113
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a method for hiding the identity of persons and objects in video sequences. This type of video sequence will be used in applications where the scene is important but the identity of persons should be unrecognizable, e.g., street view applications. Other parts, such as company logos, names on house doors or license plates on parked cars should not be recognizable as well. This is today solved in street view by blurring out parts of images that are compressed with standard encoding techniques. We propose a method that automatically will blur out parts that are moving but still show the motion. Our technique requires very low bitrates for video transmission; almost as low as for a still image. The low bitrate and the low computational complexity will enable video views of streets at the same costs as for still images.
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| 49. |
- van der Avoird, A, et al.
(författare)
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Ab initio potential-energy surface and rovibrational states of the HCN-HCl complex
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 124:20
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A four-dimensional intermolecular potential-energy surface has been calculated for the HCN-HCl complex, with the use of the coupled cluster method with single and double excitations and noniterative inclusion of triples. Data for more than 13 000 geometries were represented by an angular expansion in terms of coupled spherical harmonics; the dependence of the expansion coefficients on the intermolecular distance R was described by the reproducing kernel Hilbert space method. The global minimum with D-e=1565 cm(-1) and R-e=7.47a(0) has a linear HCN-HCl hydrogen-bonded structure with HCl as the donor. A secondary hydrogen-bonded equilibrium structure with D-e=564 cm(-1) and R-e=8.21a(0) has a T-shaped geometry with HCN as the donor and the acceptor HCl molecule nearly perpendicular to the intermolecular axis. This potential surface was used in a variational approach to compute a series of bound states of the isotopomers HCN-(HCl)-Cl-35, DCN-(HCl)-Cl-35, and HCN-(HCl)-Cl-37 for total angular momentum J=0,1,2 and spectroscopic parities e, f. The results could be analyzed in terms of the approximate quantum numbers of a linear polyatomic molecule with two coupled bend modes, plus a quantum number for the intermolecular stretch vibration. They are in good agreement with the recent high resolution spectrum of Larsen [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 7, 1953 (2005)] in the region of 330 cm(-1) corresponding to the HCl libration. The (partly anomalous) effects of isotopic substitutions on the properties of the complex were explained with the aid of the calculations.
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| 50. |
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