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- Strietzel, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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An Alternative to Carbon Additives : The Fabrication of Conductive Layers Enabled by Soluble Conducting Polymer Precursors – A Case Study for Organic Batteries
- 2021
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 13:4, s. 5349-5356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Utilizing organic redox-active materials as electrodes is a promising strategy to enable innovative battery designs with low environmental footprint during production, which can be hard to achieve with traditional inorganic materials. Most electrode compositions, organic or inorganic, require binders for adhesion and conducting additives to enable charge transfer through the electrode, in addition to the redox-active material. Depending on the redox-active material, many types and combinations of binders and conducting additives have been considered. We designed a conducting polymer (CP), with a soluble, trimeric unit based on 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (E) and 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene (P) as the repeat unit, acting as a combined binder and conducting additive. While CPs as additives have been explored earlier, in the current work, the use of a trimeric precursor enables solution processing together with the organic redox-active material. To evaluate this concept, the CP was blended with a redox polymer (RP), which contained a naphthoquinone (NQ) redox group at different ratios. The highest capacity for the total weight of the CP/RP electrode was 77 mAh/g at 1 C in the case of 30% EPE and 70% naphthoquinone-substituted poly(allylamine) (PNQ), which is 70% of the theoretical capacity given by the RP in the electrode. We further used this electrode in an aqueous battery, with a MnSO4 cathode. The battery displayed a voltage of 0.95 V, retaining 93% of the initial capacity even after 500 cycles at 1 C. The strategy of using a solution-processable CP precursor opens up for new organic battery designs and facile evaluation of RPs in such.
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| 3. |
- Strietzel, Christian, 1989-
(författare)
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Designing Quinone-based Organic Batteries
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The demand for secondary energy storage is ever increasing, being at the forefront of the transformation to a sustainable society. Conventional batteries, whose electrode materials require mining and high temperature refining, generate substantial carbon dioxide emissions during production. Furthermore, the process for recycling of these batteries is difficult and still at in its infancy. On the contrary, organic batteries could be a sustainable and alternative energy storage solution and is therefore gaining increased attention. While there are several promising organic battery concepts, the focus in of this thesis has been towards batteries using quinones as capacity carrying units. Furthermore, a special emphasis was put on conducting polymers for providing conductivity within the electrode material, predominately in the form of conducting redox polymers. Several battery designs have been explored. All-organic batteries, cycling protons both with an ionic liquid and with a readily available aqueous electrolyte, have been evaluated with promising results concerning rate capabilities and low temperature operation. Hybrid-organic battery designs have shown that quinones easily cycle Lithium ions and act in a dual ion battery with a Manganese oxide cathode. This thesis therefore gives a broad overview on how quinone organic batteries can be designed and provides an outlook on how future development can be focused.
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