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- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
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| 3. |
- Bernal, Ximena E., et al.
(författare)
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Empowering Latina scientists
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 363:6429, s. 825-826
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Daelman, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Frailty and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults with congenital heart disease
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 83:12, s. 1149-1159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Life expectancy of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) has increased rapidly, resulting in a growing and aging population. Recent studies have shown that older people with CHD have higher morbidity, health care use, and mortality. To maintain longevity and quality of life, understanding their evolving medical and psychosocial challenges is essential.Objectives: The authors describe the frailty and cognitive profile of middle-aged and older adults with CHD to identify predictor variables and to explore the relationship with hospital admissions and outpatient visits.Methods: Using a cross-sectional, multicentric design, we included 814 patients aged ≥40 years from 11 countries. Frailty phenotype was determined using the Fried method. Cognitive function was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.Results: In this sample, 52.3% of patients were assessed as robust, 41.9% as prefrail, and 5.8% as frail; 38.8% had cognitive dysfunction. Multinomial regression showed that frailty was associated with older age, female sex, higher physiologic class, and comorbidities. Counterintuitively, patients with mild heart defects were more likely than those with complex lesions to be prefrail. Patients from middle-income countries displayed more prefrailty than those from higher-income countries. Logistic regression demonstrated that cognitive dysfunction was related to older age, comorbidities, and lower country-level income.Conclusions: Approximately one-half of included patients were (pre-)frail, and more than one-third experienced cognitive impairment. Frailty and cognitive dysfunction were identified in patients with mild CHD, indicating that these concerns extend beyond severe CHD. Assessing frailty and cognition routinely could offer valuable insights into this aging population.
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| 5. |
- Siljehag, Eva, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Early interventions in the Swedish preschool – daily activities for all children and children with Special Educational Needs
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The effects of high quality ECEC are promotive and protective against individual and social risks. Early interventions in inclusive ECEC are also effective and recommended for children with special educational needs (SEN) since they can support their participation, learning and well-being and successfully prevent later learning and behavior difficulties in school.Previous research and evaluations from national agencies indicated that some areas need to be improved in ECEC in Sweden for children with SEN and diverse cultural backgrounds in observed learning environments and according to the teachers: the participation of children in free play situation with peers; the social skills, the interactions with peers and the use of peer-mediated learning strategies; receptive and expressive language skills.The aim for this project, funded by The Swedish Institute for Educational Research 2019-2021 is to develop language skills as a basis for inclusion and participation. Preschool children who have a different mother tongue than Swedish benefit from participating in language-stimulating activities that develop their vocabulary. Dialogic Book Reading is a structured method for picture book reading that has been developed in the United States. Book Reading with more dialog based on different level issues and expanded vocabulary has been shown good effects on children's later achievements in school. In this project, a test is carried out in Swedish preschools of this method with children at the age of five. The project also aims to develop social skills with daily arranged playtimes. Children need develop some social skills in order to participate in play and interaction with peers in preschool. Children in need of support and children with disabilities risk being excluded in play situations if they not have developed these social abilities. Play Time / Social Time is an interaction skills program and includes 25 learning activities and playtime about 10 minutes during 5 weeks and has shown increased play interaction between children in need of support and other children.The project adopts a longitudinal design and a mixed method approach. The project develops early intervention programs with 95 students, in close collaboration with teachers and special educators working in 16 preschools in 3 municipalities, adopting tiered models of quality and early interventions; supporting social skills and play with peer-mediated approaches, and developing expressive and receptive language skills with structured dialogic book reading.Result from 2019 show that education of the programs needs to be on ongoing process before, during and after the intervention for both the teachers, special educators and their managements and for the researchers. The education also needs to assume that adults in their profession have valuable knowledge of play interaction and book reading which are incorporated into the intervention work. Knowledge from the field, education and research will form the basis for a joint analysis and interpretation work in the spring of 2020. A culture-adapted model for play- and language interventions for all children is being prepared for autumn 2020.
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